2017年高考真題英語（江蘇卷）一、單項選擇題本大題共15小題，每小題1分，共15分。在每小題給出的4個選項中，有且只有一項是符合題目要求。1.ManyChinesebrands,__________theirreputationsovercenturies,arefacingnewchallengesfromthemodernmarket.

A.havingdeveloped

√

B.beingdeveloped

C.developed

D.developing考察非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞邏輯主語是ManyChinesebrands，很多中國品牌已經(jīng)揚名數(shù)百年，由overcenturies可知應(yīng)該用完成式，所以選A2.__________notforthesupportoftheteachers,thestudentcouldnotovercomeherdifficulty.

A.Itwere

B.Wereit

√

C.Itwas

D.Wasit考查虛擬語氣。句意為：要不是老師們的支持，這個學(xué)生是無法克服她遇到的困難的。虛擬語氣中be動詞常用were，故選B3.Located_________theBeltmeetstheRoad,JiangsuwillcontributemoretotheBeltandRoadconstruction.

A.why

B.when

C.which

D.where

√考察連詞。句意為：位于絲綢之路上的江蘇，將為一帶一路建設(shè)作出更大的貢獻。Located，“位于”，后跟地點狀語從句，故而選D4.Thepublicationof

GreatExpectations,which_________bothwidelyreviewedandhighlypraised,strengthenedDickens,statusasaleadingnovelist.

A.is

B.are

C.was

√

D.were考查了主謂一致和時態(tài)。句意為：《遠大前程》的出版獲得了廣泛認(rèn)可和高度贊揚，鞏固了狄更斯作為著名小說家的地位?！哆h大前程》是一本書，故而視為單數(shù)。結(jié)合strengthened可知說的是過去的事實，所以用過去時。故而選C5.WorkingwiththemedicalteaminAfricahas_________thebestinherasadoctor.

A.heldout

B.broughtout

√

C.pickedout

D.givenout考察短語辨析。句意為：與非洲醫(yī)療隊一起工作展示了她作為一名醫(yī)生最好的一面。holdout，堅持，伸出，主張，提供；pickout，挑選出；giveout分發(fā)，公布，用盡；bringout，出版，使顯示，說出；bringoutthebest，顯示出最好的一面。故而選B6.Wechoosethishotelbecausethepriceforanighthereisdownto$20,halfof_________itusedtocharge.

A.that

B.which

C.what

√

D.how考察what引導(dǎo)的同位語從句。句意為：我們選擇這家賓館是因為它住一晚的價格下降到了20美元，這是它過去一晚要價一半的價格。故而選C7.Hehurriedhome,neveroncelookingbacktoseeifhe_________.

A.wasbeingfollowed

√

B.wasfollowing

C.hadbeenfollowed

D.Followed考察謂語動詞。句意為：他匆匆忙忙往家趕，一次也沒有回頭看是否有人跟蹤。根據(jù)句意可知是被動，由hurry的時態(tài)可知是過去時。故而選A8.In1963theUNsetuptheWorldFoodProgramme,oneof_____purposesistorelieveworldwidestarvation.

A.which

B.it’s

C.whose

√

D.whom考察定語從句關(guān)系詞。句意為：聯(lián)合國建立世界糧食計劃署，其中一個目的就是為了緩解世界范圍內(nèi)饑餓問題?？疾於ㄕZ從句關(guān)系詞whose，意為所屬關(guān)系。故而選C9.OnlyfiveyearsafterSteveJobs’death,smart–phonesdefeated_________PCsinsales.

A.controversial

B.contractory

C.confidential

D.conventional

√考察形容詞詞義辨析。A.controversial有爭議的；B.contractory矛盾的，相反的；C.confidential機密的，表示信任的；D.conventional傳統(tǒng)的，慣例的。句意為：在喬布斯死后短短五年，智能手機在銷售額上就超過了傳統(tǒng)的個人電腦10.Aquickreviewofsuccessesandfailuresattheendofyearwillhelp_________youryearahead.

A.shape

√

B.switch

C.stretch

D.sharpen考察動詞意義辨析。A.shape形成，成形；B.switch轉(zhuǎn)換C.stretch伸開，伸展；D.sharpen使鋒利，使改進，使更清晰。句意為：在年終，對一年的成功與失敗之處做一個快速的回顧有利于接下來一年的改進。故而答案選A11.He’sbeeninformedthathe_________forthescholarshipbecauseofhisacademicbackground.

