Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Heisgoodathisjobbutseemstolack(缺乏)confidence.2．Shegreetedherneighborwithanod(點(diǎn)頭)．3．Youshouldn'tmisstheopportunity(機(jī)會)toseetheplay—it'srarelyputon.4．Hestoodup,yawned(打呵欠)andwentonwithhiswork.5．Janesighed(嘆氣)heavilyandshookherhead.Ⅱ.拓展詞匯1．informaladj.非正式的→formaladj.正式的2．seriousadj.嚴(yán)肅的→seriouslyadv.嚴(yán)肅地3．confidentlyadv.自信地→confidentadj.自信的→confidencen．信心4．a(chǎn)dvanceadj.預(yù)先的，在前的→advancedadj.先進(jìn)的；高級的[巧記單詞]詞根詞形變化構(gòu)詞點(diǎn)撥 formalinformalin加形容詞構(gòu)成否定意義的形容詞confidentconfidently形容詞加ly構(gòu)成副詞 Ⅲ.補(bǔ)全短語1．smalltalk閑談，聊天2．makefriends交朋友，建立友誼3．(be)nervousabout對……神經(jīng)緊張/害怕/膽怯/焦慮不安4．thinkof想起，回憶起；考慮5．bodylanguage身體語言，肢體語言6．lookawayfrom把目光從……移開7．socialrules社交規(guī)則8．inaddition除此之外，另外9．findout了解(到)；找出(信息)1．[教材原句]Andtheyareeasytolearn.而且這些(技能)是很容易學(xué)習(xí)的。sb./sth.sb./sth.＋be＋adj.＋todo。[佳句賞析]橙汁很可口，也很容易做，并含有豐富的維生素。Orangejuiceisdelicious,easytomakeandveryrichinvitamins.2．[教材原句]Peoplewithgoodsocialskillsmunicatewellandknowhowtohaveaconversation.具備良好社交技能的人能很好地和別人交流并且知道怎樣交談。[句型點(diǎn)撥]疑問詞＋動詞不定式。[佳句賞析]我們應(yīng)該知道做什么以及如何做好準(zhǔn)備。Weshouldknowwhattodoandhowtoprepare.3．[教材原句]Ithelpsifyoudoalittleadvanceplanning.如果你事先做些計(jì)劃，將會對你有所幫助。[句型點(diǎn)撥]if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。[佳句賞析]如果我工作時聽音樂，這會有助于我集中注意力。IthelpsmyconcentrationifIlistentomusicwhileI'mworking.4．[教材原句]Talktoamanabouthimself,andhewillspeaktoyouforhours!和一個人談?wù)撍约?，他就會和你說上幾個小時！[句型點(diǎn)撥]祈使句＋and/or＋陳述句。[佳句賞析]努力學(xué)習(xí)，你就會取得進(jìn)步。Workhardandyouwillmakeprogress.1．Doyouwanttomakemorefriendsbutlacktheconfidencetotalktopeopleyoudon'tknow？(P2)你是否想結(jié)交更多的朋友但又缺乏與陌生人交談的信心？★lackv．缺乏，缺少n.缺乏，不足①Lackofmoneyistherootofallevil.(Shavian)缺錢是所有罪惡的根源。(蕭伯納)(1)lacksth.缺乏……，沒有……lackfornothing一無所缺(2)(a)lackof缺少……，缺乏……forlackof因缺少……(3)lackingadj.缺乏，不足belackingin＝beshortof缺少……，……不足②Theyaresorichthattheylackfornothing.他們非常富裕，不缺任何東西。③Ihaven'tfinishedthepaintingforlackoftime.由于時間不夠，我的畫尚未完成。[名師點(diǎn)津]lacksth.＝belackinginsth.;(a)lackof中a可以省略，它在句中常作主語或者賓語。[語境串記]Ifthelackofmoneymakesyoulackconfidencewhendealingwithothers,youmaylacksomeimportantqualitiesandopportunitiesforlackofmoney.如果缺錢使你與人打交道時缺乏自信，你會因?yàn)槿卞X而失去一些重要的品質(zhì)和機(jī)會。2．Andtheyareeasytolearn.(P2)而且這些(技能)是很容易學(xué)習(xí)的。★theyareeasytolearn屬于“Sth./Sb.＋be＋adj.＋todo”句型，they指代上文提到的socialskills，與learn之間是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系。在“Sth./Sb.＋be＋adj.＋todo”結(jié)構(gòu)中，形容詞表示主語的性質(zhì)、特征等；do與sth./sb.之間為動賓關(guān)系，用主動形式表示被動意義；若構(gòu)成不定式的動詞為不及物動詞，動詞后需要加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。①Thissentenceisdifficulttounderstand.這個句子難以理解。②Thechairisveryfortabletositon.這個椅子坐上去很舒適。3．Ithelpsifyoudoalittleadvanceplanning.(P2)要是預(yù)先做些準(zhǔn)備，將會對你有所幫助?！颽dvanceadj.