英語總復(fù)習(xí)∶八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)語法填空(提高)知識(shí)講解及答案經(jīng)典一、八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)語法填空專項(xiàng)練習(xí)（含答案解析）1．語法填空

I'msittingoutsideGrandpa'spigeonloft（鴿子房）andwaitingforGoldietocomehome.I'mreallynervousaboutitbecauseI________（ask）todoanimportantjob.

GoldieisGrandpa'schampion（冠軍）racingpigeon.She'sfamousbecauseshe________（win）lotsofcups.Thismorningshehadarace—flewtwohundredmilesawaywithlotsofotherpigeons.Andnowshe________（race）backhome.

"Comeon,Goldie.Comeon,Goldie!"That'sme,callingGoldiebackhome.ButIcan'tseeheryet.

IreallywantGoldietowinthisrace.Iwant________giveGrandpathegoodnewswhenIseehimtonightinthehospital.Myeyessearchthebluesky，stillnosignofGoldie.

"Calmdown,Danny!"Itellmyself.

Butit'shardtobecalm.Thisjobisveryimportant.I'lltellyouwhy.

Beforetherace,they________（put）aringoneverypigeon'sleg.WhenGoldiecomesback,Iwillcatchhertotakeherringoff,asfast________Ican,andputitinalittlemetaltube（管子）,thenputthattubeinGrandpa'sspecialclock.ThatwillrecordthetimewhenGoldiefinishestherace.ItshouldbeGrandpa'sjob.Butwhilehe________（prepare）fortherace,hefellillsuddenlyandwassenttohospital.

Sothat'swhyI'mnervous,waitingforGoldie.I'mgettingmorenervouseveryminute,becauseGoldie________（be）herenow.Buttheskyisblueandempty.

"________（notworry）,"Itellmyself."Goldiealwayscomesback."Butwhereisshe?WhatwillItellGrandpa?

Iwaituntilit'snearlydark.Igiveup!ThenIlock________otherpigeonsintheloft.IhavetoseeGrandpatonightinthehospital.【答案】wasasked；haswon；isracing；to；put；as；waspreparing；shouldbe；Don'tworry；the【解析】【分析】文章大意：丹尼接到了一項(xiàng)重要的任務(wù)。等待著爺爺參加比賽的信鴿回家，可知怎么也等不來，天已經(jīng)黑了，他終于放棄了，晚上去醫(yī)院看爺爺了（1）句意：我真的很緊張，因?yàn)槲冶灰笞鲆豁?xiàng)重要的工作。我緊張的原因是別人讓我做一項(xiàng)重要工作，因此使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)是be+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞，根據(jù)句意可知，別人告知我作重要的工作發(fā)生在過去，應(yīng)使用使用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，主語是I，be動(dòng)詞用was，故答案是wasasked。（2）句意：它很出名是因?yàn)樗A了許多獎(jiǎng)杯。贏得獎(jiǎng)杯是出名的原因，也就是發(fā)生于過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響，因此使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語she是第三人稱單數(shù)，助動(dòng)詞have改為has，win的過去分詞是won，故答案是haswon。（3）句意：現(xiàn)在她正趕回家。根據(jù)

I'msittingoutsideGrandpa'spigeonloft（鴿子房）andwaitingforGoldietocomehome.可知此刻鴿子正在向家里趕，因此使用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)是be+v+ing形式，主語she是第三人稱單數(shù)，be的形式為is，故答案是isracing。（4）句意：當(dāng)爺爺今天在醫(yī)院見到我的時(shí)候，我想給他這和好消息。wanttodosth.想做某事，固定搭配，故答案是to。（5）句意：在比賽之前，他們?cè)诿恐圾澴拥耐壬戏帕艘粋€(gè)環(huán)。根據(jù)

Beforetherace可知，動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，句子時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)，put的過去式是put，故答案是put。???????（6）句意：當(dāng)戈?duì)柕匣貋淼臅r(shí)候，我會(huì)盡快地把她腿上的環(huán)取下來。as…assb.can，固定搭配，盡某人……的，故答案是as。???????（7）句意：但是，當(dāng)他準(zhǔn)備比賽的時(shí)候，他突然生病了，被送到了醫(yī)院。while后跟進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，根據(jù)

hefellillsuddenlyandwassenttohospital.???????可知，應(yīng)使用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行是的結(jié)構(gòu)是was/were+v+ing，主語he是單數(shù)，應(yīng)使用was，故答案是waspreparing。???????（8）句意：每一分鐘我會(huì)跟加緊張，因?yàn)楦隊(duì)柕蠎?yīng)該在這里。戈?duì)柕蠎?yīng)該在這里，卻偏偏沒有回來，所以我美國(guó)一分鐘就會(huì)更緊張，應(yīng)該，should，故答案是should。???????（9）句意：別擔(dān)心。這是作者勸慰自己的話，應(yīng)使用否定的祈使句，否定祈使句的結(jié)構(gòu)是dont+動(dòng)詞原形，故答案是Don'tworry。???????（10）句意：于是我把其他的鴿子鎖在了閣樓。theother，其他的，后跟名詞復(fù)數(shù)，表示其余全部，這里指的是除了戈?duì)柕现獾乃械镍澴?，故答案是the?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查詞匯在篇章中的運(yùn)用能力，答題時(shí)首先要跳過空格通讀文章掌握其大意，然后細(xì)讀文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考慮句型、語法、搭配、語境等因素。最后通讀一遍，檢查驗(yàn)證。2．閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，或填入括號(hào)中所給單詞的正確形式（最多限填3個(gè)單詞）。