A.hasn’tqualified

B.hadn’tqualified

C.doesn’tqualify

√

D.wasn’tqualifying考察謂語動詞的時態(tài)。句子沒有直接顯示的時間狀語，參考動詞時態(tài)hasbeeninformed和句意：他已經(jīng)被告知他不合格，由于他的學(xué)術(shù)背景，他沒能獲得獎學(xué)金。可知此處應(yīng)為一般現(xiàn)在時。故而選C12.Determiningwhereweare_________oursurroundingsremainsanessentialskillforoursurvival.

A.incontrastto

B.indefenseof

C.infaceof

D.inrelationto

√考察介詞短語。A.incontrastto相比，對比；B.indefenseof保衛(wèi)，為......辯護；C.infaceof面臨，面對；D.inrelationto與......有關(guān)，涉及。句意為：在涉及到我們周圍的事物時，做好自我定位依然是我們基本的生存技能13.WhatdoesthestuffonyourT-shirtmean?it’snothing.Justsomething_________.

A.asclearasday

B.offthetopofmyhead

√

C.undermynose

D.beyondmywildestdreams考察語境俚語。A.asclearasday一清二楚；B.offthetopofmyhead不假思索，閃念；C.undermynose在我眼皮底下（卻沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)）；D.beyondmywildestdreams出乎預(yù)料。根據(jù)語境，“沒什么意思，不過是一時興起而已”。故而選B14.Thedisappearanceofdinosaursisnotnecessarilycausedbyastronomicalincidents.But_________explanationsarehardtofind.

A.alternative

√

B.aggressive

C.ambiguous

D.apparent考察形容詞詞義辨析。A.alternative可供替代的，可供選擇的；B.aggressive好斗的，進取的；C.ambiguous模棱兩可的；D.apparent明顯的。句意為：恐龍消失的原因不一定是天災(zāi)事件，但是也很難找到其他的解釋。故而選A15.GoingtowatchtheWomen’sVolleyballMatchonWednesday?——!Willyougowithme?

A.Youthere

B.Youbet

√

C.Yougotme

D.Youknowbetter考察情景交際。A.Youthere你在這兒啊（打招呼）；B.Youbet

沒錯，當(dāng)然；C.Yougotme你明白我的意思了或你難住我了；D.Youknowbetter你知道的更多或你明知道不該做。由語境可知，答案選B二、完形填空共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分ForalongtimeGabrieldidn’twanttobeinvolvedinmusicatall.Inhisfirstyearsofhighschool,Gabrielwouldlookpityinglyatmusicstudents,

16

acrossthecampuswiththeirheavyinstrumentcases.

17

atschoolforpracticehours

18

anyoneelsehadtobethere.Hesworetohimselfto

19

music,ashehatedgettingtoschoolextraearly.__20___，oneday，inthemusicclassthatwas__21_ofhisschool’sstandardcurriculurn，hewasplayingidly（隨意地）onthepianoandfoundit____22___topickouttunes.Withasinkingfeeling,herealizedthatheactually__23__doingit.Hetriedtohidehis__24__pleasurefromthemusicteather,whohad__25__overtolisten.Hemightnothavethisparticularlywell,__26__theteachertoldGabrielthathehadagood___27__andsuggestedthatGabrielgointothemusicstore-roomtiseeifanyoftheinstrumentsthere__28__him.Therehedecidedtogivethecello（大提琴）a__29__.Whenhebeganpracticing,hetookitvery__30__.Buthequicklyfoundthathelovedplayingthisinstrument,andwas__31__topracticingitsothatwithinacoupleofmonthshewasplayingreasonablywell.

This__32__,ofcourse,thathearrivedatschoolearlyinthemorning,__33__hisheavyinstrumentcaseacrossthecampustothe__34__looksofthenon-musicianshehadleft__35__.（1）.

A.travelling

B.marching

C.pacing

D.struggling

√文章首句交代作者不詳上音樂課。憐憫的看著......可知此處用struggle最符合語境。A.travelling旅行；B.marching

行軍，前進；C.pacing來回踱步，走來走去；D.struggling艱難前進，吃力進行。故而選D。（2）.

A.risingup

B.comingup

C.drivingup

D.turningup

√句意為在音樂練習(xí)時間來到學(xué)校，A.risingup升起；B.comingup發(fā)生，被提出；C.drivingup抬高，開車到來；D.turningup出現(xiàn)，到來。故而選D。（3）.

A.before

√

B.after

C.until

D.since本題中anyoneelse為解題關(guān)鍵。句意為學(xué)音樂的學(xué)生要比其他學(xué)生早到學(xué)校。故而選A。（4）.

A.betray

B.accept

C.avoid

√

D.appreciate句意為他發(fā)誓接受音樂，因為他討厭早到校。A.betray背叛；B.accept接受；C.avoid避免，避開；D.appreciate欣賞，感激?？芍猘void為符合語境。故而選C。（5）.

