徐州市中醫(yī)院血管外科外語應(yīng)用能力考核一、選擇題（每題2分，共20題）1.Whichofthefollowingtermsbestdescribestheconditionofabnormalbloodvesseldilation?A.AneurysmB.ThrombosisC.EmbolismD.Arteriosclerosis2.InEnglish,whatisthestandardtermfor"動脈硬化"(atherosclerosis)?A.ArterialhardeningB.VascularstiffeningC.AtherosclerosisD.Vesselcalcification3.Whichoftheseisthecorrectmedicaltranslationfor"下肢深靜脈血栓形成"(deepveinthrombosisofthelowerextremity)?A.DeepveinthrombosisofthelowerlimbB.LowerextremitydeepveinocclusionC.VenousthrombosisofthelegsD.Arterialthrombosisofthelowerlimbs4.Whatdoestheabbreviation"PAD"standforinvascularsurgery?A.PeripheralarterydiseaseB.PulsedarterialdilationC.PrimaryarterydisorderD.Pressurearterialdilation5.Themedicalterm"venousinsufficiency"refersto:A.BloodclotintheveinB.PoorbloodflowintheveinsC.ValvemalfunctionintheveinsD.Arterialblockage6.Whichofthefollowingisacommonsymptomofchronicvenousinsufficiency?A.SuddenlegpainB.SwollenanklesC.BlueishskindiscolorationD.Feverinthelegs7.WhatistheEnglishtermfor"血管腔內(nèi)超聲"(intra-vascularultrasound)?A.VascularultrasoundimagingB.IntravascularechographyC.BloodvesselechotestD.Endovascularsonography8."Endovascularstentplacement"inEnglishis:A.StentimplantationviathevascularlumenB.ExternalstentapplicationC.OpensurgicalstentingD.Percutaneousstentinsertion9.Whichtermdescribestheconditionwhereabloodclottravelsfromonepartofthebodytoanother?A.ThrombophlebitisB.EmbolismC.AneurysmruptureD.Arterialdissection10.Whatisthestandardmedicaltermfor"間歇性跛行"(intermittentclaudication)?A.PeriodiclegweaknessB.IntermittentclaudicationC.TemporarylegparalysisD.Recurrentlegcramps二、填空題（每題2分，共10題）1.Theprocessofformingabloodclotwithinabloodvesseliscalled________.2.Asurgicalproceduretorepairadamagedbloodvesselistermed________.3.Themedicaltermfor"腹主動脈瘤"(abdominalaorticaneurysm)is________.4.________istheconditionwhereabloodvesselwallweakensandbulges.5.Thetermfor"腔內(nèi)動脈粥樣硬化"(intra-vascularatherosclerosis)is________.6.________referstotheuseofacathetertoremovebloodclots.7.Acommoncomplicationofdeepveinthrombosisis________.8.Themedicalnamefor"血運重建術(shù)"(revascularizationsurgery)is________.9.________isthetermforthenarrowingofarteriesduetoplaquebuildup.10.Theabbreviation"DVT"standsfor________inmedicalcontexts.三、簡答題（每題5分，共5題）1.Explainthedifferencebetween"thrombosis"and"embolism"insimpleterms.2.Describethepurposeof"venousvalvesurgery"intreatingchronicvenousinsufficiency.3.Whatarethekeysymptomsof"peripheralarterydisease,"andhowwouldyouexplainthemtoapatientinEnglish?4.Brieflyexplainwhat"endovascularrepair"meansinthecontextofvascularsurgery.5.Whyis"multidisciplinarymanagement"importantforpatientswithcomplexvascularconditions?四、翻譯題（每題10分，共5題）1.TranslatethefollowingmedicaldescriptionintoEnglish:"患者因右下肢深靜脈血栓形成導(dǎo)致活動受限，需行導(dǎo)管溶栓治療。"2.Translatethedescriptionof"腹主動脈瘤"intoEnglish:"患者出現(xiàn)腰背部疼痛，超聲檢查提示腹主動脈瘤可能，建議行腔內(nèi)修復(fù)術(shù)。"3.Translate"間歇性跛行"intoEnglishandexplainitsclinicalsignificancebriefly.4.Translatethemedicalnote:"患者術(shù)后出現(xiàn)下肢腫脹，考慮深靜脈血栓形成，需緊急超聲檢查。"5.Translatetheterm"血管腔內(nèi)介入治療"intoEnglishanddescribeitscommonapplications.五、病例分析題（每題15分，共2題）1.A65-year-oldmalepatientpresentswithlegpainandswelling.Hismedicalhistoryincludesdiabetesandhypertension.Physicalexaminationrevealsdiminishedpulsesintherightlowerextremity.Ultrasoundshowsa5-cmaneurysminthefemoralartery.