預(yù)先的，在前的v.(使)前進(jìn)，(使)向前移動；推進(jìn)；提前n.前進(jìn)；進(jìn)展，進(jìn)步[一詞多義]寫出下列句中advance的漢語意思①You'dbettergivethemadvancenoticeofthedelayofthemeeting.預(yù)先的②Thetroopswereadvancingtowards/onthevillage.前進(jìn)③Toomuchproteininthedietmayadvancetheagingprocess.提前④Greatadvanceshavebeenmadeinmedicaltechnology.進(jìn)步(1)advanceon/towards向/朝……前進(jìn)Makeadvancesin在……方面取得進(jìn)展inadvance提前，預(yù)先inadvanceof在……前面；超過(2)advancedadj.先進(jìn)的；高級的advancementn.前進(jìn)；進(jìn)展⑤Doingplanninginadvanceisveryimportantforthesuccessofwork.提前做些計(jì)劃對工作的成功非常重要。⑥Ifyouaren'tnervousabouttheingexam,youaresuretobefarinadvanceofyourclass.如果你對即將到來的考試不緊張，你一定會在班上遙遙領(lǐng)先的。[語境串記]DeterminedtogotoAmericatolearntheadvancedtechnology,hehasmadeadvancepreparationsandappliedforapassportinadvance.決心去美國學(xué)習(xí)這項(xiàng)先進(jìn)的技術(shù)，他已做了預(yù)先準(zhǔn)備，提前申請了護(hù)照。4．thinkofarecentnewsstory—nottooserious,e．g.astoryaboutafilmstarorsportsstar(P2)想出一個最近的新聞故事——不要太嚴(yán)肅，譬如，一個有關(guān)電影明星或體育明星的故事★thinkof想起，記得；考慮；認(rèn)為，評價；想出[一詞多義]寫出下列句中thinkof的漢語意思①Theydon'tthinkmuchofhiswork.認(rèn)為，評價②Lucyhasbeenthinkingofchangingherjob.考慮③Iknowhisface,butIcan'tthinkofwhereI'vemethim.想起，記得thinkof...as...把……當(dāng)作……thinkhighly/well/muchof對……評價高thinklittle/poorlyof對……評價低thinkabout思考，考慮think...over認(rèn)真思考……thinktwice三思；重新考慮④YoungpeoplethinkofJayChouasoneofthebestsingers.年輕人認(rèn)為周杰倫是最好的歌手之一。⑤Let'sthinkoverwhatwe'dbetterdo.讓我們仔細(xì)想一想最好怎么辦。5．Don'tlookawayfromthepersonwho'stalkingtoyou.(P3)不要把目光從正在跟你說話的人身上移開?！飈ookawayfrom把目光從……移開①Ifyouwanttoprotectyoureyesight,itisimportanttolookawayfromthescreen.如果你想保護(hù)你的視力，遠(yuǎn)離熒屏是很重要的。lookbackon回顧lookforwardto期待；盼望lookinto調(diào)查，審查lookon...as把……當(dāng)作lookoutfor當(dāng)心……；提防……lookdownupon輕視，看不起②Lookingatthephoto,IthoughtofMrGarcia,wholookeddownuponwhoeverhadn'thadacollegeeducation.看到這張照片，我想起了加西亞先生，他看不起沒有受過大學(xué)教育的人。③Iliketolookbackonmyhighschooldays,whichwerethehappiestinmylife.我喜歡回顧我的中學(xué)時代，那是我生命中最快樂的時光。6．Talktoamanabouthimself,andhewillspeaktoyouforhours！(P3)和一個人討論他自己，他會和你說上幾小時！★這是一個“祈使句＋and＋陳述句”的句式，其中陳述句中常用一般將來時。and表示順承關(guān)系，若表示轉(zhuǎn)折，把a(bǔ)nd換成or。此句型的變化形式有：名詞短語＋and＋陳述句；祈使句＋破折號＋另一分句。①Useyourhead,andyou'llfindtheanswer.動動腦筋，你就會找到答案。②Dobecarefulwhendrivingonthehighway,oryoumightendupinacaraccident.在高速公路上開車一定要小心，否則你可能會發(fā)生車禍。③OnemoreminuteandIwillfinishmyhomework.再等一分鐘，我就做完作業(yè)了。④Trysomeofthisjuice—perhapsyou'lllikeit.嘗嘗這種果汁，也許你會喜歡的。7．Inaddition,youneedtoknowhowlongyoushouldstay,andwhenyouhavetoleave.(P3)另外，你需要知道該待多久，還有該在何時離開。★inaddition除此之外，另外①Theirparentsdisagreewiththemarriage.Inaddition,theydonotmatchverymuch.他們的父母反對這樁婚事。除此之外，他們兩人并不十分般配。inadditionto除……外additionn.增加，附加，增加物，附加物②I'mgoingtotowntoseemyteacherinadditiontobuyingsomething.我進(jìn)城除了買些東西外，還要去看望我的老師。[名師點(diǎn)津](1)inaddition相當(dāng)于what'smore,besides,furthermore,在句中起到插入語的作用，單獨(dú)使用，后面常用逗號與主句隔開。(2)inadditionto相當(dāng)于apartfrom,aswellas,后面常接名詞、代詞或動詞ing形式。

Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Althoughlacking(lack)money,thecouplemanagedtosendtheirsontotheUnitedStatesforfurtherstudy.2．Itissaidthatthepresidentinvitedhimintohisprivatestudyfora(n)informal(formal)chat.3．MrLiuconfidently(confident)forecastamarkedincreaseinfoodprices,andheturnedouttoberight.4．SomepeopleinBeijinggotoworkhalfanhourearliereverydaytoavoidbeingcaught(catch)inthetrafficjam.5．WheneverIseethephotos,Ijustcan'thelpthinking(think)ofthehappydaysonthatbeautifulisland.6．MyfathergotveryangrywhenhefoundoutthatIwasplayingputergamesontheInternet.7．Boblookedawayfromothersandtheysoonbegantotalkabouttheirownaffairsasifnothinghadhappened.8．Inadditiontomyweeklywage,Igotalotoftips.9．Ifthisbanwastoeintoeffect,itwouldseriously(serious)damagemybusiness.10．Iaskedhimifhewouldhelpmeandhenodded(nod)．11．Hewasashyboyandverynervousaboutspeakinginpublic.12．Doyouthinkthewaterissafetodrink(drink)?13．Gostraighton,andyouwillsee(see)thesquare.14．Susanhasnoideahowtomake(make)smalltalk.15．Don'tmakefriends(friend)withsuchpeople.Suchfriendshipisfalse.Ⅱ.完成句子1．如果你有什么難事，請?zhí)崆巴ㄖ摇fyouhaveanythingdifficult,pleaseletmeknowinadvance.2．不時地將目光從屏幕上移開對你的健康是有好處的。It'sgoodforyourhealthtolookawayfromthescreenfromtimetotime.3．她對期末考試成績感到憂慮。Shewasnervousabouttheresultsofherfinalexam.4．給孩子們提建議的最佳方式是弄明白他們想做什么。Thebestwaytogiveadvicetochildrenistofindoutwhattheywanttodo.5．這臺機(jī)器很容易操作。任何人都能在幾分鐘內(nèi)學(xué)會使用它。Thismachineisveryeasytooperate.Anybodycanlearntouseitinafewminutes.Ⅲ.一句多譯1．我覺得跟缺乏幽默感的人聊天很乏味。①Ifinditquiteboringtochatwiththosewhoarelackinginhumor.(lacking)②Ifinditquiteboringtochatwiththosewholack(for)humor.(lack)③Ifinditquiteboringtochatwiththoselacking(for)humor.(簡單句)④Ifinditquiteboringtochatwiththosewhoareshortofhumor.(short)2．充分利用像網(wǎng)站、圖書館等學(xué)習(xí)資源，你就會取得很大的進(jìn)步。①M(fèi)akegooduseoflearningresourcessuchasthewebsiteandlibrary,andyouwillmakegreatprogress.(祈使句＋and＋陳述句)②Ifyoumakegooduseoflearningresourcessuchasthewebsiteandlibrary,youwillmakegreatprogress.(if從句)Ⅳ.課文縮寫語法填空Ifyouhaveevercrossedtheroadtoavoidtalkingtosomeoneyourecogniseoryoulacktheconfidencetotalktopeopleyoudon'tknow,thesesituationsshowyoudon'thavegoodsocialskills.Butdon'tworry.Here1.are(be)afewideasforyou.First,you'dbetterlearnhow2.todo(do)smalltalks.Smalltalkisveryimportantandpreparesyou3.formoreseriousconversations.Youcanthinkofastoryabout4.afilmorsome“safe”thingstotalkabout.Thatway,youdon'tdamageyour5.confidence(confident).Inaddition,developyourlisteningskills.6.Listening(listen)isaskillwhichmostpeoplelack.Tobeeabetterlistener,youshouldshowyouarelisteningbyusing7.encouraging(encourage)noisesandgesturesand8.keeping(keep)goodeyecontact.Youareadvisednottoyawn,sighorlook9.awayfromthepersonwho'stalkingtoyou.Finally,10.if/whenyougotoasocialoccasioninanothercountry,remembersocialrulesandbedifferent.