A.Therefore

B.However

√

C.Thus

D.Moreover本題需要結(jié)合整段意義，作者從討厭音樂到開始喜歡上音樂。語義應(yīng)該是轉(zhuǎn)折。A.Therefore因此；B.However然而；C.Thus所以；D.Moreover另外。故而答案選B。（6）.

A.part

√

B.nature

C.basis

D.spirit句意為音樂課是學(xué)校標(biāo)準(zhǔn)課程的一部分。故而選A。（7）.

A.complicate

B.safe

C.confusing

D.easy

√句意為......彈奏鋼琴時發(fā)現(xiàn)辨別音調(diào)其實很容易。由此作者發(fā)現(xiàn)自己也很喜歡這種感覺。A.complicate復(fù)雜的；B.safe安全的；C.confusing困惑的；D.easy容易的。故而選D。（8）.

A.missed

B.disliked

C.enjoyed

√

D.denied參照上一題，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)自己也很喜歡這種感覺。故而選C。（9）.

A.transparent

B.obvious

√

C.false

D.similar本題句意為他試著在音樂老師面前隱藏自己的喜悅之情。A.transparent透明的，顯而易見的（特指謊言、借口等）；B.obvious明顯的，顯然的；C.false錯誤的，假的；D.similar類似的，相似的。故而選B。（10）.

A.run

B.jogged

C.jumped

D.wandered

√句意為作者的老師走過來聽他演奏。A.run跑；B.jogged慢跑；C.jumped跳；D.wandered漫步。Wonder最符合語境。故而選D。（11）.

A.because

√

B.but

C.though

D.so本句講到他可能在鋼琴彈奏上沒有做的特別好，因為音樂老師認(rèn)為作者有著很好的辨音能力（ear）并建議他去選一款適合他的樂器。所以選A。（12）.

A.ear

√

B.taste

C.heart

D.voice根據(jù)句意音樂老師認(rèn)為作者有著很好的辨音能力。A.ear靈敏的聽力，辨音力；B.taste品味，鑒賞力；C.heart心臟，內(nèi)心；D.voice嗓音，呼聲。故而選A。（13）.

A.occurred

B.tookto

C.appealed

√

D.heldto句意為.......去看看是否有樂器可以吸引他。A.occurredto發(fā)生；想起；B.tookto喜歡，習(xí)慣于；C.appealedto吸引；D.heldto緊握，堅持。故而選C。（14）.

A.change

B.chance

√

C.mission

D.function根據(jù)句意可知，作者準(zhǔn)備試一試大提琴。A.change改變；B.chance機會；C.mission任務(wù)；D.function功能，作用。故而選B。（15）.

A.seriously

B.proudly

C.casually

√

D.natrually上句提到作者準(zhǔn)備試一試大提琴，可知開始沒有接觸過大提琴；在結(jié)合后面的but可知casually偶然的，未加考慮的最符合語境。A.seriously

認(rèn)真的，嚴(yán)肅的；B.proudly驕傲的；D.natrually自然地。故而選C。（16）.

A.committed

√

B.used

C.limited

D.admitted本題考查固定搭配。A項becommittedtodoing，致力于，獻身于符合語境。B.used

習(xí)慣于；C.limited被限制于......D.admitted被錄取，允許進入......故而選A。（17）.

A.proved

B.showed

C.stressed

D.meant

√句意為......意為著作者要去做那些他以前發(fā)誓也不會做的事情。Mean，打算，意味著；故而選D。（18）.

A.pushing

B.dragging

√

C.lifting

D.rushing本題對應(yīng)首段第36題。作者將拖著沉重的樂器箱穿梭于校園。A.pushing推，移動；B.dragging使勁而吃力的拖、拉、拽；C.lifting舉起，升起；D.rushing沖。故而選B。（19）.

A.admiring

B.pitying

√

C.annoying

D.teasing由第一段pityingly可知此處pitying最符合語境。所以選B。（20）.

A.over

B.aside

C.behind

√

D.out作者開始滿懷憐憫的看著那些音樂生，現(xiàn)在其他學(xué)生也這樣看著他，而作者已經(jīng)不予理會。leaveout，遺漏，忽略。所以選C。三、閱讀理解共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分ACHRONOLOGICA——TheUnbelievableYearsthatDefinedHistoryDIDYOUKNOW…

In105ADpaperwasinventedinChina?

WhenColumbusdiscoveredtheNewWorld?