Tomakeher100thbirthdayexcitingandspecial,SouthAfricanwomanHarwoodhadaskydive（跳傘）intheair,________

skydivewasnotenoughforher,Shewantedtomakeitevenmoreexcitingbydoingasharkcagedive（潛水）.

Withthehelp________anotherperson,shemadethejumponSaturdaynearthenorthofCapeTown.15family________（member）andfriendsingroupofthreewerealsointheairwithHarwood.________（wear）aredjumpsuit（跳傘服），Harwoodlookedveryyoung.Shesaiditwas________（wonder）toseealltheothersaroundher.Andthiswasher________（three）skydive.Shedidherfirstwhenshewas92yearsold.

Then,shedecided________（finish）heranotherwish--doingasharkdive.Itwasmuchmorenervousthanskydive,evenyoung________（man）wereafraidofdoingthat.Atthatday,she________（go）intoacage,andtheworkersputthecageinthewaterwithfishmeataroundit.Whensharkssmeltthefish,theywouldopen________bigmouthsandeatthefish,meat.Itwasreallydangerous.【答案】but；of；members；Wearing；wonderful；third；tofinish；men；went；their【解析】【分析】本文介紹了年邁的Harwood仍然對(duì)世界充滿了好奇，不斷挑戰(zhàn)自己去跳傘，潛水。（1）句意：為了讓她的100歲生日激動(dòng)人心和特別，南非婦女哈伍德進(jìn)行了跳傘運(yùn)動(dòng)（跳傘）在空中，但是一次跳傘對(duì)她來說是不夠的。根據(jù)skydivewasnotenoughforher，一次跳傘對(duì)她來說是不夠的和makeitevenmoreexciting讓它更令人興奮可知，此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折，故用轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but，但是，故填but。（2）句意：在另一個(gè)人的幫助下，她于周六在開普敦北部附近跳了起來。withthehelpof，在……的幫助下，固定搭配，故填of。（3）句意：15名三人一組的家庭成員和朋友也與哈伍德在一起。基數(shù)詞15后是名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故填members。（4）句意：穿著紅色跳傘服，哈伍德看起來很年輕。looked是謂語，故此處是非謂語動(dòng)詞，wear與harwood是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語，故填Wearing。（5）句意：她說看到她周圍的其他人真是令人驚奇。was是系動(dòng)詞其后是形容詞，wonder是動(dòng)詞，wonderful是形容詞，故填wonderful。（6）句意：這是她第三次跳傘。根據(jù)her是限定詞可知，此處是序數(shù)詞，three是基數(shù)詞，其序數(shù)詞是third，第三的，故填third。（7）句意：然后，她決定完成她的另一個(gè)愿望—潛水。decidetodo，固定搭配，決定做某事，故此處是不定式，故填tofinish。（8）句意：這比跳傘要緊張得多，甚至連年輕人都害怕這樣做。根據(jù)were可知主語是名詞復(fù)數(shù)，man的復(fù)數(shù)是men，故填men。（9）句意：那天，她走進(jìn)一個(gè)籠子，工人們把籠子放在水里，周圍有魚肉。根據(jù)Atthatday，可知時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)，go的過去式是went，故填went。（10）句意：當(dāng)鯊魚聞到魚的味道時(shí)，它們會(huì)張開他們的嘴吃魚和肉。這真的很危險(xiǎn)。mouths是名詞其前是形容詞性物主代詞，主語是they，故用their，它們的，故填their?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查語法填空，注意謂語的時(shí)態(tài)非謂語動(dòng)詞，連詞搭配等多種用法。3．按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號(hào)中詞語的正確形式填空（每空不多于2個(gè)單詞）

Marylivedinasmallvillage.Onemorning,herfathertookhertoher________（uncle）homeintown.Shehad________goodtimethere.BeforeMary________（leave）intheevening,herunclegaveherajar（罐子）andsaid,"There________somecandyinit.Youmayputyourhandintothejarandtakesomewhenyouwant________（eat）."

