WELCOMEUNIT第一部分“高考話題”題型組合練(十一)語言及語言學(xué)習(xí)的規(guī)律和方法題組43Ⅰ閱讀(2025·新疆石河子第一中學(xué)高三月考)Haveyoueverfoundyourselfinthissituation:Youhearasongyouusedtosingwhenyouwereachild—abitofnostalgia(懷舊)or“blastfromthepast”，aswesay.Butitisnotadistantchildhoodmemory.Thewordscomebacktoyouasclearlyaswhenyousangthemallthoseyearsago.ResearchersattheUniversityofEdinburghstudiedtherelationshipbetweenmusicandrememberingaforeignlanguage.Theyfoundthatrememberingwordsinasongwasthebestwaytorememberevenoneofthemostdifficultlanguages.Hereiswhattheydid.Researcherstook60adultsandrandomlydividedthemintothreegroupsof20.Thentheygavethegroupsthreedifferenttypesof“l(fā)isten-and-repeat”learningconditions.Researchershadonegroupsimplyspeakthewords.Theyhadthesecondgroupspeakthewordstoarhythm,orbeat.Andtheyaskedthethirdgrouptosingthewords.AllthreegroupsstudiedwordsfromtheHungarianlanguagefor15minutes.Thentheytookpartinaseriesoflanguageteststoseewhattheyremembered.WhyHungarian,youmayask?ResearcherssaidtheychoseHungarianbecausenotmanypeopleknowthelanguage.ItdoesnotshareanyrootswithGermanicorRomancelanguages,suchasItalianorSpanish.Afterthetestswereover,thesingerscameoutontop.ThepeoplewholearnedthesenewHungarianwordsbysingingthemshowedahigheroverallperformance.Theydidthebestinfouroutoffiveofthetests.Theyalsoperformedtwotimesbetterthanthosewhosimplylearnedthewordsbyspeakingthem.DrKatieOverysayssingingcouldleadtonewwaystolearnaforeignlanguage.Thebrainlikestorememberthingswhentheyarecontainedinacatchyormemorabletune.DrLudkesaidthefindingscouldhelpthosewhostruggletolearnforeignlanguages.OntheUniversityofEdinburgh'swebsiteDrLudkewrites,“Thisstudyprovidesthefirstexperimentalevidencethatalisten-and-repeatsingingmethodcansupportforeignlanguagelearning,andopensthedoorforfutureresearchinthisarea.”篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，聽和重復(fù)唱歌是學(xué)習(xí)外語的好方法。1．The“song”mentionedinthefirstparagraphisintendedto________．A．recallthepastB．a(chǎn)musethereadersC．introducethetopicD．comparethepastwiththepresent解析：推理判斷題。第一段舉例說明人們都清楚地記得兒時(shí)唱歌的歌詞，第二段介紹了音樂和記憶外語單詞之間的關(guān)系。由此可推知，第一段提到“歌曲”旨在引出話題。故選C。2．What'scorrectaboutthestudyundertakenbytheresearchersattheUniversityofEdinburgh?A．Altogethertwentyadultsweretestedinthestudy.B．Peopleinthe3rdgroupperformedaswellastheother2groups.C．Peopleinthe2ndgroupwereaskedtospeakthewordstoabeat.D．Inthestudy60adultsweredividedinto3groupsaccordingtoabilities.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Theyhadthesecondgroupspeakthewordstoarhythm,orbeat.”可知，第二組的人被要求隨著節(jié)拍說出單詞。故選C。3．Fromthelasttwoparagraphs,wecanconcludethat________．A．singingisthebestwaytolearnaforeignlanguageB．brainprobablyworksbestwhenforeignlanguagelearnerssingthewordsC．a(chǎn)listen-repeatmethodisveryeffectiveforanylanguagelearnerD．DrKatieOveryandDrLudkedisagreewitheachother解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Thebrainlikesto...memorabletune.”和最后一段中的“Thisstudyprovides...inthisarea.”可推知，當(dāng)外語學(xué)習(xí)者唱出單詞時(shí)，大腦可能工作得最好。故選B。4．Inwhichsituationcanthefindingoftheresearchbeapplied?A．Amotherisgoingtoteachherbabyhowtospeak.B．Achildisgoingtohavehisfirstmusiclesson.C．AstudentisgoingtolearnanewEnglishsong.D．AnAmericanisgoingtolearnsomeChinese.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Thisstudyprovides...inthisarea.