TheBritishMuseumopenedin1759?CHRONOLOGICAisafascinatingjourneythroughtime,fromthefoundationofRometothecreationoftheinternet.Alongthewayaretalesofkingsandqueens,hotairballoons…andmonkeysinspace.Travelthrough100ofthemostunbelievableyearsinworldhistoryandledrnwhybeingaRomanEmperorwasn’talwaysasgoodasitsounds,howtheHundredYears’Wardidn’tactuallylastfor100yearsandwhySpencerPercevalholdsaratherunfortunaterecord.CHRONOLOGICAisaninformativeandentertainingtourintohistory,beautifullyillustratedandfullofunbelievablefacts.WhileCHRONOLOGICAtellsthestoriesoffamouspeopleinhistorysuchasThomasEdisonandAlexandertheGreat,thisbookalsogivesabaccountofthelivesoflesser-knownindividualsincludingtheexploeerMungoParkandsculptorGutzonBorglum.Thiscompletebutbriefhistoricalcollectioniscertaintoentertainreadersyoungandold,andguaranteedtopresenteventhebiggesthistoryloverwithsomgthingnew!（1）.What

is

CHRONOLOGICA

according

to

the

next?

A.Abiography

B.Atravelguide

C.Ahistorybook

√

D.Asciencefiction由第四段第五行“thisbookalsogivesabaccount...”可知CHRONOLOGICA是本書；文章副標(biāo)題——TheUnbelievableYearsthatDefinedHistory、第四段第一句CHRONOLOGICAisaninformativeandentertainingtourintohistory、第五段第一行Thiscompletebutbriefhistoricalcollectioniscertain...都可以看出這本書與歷史有關(guān)。故而選C。（2）.How

does

the

writer

recommend

CHRONOLOGICA

to

readers?

A.Bygivingdetailsofitscollection

B.Byintroducingsomeofitscontents

√

C.Bytellingstoriesatthebeginning

D.Bycomparingitwithotherbooks第一段通過問題和三個歷史事件引出這本書；第二段介紹這本書涉及的內(nèi)容；第三段寫的是通過這本書可以了解到的歷史問題；第四段寫的是這本書介紹了一些歷史人物和事件；第五段介紹了這本書的受眾。故而選B。BBeforebirth,babiescantellthedifferencebetweenloudsoundsandvoices.Theycanevendistinguishtheirmother’svoicefromthatofafemalestranger.Butwhenitcomestoembryoniclearning（胎教），birdscouldruletheroost.AsrecentlyreportedinTheAuk:OrnithologicalAdrances,somemotherbirdsmayteachtheiryoungtosingevenbeforetheyhatch（孵化）。New-bornchickscanthenimitatetheirmom’scallwithinafewdaysofeneringtheworld.

Thiseducationalmethodwasfirstobservedin2012bySoniaKieindorfer,abiologistatFlindersUniversityinSouthAustralia,andhercollcagues.FemakeAustraliansuperbfairywrenswerefoundtorepeatonesoundoverandoveragainwhilehatchingtheirerrs,Whentheerrswerehatched,thebabybirdsmadethesimilarchirptotheirmothers—asoundthatservedastheirregular“feedme!”call.Tofindoutifthespecialqualitywasmorewidespreadinbirds,theresearcherssoughtthered-backedfairywren,anotherspeciesofAustraliansongbird.Firsttheycollectedsounddatdfrom67nestsinfoursitesinQueenslangbeforeandafterhatching,Thentheyidentifiedbeggingcallsbyanalyzingtheorderandnumberofnotes.Acomputeranalysisblindlycomparedcallsproducedbymothersandchicks,rankingthembysimilarity.

Itturnsoutthatbabyred-backedfairywrensalsoemergechirpingliketheirmoms.Andthemorefrequentlymothershadcalledtotheirerrs,themoresimilarwerethebabies’beggingcalls.Inaddition,theteamsetupaseparateexperimentthatsuggestedthatthebabybirdsthatmostcloselyimitatedtheirmom’svoicewererewardedwiththemostfood.Thisobservationhintsthateffectiveembryoniclearningcouldsignalneurological（神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的）strengthsofchildrentoparents.Anevolutionaryinferencecanthenbedrawn.”Asaparent,doyouinvestinqualitychildren,ordoyouinvestinchildrenthatareinneed?”Kleindorferasks.”O(jiān)urresultssuggestthattheymightbegoingforquality.”（1）.TheunderlinedphraseinParagraph1means“

”？

A.betheworst

B.bethebest

√

C.betheasbad

D.bejustasgood詞義猜測題。準(zhǔn)確理解上下文，利用but來猜測詞義。由前面胎兒出生前就可以辨別聲音結(jié)合but可知隨后說在胎教方面鳥兒做的更好或者最好。故而選B。（2）.WhatareKleindorfer’sfindingsbasedon?