Marylookedatthejar________shewasonthetrain.Ithadalongandsmallneck.She________（put）herhandintothejarandwantedtotakefive________

（piece）.________shecouldn'tgetherhandout.Sheturnedherhandagain________again.Atlastsheletgooffourpieces.Thenshecouldpullherhandoutofthejar.【答案】uncle's；had；left；is；toeat；when；put；piece；But；and【解析】【分析】本文講述了Mary從罐子里拿糖，懂得了做人不能太貪婪的故事。（1）句意：一天早上，她父親帶她去了她叔叔在城里的家。根據(jù)uncle和home都是名詞，故其前是名詞所有格，故填uncle's。（2）句意：她在那里玩得很開心。描述過去用一般過去時(shí)，haveagoodtime，玩得開心，have的過去式是had，故填had。（3）句意：瑪麗晚上走之前，她叔叔給了她一個(gè)罐子，說里面有些糖果。描述過去用一般過去時(shí)，leave的過去式是left，故填left。（4）句意：瑪麗晚上走之前，她叔叔給了她一個(gè)罐子，說里面有些糖果。直接引語是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，candy是不可數(shù)名詞，故therebe中的be用is，故填is。（5）句意：你可以把手伸進(jìn)罐子里，想吃的時(shí)候拿一些。wanttodo，固定搭配，需要做歐式，故填toeat。（6）句意：瑪麗在火車上看著罐子。在火車上和look是同時(shí)發(fā)生的，故此處是時(shí)間狀語從句，故用引導(dǎo)詞when，當(dāng)......的時(shí)候，故填when。（7）句意：她把手伸進(jìn)罐子里，拿了一塊。過了一會(huì)兒，她把手伸進(jìn)罐子里，想拿五塊。描述過去用一般過去時(shí)，put的過去式是put，故填put。（8）句意：她把手伸進(jìn)罐子里，拿了一塊。過了一會(huì)兒，她把手伸進(jìn)罐子里，想拿五塊?；鶖?shù)詞five后是名詞復(fù)數(shù)，piece是名詞，故填piece。（9）句意：但她沒能把手伸出。根據(jù)handintothejar和couldn'tgetherhandout可知，伸進(jìn)去和拿不出來是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用but，但是，故填But。（10）句意：她一次又一次地把手轉(zhuǎn)過來。againandagain，一次又一次，固定搭配，故填and。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查語法填空，注意謂語的時(shí)態(tài)，非謂語動(dòng)詞，詞性，連詞搭配等多種用法。4．語法填空

MygrandfatherneverwatchedTV.Hethoughtthatpeoplespenttoomuchtime________

it.Someofhisfriends________

talkedaboutsportsshows,themoviesandplays.Mygrandfathersaidtohimself,"Theyneverread________booksorgooutintheevening."________

hedidn'tbuyaTV.

Twoyears________

mygrandfatherwas60yearsold.Hestopped________

inthehospital.MyfatherboughthimaTV.He________（開始）towatchallthenews.Heknows________

moreabouttheworldnow.Andhereadsmorebooks,too.

Now,mygrandfatherwillgetvery________

ifyoutroublehim（麻煩）

whenheiswatchingTV.Ican't

understand（明白）thatonecanchangehis________whenheis60.5．根據(jù)所給漢語或首字母提示，在空白處寫出單詞的正確形式。每空限填一詞。

Itwasthedayofthebigmatcha________

thecity'sbestschoolteam.Ourcouchsaidwecouldwin,butitwouldbe________

（困難）.Wewarmedupb________

thematch,butwedidnotspeakverymuch.Itwasveryimportantforusto________（打敗）theotherteam.

Intheearlypartofthematch,everythingwentbadly.Wemadesomem________

,andwewerenotcarefule________

withtheball.Athalftimethecoachtoldus,”Youarefasterthanthem,andyouhavegotagood________（機(jī)會(huì)）.Tryyourbestandyouwillwin.”Inthe________（二）half,weheardourfansc________,anditmadeustryevenharder.Intheend,we________（得分）andwewonthematch.6．閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~、或填入括號(hào)中所給單詞的正確形式。

Lastsummer,TinahadtostaywithAuntBetsyinCaliforniabecauseher________（parent）neededtoworkinanothercityforamonth.

TinaneversawAuntBetsy________soshewasalittlenervous.AuntBetsytoldherthe________inCaliforniawassunny,soTina________（take）someshortsandT-shirts.Sheaputsomebooksandmagazinesinherbagbecausesheliked________（read）.Herfavoritebookwereabouthorses.

Onthe________toAuntBetsy'shouse,Tinasawmanyhorsesonthefarm.Tinalikeditverymuchandshewishedshecouldhaveahorsesomeday.

Whenthey________（arrive）atAuntBetsy'shouse,Tinasawatallbrownhorse!

"Haveyou________（see）thebrownhorse?HernameisLucky.Usually,Ivisither________aweek,everySaturdayafternoonforanhour.Wecangoridingtogetherthisweekend,"saidAuntBetsy.