Ⅰ.根據(jù)提示寫出單詞的正確形式1．Anyonewhoiskeenonclassicalmusiccan'tmisstheopportunity(機(jī)會)toattendtheconcert.2．Mr.Smithnodded(點(diǎn)頭)andaskedeveryclienttositaroundthetable.3．Shekeepsyawning(打呵欠),soshemightnothavesleptwelllastnight.4．Hesighed(嘆息),notknowinghowtodealwiththenaughtyboy.5．Whatheislacking(lack)inisnotknowledgebutexperience.6．Itwasaninformal(formal)party,soyouneedn'thavedressedupasaprincess.7．Icanconfidently(confident)promisethatthisyearIwillmakegreatprogressinmystudy.8．Perhapsheusedakindofadvanced(advance)technologysothathegotbetterresults.9．Suchanimportantproblemshouldbediscussedseriously(serious)．Ⅱ.選詞填空1．Inmyopinion,travellingabroadisagreatwaytofindoutwhatlifeislikeinanotherplaceoftheworld.2．—DidyoucatchwhatIsaid?—Sorry,Iwasthinkingofthematchheldlastnight.3．Iwouldn'tliketogotothepartytonight.ButIhavealotofhomeworktodo.Inaddition,I'mnotwillingtoseeJohn.4．Thenwelookedawayfromeachotherandwentonreading.5．Nooneknowswhatheisnervousabout.6.Sinceyouarealwaysoptimisticandselfconfident,Ican'twaittomakefriendswithyou.7．Thismeetingroomisanonsmokingarea.Iwouldliketowarnyouinadvancethatifyousmokedhereyouwouldbefined.8.Areyouseriousaboutgivingupsmokingthistime?Idon'twantyoutoliegain.Ⅲ.完成句子1．這個項(xiàng)目的失敗不是因?yàn)槿狈Y金而是缺乏技術(shù)工人。Thefailureoftheprojectisnotforlackoffundbutforskilledworkers.2．這個問題對我來說很難回答。Thequestionisdifficultformetoanswer.3．多練習(xí)，你的英語就會說得很流利。Practisemoreandyou'llbefluentinspeakingEnglish.4．人們被建議提前為任何一種意外事件做好準(zhǔn)備，無論是自然災(zāi)害還是恐怖襲擊。Peopleareadvisedtoprepareinadvanceforanykindofemergency,whetherit'sanaturaldisasteroraterroristattack.5．20名學(xué)生想去聽旨在講授如何快速閱讀的講座。Twentystudentswanttoattendthelecturethataimstoteachhowtoreadfast.Ⅳ.閱讀理解AInmostlanguages,agreetingisusuallyfollowedby“smalltalk”.Smalltalkmeansthelittlethingswetalkaboutatthestartofaconversation.InEnglishspeakingcountriespeopleoftenmakesmalltalkabouttheweather：“Niceday,isn'tit？”“Terribleweather,isn'tit？”Butthereissomethingspecialaboutsmalltalk.Itmustbesomethingwhichbothpeoplehavethesameopinionabout.Thepurposeofsmalltalkistoletbothpeopleagreeonsomething.Thismakesmeetingpeopleeasierandmorefortable.Peopleusuallyagreeabouttheweather,soitisasafetopicforsmalltalk.ButpeopleoftendisagreeaboutreligionorpoliticssothesearenotsuitabletopicsforsmalltalkinEnglish.Thetopicsforsmalltalkalsodependonwheretheconversationistakingplace.Atfootballmatches,peoplemakesmalltalkaboutthegametheyarewatching：“Greatgame,isn'tit？”Atbusstops,peoplemaymentaboutthetransportsystem：“Thebusserviceisterrible,isn'tit？”