A.Similaritiesbetweenthecallsmomsandchicks

√

B.TheobservationoffairywrensacrossAustralia

C.ThedatacollectedfromQueensland’slocals

D.Controlledexperimentsonwrensandotherbirds細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段第三行對FemakeAustraliansuperbfairywrenswerefound...和第三段第二行thered-backedfairywren...進行記錄，而非整個澳大利亞，排除B；由文章第三段第二三行Firsttheycollectedsounddatdfrom67nestsinfoursitesinQueenslang...并未提到當(dāng)?shù)厝耍畔⒉粶?zhǔn)確，故排除C；D項中并未提到其他鳥類，排除?；谖恼乱馑?，所有發(fā)現(xiàn)都是基于最后一段母雞和雌雞的相似性而進行的。所以選A。（3）.Embryoniclearninghelpsmotherbirdstoidentifythebabybirdswhich

A.canreceivequalitysignals

B.areinneedoftraining

C.fittheenvironmentbetter

√

D.maketheloudestcall推理判斷題。文章倒數(shù)第二段最后一句提到“......單獨的實驗表明模仿母鳥的聲音最接近的雌鳥會得到更多的食物?！焙妥詈笠欢巫詈笠痪洹白鳛楦改福闶窍胍|(zhì)量優(yōu)良的孩子還是想要需要幫助的孩子，我們的結(jié)果表明它們想要質(zhì)量優(yōu)良的孩子”，由此推斷母鳥通過胎教來確定最會模仿它們聲音質(zhì)量優(yōu)良的雛鳥無需過多幫助就能更好的適應(yīng)環(huán)境。所以答案選C。CAnewcommoditybringsaboutahighlyprofitable,fast-growingindustry,urgingantitrust（反壟斷）regulatorstostepintocheckthosewhocontrolitsflow.Acenturyago,theresourceinquestionwasoil.Nowsimilarconcernsaresbeingraisedbythegiants（巨頭）thatdealindata,theoilofthedigitalage.ThemostvaluablefirmsareGoogle,Amazon,FacebookandMicrosoft.Alllookunstoppable.Suchsituationshaveledtocallsforthetechgiantstobebrokenup.Butsizealoneisnotacrime,Thegiants'successhasbenefitedconsumers.Fewwanttolivewithoutsearchenginesoraquickdelivery,Farfromchargingconsumershighprices,manyoftheseservicesarefree（userspay,ineffect,byhandingoveryetmoredata）.Andtheappearanceofnew-borngiantssuggeststhatnewcomerscanmakewaves,too.

Butthereiscauseforconcern.Theinternethasmadedataabundant,all-presentandfarmorevaluable,changingthenatureofdataandcompetition.Googleinitiallyusedthedatacollectedfromuserstotargetadvertisingbetter.Butrecentlyithasdiscoveredthatdatacanbeturnedintonewservices:translationandvisualrecognition,tobesoldtoothercompanies.Internetcompanies’controlofdatagivesthemenormouspower.Sotheyhavea“God’seyeview”ofactivitiesintheirownmarketsandbeyond.Thisnatureofdatamakestheantitrustmeasuresofthepastlessuseful.BreakingupfirmslikeGoogleintofivesmalloneswouldnotstopremakingthemselves:intime,oneofthemwouldbecomegreatagain.Arethinkisrequired—andasanewapproachstartstobecomeapparent,twoideasstandout.Thefirstisthatantitrustauthoritiesneedtomoveformtheindustrialageintothe21stcentury.Whenconsideringamerger（兼并）,forexample,theyhavetraditionallyusedsizetodeterminewhentostepin.Theynowneedtotakeintoaccounttheextentoffirms'dataassets（資產(chǎn)）whenassessingtheimpactofdeals.Thepurchasepricecouldalsobeasignalthatanestablishedcompanyisbuyinganew-bormthreat.Whenthistakesplace,especiallywhenanew-borncompanyhasnorevenuetospeakof,theregulatorsshouldraiseredflags.

The

second

principle

is

to

loosen

the

control

that

providers

of

on-line

services

have

over

data

and

give

more

to

those

who

supply

them.Companies

could

be

forced

to

consumers

what

information

they

hold

and

how

many

money

they

make

form

it.Govemments

could

order

the

sharing

of

certain

kinds

of

data,with

users'

consent.Restarting

antitrust

for

the

information

age

will

not

be

easy

But

if

govemments

don't

wants

a

data

oconomy

by

a

few

giants,they

must

act

soon.

（1）.Whyisthereacalltobreakupgiants?

A.Theyhavecontrolledthedatamarket

√

B.Theycollectenormousprivatedata

C.Theynolongerprovidefreeservices

D.Theydismissedsomenew-borngiants細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位到第二段第一句，Suchsituationshaveledtocallsforthetechgiantstobebrokenup.Butsizealoneisnotacrime,...由such找到第一段第一句，urgingantitrust（反壟斷）regulatorstostepintocheckthose...可知因為這些巨頭控制了數(shù)據(jù)市場，人們才呼吁解散那些巨頭。故而選A。（2）.WhatdoesthetechnologicalinnovationinParagraph3indicate?