(這項(xiàng)研究提供了第一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)證據(jù)，證明聽和重復(fù)唱歌的方法可以支持外語學(xué)習(xí)，并為該領(lǐng)域的未來研究打開了大門。)”可知，此項(xiàng)研究對于外語學(xué)習(xí)者非常有用。由此可推知，一個(gè)美國人要學(xué)漢語可以采用此方法。故選D。(2025·江蘇省蘇州市新草橋中學(xué)高三月考)Ifawordissaidorlookedatsteadilyforsomelittletime,itwillbefoundtotakeonacuriouslystrangeandforeignaspect.Thisisaphenomenoncalledsemanticsatiationthataffectsourunderstandingofwordswhentheyarementionedtoooften.ThetermwascreatedbypsychologistLeonJames.Heconductedseveralexperimentstoexplorehowtheconceptaffectsourthinkingandfoundthatitisakindoftirednesscalledreactiveinhibition(反應(yīng)性抑制).Whenabraincellfires,ittakesmoreenergytofireafterwards,andfinallyitwon'tevenrespondunlessyouwaitafewseconds.Forexample,“BlackFriday(ashoppingday)”isnolongerasappealingasitoncewas.We'verepeated“BlackFriday”somuchthatitisnowasindistinctasthepackagesofcommonWal-Martstringcheesethatyougopasthurriedlyonyourwaytoargueoverahalf-pricevegetablesteamerat3am.Hence,marketersarereconsideringtheirsalesstrategies.Oneexperimentheconductedsoughttoexplorewhethersemanticsatiationcouldbeusedtolessenstuttering(口吃).Hehadanassistantcallastutteringparticipantandtheytalkedonthephoneforoneminute,creatingasituationthatincreasedanxietyastherewerenoalternativemeansofcommunicationfortheparticipantotherthanspeaking.Tenminuteslater,theassistantcalledagain.Andthecyclewasrepeated10timesthroughouttheday.Thegoalwastoinduce(誘發(fā))semanticsatiationinthestutteringparticipantrelatedtotheemotionofthestress-inducingphonecall.Andhesaysitworked.Anywordcanbethevictimofsemanticsatiation,buttheamountoftimebeforewordslosemeaningcanvary,withwordsthatcandrawoutstrongemotionstakinglongerduetothebraincyclingthroughotherassociationswiththewords.Onestudyshowedthatwhenpresentedwithatone,thesleepingcatimmediatelywokeup.Butastheyplayedthetoneagainandagain,thecattooktimetowakeupeachtime,untilitkeptonsleeping.Butwhenthetonewasvariedslightly,thecatwokeupimmediately.Therefore,whenteachersassignwordmemorizationexercisestostudents,itiswisetoavoidrepetitivememorizationorthewordswillbecomemeaninglesstostudents.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹語義飽和的現(xiàn)象，即當(dāng)一個(gè)詞被頻繁提及時(shí)，它會影響我們對它的理解。5．Whichofthefollowingcanbestexplain“semanticsatiation”？A．It'sakindofseriouslanguagelearningdisability.B．It'sareflectionofthesubjectivenatureoflanguage.C．It'sapracticeofrearrangingletterstoformnewwords.D．It'sanoccurrencearisingfromtherepetitionofwords.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段(如果一個(gè)詞被說出來或被注視一小段時(shí)間，就會發(fā)現(xiàn)它呈現(xiàn)出一種奇怪而陌生的面貌。這是一種被稱為語義飽和的現(xiàn)象，當(dāng)一個(gè)詞被頻繁提及時(shí)，它會影響我們對它的理解。)可知，語義飽和是一種由單詞的重復(fù)引起的現(xiàn)象。故選D。6．Howdoessemanticsatiationaffect“BlackFriday”accordingtothetext?A．Peoplelosetheircrazefor“BlackFriday”．B．PeoplestartbuyingWal-Martstringcheese.C．Peoplemerelyshowinterestingoodsonsale.D．Peoplemakethebestofsomeshoppingstrategies.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，“黑色星期五”不再像以前那樣吸引人，即人們對“黑色星期五”失去了狂熱。故選A。7．What'stheresultoftheexperimentinvolvingastutteringparticipant?A．Theparticipant'sstutteringimproved.B．Theparticipant'sstutteringwascured.C．Theparticipantbecamemorestressed.D．Theparticipantfailedtocommunicate.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Oneexperimenthe...lessenstuttering(口吃)．”和“Thegoalwasto...itworked.”