2025年大學《塞蘇陀語》專業(yè)題庫——塞蘇陀語翻譯師資格考試技巧考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______第一部分：語言知識與閱讀理解directions:Readthefollowingpassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswer(A,B,C,orD)foreachquestionbasedontheinformationprovidedinthepassage.Passage1:Sesotho,officiallyknownasSouthernSotho,isoneoftheofficiallanguagesofLesothoandisalsowidelyspokeninSouthAfrica.ItbelongstotheSotho-TswanabranchoftheBantulanguages.ThelanguageiswrittenusingtheLatinalphabet.Sesothohasarichliterarytradition,includingpoetry,prose,anddrama.ThelanguagehasbeeninfluencedbybothDutchandEnglishduetohistoricalcolonialinteractions.EffortsareongoingtopreserveandpromotetheSesotholanguageineducationandmedia.1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasafeatureofSesotho?A.ItisanofficiallanguageinLesotho.B.ItusestheLatinalphabet.C.IthasahistoryofinfluencefromFrench.D.Ithasarichliterarytradition.2.WhatbranchoftheBantulanguagesdoesSesothobelongto?A.NguniB.Sotho-TswanaC.KhoisanD.Luba-Lulua3.ThepassagesuggeststhatthestudyofSesotholanguagehistorywouldlikelyinclude:A.TheinfluenceofPortuguese.B.InteractionswithEuropeancolonialpowers.C.ThedevelopmentofauniquewritingsystemdistinctfromtheLatinalphabet.D.TheadoptionofSesothoasanationallanguageinmultipleAfricancountries.Passage2:Waterisavitalresourceforallformsoflife.Itplaysacrucialroleinagriculture,industry,anddomesticuse.Theavailabilityofcleanwaterisessentialforhumanhealthandwell-being.However,waterresourcesareunderincreasingpressureduetopopulationgrowth,climatechange,andpollution.Waterconservationstrategiesarenecessarytoensuresustainablewatermanagementforfuturegenerations.Thesestrategiescanincludereducingwaterwaste,improvingwaterefficiency,andprotectingwatersourcesfromcontamination.4.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Waterisonlyimportantforhumans.B.Waterresourcesareabundantandwillneverbedepleted.C.Thepassagelistsvarioustypesofwaterpollution.D.Thepassageemphasizestheimportanceofwaterandtheneedforconservation.5.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisaconsequenceofpopulationgrowthandclimatechange?A.Anincreaseinthenaturalreplenishmentofwatersources.B.Adecreaseinthedemandforindustrialwateruse.C.Increasedpressureonwaterresources.D.Areductioninwaterpollutionlevels.6.Thepassagesuggeststhatprotectingwatersourcesfromcontamination:A.Isprimarilytheresponsibilityoffarmers.B.Isunnecessaryifwatercanbeeasilytreatedafteruse.C.Isessentialforsustainablewatermanagement.D.Canbeachievedwithoutimpactingindustrialdevelopment.Passage3:TraditionalAfricansocietiesoftenplaceastrongemphasisoncommunityandcollectivewell-being.Kinshipties,extendedfamilynetworks,andclanstructuresplaysignificantrolesinsocialorganization.Eldersaretypicallyrespectedandholdpositionsofauthority,guidingthecommunitythroughtheirwisdomandexperience.Orature(oralliterature)servesasavitalmeansofpreservinghistory,culturalvalues,andsocialnorms.Music,dance,andstorytellingareintegralpartsofsocialgatheringsandceremonies,fosteringunityandtransmittingculturalheritageacrossgenerations.7.ThepassageindicatesthatinmanytraditionalAfricansocieties,theroleofeldersisgenerally:A.Primarilyadministrativeandfocusedoneconomicmatters.B.Basedonindividualachievementsandstatuswithinthecommunity.C.Toguidethecommunitythroughwisdomandexperience.D.Tomaintainstrictcontroloversocialactivitiesandpersonalchoices.8.Accordingtothepassage,oratureservesto:A.Provideentertainmentduringsocialevents.B.Preservehistory,culturalvalues,andsocialnorms.C.Teachspecificjobskillstoyoungmembersofthecommunity.D.Serveasalegalrecordofpropertyownership.9.ThepassagesuggeststhatculturalheritageistransmittedintraditionalAfricansocietiesthrough:A.Writtenhistoriesandformaleducationalsystems.B.Music,dance,andstorytelling.C.Economictransactionsandtradeagreements.D.Politicalspeechesandofficialdeclarations.PartTwo:Translationdirections:TranslatethefollowingEnglishtextsintoSesotho,andtranslatethefollowingSesothotextsintoEnglish.Payattentiontoaccuracy,fluency,andculturalappropriateness.EnglishtoSesotho:10.Sustainabledevelopmentaimstomeettheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.11.Therapidadvancementoftechnologyhassignificantlychangedthewaywecommunicateandaccessinformation.12.Itiscrucialforleaderstolistentothevoicesofthepeopleandaddresstheirconcernseffectively.SesothotoEnglish:13.Kennalegokhaolagoithutalit?at?otsabathobaobabalegolatolot?egot?oanangt?aleinalagobana.14.Honalegohlakolagotsaologot?eogot?alagot?oanangt?agommolaogot?agot?eogot?alagot?oanangt?agobanagot?oanangt?agommolao.15.Gothwalagot?eogolatolot?egot?oanangt?agommolaogot?agot?eogot?alagot?oanangt?agobanalegolatolot?egot?eogolatolot?e.PartThree:TranslationTechniquesandApplicationdirections:Readthefollowingpairsofsentences.Identifythetranslationchallengepresentedanddiscussoneormoreappropriatetranslationtechniquesthatcouldbeappliedtorenderthesourcetextaccuratelyandeffectivelyintothetargetlanguage.Focusonthemeaning,context,andculturalconsiderations.16.SourceText(English):Theconceptof"face"inChinesecultureiscomplexandinvolvesmaintainingbothself-respectandrespectforothers.Challenge:Howtoconveytheabstractconcept"face"anditsspecificculturalnuancesinSesotho.17.SourceText(Sesotho):"Basothobalegolatolot?egot?oanangt?agommolaogot?agot?eogot?alagot?oanangt?agobana."Challenge:TranslatingthiscommonSesothophraseintoEnglishrequiresunderstandingitsculturalcontextandensuringtheEnglishtranslationcapturesitsintendedmeaningandsentiment.18.SourceText(English):ThepharmaceuticalcompanyannouncedabreakthroughinthedevelopmentofavaccineforCOVID-19.Challenge:Translatingtheterm"breakthrough"inacontextwherescientificadvancementisannounced,ensuringtheSesothotranslationconveysthesignificanceandpositiveconnotation.---試卷答案第一部分：語言知識與閱讀理解1.C*解析思路：文章明確提到Sesotho受到Dutch(荷蘭語)和English(英語)的影響，并未提及French(法語)。2.B*解析思路：文章直接指出SesothobelongstotheSotho-TswanabranchoftheBantulanguages（屬于索托-茨瓦納語支的班圖語）。3.B*解析思路：文章提到歷史殖民互動（colonialinteractions），暗示了與歐洲殖民力量（如荷蘭、英國）的接觸和影響。4.D*解析思路：文章首段強調(diào)水的重要性，后文接著論述水資源面臨的壓力和必要的保護措施，核心是強調(diào)水的重要性和需conservation（保護）。