A.Datagiants’technologyisveryexpensive

B.Google’sideaispopularamongdatafirms

C.Datacanstrengthengiants’controllingposition

√

D.Datacanbeturnedintonewservicesorproducts推理判斷題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位到第三段最后兩句，Internetcompanies’controlofdatagivesthemenormouspower.Sotheyhavea“God’seyeview”ofactivitiesintheirownmarketsandbeyond.可知網(wǎng)絡(luò)公司對于數(shù)據(jù)的控制給了他們巨大的權(quán)利，它們甚至可以用上帝的眼光來看待它們的市場活動，這進一步加強了那些巨頭的地位。所以選C。（3）.Bypayingattentiontofirms’dataassets,antitrustregulatorscould

A.killanewthreat

B.avoidthesizetrap

√

C.favourbiggerfirms

D.chargehigherprices推理判斷題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位到第五段前三句，Thefirstisthatantitrustauthoritiesneedtomoveformtheindustrialageintothe21stcentury.Whenconsideringamerger（兼并）,forexample,theyhavetraditionallyusedsizetodeterminewhentostepin.Theynowneedtotakeintoaccounttheextentoffirms'dataassets（資產(chǎn)）whenassessingtheimpactofdeals.可知反壟斷組織以前一直是根據(jù)公司的規(guī)模來決定是否介入，而現(xiàn)在需要考慮那些公司的數(shù)據(jù)庫的范圍，所以答案選B。（4）.Whatisthepurposeoflooseningthegiants’controlofdata?

A.Bigcompaniescouldrelievedatasecuritypressure

B.Governmentscouldrelievetheirfinancialpressure

C.Consumerscouldbetterprotecttheirprivacy

D.Smallcompaniescouldgetmoreopportunities

√推理判斷題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位到第六段可知，大公司要披露給消費者它們掌握了多少信息，政府也要根據(jù)消費者的滿意度來決定。所以答案選D。DOldProblem，NewApproachesWhilecleanenergyisincreasinglyusedinourdailylife，globalwarningwillcontinueforsomedecadesafterCO2emissions（排放）peak.Soevenifemissionweretobegindecreasetoday，wewouldstillfacethechallengeofadaptingtoclimate.HereIwillstresssomesmarterandmorecreativeexamplesofclimateadaptation.Whenitcomestoadaptation，itisimportanttounderstandthatclimatechangeisaprocess.Wearethereforenottalkingaboutadaptingtoanewstandard，buttoaconstantlyshiftingsetofconditions.Thisiswhyinpartatleast，theUSNationalClimateAssessmentsaysthat:”thereisno‘one-sizefitall’adaptation.”Nevertheless，therearesomeactionsthatoffermuchandcarrylittleriskorcost.Aroundtheworldpeopleareadaptinginsurprisingways，especiallyinsomepoor

countries，F(xiàn)loodshavesomemoredamaginginBangladeshinrecentdecades.MohammedRezwansawopportunitywhereotherssawonlydisaster.Hisnot-for-profitorganizationruns100riverboatsthatserverasfloatinglibraries，scbools，andhealthclinics，andareequipmentwithsolarpanelsandothercommunicationfacilities.Rezwaniscreatingfloatingconnecticity（連體）toreplacefloodedroadsandhighways.Butheisalsoworkingatafarmorefundamentallevel：hisstaffpeoplehowtomakefloatinggardensfishpondspreventatarcationduringthewetseason.Aroundtheworld,peopleareadaptinginsurprisingways,especiallyinsomepoorcountries,FllodshavebecomemoredamaginginBangladeshinrecentdecades.MobammedRezwansawopportunilywhereotherssawonlydisaster.Hisnot-for-profitorganizationruns100riverboatsthatserveasfloatinglibraries,schoods,andhealthclinics,andareequippedwithsolarpanelsandothercommunicatingfacilities.Rezwaniscreatingfloatingconmetivity（連接）toreplacefloodedroadsandhighways.Butheisalsoworkingatafarmorefundamentallevel:hisstaffshowpeoplehowtomakefloatinggardensandfishpondstopreventstarvationduringthewetseason.ElsewhereinAsiaevenmoreastonishingactionsarebeingtaken.Chewang.NophellivesinamountaionousregioninIndia,whereheisknownastheIceMan.Thelossofglaciers（冰川）thereduetoglobalwarmingrepresentsanenormousthreattoagriculture.Withouttheglaciers,waterwillarriveintheriversattimeswhenitcandamagecrops.Norphel’sinspirationcomefromseeingthewasteofwateroverwinter,whenitwasnotneeded.Hedirectedthewastedwaterintoshallowbasinswhereitfroze,andwasstoreduntilthespring.Hisfieldsoficesupplyperfectlytimedirrigation（灌溉）water.Havingcreatedninesuchicereserves.Nophelcalculatesthathehasstoredabout200,000m3