Tinafelthappyherauntandshehadthe________hobby.Itwasgoingtobeawonderfulvacation.7．【答案】except；mistakes；pretty；offered；basic；should；plenty；quickly；easier；last【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，作者的英語一開始很不好，在她的英語老師的幫助下，她的英語成績(jī)得到了很快的提高，作者非常感激她的英語老師。（1）考查介詞。句意：當(dāng)我上中學(xué)的時(shí)候，我擅長(zhǎng)很多科目除了英語。except“除了”，表示不包括在內(nèi)。根據(jù)下面的文意可知，作者不擅長(zhǎng)英語，故應(yīng)填except。（2）考查名詞。句意：英語對(duì)我們來說有點(diǎn)困難，而且我經(jīng)常在考試中犯錯(cuò)。mistake“錯(cuò)誤”，名詞。makemistakes固定短語，“犯錯(cuò)”，故答案為mistakes。（3）考查副詞。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，我的英語老師李老師相當(dāng)?shù)挠押?。pretty“相當(dāng)，非常”，副詞，修飾空后面的形容詞kind。故答案為pretty。（4）考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：她建議我買一本字典，還主動(dòng)的幫助我解決一些基礎(chǔ)的問題。offer“提供，提議”，動(dòng)詞，常用于句型offertodosth.“主動(dòng)提出去做某事”。這里的offer是和前面的advised并列的，做謂語動(dòng)詞，也應(yīng)用過去式，故填offered。（5）考查形容詞。句意：她建議我買一本字典，還主動(dòng)的幫助我解決一些基礎(chǔ)的問題。basic“基礎(chǔ)的，主要的”，形容詞，做定語，修飾后面的名詞problems。故答案為basic。（6）考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：李老師說我應(yīng)該大聲說英語，讀大量的英語書。should“應(yīng)該”，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，后面跟動(dòng)詞原形，表示給某人提建議。故答案為should。（7）考查固定短語。句意：李老師說我應(yīng)該大聲說英語，讀大量的英語書。plenty“大量，許多”，常用于短語plentyof，可以修飾可數(shù)名詞或者是不可數(shù)名詞。故答案為plenty。（8）考查副詞。句意：在她的幫助下，我的英語快速提高。quickly是詞，“快速地”，在句中做狀語，修飾動(dòng)詞improved。故答案為quickly。（9）考查形容詞。句意：對(duì)于我來說記單詞比以前更加容易了。easier是easy的比較級(jí)形式，'更容易的，更簡(jiǎn)單的"，因?yàn)榫渲杏衪han，表示現(xiàn)在和以前相比，所以用比較級(jí)。故答案為easier。（10）考查固定短語。句意：最后我成為了學(xué)校表演中的女主角之一。last“最后，終于”。atlast固定短語“最后，最終”。故答案為last?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及介詞、名詞、動(dòng)詞、副詞、形容詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、固定短語等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查。綜合性強(qiáng)，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。8．【答案】comes；met；became；reached；started；makes；wants；isgoingto/willtake；isgoingtowillmake；willcome【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文屬于記敘文閱讀，作者通過這篇文章向我們介紹了來自英國(guó)的朋友肯的經(jīng)歷。（1）句意：他來自英國(guó)倫敦。所給提示為come來，comefrom來自，主語為他，用第三人稱，故答案為comes（2）句意：五年前我在莉莉的派對(duì)上遇見了他。所給提示為meet遇見，根據(jù)前文Fiveyearsago可知此處用一般過去式，故答案為met（3）句意：然后我們成為了好朋友。所給提示為become成為，becomegoodfriends成為好朋友，根據(jù)前文可知應(yīng)用過去式，故答案為became（4）句意：肯和我同時(shí)到達(dá)了華盛頓。所給提示為reach到達(dá)，此處依然是在講五年前，因此用過去式，故答案為reached（5）句意：我們開始在同一所學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)醫(yī)學(xué)。所給提示為start開始，starttodo開始做某事，此處依然是在講五年前，因此用過去式，故答案為started（6）句意：他經(jīng)常編造一些有意思的故事讓我笑。所給提示為make，makeup編故事，根據(jù)前文的often可知用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故答案為makes（7）句意：他想成為一名演員。所給提示為want想要，他想成為一名演員，主語為第三人稱，因此用三單，故答案為wants（8）句意：當(dāng)他有空的時(shí)候他將上表演課。所給提示為take上課，takeactinglessons上表演課，結(jié)合句意可知此處應(yīng)該為將來時(shí)，故答案為isgoingto/willtake（9）句意：他將拍很多有趣的電影來使人們開心。所給提示為make，makemovies拍電影，這是他將來要做的事情，因此用將來時(shí)，故答案為isgoingtowillmake（10）句意：我相信他的夢(mèng)想會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)。所給提示為come，cometrue實(shí)現(xiàn)，此處指他的夢(mèng)想有一天會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)的，用將來時(shí)，故答案為willcome【點(diǎn)評(píng)】解答此類試題時(shí)，務(wù)必充分理解上下文的語境和前后文的邏輯關(guān)系，找到解題的依據(jù)，準(zhǔn)確作答．二、八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)閱讀理解專項(xiàng)練習(xí)（含答案解析）9．語法填空

Chinahasaverylonghistory.Ithasmanygreattraditionalskillsthathaveawideinfluence（影響）.Herewemainlytalkaboutkites.

