機(jī)密★啟用前年下學(xué)期月高一聯(lián)考英語全卷滿分分，考試時(shí)間分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在本試卷和答題卡上。橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案；回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的、Ｃ三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatistheseasonnow?A.Spring.B.Autumn.C.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:TheleavesonthetreehaveturnedredandM:beforelongtherewillbesnowontheground.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whattimedothespeakersplantostartout?A.At2p.m.B.At3p.m.C.At5p.m.【答案】A【解析】第1頁(yè)/共27頁(yè)【原文】W:Isupposeweshouldreachthattownbyfiveo’clockintheafternoon.M:Thatmeanswe’llhavetotravelforaboutthreehours.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whydoesn’tthewomanbuyclothesnow?A.Theyarenotgood.B.Theyaretoocheap.C.Theyarestillexpensive.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Areyougoingtobuyanynewclothesthismonth?W:No,notyet.I’mwaitingforthepricestogodown.Thestoreswillsellclothescheaperattheendofthesummer.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.BeforeMary’sbirthday.B.OnMary’sbirthday.C.AfterMary’sbirthday.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Isanythingthematter,M:Oh,I’mOK.W:Butwhydoyoulooksoupset?M:Actually,IforgotMary’sbirthday.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.B.Running.C.Driving.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Ican’tcarrythisbaganymore.It’stooheavy.W:cancarryitabitfurther,can’tyou?M:No.Can’twestophere?W:Allright.第二節(jié)（共小題；每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的、Ｃ三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，第2頁(yè)/共27頁(yè)各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。6.Howlongdoesthewomanexpectthemantostay?A.Threedays.B.Fourdays.C.Overfourdays.7.Whatwillthefriendprobablydo?AStaywiththewoman.B.Phonethewoman.C.Helptheman.【答案】6.C7.C【解析】【原文】W:Howlongwillyouactuallybestaying,John?M:Oh,Idon’tthinkIcanstaymorethanthreeorfourdays.W:Isthatall?Idohopeyou’llstayalittlelonger.BeforeyougoIwanttoputyouintouchwithafriendwhocancertainlyhelpyouwithyourbusiness.M:I’dlovetoseehim.Thankyou.W:Heisawayatpresent.ButassoonasheesbackI’llgivehimaring.8.Whywasthewomanworried?A.Shewaslate.B.Themanwaslate.C.Theteacherwaslate.9.Whatwillthemanprobablyaskhisteachertodo?A.Finishclassintime.B.moreinclass.C.Speaklouderinclass.【答案】8.B9.A【解析】【原文】W:Oh,hi,Fred!Iwasreallyworried.Ididn’tknowwhethertosaveyouaplaceornot.Whyareyousolate?M:It’sourmathsteacher.Shealwayskeepsusinclassuntiltenpastten.W:Doesn’tsheknowthatyou’resupposedtogetoutatten?M:Iguessso.Butsheneverlooksatherwatch.Shejustkeepstalking.W:Don’tthestudentsplainaboutit?Iwouldsaysomething.第3頁(yè)/共27頁(yè)M:No.Everybodyistoopolite.W:youcouldtryandtalktoher.M:MaybeIwill.10.Wherearethetwospeakers?A.Atthebusstation.B.Intheirownhouse.C.Intheirneighbors’house.Howdoestheboyfeelaboutthenewkidsing?A.Eagertoseethem.B.Surprisedatthenews.C.Unwillingtoseethem.12.Whatwillthespeakersdo?AGivetheneighborstimetorelax.B.Preparewarmwaterfortheneighbors.C.Helptheneighborscarrytheirthingsin.