常用不規(guī)則動詞音標表及練習題引言在英語學習的道路上，動詞無疑是構建句子的核心。相較于規(guī)則動詞，不規(guī)則動詞的過去式和過去分詞變化并無固定規(guī)律可循，因此成為許多學習者在語法進階中的一個重點和難點。準確掌握這些常用不規(guī)則動詞的發(fā)音、形式及其用法，對于提升聽說讀寫能力至關重要。本文旨在為各位學習者提供一份實用的“常用不規(guī)則動詞音標表”，并輔以針對性的練習題，幫助大家系統(tǒng)學習和鞏固。音標采用英式發(fā)音標注，力求精準。希望這份資料能成為你英語學習旅程中的得力助手。一、常用不規(guī)則動詞音標表以下表格整理了日常學習和交流中使用頻率較高的不規(guī)則動詞，包含其原形、過去式、過去分詞及對應的英式音標和簡要中文釋義。建議學習者結合音標反復誦讀，加深記憶。原形(Infinitive)過去式(PastTense)過去分詞(PastParticiple)英式音標(BrEPhoneticSymbol)中文釋義:----------------:------------------:-------------------------:------------------------------:-------------arisearosearisen/??ra?z//??r??z//??r?zn/出現(xiàn)，升起bewas/werebeen/bi?//w?z//w??(r)//bi?n/是bearboreborne/born/be?(r)//b??(r)//b??n/承受，出生beatbeatbeaten/bi?t//bi?t//?bi?tn/打，打敗beginbeganbegun/b??ɡ?n//b??ɡ?n//b??ɡ?n/開始bendbentbent/bend//bent//bent/彎曲bitebitbitten/bit/ba?t//b?t//?b?tn//b?t/咬breakbrokebroken/bre?k//br??k//?br??k?n/打破bringbroughtbrought/br??//br??t//br??t/帶來buildbuiltbuilt/b?ld//b?lt//b?lt/建造burnburnt/burnedburnt/burned/b??n//b??nt//b??nt/燃燒buyboughtbought/ba?//b??t//b??t/買catchcaughtcaught/k?t?//k??t//k??t/抓住，趕上choosechosechosen/t?u?z//t???z//?t???zn/選擇costcostcost/k?st//k?st//k?st/花費cutcutcut/k?t//k?t//k?t/切dodiddone/du?//d?d//d?n/做drawdrewdrawn/dr??//dru?//dr??n/畫，拉drinkdrankdrunk/dr??k//dr??k//dr??k/喝drivedrovedriven/dra?v//dr??v//?dr?vn/駕駛eatateeaten/i?t//et//?i?tn/吃fallfellfallen/f??l//fel//?f??l?n/落下feedfedfed/fi?d//fed//fed/喂養(yǎng)feelfeltfelt/fi?l//felt//felt/感覺fightfoughtfought/fa?t//f??t//f??t/打架findfoundfound/fa?nd//fa?nd//fa?nd/找到flyflewflown/fla?//flu?//fl??n/飛forgetforgotforgotten/forgot/f??ɡet//f??ɡ?t//f??ɡ?tn/忘記forgiveforgaveforgiven/f??ɡ?v//f??ɡe?v//f??ɡ?vn/原諒freezefrozefrozen/fri?z//fr??z//?fr??zn/結冰getgotgot/gotten/ɡet//ɡ?t//ɡ?t//?ɡ?tn/得到givegavegiven/ɡ?v//ɡe?v//?ɡ?vn/給gowentgone/ɡ??//went//ɡ?n/去growgrewgrown/ɡr??//ɡru?//ɡr??n/生長hanghung/hangedhung/hanged/h??//h??//h??d//h??/懸掛/絞死havehadhad/h?v//h?d//h?d/有hearheardheard/h??(r)//h??d//h??d/聽見hidehidhidden/hid/ha?d//h?d//?h?dn//h?d/隱藏hithithit/h?t//h?t//h?t/打holdheldheld/h??ld//held//held/握住hurthurthurt/h??t//h??t//h??t/傷害keepkeptkept/ki?p//kept//kept/保持knowknewknown/n??//nju?//n??n/知道learnlearnt/learnedlearnt/learned/l??n//l??nt//?l??nd/學習leaveleftleft/li?v//left//left/離開lendlentlent/lend//lent//lent/借出letletlet/let//let//let/讓lielaylain/la?//le?