-TranslatethekeyfindingsintoEnglish.-WhatwouldbeyourinitialmanagementplaninEnglish?2.A70-year-oldfemalepatientwithahistoryofDVTisadmittedforsuddenshortnessofbreathandchestpain.ECGshowssignsofpulmonaryembolism.-Translatethepatient'sconditionintoEnglish.-DescribetheemergencytreatmentstepsinEnglish.答案與解析一、選擇題答案與解析1.A.Aneurysm-解析：Aneurysm（動脈瘤）是指血管壁局部擴(kuò)張，符合"異常血管擴(kuò)張"的定義。其他選項分別指血栓形成、栓塞和動脈硬化。2.C.Atherosclerosis-解析："動脈硬化"的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英文術(shù)語是atherosclerosis，指動脈內(nèi)膜脂質(zhì)沉積導(dǎo)致的病變。3.A.Deepveinthrombosisofthelowerlimb-解析：下肢深靜脈血栓形成的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)翻譯為"deepveinthrombosisofthelowerlimb"。4.A.Peripheralarterydisease-解析：PAD是peripheralarterydisease的縮寫，指外周動脈疾病。5.B.Poorbloodflowintheveins-解析：Venousinsufficiency（靜脈功能不全）指靜脈血液回流不暢，導(dǎo)致血液淤積。6.B.Swollenankles-解析：慢性靜脈功能不全的典型癥狀包括下肢腫脹（尤其是踝部）。7.B.Intravascularechography-解析："血管腔內(nèi)超聲"的英文是intra-vascularultrasound，常用術(shù)語為intravascularechography。8.A.Stentimplantationviathevascularlumen-解析：Endovascularstentplacement指經(jīng)血管腔內(nèi)植入支架。9.B.Embolism-解析：Embolism（栓塞）指血栓在血流中移動阻塞血管。10.B.Intermittentclaudication-解析："間歇性跛行"的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英文術(shù)語是intermittentclaudication，指活動后腿部疼痛。二、填空題答案與解析1.Thrombosis-解析：血栓形成是指血管內(nèi)血液凝固。2.Vascularrepairsurgery-解析：修復(fù)受損血管的手術(shù)稱為vascularrepairsurgery。3.Abdominalaorticaneurysm-解析："腹主動脈瘤"的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英文是abdominalaorticaneurysm。4.Aneurysm-解析：Aneurysm指血管壁擴(kuò)張形成的瘤樣病變。5.Intra-vascularatherosclerosis-解析："腔內(nèi)動脈粥樣硬化"的英文是intra-vascularatherosclerosis。6.Catheterthrombectomy-解析：使用導(dǎo)管清除血栓的手術(shù)稱為catheterthrombectomy。7.Pulmonaryembolism-解析：深靜脈血栓的常見并發(fā)癥是肺栓塞。8.Vascularrevascularizationsurgery-解析："血運重建術(shù)"的英文是revascularizationsurgery。9.Arterialstenosis-解析：動脈狹窄的英文是arterialstenosis，由斑塊導(dǎo)致。10.Deepveinthrombosis-解析：DVT是deepveinthrombosis的縮寫。三、簡答題答案與解析1.Differencebetweenthrombosisandembolism:-Thrombosis（血栓形成）是血液在血管內(nèi)凝固，不移動；embolism（栓塞）是血栓或異物在血流中移動阻塞血管。-解析：兩者都涉及血栓，但血栓形成不移動，栓塞會移動。2.Purposeofvenousvalvesurgery:-Torepairorreplacefaultyvalvesintheveins,improvingbloodflowbacktotheheart.-解析：靜脈瓣膜手術(shù)通過修復(fù)或替換受損瓣膜，防止血液倒流。3.Symptomsofperipheralarterydisease:-Legpainduringwalking（intermittentclaudication）、coldnessinthelegs、poorwoundhealing.-解析：這些癥狀因動脈供血不足引起。4.Endovascularrepair:-Minimallyinvasivesurgeryusingcatheterstorepairbloodvesselsfromwithin.-解析：腔內(nèi)修復(fù)術(shù)通過導(dǎo)管進(jìn)行，避免開放手術(shù)。5.Importanceofmultidisciplinarymanagement:-Combinesvascularsurgery,cardiology,andimagingforcomprehensivecare.-解析：多學(xué)科協(xié)作可提高復(fù)雜血管疾病的治療效果。四、翻譯題答案與解析1.Translation:"Thepatienthasdeepveinthrombosisintherightlowerextremity,leadingtolimitedmobility,requiringcatheterthrombolysis."-解析：準(zhǔn)確描述了病因、癥狀和治療。2.Translation:"Thepatientreportsbackpain,ultrasoundsuggestsanabdominalaorticaneurysm,andendovascularrepairisrecommended."-解析：包含關(guān)鍵檢查和治療建議。3.Translationandsignificance:-"Intermittentclaudication:Legpainduringexercise,relievedbyrest,duetopoorarterialbloodflow."-解析：解釋了癥狀和病因。4.Translation:"Postoperativelegswellingisobserved,susp