2023年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)講練測

(2019年人教版)選修性必修三Unit3EnvironmentalProtectionⅠ.重點(diǎn)詞匯1.disposaln.

去掉;清除;處理【教材原句】Newruleswerealsointroducedregardingtourboatroutesandgarbagedisposalmethods.(P32)關(guān)于觀光游船路線和垃圾處理方法,引進(jìn)了新的規(guī)則。【詞塊必記】(1)disposable

adj.一次性的,用完即丟的adisposablepapercup 一次性紙杯(2)disposeof 清除,處理,處置【知識拓展】辨析

dispose/depositdispose v.布置,安排deposit v.放置;寄存;存款【知識微練】

完成句子①They_________________________________tolethimfindhisownwayhome.

他們把船長放在一條小船上,讓他自己想辦法回家。②Guestsmay__________________________________.

旅客可將貴重物品寄存在旅館的保險柜里。③Yourideaatleast______________________________.

你的主意至少解決了眼前的問題。depositedthecaptainintoasmallboatdeposittheirvaluablesinthehotelsafedisposesoftheimmediateproblem【典句賞析】

Inordertoprotecttheenvironment,weshouldtrynottousedisposablebags.為了保護(hù)環(huán)境,我們應(yīng)該盡量不使用一次性袋子。2.conservationn.對(環(huán)境、文物等)保護(hù);保持【教材原句】Theconstructionofwastewatertreatmentfacilitiesimprovedthewaterqualityandwaterconservation.(P32)廢水處理設(shè)施的建立改善了水的質(zhì)量并且節(jié)約了用水。【詞塊必記】(1)conserve

v.保存,保護(hù),節(jié)約conserveenergy/electricity 節(jié)約能源/用電(2)conservative adj.保守的,守舊的makeaconservativeestimate/guessat 對……做保守估計【知識微練】單句語法填空①Onemethodofsoil___________(conserve)istheuseofwindbreaks.②Ecotourismisatypeoftourismthat_________(conserve)theenvironment.

conservationconserves【典句賞析】

EnergyConservationisofvitalimportancetousbecauseoursocietyisfacingenergyshortage.節(jié)約能源對我們而言至關(guān)重要,因?yàn)槲覀兊纳鐣媾R能源短缺的問題。3.sustainvt.維持;遭受;承受住【教材原句】Withoutthisprocess,Earthcouldnotsustainlife.(P27)沒有這個過程,地球就不能維持生命?！驹~塊必記】sustaineconomicgrowth維持經(jīng)濟(jì)增長sustainadefeat/aninjury/aloss 遭受失敗/受傷/損失sustainable adj.可持續(xù)的,不破壞環(huán)境的【知識拓展】“環(huán)保”主題詞匯表達(dá)集錦sustainabledevelopment 可持續(xù)發(fā)展environmentallyfriendly 保護(hù)環(huán)境的recycled 可循環(huán)利用的reusable 可重復(fù)使用的【知識微練】完成句子①Thebranch______________________________anditbroke.

樹枝無法承受雪的重量而折斷了。②Thissmallamountoffood______________________________.

這點(diǎn)食物都不夠我們維持一個星期的。③He___________________________forstudyingFrench.

他沒能將學(xué)習(xí)法語的熱情一直保持下去。couldn’tsustaintheweightofsnowwillnotsustainusevenforaweekcouldn’tsustainhisenthusiasm【典句賞析】

Today,sustainabledevelopmentisapopulartrendinmanycountries.如今,可持續(xù)發(fā)展是很多國家的趨勢。Ⅱ.核心短語4.takeaction采取行動【典型例句】Firefighterstookactionimmediatelytostoptheblazespreading.消防隊(duì)員立即采取了行動制止大火蔓延?！驹~塊必記】inaction 在活動中,在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)中outofaction 失去作用,停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)put...sth.inaction 使……行動起來/使……開始工作/使……起作用【知識微練】單句語法填空①13soldierswerekilledand10wounded__action.②Wemusttake________(measure)topullthesickboyoutofdanger.inmeasures一句多譯是時候我們應(yīng)該采取措施阻止空氣被污染了。③It’shightimethatwe______________________________topreventtheairfrombeingpolluted.

④It’shightimethat__________________________________topreventtheairfrombeingpolluted.

shouldtakeaction/measures/stepsmeasures/steps/actionwere/wastakenⅢ.經(jīng)典句式5.ThereislittledoubtthatEarthisgettingwarmerandwarmer.毫無疑問地球正在變得越來越熱。

【句型公式】(1)Thereisnodoubt...毫無疑問,后接that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句或“about+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。(2)Thereissomedoubt意為“值得懷疑,不太確定”,后接whether引導(dǎo)的同位語從句或“about+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。(3)doubt作動詞時,其用法如下:①在否定句和疑問句中,doubt后面接that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。②在肯定句中,doubt后面一般接whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句?！局R微練】翻譯句子①毫無疑問的是,我們應(yīng)該采取措施來保護(hù)地球了。Thereisnodoubtthatweshouldtakeactiontoprotectourplanet.

②毋庸置疑的是,保護(hù)環(huán)境就是保護(hù)我們自己。Undoubtedly,protectingenvironmentisprotectingourselves.