TheearliestmentionofakiteinancientChinadatesbacktothe5thcenturyBC.Itwasmadeofwoodandusedasarescuesignal（求救信號(hào)）.

Atthetimebetween770and221BC,Chinesekiteswereactuallycalled"muyuan".TheywerefirstinventedinShandongProvinceformilitary

purposes（軍事目的）.ThekiteswereusedtosendimportantmessagesduringtheChu-HanWar（206—202BC）.DuringtheTangDynasty（618—907AD）,kitesweremadeoflightermaterials,suchasbamboo,silkandpaper.Atthattime,peoplebegantoflykitesforotherpurposes.Itwasbelievedthatlettinggoofthekitecouldremovebadluckandillness.

Today,kite-flyingisaninterestingandhealthyactivityinChina.Therearelargekite-flyingfestivalsheldthroughoutthecountry,andkitemakerscanshowofftheirskillsduringthefestivals.（1）AkitewasfirstmentionedinancientChina

.A.

inthe5thcenturyBC

B.

twothousandyearsagoC.

onethousandyearsago

D.

inthe4thcenturyBC（2）Between770and221BC,

.A.

kiteshadawideinfluence

B.

kiteswereusedasarescuesignalC.

kiteswereusedtosendfamilyletters

D.

kiteswereinventedformilitarypurposes（3）Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.

Kite-flyingisverypopularinChinatoday.

B.

Kite-flyingisagoodwaytoshowoffskills.C.

Kite-flyinghasaverylonghistory.

D.

Kite-flyingcanhelppeoplekeepfit.（4）Accordingtothepassage,wecansaythat

.A.

itisveryeasytoflyakiteB.

inordertohavegoodluck,wemustflyakiteC.

kiteshavebecomelightersincetheTangDynastyD.

inordertokeephealthy,wemustflyakiteeveryday【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文主要講述了風(fēng)箏在中國(guó)從古至今的發(fā)展過程。（1）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段提到的TheearliestmentionofakiteinancientChinadatesbacktothe5th

centuryBC.

可知，風(fēng)箏最早在公元前5世紀(jì)，在中國(guó)出現(xiàn)，故選A。（2）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段提到的heywerefirstinventedinShandongProvinceformilitary

purposes（軍事目的）.可知風(fēng)箏被用于軍事目的，故選D。（3）主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段說中國(guó)舉辦了很多風(fēng)箏比賽，可知風(fēng)箏在中國(guó)已經(jīng)很出名了，故選A。（4）推斷題。根據(jù)第三段提到的DuringtheTangDynasty（618—907AD）,kitesweremadeoflightermaterials,suchasbamboo,silkandpaper.

可知風(fēng)箏變得越來越輕，故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題和主旨題三種?？碱}型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。10．閱讀理解

SallyRidewasborninCaliforniain1951.ShewasthefirstAmericanwomantotravelintospace.Shelovedtoplaytennisandwantedtobeatennisplayerwhenshewasyoung.Butafterthreemonths'professional（專業(yè)的）training,shechangedhermind.ShewenttoStanfordUniversityandstartedtostudyscience.Shestudiedstarsandplanets.ShedidresearchesattheuniversityandgotherPhDinastrophysics（天體物理學(xué)博士學(xué)位）afterseveralyears'hardwork.

In1977,shetookatesttobecomeanastronaut.Andthenshewaspickedupfromover8,000people.Inordertorealizeherdreamofgoingintospace,shehadtogetdifferentkindsofspecialanddifficulttraining.Shelearnedhowtoflyaplane,howtojumpoutofaplaneaswellashowtooperate（操作）specialmachines.

SallyandfourotherastronautsflewaspaceshipcalledChallengeronJun.18,1983.ShebecamethefirstAmericanwomantotravelintospace.Later,shetaughtattheUniversityofCalifornia.Thenshewrotesevenbooksonspaceforchildren,encouragingchildrentostudyscience.Unfortunately,shediedin2012.（1）WhendidSallyRidegointospace?A.

In1951.

B.

In1977.

C.

In1983.

D.

In2012.（2）WhichisNOTtrueaboutSallyRide?A.

Shelearnedhowtoflyaplane.B.

Shelearnedhowtoproducemachines.C.

Shelearnedhowtojumpoutofaplane.D.

Shelearnedhowtousespecialmachines.（3）SallyRidetaughtattheUniversityofCalifornia

.A.

beforeshegotherPhDinastrophysics

B.

beforeshewenttoStanfordUniversityC.

aftershewrotebooksonspaceD.

aftershetravelledintospace（4）Whichisthebesttitle（題目）ofthepassage?A.

ThefirstAmericanwomanwriter.B.

ThefirstAmericanwomanastronaut.C.

ThefirstAmericanwomanteacher.D.