//le?n/躺loselostlost/lu?z//l?st//l?st/丟失makemademade/me?k//me?d//me?d/制作meanmeantmeant/mi?n//ment//ment/意思是meetmetmet/mi?t//met//met/遇見paypaidpaid/pe?//pe?d//pe?d/支付putputput/p?t//p?t//p?t/放readreadread/ri?d//red//red/讀rideroderidden/ra?d//r??d//?r?dn/騎ringrangrung/r??//r??//r??/響riseroserisen/ra?z//r??z//?r?zn/升起runranrun/r?n//r?n//r?n/跑saysaidsaid/se?//sed//sed/說seesawseen/si?//s??//si?n/看見sellsoldsold/sel//s??ld//s??ld/賣sendsentsent/send//sent//sent/發(fā)送setsetset/set//set//set/設置sewsewedsewn/sewed/s??//s??d//s??n//s??d/縫shakeshookshaken/?e?k//??k//??e?k?n/搖晃shineshone/shinedshone/shined/?a?n//??n//?a?nd//??n/照耀shootshotshot/?u?t//??t//??t/射擊showshowedshown/showed/???//???d//???n//???d/展示shutshutshut/??t//??t//??t/關閉singsangsung/s??//s??//s??/唱sinksank/sunksunk/s??k//s??k//s??k//s??k/下沉sitsatsat/s?t//s?t//s?t/坐sleepsleptslept/sli?p//slept//slept/睡覺smellsmelt/smelledsmelt/smelled/smel//smelt//smeld//smelt/聞speakspokespoken/spi?k//sp??k//?sp??k?n/說spendspentspent/spend//spent//spent/花費standstoodstood/st?nd//st?d//st?d/站stealstolestolen/sti?l//st??l//?st??l?n/偷stickstuckstuck/st?k//st?k//st?k/粘strikestruckstruck/stricken/stra?k//str?k//?str?k?n/擊打sweepsweptswept/swi?p//swept//swept/掃swimswamswum/sw?m//sw?m//sw?m/游泳taketooktaken/te?k//t?k//?te?k?n/拿teachtaughttaught/ti?t?//t??t//t??t/教telltoldtold/tel//t??ld//t??ld/告訴thinkthoughtthought/θ??k//θ??t//θ??t/想throwthrewthrown/θr??//θru?//θr??n/扔understandunderstoodunderstood/??nd??st?nd//??nd??st?d/理解wakewoke/wakedwoken/waked/we?k//w??k//we?kt//?w??k?n/醒來wearworeworn/we?(r)//w??(r)//w??n/穿winwonwon/w?n//w?n//w?n/贏writewrotewritten/ra?t//r??t//?r?tn/寫二、學習建議與說明1.音標先行：表格中提供的音標以英式發(fā)音為參考。準確的發(fā)音是記憶單詞的基礎，也是提升聽力和口語的關鍵。建議學習者借助有聲詞典或發(fā)音軟件，仔細聆聽并模仿。2.對比記憶：許多不規(guī)則動詞的過去式和過去分詞形式相同（如`put-put-put`），或僅有細微差別，將它們歸類對比，有助于提高記憶效率。3.語境運用：單純記憶單詞表效果有限，應盡量在句子和篇章中學習和運用這些動詞。通過閱讀例句、進行漢譯英和英譯漢練習，加深理解和記憶。4.勤加練習：不規(guī)則動詞的掌握沒有捷徑，唯有通過大量練習，使其內(nèi)化為一種語感。5.循環(huán)復習：根據(jù)艾賓浩斯遺忘曲線，定期回顧和復習是鞏固記憶的有效方法。三、練習題練習一：用所給動詞的適當形式填空請根據(jù)句子語境，用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的正確形式（原形、過去式或過去分詞）填空。1.She_______(go)totheparkyesterdayafternoon.2.Ihavenever_______(see)suchabeautifulsunsetbefore.3.They_______(eat)dinneranhourago.4.He_______(break)hislegwhileplayingfootballlastweek.5.We_______(begin)tolearnEnglishwhenwewereinprimaryschool.6.Theletter_______(write)bymybrotheryesterday.7.She_______(bring)meapresentfromhertrip.8.I_______(know)himformanyyears.9.Thedoor_______(shut)