可推知，口吃參與者的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果是減輕了口吃，即口吃得到改善。故選A。8．What'stheimplicationofthecatexperimentonteachers?A．Deliveringclassesinacleartone.B．Employingvariationsinwordexercises.C．Highlightingtheimportanceofthewordmeaning.D．Encouragingstudentstogetupearlyinthemorning.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Onestudyshowedthat...becomemeaninglesstostudents.”可推知，對老師來說，對于貓的實(shí)驗(yàn)意味著老師在給學(xué)生練習(xí)記憶單詞的時(shí)候，要避免重復(fù)，強(qiáng)調(diào)變化。故選B。(2025·四川省樂山市樂山一中高三月考)IntheRomantimesandthroughouttheMiddleAges,saltwasavaluablecommodity(商品),andalsoservedas“whitegold”.SoldiersintheRomanarmyweresometimespaidwithsaltinsteadofmoney.Theirmonthlyallowancewascalled“salarium”(“sal”beingtheLatinwordforsalt).ThisLatinrootcanberecognizedintheFrenchword“salaire”anditeventuallymadeitintoEnglishastheword“salary”．Languageissomethingwetakeforgranted.However,astheexamplewiththeword“salary”shows,languagesarenotstatic.Likebiologicalspecies,languageschangeovertime,andsometimesdeveloptogiverisetoseveraldescendant(后代)languages.Forexample,French,Italian,andSpanishareamongthelanguagesthathaveevolvedfromLatin.Andlikespecies,languagescangoextinct,too.Givenallthesesimilarities,linguists(語言學(xué)家)whostudytheevolutionoflanguagesoftenusetoolsthataresimilartothoseusedbyevolutionarybiologists.Onesuchtoolisthereconstructionofaspeciestree.Suchatreeshowstheevolutionaryhistoryandrelationshipswithinagivengroupofbiologicalspecies.Usingareconstructedspeciestree,evolutionarybiologistscanofteninferspecificcharacteristicsofancestralspecies.Ortheycanmatchupcommonancestorsinthetreewithactualfossilsthathavebeenfoundbypaleontologists(古生物學(xué)家).Thisallowsthemtoputrealdatesatvariousbranchingpointsinthetree.Thus,speciestreereconstructionisanessentialtoolinstudyingbiologicalevolution.Asimilartechniquecanbeusedtostudylanguageevolutionbecauselanguagesalsoevolveandconsistofwordsthatcanbeeasilycompared.Indeed,linguistshavereconstructedentirelanguagetrees.Andaswithspeciestrees,characteristicsofancientancestrallanguagescanbederived(衍生)fromthem.Ofcourse,therealsoaresomedifferencesbetweenspeciesevolutionandlanguageevolution,eachrequiringuniqueadditionalmethodstostudythemindetail.But,overall,itisfascinatingtoseehowthebasicideasandresearchtoolsoflanguageevolutionaresimilartothoseofbiologicalevolution.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了語言進(jìn)化與生物進(jìn)化有眾多相似之處，語言學(xué)家從研究自然物種演變的“物種樹”中獲取靈感，創(chuàng)建了“語言樹”。9．Whydoestheauthormentiontheword“salary”inParagraph1?A．Toillustratetheevolutionoflanguage.B．TopresenttheeffectofLatinonlanguages.C．Tostressthevalueofsaltinancienttimes.D．Toshowdevelopmentsinlinguistictheory.解析：推理判斷題。第一段介紹了英語中的“salary”一詞的由來。下文介紹了語言進(jìn)化同物種進(jìn)化之間的相似性，這種相似性啟發(fā)語言學(xué)家創(chuàng)建類似于物種樹的語言樹，幫助推進(jìn)語言研究。由此可推知，作者在第一段提及“salary”是為了說明語言在不斷演變。故選A。10．WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?A．Culturaldiversityandbiodiversityarelinked.B．Speciesandlanguageshavealotincommon.C．Human-causedmassextinctionisaccelerating.D．Languagesinfluenceandlearnfromeachother.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Likebiologicalspecies...languagescangoextinct,too.”可知，就像生物物種一樣，語言會隨著時(shí)間的推移而變化，有時(shí)會產(chǎn)生幾種后代語言。并且，就像物種一樣，語言也會滅絕。由此可推知，物種和語言有很多相似之處。故選B。11．Whatcanweknowaboutthereconstructedspeciestree?A．Itiscurrentlyinthedesignstage.B．