ThefirstAmericanwomanscientist.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D（4）B【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文介紹了第一位進(jìn)入太空的美國(guó)女士薩莉·賴德。年輕時(shí)她喜歡網(wǎng)球，想當(dāng)一名網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員。但是三個(gè)月的特殊訓(xùn)練后，她改變了主意，經(jīng)過幾年的學(xué)習(xí)，她獲得了天體物理學(xué)博士學(xué)位。1977年她參加宇航員考試，從8000多人中脫穎而出，經(jīng)過各種不同種類的特殊而且困難的訓(xùn)練，她學(xué)會(huì)了開飛機(jī)、跳傘、操作特殊的機(jī)器。1983年6月18日，她與其它四位宇航員一起乘坐挑戰(zhàn)者號(hào)宇宙飛船進(jìn)入太空，成為第一位進(jìn)入太空的美國(guó)宇航員。后來，她到加利弗尼亞大學(xué)教書，并為兒童寫了七本有關(guān)太空的書籍，鼓勵(lì)孩子們學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)。她于2012年不幸去世。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SallyandfourotherastronautsflewaspaceshipcalledChallengeronJun.18,1983.ShebecamethefirstAmericanwomantotravelintospace.莎莉和四個(gè)其它宇航員在1983年6月18日乘坐挑戰(zhàn)號(hào)宇宙飛船。她成為第一個(gè)到太空旅行的女人?？芍蛟?983年飛向太空的。故選C。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)

Shelearnedhowtoflyaplane,howtojumpoutofaplaneaswellashowtooperate（操作）specialmachines.她沒有學(xué)會(huì)生產(chǎn)機(jī)器，可知選項(xiàng)B錯(cuò)誤的，故選B。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ShebecamethefirstAmericanwomantotravelintospace.Later,shetaughtattheUniversityofCalifornia.

可知她去太空后去加利福尼亞大學(xué)教學(xué)。故選D。（4）題目歸納題。這篇短文介紹了美國(guó)的女飛行員莎莉一生的故事。故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】此題考查閱讀理解。關(guān)鍵信息定位法。這個(gè)主要是細(xì)節(jié)題，在文章中快速圈出數(shù)字，再找出目標(biāo)數(shù)字及相對(duì)應(yīng)的細(xì)節(jié)作息。推理題解題技巧，在理解原文字面意思的基礎(chǔ)上，通過對(duì)語篇邏輯關(guān)系的分析和細(xì)節(jié)的暗示，做出一定的判斷和推理，從而得到文章的深層意義及隱含意義的過程。主旨大意題解題技巧，根據(jù)文章的中心思想確定。11．閱讀短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

ComeandseetheIndianelephantsandthenewtigersfromAmerica.Thebearsarewaitingtomeetyou,andthemonkeysfromChinaarewaitingtothrowthingsatyou.ThelovelydogsfromAustraliaarewaitingtolaughatyou,andthegiraffesfromZambiaarewaitingtolookdownonyou.

Tickets

Adults:$2.00

Children:Over12$1.00

Under12Free

Openingtime:9:00a.m.-4:00p.m.

ExceptFriday:10:00a.m.-3:00p.m.

Attentions:Keepthezooclean.

Donottouch,givefoodorgoneartheanimals.（1）Howmanykindsofanimalsaretalkedaboutinthepassage?A.

Seven

B.

Six

C.

Five

D.

Four（2）NowMr.Smithisinthezoowithhissonaged10,howmucharetheticketstogether?A.

$2.00

B.

$3.00

C.

$4.00

D.

$1.00（3）Whichofthefollowingisthevisitingtime?A.

8:30a.m.Monday

B.

9:30a.m.Friday

C.

3:00p.m.Sunday

D.

5:00p.m.Tuesday（4）Fromthepassagewecanguesstheanimal"giraffe"mustbevery________.A.

fat

B.

long

C.

strong

D.

tall（5）Thispassageis________.A.

aposter

B.

news

C.

aletter

D.

astory【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）C（4）D（5）A【解析】【分析】主要講了動(dòng)物園的一些廣告信息。（1）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)ComeandseetheIndianelephantsandthenewtigersfromAmerica.Thebearsarewaitingtomeetyou,andthemonkeysfromChinaarewaitingtothrowthingsatyou.ThelovelydogsfromAustraliaarewaitingtolaughatyou,andthegiraffesfromZambiaarewaitingtolookdownonyou.可知有大象、老虎、熊、猴子、狗和長(zhǎng)頸鹿，六種動(dòng)物，故選B。（2）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Adults:$2.00Children:Over12$1.00

Under12Free可知成年人2美元，12歲以下的孩子免費(fèi)，12歲以上的孩子1美元，史密斯先生的兒子10歲，所以免費(fèi)，所以是2美元，故選A。（3）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Openingtime:9:00a.m.-4:00p.m.ExceptFriday:10:00a.m.-3:00p.m.可知開放時(shí)間是9:00a.m.-4:00p.m.，星期五10:00a.m.-3:00p.m.不開放，故選C。（4）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)thegiraffesfromZambiaarewaitingtolookdownonyou.可知長(zhǎng)頸鹿俯視你，所以長(zhǎng)頸鹿是高的，故選D。（5）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)全文可知是廣告信息，所以是海報(bào)，故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，主要考查細(xì)節(jié)題，注意從文中仔細(xì)尋找答案。12．閱讀理解

Howwespendourtimecanbedividedintothreegroups,or"jars".Thesewouldbethenecessarytasksjar,thevoluntarytasksjarandthehappinessjar.

