初二語法集錦第七講DreamYourDream/不定式用法總結(jié)=1\*ROMANI.IntroductionPeoplehavedifferentdreams…UP(飛屋環(huán)游記)II.WhatisInfinitive（不定式）?不定式基本形式為to+doTohelpthepoorisalwayshisdream.III.Infinitivesinsentences1.Assubjectofasentence.作句子主語。注意：1)不定式作主語，謂語動詞應(yīng)用三單形式。2)動名詞也可以作為句子主語。動名詞表示一種習(xí)慣性，重復(fù)發(fā)生的動作；而不定式有將來，一次性的含義。例如：Learningisimportant.Tofinishalltheworkwilltakealongtime.正因為不定式有未發(fā)生的含義，如果表示過去發(fā)生的事情，主語只能用動名詞。如：TalkingtoyouwasthemoststupidthingIhavedone.3)不定式作主語常置于句末，而用it代替其作形式主語，避免句子頭重腳輕。例： It’snoteasytolearnaforeignlanguagewell.=Tolearnaforeignlanguagewellisnoteasy.學(xué)好一門外語不容易。Itis+adj.+for(of)sb.todosth.介詞用for還是of關(guān)鍵看形容詞的性質(zhì)。若形容詞指人，則用of；指事情則用for。Exercise1：1._____toanothercitywasahardchoiceforher. A.MoveB.TomoveC.Moving2.It’snecessary______someEnglishgrammar.A.forusstudentstolearnB.forwestudentstolearnC.ofusstudentstolearnD.ofourstudentslearning參考答案：1.C2.A2.Aspredicativeofasentence.作句子表語。Whatyoushoulddoistoleavehereatonce.不定式前可以加疑問詞。Theproblemishowtodoit.3.Asobjectofasentence.作句子賓語，放于動詞后。Shewantstogotoamovie.作賓語的不定式用法，需要結(jié)合動詞固定搭配來記憶。1）有些動詞只能跟不定式作賓語，常見的有：want,decide,agree,wish,fail,hope等。有些動詞則只能接動名詞作賓語，如：finish,practise,enjoy,keep,bebusy等。2)有些動詞既可以接不定式作賓語，又可以接動名詞作賓語，兩者沒有明顯區(qū)別。如：liketodo/doing，begintodo/doing,starttodo/doing.3)有些動詞接不定式作賓語及動名詞作賓語意思上有明顯區(qū)別。如：stoptodosth.：停止一件事，去做另一件事。stopdoingsth.：停止正在做的事。forgettodosth.:忘記做某事。forgetdoingsth.:忘記做過某事。trytodo意思是“盡力做……”；trydoing意思是“嘗試著做某事”。meantodo打算、想meandoing意味著Exercise2：1.Myfatherissleepingsoundly,soItriedmybest______anynoise.A.notmakeB.tomakenotC.tomake

D.nottomake2.Weagree_____herebutsofarshehasn’tturnedupyet.A.havingmetB.meetingC.tomeetD.tohavemet3.—Thelightintheofficeisstillon.—Oh,Iforgot_______.

A.turningitoffB.turnitoff

C.toturnitoffD.havingturneditoff4.Goon________theotherexerciseafteryouhavefinishedthisone.

A.todoB.doingC.withD.tobedoing5.Onmywayhome,Istopped_______somefood.

A.buyB.tobuyC.buyingD.bought參考答案：1.D2.C3.C4.A5.B4.AsObjectComplement.作句子的賓語補(bǔ)足語，放在賓語后面。tell，ask，want，order，teach，invite，wish，get，help等詞后面常接不定式作賓補(bǔ)。即v.+sb.todosth.如：注意：其中help也可以用作helpsb.dosth.,兩者沒有明顯差異。let,make,have通常后面加省略to的賓補(bǔ)。Exercise3:1.Theteacheraskedus______somuchnoise.A.don’tmakeB.notmakeC.notmakingD.nottomake2.Theworkerswantus________togetherwiththem.A.workB.workingC.toworkD.worked參考答案：1.D2.C5.Asattributiveandusedafternouns.作定語，放在名詞后。6.Asadverbialadjunct.作句子狀語。a.目的狀語。b.原因狀語：放在sorry,glad,surprised,disappointed,excited等詞后面。c.結(jié)果狀語。Exercise4:1.Thenewsreportershurriedtotheairport,only______thefilmstarshadleft.A.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.told2.Shemadeacandle______uslight.A.giveB.gaveC.togive