Greetingsandsmalltalkareanimportantpartofconversationinanylanguage.Thewaypeoplegreeteachotherandthethingstheytalkabout,however,maybedifferentfromonelanguagetoanother.Thisshowsthatthereismuchmoretolearnwhenwelearnalanguagethanjustthevocabularyandthegrammarofthelanguage.Wealsohavetolearnthesocialbehaviorofthepeoplewhospeakit.語篇解讀：本文主要講述了如何問候和聊天，以及一些應(yīng)該注意的問題。1．WhichofthefollowingisthemontopicoversmalltalkfornativespeakersofEnglish?A．Politics.B．Families.C．Education.D．Weather.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“InEnglishspeakingcountriespeopleoftenmakesmalltalkabouttheweather”可知選D。2．Whydowemakesmalltalkaccordingtothepassage?A．Toletbothpeopleargueaboutsomething.B．Toletbothpeopleagreeonsomething.C．Toenlargeourknowledge.D．Tokillourtime.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Thepurposeofsmalltalkistoletbothpeopleagreeonsomething.”可知答案。3．Thepassagesuggeststhatwhenwelearnalanguage,.A．weshouldunderstandtheimportanceofthelanguageB．it'snecessarytolearnaboutthecultureofthecountryC．weshouldlearnaboutthetransportsystemofthecountryD．it'senoughtograspthegrammarandvocabularyofthelanguage解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句“Wealsohavetolearnthesocialbehaviorofthepeoplewhospeakit.”可知，我們在學(xué)一門語言時要注意它的社會習(xí)俗。4．Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethat.A．it'simportanttofindasuitablesmalltalksubjectB．smalltalkdependsonthepurposeoftheconversationC．inEnglishspeakingcountriesweshouldtalkabouttheweatherD．a(chǎn)greeingwitheachotheristhekeytoasuccessfulconversation解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章可知，在談話時找到一個合適的話題是非常重要的，故選A。BAnewstudylinksheavyairpollutionfromcoalburningtoshorterlivesinnorthernChina.Researchersestimatethatthehalfbillionpeoplealivethereinthe1990swillliveanaverageof5yearslessthantheirsoutherncounterparts(兩方面地位職務(wù)相當(dāng)?shù)娜?becausetheybreatheddirtierair.Chinaitselfmadetheparisonpossible:fordecades,anowdiscontinuedgovernmentpolicyprovidedfreecoalforheating,butonlyinthecoldernorth.Researchersfoundsignificantdifferencesinbothparticulatepollutionoftheairandlifeexpectancyinthetworegions.Whilepreviousstudieshavefoundthatpollutionaffectshumanhealth,“thedeeperandultimatelymoreimportantquestionistheeffectonlifeexpectancy，”saidoneoftheresearchers,MichaelGreenstone,aprofessorofenvironmentaleconomicsatMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.Thisstudyprovidesauniquesettingtoanswerthelifeexpectancyquestionbecausetheheatingpolicydramatically(極大地)changespollutionconcentrations(含量)，Greenstonesaidinanemail.