Everyday,wespendtimefillingthenecessarytasksjar.Wefillthisjarwithusefulthings,likemakingmoney,housework,buyingfood.Wethenfillanotherjarwithvoluntarytasks.Thesearethingsthatwedoforothers,butwemaynotenjoythem,suchastakingchildrentoactivitiesandcookingfamilymeals.Thosejarsareveryimportant.Ifwedon'tfillthemeachday,ourfamilywon'tbehappy.

However,weoftenforgettofillthethirdjar---thehappinessjar.Thisisthejarthatwefillwithactivitiestomakeushappy.Isyourhappinessjarsometimesemptyattheendoftheday?Weallhavedayslikethat.Betweendoingallthenecessaryandvoluntarytasks,timefliesquicklyandbeforeweknowit,itistimeforbed.

Thatiswhyeachdaywetrytofillourhappinessjar.Mostdays,Ifillminebygoingtotheballroomdance（社交舞）classwithmyhusbandanddaughter.Betweenthemusic,thedancingandthefriendshipamongthestudents,IalwaysleaveclasseshappierthanwhenIentered.

Musicisanotherwaytomakemehappy.Thisweek,Iwasgladtotakepartinanorchestra（管弦樂隊(duì)）practiceatmychurch（教堂）.AsmallgroupofusmettopracticeChristmasmusicforachurchservice.Itwasatimeoffun,friendshipandmusicmaking.Attheendoftheevening,myhappinessjarwasfull.

Thisweek,thinkabouthowyouspentyourtime.Areyoudoingenoughactivitiesthatbringjoytoyourlife?Orarethenecessaryandvoluntarytaskseatingupallyourtime?Trytofindwaystoachieveabalance（獲得平衡）amongyourthreejars.Attheendoftheday,hopefullywe'vedoneallwecantomakesurethatourhappinessjarisfilled.（1）Howmanygroupscanwedivideourtimeinto?A.

One.

B.

Two.

C.

Three.

D.

Four.（2）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthewriter?A.

Sheisalwaysunhappywhenshegoestothedanceclub.B.

Shegoestotheballroomdanceclasstomakeherselfhappyeveryday.C.

Dancingandmusicarethetwousualwaysthatshemakesherselfhappy.D.

Shetakesherhusbandanddaughtertodanceclubinordertomakethemhappy.（3）Whatcanwedotofillthehappinessjaraccordingtothepassage?A.

Washclothes

B.

Watchafilm

C.

Mopthefloor

D.

Lookafterchildren（4）WhatcanweknowfromParagraph4and5?A.

Thewritertookaclassatchurchtopracticemusic.B.

Thewriterfindsfriendshipisimportantforherhappiness.C.

Thewriterwasinvitedtojoinanorchestraassheisgoodatsinging.D.

ThewriterwasgoingtolistentomusicatchurchatChristmas.（5）Thewriterwrotethisarticlemainlyto_______________.A.

tellreadershowtorelaxindailylifeB.

tellreadersthebestwaytousetheirtimeC.

remindreaderstotaketimetomakethemselveshappyD.

telltheimportanceofnecessaryandvoluntarytasks【答案】（1）C（2）C（3）B（4）B（5）C【解析】【分析】短文大意：主要講述我們花費(fèi)時(shí)間的方式可以分為三個(gè)罐子，分別是必要任務(wù)的罐子、自愿任務(wù)的罐子和幸福罐子。往往我們會(huì)忽視幸福罐。我們要找到方法平衡這三個(gè)罐子。一天結(jié)束下來，盡我們最大的努力確保我們的幸福罐是滿的。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Thesewouldbethenecessarytasksjar,thevoluntarytasksjarandthehappinessjar可知，可以分為三組，即必要任務(wù)的罐子、自愿任務(wù)的罐子和幸福罐子。故選C。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Ifillminebygoingtotheballroomdance（社交舞）classwithmyhusbandanddaughter.Betweenthemusic,thedancingandthefriendshipamongthestudents,IalwaysleaveclasseshappierthanwhenIentered以及Musicisanotherwaytomakemehappy可知，跳舞和音樂是兩個(gè)能讓她自己開心的方法，故選C。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Everyday,wespendtimefillingthenecessarytasksjar.Wefillthisjarwithusefulthings,likemakingmoney,housework,buyingfood.Wethenfillanotherjarwithvoluntarytasks.Thesearethingsthatwedoforothers,butwemaynotenjoythem,suchastakingchildrentoactivitiesandcookingfamilymeals可知A,CD三個(gè)都是任務(wù)罐，所以看電影屬于幸福罐子，故選B。（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)Betweenthemusic,thedancingandthefriendshipamongthestudents,IalwaysleaveclasseshappierthanwhenIentered以及Itwasatimeoffun,friendshipandmusicmaking.Attheendoftheevening,myhappinessjarwasfull可知，友誼對(duì)于她的幸福是重要的，故選B。（5）主旨大意題。本文主要講述我們花費(fèi)時(shí)間的方式可以分為三個(gè)罐子，分別是必要任務(wù)的罐子、自愿任務(wù)的罐子和幸福罐子。往往我們會(huì)忽視幸福灌。我們要找到方法平衡這三個(gè)罐子。一天結(jié)束下來，盡我們最大的努力確保我們的幸福灌是滿的。再根據(jù)Attheendoftheday,hopefullywe'vedoneallwecantomakesurethatourhappinessjarisfilled可知，提醒讀者讀者們花費(fèi)時(shí)間使他們自己開心，故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】此題考查閱讀理解。這篇短文涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意。對(duì)于細(xì)節(jié)理解題可知直接從短文中找出答案。對(duì)于推理判斷題要根據(jù)文章的細(xì)節(jié)，推理判斷問題的答案。對(duì)于主旨大意題，要根據(jù)文章的主題句或中心思想確定。13．閱讀理解