【答案】10.BA12.C【解析】【原文】M:Look,Mom,thenewneighborshavejustarrived.shouldgosayhello.Ithinktheyhavekidsourage.W:Theydo.Imetthemwhentheyfirstcametolookatthehouse.M:Doyouknowthekids’names?W:Thegirl’snameisSusanandtheboy’sisPeter.M:Whatarewewaitingfor?Let’sgo!W:Notsofast!They’reprobablyverytiredfromtheirtrip.Givethemtimetorelaxalittleandgetorganized.M:Butwecouldhelpthemcarrytheirthingsin.W:Allright,butbecarefulnottogetintheway,doyouhear?M:Whydon’tyoubringthemsomethingcooltodrink?Theymustbethirstyaftertheirtrip.W:That’safineidea.mustdoallwecantomakethemfeelwele.13.Howlongdidittakethewomantowritethestory?第4頁(yè)/共27頁(yè)A.Awholeday.B.Abouttwohours.C.Abouttwodays.14.Wheredidthewomangetherideaforthestory?A.Ataparty.B.Inherstreet.C.Inthenewspaper.15.Whatisthestoryabout?A.Success.B.Money.C.AmannamedFred.16.Whatisunexpectedtothewoman?A.withtheman.B.Earningalotofmoney.C.thepetition.【答案】13.B14.C15.A16.C【解析】【原文】M:Oh,I’mBob.toourprogram.Sowhat’sthetitleofyourshortstory?W:CharlieHood.M:Howlongdidittakeyoutowriteit?W:Iwroteitinoneafternoon,abouttwohours,Ithink.M:Sowheredidyougettheideaforthestory?W:IreadsomethingonedayinthenewspaperaboutamannamedFred.Heearnedalotofmoneyabroadandhadapartyforeveryoneinhisstreet.Thatgavemetheidea.M:Andwhat’sthestoryabout?W:It’saboutamancalledCharlie,butit’salsoaboutsuccessandhowpeoplethinkaboutsuccess.M:Didyouexpecttowinthepetition?W:No.Ididn’t.Itwasapletesurprise!17.Whendoesthespeakerhavefreetime?A.Inthemorning.B.Intheafternoon.C.Intheevening.18.Whatcanthecampersdointheafternoon?A.Gofishing.B.Goswimming.C.Dosomecleaning.19.Howdothecamperspreparedinner?A.B.Carefully.C.Separately.20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Thecampingplan.B.Thecampinglife.C.Thecampingtrip.第5頁(yè)/共27頁(yè)【答案】17.A18.B19.A20.B【解析】【原文】DearMomandDad,Thisismyfifthdayatsummercamp.IguessIshouldtellyouaboutwhatIdoeveryday.First,everyonehastogetupat5:30a.m.Next,wehavetodosomecleaningbeforeourcampcounselor,estoinspecttheplace.Then,wehavebreakfastaround6:30a.m.Afterthat,wehavesomefreetime,soI’vebeengoingdowntothenearbyrivertofishforacoupleofhours.Butyesterday,theonlythingIcaughtwasanoldshoe.Greatcatch,Huh?intheafternoon,therearedifferentactivitieswecanchoosefrom,likeswimming,horsebackriding,andhiking.Intheevening,everyoneisgivenadifferentjobtogetdinnerready.Iwasinchargeofcookingthehotdogs,butIaccidentallydroppedtheminthefire,sowehadtoeatbeansinstead.Theotherkidsarealwayslaughingatmeaboutit.Atnight,wesitaroundacampfire,singingsongsandtellingstories.That’sfun,andwereallyenjoyourselves.Love,Brad第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分分）第一節(jié)（共小題；每小題分，滿分分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的、、、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ALookingtoletyourcreativityflowthissummer?Thissummer,avarietyofengagingartprogramsawaitteensaged13andup,offeringopportunitiesforcreativeexplorationandskilldevelopment.&Friday,3p.m.—5p.m.Startyourweekendwithsomeartandinspiration!EachFridaywenewgalleryadventures,differentmaterials,andtechniquestofeedyourcreativity.Staythewholetimeorstopbytoconnectwithartistsandothercreativeteens.Forages13—18,noregistrationrequired.Fee:Free.第6頁(yè)/共27頁(yè)Monday,July17—Friday,July21Thisyear’sChineseArtSchoolexploreshowartistsreacttoaplace,biningtextandpicturestocreatestatementsaboutlife.ArtistproducerSarahwillguideyourexplorationofworkingwithpaint.Thisfreecourseisfor14to17yearolds.Whetherartisjustahobbyorsomethingyouarestudying,ChineseArtSchoolwillhelpyoudevelopyourskillsasanartist.ThereisalsoachancetowinBronzeArtsinSaturday,June8,10a.m.