ofwater.Climatechangeisacontinuingprocess,soNorhel’sicereserveswillnotlastforever.Warmingwillovertakethem.Butheisprovidingafewyearsduringwhichthefarmerswill,perhaps,beabletofindothermeansofadapting.IncreasingEarth’sreflectivenesscancooltheplanet.InsouthernSpainthesuddenincreaseofgreenhouses（whichreflectlightbacktospace）haschangedthewarmingtrendlocally,andactuallycooledtheregion.WhileSpainasawholeisheatingupquickly,temperaturesnearthegreenhouseshavedecreased.Thisexampleshouldactasaninspirationforallcities.Bypaintingbuildingswhite,citiesmayslowdownthewarmingprocess.InPeni,localfarmersaroundamountainwithaglacierthathasalreadyfallenvictimtoclimatechangehavebegunpaintingtheentiremountainpeakwhiteinthehopethattheaddedreflectivenesswillrestorethelife-givingice.Theoutcomeisstillfarfromclear,ButtheWorldBankhasincludedtheprojectonitsof‘100ideastosavetheplanet”.Moreordinaryformsofadaptationarehappeningeverywhere.AfriendofmineownsanareaoflandinwesternVictoria.Overfivegenerationsthelandhasbeentoowetforcropping.Butduringthepastdecadedecliningrainfallhasallowshimtoplanthighlyprofitablecrops.Farmersinmanycountriesarealsoadaptinglikethis—eitherbygrowingnewproduce,orbygrowingthesamethingsdifferently.Thisiscommonsense,Butsomesuggestionsforadaptingarenot.Whenthepollutingindustriesarguethatwe’velostthebattletocontrolcarbonpollutionandhavenochoicebuttoadapt,it’sanonsensedesignedtomakethecaseforbusinessasusual.Humanbeingswillcontinuetoadapttothechangingclimateinbothordinaryandastonishingways.Butthemostsensibleformofadaptationissurelytoadaptourenergysystemstoemitlesscarbonpollution.Afterall,ifweadaptintheway,wemayavoidtheneedtochangeinsomanyothers.（1）.TheunderlinedpartinParagraph2implies？

A.adaptationisanever-changingprocess

√

B.thecostofadaptationvarieswithtime

C.globalwarmingaffectsadaptationforms

D.adaptationtoclimatechangeischallenging推理判斷題。提問第二段劃線句暗示了什么。Onesizefitsforall意為通用的，以不變應(yīng)萬變的。整句話再說沒有通用的適用方法。第二段總述“氣候變化是一個過程，適應(yīng)性方法也在不斷地調(diào)整?！眲澗€句后一句由nevertheless開頭，后面這句話一定有關(guān)鍵信息，此句說明我們可以選擇其他風(fēng)險低和耗費低的方法。那么劃線句就是說劃線句adaptation的方法很多。故而選A。（2）.WhatisspecialwithregardtoRezwan’sproject?

A.Theprojectreceivesgovernmentsupport

B.Differentorganizationsworkwitheachother

C.Hisorganizationmakesthebestofabadsituation

√

D.Theprojectconnectsfloodedroadsandhighways細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位到第三段第二行，MohammedRezwansawopportunitywhereotherssawonlydisaster.以及他之后采取的用船充當(dāng)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的舉措可看出，充分利用了當(dāng)前條件。所以選C。（3）.WhatdidtheIceMandotoreducetheeffectofglobalwarming?

A.Storingiceforfutureuse

√

B.Protectingtheglaciersfrommelting

C.Changingtheirrigationtime

D.Postponingthemeltingoftheglaciers細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位到第四段第二行，Thelossofglaciers（冰川）thereduetoglobalwarming以及第四行Norphel’sinspirationcomefromseeingthewasteofwateroverwinter,whenitwasnotneeded.Hedirectedthewastedwaterintoshallowbasinswhereitfroze,andwasstoreduntilthespring.這句話講到他的方式是將冰川融化浪費的水儲存起來，等到需要的時候再使用。所以答案選A。（4）.WhatdowelearnfromthePeruexample?

