2025年考研英語(yǔ)（一）閱讀理解真題解析：備考策略與解題技巧考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______模擬試卷第一部分閱讀理解閱讀下面的文章，完成第1至5題。Theadventoflargelanguagemodels(LLMs)hasusheredinaneweraofhuman-computerinteraction,offeringunprecedentedcapabilitiesforgeneratingtext,translatinglanguages,andevencomposingmusic.Whiletheseadvancementsholdimmensepromiseforinnovationandefficiencyacrossvariousdomains,theyalsoraiseprofoundethicalquestionsthatdemandcarefulconsiderationandproactiveregulation.Oneofthemostpressingconcernsrevolvesaroundthepotentialdisplacementofhumanjobs.AsLLMsbecomeincreasinglyadeptattaskstraditionallyperformedbyhumans,suchaswritingreports,draftingemails,andevenperformingbasiccoding,thereisalegitimatefearthatwidespreadadoptioncouldleadtosignificantjoblosses,particularlyinsectorsreliantonroutinecognitivetasks.Thisdisplacement,ifnotmanagedwisely,couldexacerbateexistingsocialinequalitiesandcreatenewchallengesforworkforcetransitions.ProponentsofLLMsarguethatthesetechnologieswillultimatelycreatemorejobsthantheydestroy,astheyenablehumanstofocusonhigher-levelcreativeandstrategicwork.Theypointtohistoricalprecedentswheretechnologicalrevolutions,suchastheIndustrialRevolution,initiallydisplacedworkersbutultimatelyledtothecreationofnewindustriesandemploymentopportunities.However,thisperspectiveoverlooksthepotentialspeedandscaleofLLMadoption,whichcouldoutpacetheabilityoftheworkforcetoadapt.Moreover,thenewjobscreatedmaynotbeeasilyaccessibletothosedisplaced,requiringdifferentskillsetsandeducationalbackgrounds.AnotherethicaldilemmaposedbyLLMsconcernstheissueofbiasandfairness.Thesemodelsaretrainedonvastdatasetsderivedfromtheinternet,whichinherentlyreflectexistingsocietalbiasesandprejudices.Consequently,LLMscanperpetuateandevenamplifythesebiasesintheiroutputs,leadingtodiscriminatoryoutcomesinareassuchashiring,loanapplications,andcriminaljustice.EnsuringthatLLMsarefairandunbiasedrequiresnotonlytechnicalsolutions,suchasalgorithmicfairnesstools,butalsobroadersocietaleffortstoaddressthebiasespresentinourdataandinstitutions.TheriseofLLMsalsoraisesquestionsaboutintellectualpropertyandauthorship.WhenanLLMgeneratescreativecontent,suchasapoemorapieceofmusic,whoownstheintellectualpropertyrights?Isitthedevelopersofthemodel,theuserswhopromptedthegeneration,orthemodelitself?Thesequestionschallengeexistinglegalframeworksandnecessitatenewapproachestodefiningandprotectingcreativeworksintheageofartificialintelligence.Finally,thepotentialformisuseofLLMspresentsasignificantethicalchallenge.LLMscanbeusedtogeneratemisinformation,propaganda,andotherharmfulcontentatanunprecedentedscaleandspeed.Thiscapabilitycouldbeexploitedbymaliciousactorstounderminetrust,manipulatepublicopinion,andinciteviolence.PreventingthemisuseofLLMsrequiresamulti-facetedapproach,includingtechnicalsafeguards,ethicalguidelines,andinternationalcooperationtoestablishnormsofresponsibleAIdevelopmentanddeployment.TherapidadvancementofLLMspresentsbothopportunitiesandchallengesforsociety.Whilethesetechnologieshavethepotentialtotransformindustriesandimprovelives,theirethicalimplicationsmustbecarefullynavigated.Proactiveeffortstoaddressissuessuchasjobdisplacement,bias,intellectualproperty,andmisuseareessentialtoensurethatLLMsaredevelopedanddeployedinamannerthatbenefitshumanityasawhole.1.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto2.Accordingtothepassage,oneofthepotentialbenefitsofLLMsisthat3.Theword"exacerbate"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto4.ThepassagesuggeststhatensuringfairnessinLLMsrequires5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisbestsupportedbytheinformationinthepassage?第二部分閱讀理解閱讀下面的文章，完成第6至10題。