【典句賞析】

Thereislittledoubtthatwehumanactivitieshaveagreatimpactonenvironment.毫無疑問,人類活動對環(huán)境有巨大的影響。【補(bǔ)充要點(diǎn)】1.releasevt.&n.排放,釋放,發(fā)布【教材原句】Theheatisreleasedbackintospaceatlongerwavelengths.(P27)熱量在長波中被釋放到太空。【詞塊必記】releasesmog 排放煙霧releasestress 釋放壓力releaseamovie/newversion 發(fā)行影片/發(fā)布新版本【知識微練】單句語法填空①Hearingthathehadpassedtheexam,hesighedin_____(release).②Physicalexerciseisagoodwayof________(release)stress.完成句子③Thefactory__________________,makingtheairdirty.

這座工廠不停地排放煙霧,污染了空氣。reliefreleasingkeepsreleasingsmog2.toleratevt.

忍受;容忍;容許【典型例句】Learninghowtotolerateothers’mistakesisamustifyouwanttogetalongwellwithothers.如果你想和別人友好相處,學(xué)會寬容別人的錯誤是必須的?！驹~塊必記】(1)tolerate(sb.)doingsth.容忍/忍受(某人)做某事(2)tolerant adj.寬容的;容忍的(3)tolerance n.寬容;容忍;忍受【知識拓展】“容忍”的多種表達(dá)tolerate/stand/bear/putupwith【知識微練】單句語法填空①Whenneighborswanttogetalongwellwitheachother,theyhavetoshowtheir________(tolerate).②Insteadofblamingthechildwhohadbrokenthevase,shegavehima_______(tolerate)smileandlethimgo.③Ican’ttolerate________(work)withKateinthesameoffice.Shejustrefusestostoptalkingwhilesheworks.tolerancetolerantworking【典句賞析】

Thosewhoknowhowtotolerateotherscannaturallyleadahappylife.懂得如何容忍別人的人自然會過著幸福的生活。3.restrictionn.

限制規(guī)定;限制法規(guī);約束【典型例句】①Restrictionsontradewerelifted.貿(mào)易限制被取消了。②Speedisrestrictedto30mphintowns.在城里車速不得超過每小時30英里?！驹~塊必記】(1)arestrictiononsth.關(guān)于……的限制(2)restrictsth.tosth. 把……限制在……【知識微練】單句語法填空①Accesstotheclubisrestricted__membersonly.②Thereisnorestriction___thenumberofpeople.toon【典句賞析】

Toimprovethequalityofeducation,werecommendrestrictingclasssizesto20students.為了提高教育質(zhì)量,我們建議把班級規(guī)模限制在20位學(xué)生之內(nèi)。4.submitv.提交;呈遞;屈服【典型例句】

AllapplicationsmustbesubmittedbyMonday.所有申請必須在周一前提交。【詞塊必記】(1)submitanapplication 呈遞申請submitto=givein 屈服;順從(2)submission n.遞交;順從【構(gòu)詞法】動詞變名詞相同規(guī)則的:permit→permission(允許)admit→admission(承認(rèn);錄取)【知識微練】單句語法填空①Theminorityshouldsubmit__themajority.②Wenormallyrespondtoarticle____________(submit)withinsixweeks.tosubmission(s)【典句賞析】

Pleasesubmityourreportstomebeforethedeadline.請?jiān)诮刂谷掌谥鞍褕蟾娼唤o我。5.Thesechemicalsledtoseverewaterqualityissues,causingadecreaseinthenumberoffishspecies.

這些化學(xué)物質(zhì)導(dǎo)致了嚴(yán)重的水質(zhì)問題,造成了魚的品種數(shù)量的減少?！揪湫凸健縞ausingadecrease...為現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語?，F(xiàn)在分詞和動詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語的區(qū)別(1)Theearthquakehitthearea,causingagreatlossineconomy.(現(xiàn)在分詞表示自然而然的結(jié)果)(2)Hegotupearlytocatchtheearlybus,onlytofindthatthebushadleft.(動詞不定式表示意料之外的結(jié)果)【知識微練】單句語法填空①Thereismudandwatereverywhere,_______(make)itdifficulttotravelfromplacetoplace.②Hehurriedtothestation,only_________(tell)thatthetrainhadalreadyleft.

makingtobetold【典句賞析】

Sheopenedthedoor,onlytofindthatitwasherlonglostfriendstandinginfrontofher.她開門后驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)她失散多年的朋友站在她面前。IV.話題寫作近年來霧霾(haze)頻發(fā),已經(jīng)嚴(yán)重地影響了人們的生活。假定你是李華,請根據(jù)以下提示用英語給校報寫一封信,談?wù)勀銓F霾現(xiàn)象的認(rèn)識。

1.霧霾危害;

2.應(yīng)對措施和建議。注意:1.詞數(shù)80左右;2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。Step1寫作技巧1.詞匯提升(一句多譯)我國霧霾頻發(fā),給我們的生活造成了極大的危害。(1)SeverehazeweatherhasfrequentlyoccurredinChina,which____________________people’shealth.

(2)SeverehazeweatherhasfrequentlyoccurredinChina,which________________people’shealth.

(3)SeverehazeweatherhasfrequentlyoccurredinChina,which________________people’shealth.

hasdonegreatharmtoisquiteharmfultoisofgreatharmto2.句式升級(1)只有用這種方法,我們才能把我們自己從霧霾中拯救出來。(倒裝句)_________________________________fromthehaze.

(2)政府有必要提高人們的環(huán)保意識。(Itis+adj.+forsb.todosth.)