TomLongboathadalwaysbeenfast.HelearnedtorunasayoungboyontheSixNationsGrandRiverReserveinOntario,Canada.Heranalongdistanceeachdaytogettoschoolortovisithisfamilyandfriends.

SometimesrunningwastheeasiestpartofTomLongboat'slife.Asanaboriginal（土著的）athlete,lifewashardforhim.Otherpeopletriedtocontrolhowhetrainedandwhereheraced.Buthechosetodependonhisownspirit,mindandbody,andwouldneverbackdown.

TomLongboatwontheBoston-Marathonin1907withatimeof2hours,24minutesand24seconds,4minutesand59secondsfasterthantheworldrecord（紀(jì)錄）atthattime.TheBostonnewspapersaidhewasthemostexcellentrunnerwhohadspedovertheirroads.

HetookpartintheOlympicsandwonmanyinternationalmarathons.

Hisspiritliveson.Everyyear,thebestaboriginalathleteinCanadaisgiventheTomLongboatAward.（1）WherewasTomLongboatprobablyfrom?A.

Canada

B.

TheUS

C.

China.

D.

Australia.（2）HowwasTomLongboat'slifeasanaboriginalathlete?A.

Easy.

B.

Hard.

C.

Lucky.

D.

Funny.（3）HowlongdidittakeTomLongboattofinishtheBostonMarathonin19077?A.

2hours,19minutesand24seconds.

B.

2hours,29minutesand24seconds.C.

2hours,24minutesand24seconds.

D.

2hours,24minutesand29seconds.（4）WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueabouttheTomLongboatAward?A.

Itisgiveneveryyear.B.

TomLongboathadwontheaward.C.

Itisnamedafterafamousaboriginalathlete.D.

ItisgiventothebestaboriginalathleteinCanada.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】主要講了TomLongboat。（1）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)HelearnedtorunasayoungboyontheSixNationsGrandRiverReserveinOntario,Canada.可知TomLongboat來自加拿大，故選A。（2）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Asanaboriginal（土著的）athlete,lifewashardforhim.可知生活是困難的，故選B。（3）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)TomLongboatwontheBoston-Marathonin1907withatimeof2hours,24minutesand24seconds,4minutesand59secondsfasterthantheworldrecord（紀(jì)錄）atthattime.可知花費(fèi)了2小時(shí)24分鐘24秒，故選C。（4）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Everyyear,thebestaboriginalathleteinCanadaisgiventheTomLongboatAward.可知每年澳大利亞最好的土著運(yùn)動(dòng)員被授予TomLongboat獎(jiǎng)，而不是TomLongboat獲得TomLongboat獎(jiǎng)，故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，主要考查細(xì)節(jié)題，注意從文中仔細(xì)尋找答案。14．閱讀理解

Thereislittledoubtthathousecatsfirstdevelopednaturallyfromancientwildcats.ThecleverestrelativeistheAmericanwildcatwhichstilllivesinAfricatoday.ThisisunderstandablebecausethefirsthousecatscamefromAfrica.

CatsfirststartedtolivearoundpeopleinEgyptabout6,000~7,000yearsago.FromEgypt,catsstartedtomovearoundtheworld.Ataboutthesametime,Egyptiansbeganstoringgrain（谷物）inbuildings.Scientistsusedtobelievethatpeopletamedcatstocatchmiceandprotectthegrain.However,catsdon'tliketobetoldwhattodo!Now,scientistsbelievedthateatsfollowedthemiceandlearnedtoacceptpeople.Finally,someofthecatsbegantogrowcomfortablyaroundpeople.Theseweresmallercatsthatneededprotection.Asthesecatsandpeoplegotusedtoeachother,theymovedintogether.

Around5,000yearsago,eatsstartedtolivewithpeople.

SooncatswereinGreece,thenthe