Inrecentyears,therehasbeenagrowinginterestinsustainableagricultureasameansofaddressingenvironmentaldegradationandensuringfoodsecurityforagrowingglobalpopulation.Sustainableagricultureemphasizestheuseofpracticesthatminimizenegativeenvironmentalimpactswhilemaintainingorimprovingagriculturalproductivity.Oneofthekeyprinciplesofsustainableagricultureisthereductionofrelianceonsyntheticfertilizersandpesticides,whichcanhaveharmfuleffectsonsoilhealth,waterquality,andbiodiversity.Instead,sustainablefarmersoftenemployalternativestrategiessuchascroprotation,covercropping,andintegratedpestmanagementtomaintainsoilfertilityandcontrolpests.Soilhealthisacriticalcomponentofsustainableagriculture.Healthysoilsarerichinorganicmatter,supportadiversecommunityofmicroorganisms,andhavegoodwaterretentioncapabilities.Thesepropertiesareessentialforplantgrowthandfortheoverallproductivityoftheagriculturalsystem.Practicessuchasaddingorganicmatterthroughcompostormanure,reducingtillage,andusingcovercropscanallcontributetoimprovingsoilhealth.Additionally,sustainableagriculturepromotestheconservationofwaterresourcesthroughtechniqueslikedripirrigationandtheuseofdrought-resistantcropvarieties.Biodiversityisanotherimportantconsiderationinsustainableagriculture.Monoculturefarming,whichinvolvesgrowingasinglecropoveralargearea,canleadtoalossofgeneticdiversityandmakeagriculturalsystemsmorevulnerabletopestsanddiseases.Sustainableagricultureencouragesthecultivationofavarietyofcrops,includingnativespecies,whichcanhelptomaintainecologicalbalanceandreducetheriskofcropfailure.Furthermore,sustainablefarmingpracticesofteninvolvethepreservationofnaturalhabitatsonandaroundfarmland,providinghabitatforbeneficialinsects,birds,andotherwildlife.Theeconomicviabilityofsustainableagricultureisalsoasignificantfactorinitsadoption.Whiletheinitialcostsoftransitioningtosustainablepracticescanbehigher,thelong-termbenefitsoftenoutweighthesecosts.Sustainableagriculturecanleadtoreducedinputexpenses,suchasfertilizersandpesticides,andcanimprovethequalityandvalueofagriculturalproducts.Additionally,sustainablefarmsoftenattractconsumerswhoarewillingtopayapremiumforenvironmentallyfriendlyproducts,creatingnewmarketopportunities.Despitethemanybenefitsofsustainableagriculture,therearechallengestoitswidespreadadoption.Oneofthemainchallengesisthelackofaccesstoinformationandtechnicalsupportforfarmerstransitioningtosustainablepractices.Anotherchallengeistheneedforpolicysupport,suchassubsidiesorincentives,tohelpfarmerscovertheinitialcostsoftransitioningandtoencouragetheadoptionofsustainablepracticesonalargerscale.Additionally,consumerdemandforsustainableproductscanbelimitedbypricesensitivityandalackofawarenessaboutthebenefitsofsustainableagriculture.Sustainableagricultureoffersapromisingapproachtomeetingthechallengesoffeedingagrowingglobalpopulationwhileprotectingtheenvironment.Byadoptingpracticesthatminimizeenvironmentalimpacts,maintainsoilhealth,promotebiodiversity,andensureeconomicviability,sustainableagriculturecancontributetoamoreresilientandsustainablefoodsystemforthefuture.6.Thepassageprimarilydiscusses7.Accordingtothepassage,oneofthewayssustainableagriculturebenefitstheenvironmentisby8.Theword"vulnerable"inthefourthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto9.Thepassagesuggeststhatachallengetotheadoptionofsustainableagricultureis10.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisbestsupportedbytheinformationinthepassage?第三部分閱讀理解閱讀下面的文章，完成第11至15題。Theculturallandscapeofthemodernworldisincreasinglycharacterizedbyglobalization,thewidespreadexchangeofideas,cultures,andgoodsacrossnationalborders.Whileglobalizationhasnumerousbenefits,suchaspromotingeconomicgrowthandculturalexchange,italsoraisesconcernsaboutculturalhomogenizationandthepotentiallossoflocaltraditions.Thisphenomenonhassparkedarenewedinterestinthepreservationandpromotionofculturalheritageasameansofmaintainingculturaldiversityandidentity.Culturalheritageencompassesawiderangeofelements,includingtangibleassetssuchashistoricalbuildings,artifacts,andmonuments,aswellasintangibleaspectssuchastraditions,customs,languages,andperformingarts.Thepreservationofculturalheritageiscrucialforseveralreasons.Firstly,itallowsfuturegenerationstoconnectwiththeirpastandunderstandtheirculturalroots.Secondly,culturalheritageprovidesasenseofidentityandbelongingforcommunities,fosteringsocialcohesionandcontinuity.Finally,culturalheritageisoftenasignificantsourceoftourismrevenue,contributingtotheeconomicdevelopmentoflocalcommunities.Oneoftheprimarychallengesinpreservingculturalheritageistheimpactofmodernizationanddevelopment.Rapidurbanization,infrastructureprojects,andindustrializationcanleadtothedestructionorneglectofculturalsitesandtraditions.Additionally,climatechangeposesasignificantthreattomanyculturalheritagesites,particularlythoselocatedinvulnerableecosystemsorareaspronetonaturaldisasters.Protectingthesesitesrequiresproactivemeasuressuchasconservationefforts,sustainabletourismpractices,andthedevelopmentofdisasterpreparednessplans.Theroleoftechnologyinpreservingculturalheritagehasbecomeincreasinglyimportantinrecentyears.Digitaltechnologies,suchas3Dscanning,virtualreality,andaugmentedreality,haveenabledthecreationofdetaileddigitalreplicasofculturalsitesandartifacts.Thesedigitalreplicascanbeusedforeducationalpurposes,virtualtours,andconservationresearch,providingnewwaystoaccessandappreciateculturalheritage.Additionally,socialmediaplatformshaveplayedasignificantroleinraisingawarenessaboutculturalheritageandmobilizingsupportforitspreservation.Communityinvolvementisalsoessentialforthesuccessfulpreservationofculturalheritage.Localcommunitiesareoftenthecustodiansofculturaltraditionsandhaveadeepunderstandingoftheirvalueandsignificance.Engagingcommunitiesinpreservationeffortsensuresthatheritageisprotectedinawaythatrespectslocalknowledgeandculturalcontexts.Thiscanbeachievedthrougheducationprograms,community-basedinitiatives,andtheestablishmentoflocalheritageorganizations.Despitethechallenges,therearemanysuccessstoriesinthepreservationofculturalheritage.Aroundtheworld,communitieshaveworkedtogethertoprotecthistoricalsites,revitalizetraditionalcrafts,andpromoteculturaldiversity.Theseeffortsnotonlypreserveculturalheritagebutalsocontributetothesocialandeconomicwell-beingoflocalcommunities.Bycontinuingtoinvestinthepreservationandpromotionofculturalheritage,wecanensurethatthesevaluableculturalresourcesarepassedontofuturegenerations.Thepreservationofculturalheritageisavitalendeavorinthefaceofglobalizationandmodernization.Byrecognizingtheimportanceofculturaldiversityandidentity,andbyleveragingthepoweroftechnologyandcommunityinvolvement,wecanensurethatourculturalheritageremainsasourceofinspiration,education,andculturalrichnessforgenerationstocome.11.Thepassageisprimarilyconcernedwith12.Accordingtothepassage,oneofthereasonsculturalheritageisimportantisthatit13.Theword"custodians"inthefifthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto14.Thepassagesuggeststhattechnologycanbeusedtopreserveculturalheritageby15.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisbestsupportedbytheinformationinthepassage?第四部分閱讀理解閱讀下面的文章，完成第16至20題。Thepursuitofhappinesshasbeenacentralthemeinhumanthoughtformillennia,yetitsdefinitionandattainmentremainelusiveformany.Philosophers,psychologists,andtheologianshaveofferedvariousperspectivesonwhatconstituteshappiness,withsomeemphasizingexternalcircumstancessuchaswealthandsuccess,whileothersfocusoninternalfactorslikemindsetandrelationships.Despitethesedifferingviews,thereisagrowingbodyofevidencesuggestingthatcertainfactorsareconsistentlyassociatedwithhigherlevelsofwell-beingandlifesatisfaction.Oneofthemostconsistentfindingsinhappinessresearchistheimportanceofsocialrelationships.Strongsocialconnections,whetherwithfamily,friends,orcommunitymembers,arestronglycorrelatedwithhigherlevelsofhappinessandwell-being.Socialsupportprovidesasenseofbelonging,reducesstress,andoffersopportunitiesformeaningfulinteraction.Loneliness,ontheotherhand,isasignificantpredictorofnegativehealthoutcomesandreducedlifesatisfaction.Therefore,cultivatingandmaintainingstrongsocialrelationshipsiscrucialforhappiness.Anotherkeyfactorassociatedwithhappinessisthepresenceofmeaningfulworkorpurpose.Engaginginactivitiesthatprovideasenseofmeaningandpurpose,whetherthroughone'scareer,volunteerwork,orhobbies,islinkedtohigherlevelsofwell-being.Meaningfulworkofteninvolvesskillsdevelopment,personalgrowth,andtheopportunitytomakeapositiveimpactonothers.Peoplewhofindtheirworkmeaningfultendtoexperiencegreaterjobsatisfactionandoveralllifehappiness.Mindsetandattitudesalsoplayasignificantroleinhappiness.Optimism,gratitude,andapositiveoutlookareconsistentlyassociatedwithhigherlevelsofwell-being.Practicingpositivepsychologytechniques,suchasmindfulnessandself-compassion,canhelpindividualscultivateamorepositivemindsetandimprovetheiroverallhappiness.Additionally,theabilitytoreframenegativeexperiencesandfocusonthegoodaspectsoflifecancontributetogreaterresilienceandwell-being.Finally,thepursuitofhappinessshouldbebalancedwiththerecognitionthatsomelevelofsufferingandadversityisaninevitablepartofthehumanexperience.Whilehappinessisaworthygoal,itisnotalwaysattainable,andforcingoneselftobehappyallthetimecanbecounterproductive.Instead,embracingthefullspectrumofhumanexperience,includingmomentsofsadnessandchallenge,canleadtogreaterauthenticityanddeeperappreciationoflife'sjoys.Thepursuitofhappinessisacomplexandmultifacetedendeavor,influencedbyavarietyoffactorsincludingsocialrelationships,meaningfulwork,mindset,andtheacceptanceoflife'schallenges.Byfocusingonthesekeyareas,individualscanincreasetheirchancesofachievinggreaterwell-beingandlifesatisfaction.However,itisalsoimportanttorecognizethathappinessisnotaconstantstatebutratherafluctuatingone,andthatthepursuititselfshouldbebalancedwiththeacceptanceoflife'supsanddowns.16.Thepassageprimarilydiscusses17.Accordingtothepassage,oneofthefactorsassociatedwithhigherlevelsofhappinessis18.Theword"resilience"inthefourthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto19.Thepassagesuggeststhatthepursuitofhappinessshouldinvolve20.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisbestsupportedbytheinformationinthepassage?---試卷答案1.C解析思路：文章首段提出LLMs帶來(lái)了機(jī)遇也帶來(lái)了倫理問(wèn)題，隨后分別論述了就業(yè)、偏見(jiàn)、知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)和濫用等具體問(wèn)題。最后一段總結(jié)指出需要仔細(xì)navigation（引導(dǎo)，處理）這些問(wèn)題。因此，主旨是探討LLMs帶來(lái)的倫理挑戰(zhàn)及應(yīng)對(duì)之道。A（描述LLMs的潛力）片面，B（討論LLMs的技術(shù)細(xì)節(jié)）非重點(diǎn)，D（主張完全禁止LLMs）過(guò)度且與文章觀點(diǎn)不符。2.A解析思路：文章第二段提到，LLMs的支持者認(rèn)為其能讓人類專注于更高層次的創(chuàng)造性、戰(zhàn)略性工作。這對(duì)應(yīng)了創(chuàng)造性和戰(zhàn)略性工作得以保留和提升。3.worsen解析思路：文章第二段“exacerbateexistingsocialinequalities”中，exacerbate意為使（問(wèn)題等）惡化或加劇。worsen與之意思相近。4.Acombinationoftechnicalsafeguards,ethicalguidelines,andinternationalcooperation解析思路：文章第四段提到，防止LLMs被濫用需要“technicalsafeguards（技術(shù)保障）,ethicalguidelines（道德準(zhǔn)則）,andinternationalcooperation（國(guó)際合作）”的多方面方法。5.ThepotentialformisuseofLLMscouldbeexploitedbymaliciousactorstounderminetrust,manipulatepublicopinion,andinciteviolence.解析思路：文章第四段明確指出，LLMs的潛在濫用可能被惡意行為者利用，以破壞信任、操縱輿論和煽動(dòng)暴力。其他選項(xiàng)或過(guò)于絕對(duì)，或文章未提及。6.Thebenefitsandchallengesofsustainableagriculture解析思路：文章首段提出可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)的概念及其好處，隨后分別討論了其對(duì)環(huán)境、土壤、生物多樣性、經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響，以及采納的挑戰(zhàn)。因此，文章主要討論可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)的益處與挑戰(zhàn)。7.Reducingrelianceonsyntheticfertilizersandpesticides解析思路：文章第二段提到，可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)通過(guò)減少對(duì)合成肥料和殺蟲(chóng)劑的依賴，以及采用輪作、覆蓋作物和綜合蟲(chóng)害管理等替代策略來(lái)保護(hù)環(huán)境。8.susceptible解析思路：文章第四段“vulnerabletopestsanddiseases”中，vulnerable意為易受攻擊的、易受影響的。susceptible與之意思相近。9.Thelackofaccesstoinformationandtechnicalsupportforfarmerstransitioningtosustainablepractices解析思路：文章第五段提到，可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)采納的主要挑戰(zhàn)之一是農(nóng)民缺乏過(guò)渡到可持續(xù)實(shí)踐的信息和技術(shù)支持。10.Sustainableagriculturecanleadtoreducedinputexpe