“Further,duetothelowratesofmigration(移民)inChinainthisperiod,wecanknowpeople'sexposureoverlongtimeperiods，”hesaid.ThepolicygavefreecoalforfuelboilerstoheathomesandofficestocitiesnorthoftheHuaiRiverwhichdividesChinaintonorthandsouth.Itwasineffectformuchofthe1950－1980periodofcentralplanning,and,thoughdiscontinuedafter1980,ithasleftalegacy(遺留)inthenorthofheavycoalburning,whichreleasesparticulatepollutantsintotheairthatcanharmhumanhealth.ResearchersfoundnoothergovernmentpoliciesthattreatedChina'snorthdifferentlyfromthesouth.Theresearcherscollecteddatafor90cities,from1981to2000,ontheannualdailyaverageconcentrationoftotalsuspended(懸浮的)particulates.InChina,thoseareconsideredtobeparticulatesthatare100micrometersorlessindiameter,sentoutfromsourcesincludingpowerstations,constructionsitesandvehicles.Amongthem,PM2.5isofespeciallygreathealthconcernbecauseitcangodeepintothelungs.Theresearchersestimatedtheimpactonlifeexpectanciesusingdeathdatafrom1991－2000.Theyfoundthatinthenorth,theconcentrationofparticulateswas184microgramspercubicmeter—or55percenthigherthaninthesouth,andlifeexpectancieswere5.5yearsloweronaverageacrossallageranges.語篇解讀：最新研究表明，空氣污染縮短人的生命。北方人的平均壽命低于南方人就是因?yàn)楸狈降目諝馕廴颈饶戏絿?yán)重。5．Themainideaofthispassageisthat.A．thegovernmentprovidedfreecoalforheatinginNorthChinaB．researchinChinafindsairpollutionshortenedlifeexpectancyC．coalburningcausesbadairqualityacrossChinaD．a(chǎn)newstudyfindsdifferentparticulatesinSouthChina解析：選B主旨大意題。綜合全文及文章第一段首句“AnewstudylinksheavyairpollutionfromcoalburningtoshorterlivesinnorthernChina.”可知。6．AccordingtoGreenstone，greatlycontributedtothehighpollutionconcentrationsinNorthChina.A．gasesfromvehiclesB．constructionsitesC．thefreeheatingpolicyD．powerstations解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Thisstudyprovidesauniquesettingtoanswerthelifeexpectancyquestionbecausetheheatingpolicydramatically(極大地)changespollutionconcentrations(含量),Greenstonesaidinanemail.”可知免費(fèi)供暖政策很大程度上導(dǎo)致中國北方的污染含量大的問題。7．Itisimpliedinthepassagethat.A．coalisnolongerusedforheatinginNorthChinaB．a(chǎn)irqualitywasparativelybetterinSouthChinaC．southernersburnedcoalsforheatinginthe1980sD．peoplepreferredtoliveinSouthChinaafter1980解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Researchersfoundsignificantdifferencesinbothparticulatepollutionoftheairandlifeexpectancyinthetworegions.”可知中國南方的空氣質(zhì)量相對好一些。8．Theunderlinedword“particulates”mostprobablymeans“”．A．dirtycloudsB．particularsmokeC．dangerousgasesD．harmfuldust解析：選D詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“InChina,thoseareconsideredtobeparticulatesthatare100micrometersorlessindiameter,sentoutfromsourcesincludingpowerstations,constructionsitesandvehicles.”可知。Ⅴ.任務(wù)型閱讀SQ3RstandsforSurvey,Question,Read,Recite,Review.Itisaproventechniquetosharpentextbookreadingskills.Here'showthisstrategyworks：SurveyGetanideaofwhatthechapterisaboutbyreviewingthehighlights(最突出的部分)：1．Takenoteofwordsthatareitalicized(斜體)orbold(粗體)．Lookatcharts,graphs,pictures,mapsandothervisualmaterial.Readtheverybeginning