5.C*解析思路：文章明確說明populationgrowth（人口增長）和climatechange（氣候變化）給waterresources（水資源）帶來了pressure（壓力）。6.C*解析思路：文章指出保護水源免受污染是sustainablewatermanagement（可持續(xù)水管理）所必需的，強調(diào)了其重要性。7.C*解析思路：文章說明在傳統(tǒng)非洲社會，長者通常受到尊重并擔任權(quán)威角色，用以指導社區(qū)。8.B*解析思路：文章指出Orature（口頭文學）是保存歷史、文化價值觀和社會規(guī)范的重要方式。9.B*解析思路：文章提到音樂、舞蹈和故事講述是社會活動和儀式的組成部分，用于傳承文化遺產(chǎn)。PartTwo:Translation10.Hobatlagoithutagot?elisi?agot?oanangtsahlophagot?agolatolot?egot?oanangt?aleinalagobana,hahologoithutagot?oanangt?agolatolot?egot?agolatolot?egot?oanangt?aleinalagobana.*解析思路：譯文采用被動語態(tài)“goithutagot?elisi?a”對應“aimstomeet”，使用“got?oanangtsahlopha”對應“theneedsofthepresent”，用“got?agolatolot?egot?oanangt?aleinalagobana”對應“theabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds”，結(jié)構(gòu)上調(diào)整為Sesotho習慣的主謂賓順序，并使用連接詞“haholo”表示“withoutcompromising”。11.Honalegohlakolagotsaologot?eogot?alagot?oanangt?agommolaogot?agot?eogot?alagot?oanangt?agobana.*解析思路：譯文將“advancementoftechnology”譯為“gotsaologot?eogot?alagot?oanangt?agommolao”，強調(diào)技術(shù)的發(fā)展過程?！癝ignificantlychanged”譯為“got?agohlakola”，表達顯著變化?！癟hewaywecommunicateandaccessinformation”整合譯為“got?oanangt?agommolaogot?agot?eogot?alagot?oanangt?agobana”，指信息獲取和交流的方式。12.Gothwalagot?eogolatolot?egot?oanangt?agommolaogot?agot?eogot?alagot?oanangt?agobanalegolatolot?egot?eogolatolot?e.*解析思路：譯文將“l(fā)eaders”譯為“gothwala”，“l(fā)istentothevoicesofthepeople”意譯為“gothwalagot?eogolatolot?egot?oanangt?agommolao”，強調(diào)傾聽民眾的聲音。“Addresstheirconcernseffectively”譯為“l(fā)egolatolot?egot?eogolatolot?e”，表示有效處理他們的關(guān)切。13.Itiscrucialforleaderstolistentothevoicesofthepeopleandaddresstheirconcernseffectively.*解析思路：譯文將“crucial”譯為“gonta”，表示重要性?！癴orleaders”處理為“gothwala”，“l(fā)istentothevoicesofthepeople”直譯為“gothwalagot?eogolatolot?egot?oanangt?agommolao”，“addresstheirconcernseffectively”譯為“l(fā)egolatolot?egot?eogolatolot?e”。14.Therapidadvancementoftechnologyhassignificantlychangedthewaywecommunicateandaccessinformation.*解析思路：譯文將“rapidadvancementoftechnology”譯為“gotsaologot?eogot?alagot?oanangt?agommolao”，“significantlychanged”譯為“got?agohlakola”，“thewaywecommunicateandaccessinformation”整合譯為“got?oanangt?agommolaogot?agot?eogot?alagot?oanangt?agobana”。15.Basothobalegolatolot?egot?oanangt?agommolaogot?agot?eogot?alagot?oanangt?agobana.*解析思路：此句為Sesotho常用表達，意為“Basothopeopleareverykind/considerate”。直譯為“Basothopeopleareverykind/considerateintheirinteractionswitheachother”。譯文“Basothobalegolatolot?egot?oanangt?agommolaogot?agot?eogot?alagot?oanangt?agobana”是對原文結(jié)構(gòu)的直接翻譯，保留了其含義。PartThree:TranslationTechniquesandApplication16.Challenge:Conveyingtheabstractconcept"face"anditsspecificculturalnuances.*Technique:Explanation/Interpretation.ProvideabriefcontextualexplanationinSesothowithinthetranslation,oruseadescriptivephrasethatcapturestheessenceofmaintainingrespectforselfandothers.E.g.,"Hotlalegoithutagot?oanangtsagolatolot?eletsa'golatolot?e'(面子),hotlalegoithutagot?elisi?agothwalagot?eogothwalagolatolot?elegolatolot?egot?eogolatolot?e(尊重自己和他人)."Thetechniqueinvolvesexplainingthe