A.Whitepaintisusuallysafeforbuildings

B.Theglobalwarmingtreadcannotbestopped

C.Thiscountryisheatinguptooquickly

D.Sunlightreflectionmayrelieveglobalwarming

√推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句，Bypaintingbuildingswhite,citiesmayslowdownthewarmingprocess.以及第六段的paintingtheentiremountainpeakwhiteinthehopethat...可知通過將墻涂成白色，利用光的反射原理可以緩解全球氣候變暖并且Peru的措施驗證了這一點。所以答案選D。（5）.Accordingtotheauthor,pollutingindustriesshould？

A.adapttocarbonpollution

B.planthighlyprofitablecrops

C.leavecarbonemissionalone

D.fightagainstcarbonpollution

√推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第七句，Whenthepollutingindustriesarguethatwe’velostthebattletocontrolcarbonpollutionandhavenochoicebuttoadapt,it’sanonsensedesignedtomakethecaseforbusinessasusual.可知目前你一些污染企業(yè)說它們已經(jīng)失去了對談污染的控制，但作者認(rèn)為這個說辭是胡說，一派胡言。故可直接選擇與失去控制相反的D項，即與污染積極斗爭。故而答案選D。（6）.What’stheauthor’spreferredsolutiontoglobalwarming?

A.settingupanewstandard

B.Readucingcarbonemission

√

C.Adaptingtoclimatechange

D.Monitoringpollutingindustries推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二行中，themostsensibleformofadaptationissurelytoadaptourenergysystemstoemitlesscarbonpollution.可知作者認(rèn)為最合理的應(yīng)對全球變暖的方法還是改變我們的能源系統(tǒng)來減少二氧化碳的排放，從根源上緩解氣后變暖。故而選擇B項。四、閱讀理解

16.PopulationChangeWhyistheworld’spopulationgrowing？Theanswerisnotwhatyoumightthink.Thereasonfortheexplosionisnotthatpeoplehavebeenreproducinglikerabbits,butthatpeoplehavestoppeddroppingdeadlikeflies.In1900,peoplediedattheaverageageof30.By2000theaverageagewas65.Butwhileincreasinghealthwasatupicalfeatureofthe20thcentury,decliningbirthratecouldbeadefiningoneofthe21st.Statisticsshowthattheaveragenumberofbirthsperwomanhasfallenfrom4.9intheearly1960sto2.5owadays.Furthermore,around50%oftheworld’spopulationliveinregionswherethefigureisnowbelowthereplacementlevel（i.e.2.1birthsperwoman）andalmostalldevelopednationsareexperiencingsub-repalanementbirthrate.Youmightthinkthatdevelopingnationswouldmakeuptheloss（especiallysince80%oftheworld’speoplenowliveinsuchnations）,butyou’dbewrong,Decliningbirthrateisamajorprobleminmanydevelopingregionstoo,whichmightcausecatastrophicglobalshortagesofworkforcewithinafewdecades.AgreatdeclineinyoungworkforceislikelytooccurinChina,forinstance.Whatdoesitimply?First,Chinaneedstoundergorapideconomicdevelopmentbeforeapopulationdeclinehitsthecountry.Sencond,ifotherfactorssuchastechnologyremainconstant,economicgrowthandmaterialexpectationswillfallwellbelowrecentstandardsandthiscouldinvitetrouble.Russiaisanothercountrywithpopulationproblemsthatcouldbreakitseconomicpromise.Since1992thenumberofpeopledyinghasbeenbiggenthanthatofthosebeingbornbyamassive50%,Indeedofficialfiguressuggestthecountryhasshrunkby5%since1993andpeopleinRussialiveashorterlifenowthanthosein1961.Whyisthisoccurring?Nobodyisquitesure,butpoordietanabovealllong-timealcoholismhavemuchtodowithit.Ifcurrenttrendsdon’tbend.Russia’spopulationwillbeaboutthesizeofYemen’sbytheyear2050.Inthenorthofindia,thepopulationisboomingduetohighbirthrates,butinthesouth,wheremosteconmoicdevelopmentistakingplace,birthrateisfallingrapidly.Inafurthertwist,birthrateishighestinpoorlyeducatedruralarceasanlowestinhighlyeducatedurbanareas.Intotal,25%ofIndia’sworking-agepopulationhasnoeducation.In2030,asixthofthecountry’spotentialworkforcecouldbetotallyuneducated.Onesolutionisobviouslytoimportforeignworkersviaimmigration.AsfortheUSA,itisalmostuniqueamongdevelopednationsinhavingapopulationthatisexpectedtogrowby20%from2010-2030,Moreover,theUSAhasatrackrecordofsuccessfullyacceptingimmigrants.Asaresultit’slikelytoseeariseinthesizeofitsworking-agepopulationandtowitnessstrongeconomicgrowthoverthelongerterm.（1）填空項1:___