Itfacilitatestheresearchoflinguists.C．Itcanbeusedinavarietyofways.D．Itisthefirstchoiceforbiologists.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Thus,speciestree...biologicalevolution.”及第五段中的“Asimilartechnique...beeasilycompared.”可知，物種樹重建的技術(shù)可以用于研究語言進(jìn)化，由此可知，它促進(jìn)了語言學(xué)家的研究。故選B。12．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TheLanguageSystemEvolvedOverTimeB．TheTwinExtinctionsofSpeciesandLanguagesC．SaltPlayedaCrucialRoleinEarlyHumanHistoryD．FromSalttoSalary:LinguistsTakeaPagefromBiology解析：標(biāo)題判斷題。作者在第一段以英語中“salt”的例子說明語言在進(jìn)化，下文介紹物種和語言有很多相似之處，物種樹啟示語言學(xué)家創(chuàng)建語言樹來推動語言的研究。D項(xiàng)(從Salt到Salary：語言學(xué)家借鑒生物學(xué))最適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選D。Ⅱ應(yīng)用文寫作(2025·浙江省金華市高三一模)你校上周舉辦了主題為“EmbraceEnglish,ShowOurselves”的英語周系列活動。請你寫一篇短文向校英文報(bào)投稿，內(nèi)容包括：1．你印象最深的一個(gè)活動；2．你的感想。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個(gè)左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3．標(biāo)題已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。EmbraceEnglish,ShowOurselves﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍[精彩范文]EmbraceEnglish,ShowOurselvesLastweekwitnessedhugesuccessofourschool'sEnglishWeekthemed“EmbraceEnglish,ShowOurselves”.Amongthemanyevents,theonethathasleftalastingimpressiononmeisthe“EnglishDramaNight”.StudentsfromdifferentclassesgroupedtogethertoperformEnglishplays,rangingfromclassicShakespeareantragediestocontemporarypieces.Iwasnotonlyimpressedbymyfellowstudents'excellentcommandoftheEnglishlanguage,butalsodeeplymovedbytheirvividportrayalofthecharacters.TheweekservesasareminderthatlearningEnglishisnotjustaboutmasteringgrammarandvocabulary.Itisalsoaboutself-expression.Now,I'mmoremotivatedthanevertocontinueimprovingmyEnglishtobringoutthebestinmyself.Ⅲ讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。(2025·湖北省黃岡市育才高級中學(xué)高三模擬)YoungMartinfromAmericahadalwaysdreamtofvisitingsomesmalltownsofItaly.Finally,hesavedenoughmoneyandsetoffonhisjourneyalone,filledwithexpectationfortheexperiencesthatawaitedhim.Uponhisarrivalatasmalltown,Martinfoundasmallhotelanddecidedtocheckin.HewasreceivedbythehotelownerEmma,anelderlylocalwomanwhoonlyspokeItalian.Fortunately,heknewalittleItalianandfinallysettledinhiscomfortableroom.ThedayswentsmoothlyandMartinwasamazedbythebeautyofthesmalltown.WhatmadehisstaymorepleasantwasEmma'skindnessandgenerosity.Thoughsheseldomtalkedwithhim,sheshareddeliciousfoodwithhimandreallycaredabouthim.Martinfeltluckyandgratefulthathehadmetsuchakindlocal.Actually,Martin'spresencemadeEmmahappyaswell.However,thepeacewasbrokenonthelastdayofMartin'sstay.Hewasoutinthemorningandatlunchtimecouldn'tfindhisbaghealwayscarriedwithhim.Hegotworriedasthebagcontainedhispassportandmoney.Hesearchedeveryplacehehadbeento,butcouldn'tfindhisbag.Hewenttothelocalpolicestationbecausehethoughtthosewhofoundhisbagwithapassportinitmighthandittothepoliceofficers.However,thelanguagebarrierposedabigchallenge.HislimitedItalianandthepoliceofficers'littleknowledgeofEnglishmadethecommunicationdiscouragingandconfusing.Hiseffortsdidn'tpayoff.Martindidn'treturntothehoteluntilthenightfell.Emmawasrelievedtoseehimback,butsoonnoticedhedidn'tcarryhisblack-and-whitebag.FromhisbrokenItalianandbodylanguage,shelearnedhehadlostit.注意：1．續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個(gè)左右；2．請按