—3p.m.Whatcanartmakingmaterialstellusaboutthenaturalworld,globaltrade,socialandculturalframeworks,andartists’ideas?ThisseriesofgalleryconversationsandstudioexperiencesimmerseparticipantsinhandsonexplorationwhileexploringthehistoryofamaterialoncesohighlyvaluedinChinathatitwasknownas“whitegold”.Materialsprovided;Preregistrationrequired.Fee:$50(members:$30).July26—August2,4:00p.m.—5:30p.m.JoinusaswecloseoutourArtistAcademywithanexhibitionandadanceperformance.ArtworkscreatedbyyouthinourArtistAcademy,a3weeksummercampwhereteensaged1417learnedtoplanpublicartworkswillbeonThiseventisfreeandopentothepublic.21.WhatisspecialaboutChinaintheMaking?A.willbechargedforit.B.canjoininitwithoutregistration.C.cantakepartinitatanytime.D.canlearnaboutChineseartsthere.22.Whicheventwilldisplayartworkscreatedbyteenagers?A.FiveDayCourse.B.ContemporaryGallery.C.ChinaintheMaking.D.Art&.DesignLabfor23.Thepassageismainlyabout__________.A.arthistorycoursesforteenagersB.variousartactivitiesavailableforteensC.tipsonhowtoimproveteenartskillsD.famousteenartistsandtheirworks【答案】21.A22.B23.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了為青少年提供的多種暑期藝術(shù)項(xiàng)目，包括活動(dòng)時(shí)間、內(nèi)容、第7頁(yè)/共27頁(yè)費(fèi)用及報(bào)名方式等。【21題詳解】ChinaintheMaking”部分“Preregistrationrequired.Fee:$50(members:$30).(需要提前注冊(cè)。費(fèi)用：50美元（會(huì)員：30美元）)”可知，此活動(dòng)需要預(yù)注冊(cè)且收費(fèi)。故選A。【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ContemporaryGallery”部分“ArtworkscreatedbyyouthinourArtistAcademy,a3weeksummercampwhereteensaged1417learnedtoplanpublicartworkswillbeon在我們“青少年藝14至17歲的青少年在這里學(xué)習(xí)如何規(guī)劃公共藝術(shù)品)”可知，該活動(dòng)將展示青少年創(chuàng)作的藝術(shù)作品。故選B?！?3題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Lookingtoletyourcreativityflowthissummer?Thissummer,avarietyofengagingartprogramsawaitteensaged13andup,opportunitiesforcreativeexplorationandskilldevelopment.(想要在這個(gè)夏天釋放自己的創(chuàng)造力嗎？今年夏天，為13歲及以上青少年準(zhǔn)備了豐富多彩的精彩藝術(shù)活動(dòng)，為他們提供了進(jìn)行創(chuàng)意探索和技能培養(yǎng)的機(jī)會(huì))”以及通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了為青少年提供的多種藝術(shù)活動(dòng)（artactivitiesB。BChina’stechniqueofgrowingJuncao,theherbal(草本的)plantusedinthegrowingofedible(可食用的)mushrooms,hascontributedtoglobalpovertyreduction,agronomistLinZhanxisaidattheDelegates’Passagebeforethe20thNationalCongressofthemunistPartyofChinaonOct.16,2022.trainingathomeandabroad,sendourexpertstoteachlocalfarmers,andwedoservethemheartandsoulasourbrothers,”saidLin,thechiefscientistoftheNationalJuncaoResearchCenter,whodiscoveredandsharesthismushroomgrowingtechnologybeyondChinaforyears.ThetechniquewaslaterpromotedfromEastChina’sFujianprovincetootherareasinthecountryandhasevenreachedcountriesacrosstheworld.Asafungi(真菌)expert,LinsaidhefirstcameupwiththeideaofusingJuncaograssinsteadofwoodforproducingmushroomsinthe1970s.In1971,Linwasthefirstpersontosuggesttheideaofcultivatingediblefungiinchoppedupwildgrass.AfteraresearchinruralareasinFujianprovincein1983,hedecidedtodoresearchtoputhisideaintopractice.Attheendof1986,LinsawthefirstJuncaomushroomgrowinginhislaboratory.Sincethen,Linandhisteamhavedevelopedthetechnologybyusing45differentkindsofgrassesasJuncaofungigrass.Juncaomoved17,700farmersoutofpovertyinNorthwestChina’sNingxiaHuiautonomousregion.The第8頁(yè)/共27頁(yè)techniquehasbeenpromotedto106countriesandregionsaroundtheworld.yearsago,villagersintheEasternHighlandsProvinceofPapuaNewGuineabegantolearnthismodernbiologicaltechnologywiththehelpofChineseagronomists.AftertheexperimentalplantingofJuncaograsswassuccessfulinPapuaNewGuinea,villagersshouted“Juncao,China!”toexpresstheirexcitement,Linsaid.ManypeopleintheSouthPacific,LatinAmericaandAfricancountrieshaveshakenpovertythroughgrowingJuncaograssandmushrooms,headded.Morethan12,000Chineseexpertshavebeentrainedtopromotethetechniqueworldwide,contributingChinesewisdomtotheachievementoftheUnitedNations’SustainableDevelopmentGoalsby2030,Linsaid.24.Accordingtothepassage,howisJuncaotechnologypromotedglobally?A.Byprovidingfinancialsupporttolocalfarmers.B.Byofferingtrainingandsendingexpertsabroad.C.Byestablishingresearchcentersinforeigncountries.D.BysellingJuncaograssseedstoothernations.25.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeLinZhanxi?A.Demandingandstrict.B.Ambitiousandproud.C.Generousandindependent.D.Devotedandcreative.26.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.ThedevelopingprocessofJuncaotechnology.B.ThegreatcontributionsofJuncaotechnology.C.TheglobalpromotionofJuncaotechnology.D.Thechallengesfacedintheinitialresearch.27.Whatisthevillagers’attitudetowardsgrowingJuncao?A.Indifferent.B.Opposing.C.Doubtful.D.Positive.【答案】24.B25.D26.A27.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要介紹林占熺研發(fā)的菌草技術(shù)，及其在國(guó)內(nèi)外推廣助力減貧，為聯(lián)合國(guó)可持續(xù)發(fā)展目標(biāo)貢獻(xiàn)中國(guó)智慧的情況?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的trainingathomeandabroad,sendourexpertstoteachlocalfarmers,andwedoservethemheartandsoulasourbrothers,”saidLin,thechiefscientistoftheNationalJuncao第9頁(yè)/共27頁(yè)ResearchCenter,whodiscoveredandsharesthismushroomgrowingtechnologybeyondChinaforyears.(“我們國(guó)家菌草工程技術(shù)研究中心首席科學(xué)家林（研究員）說道。多年來，他發(fā)現(xiàn)了這項(xiàng)食用菌種植技術(shù)，并一直在中國(guó)境外推廣分享。)”可知，菌草技術(shù)通過在國(guó)內(nèi)外提供培訓(xùn)以及派遣專家教授當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)民的方式在全球推廣。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“trainingathomeandabroad,sendourexpertstoteachlocalfarmers,andwedoservethemheartandsoulasourbrothers,”saidLin,thechiefscientistoftheNationalJuncaoResearchCenter,whodiscoveredandsharesthismushroomgrowingtechnologybeyondChinaforyears.(“我們提供國(guó)內(nèi)外培訓(xùn)，派遣專家指導(dǎo)當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)民，而且始終把他們當(dāng)作兄弟，全心全意地為他們服國(guó)家菌草工程技術(shù)研究中心首席科學(xué)家林（研究員）說道。多年來，他發(fā)現(xiàn)了這項(xiàng)食用菌種植技術(shù)，并一直在中國(guó)境外推廣分享。)”以及第三段中林占熺在20世紀(jì)70年代率先提出用菌草代替木材種蘑菇、多年研究實(shí)踐并不斷改進(jìn)技術(shù)的內(nèi)容可知，林占熺既富有創(chuàng)造力，又致力于技術(shù)推廣，由此可知，林占熺專注奉獻(xiàn)且富有創(chuàng)造力。故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Asafungiexpert,LinsaidhefirstcameupwiththeideaofusingJuncaograssinsteadofwoodforproducingmushroomsinthe1970s.In1971,Linwasthefirstpersontosuggesttheideaofcultivatingediblefungiinchoppedupwildgrass.AfteraresearchinruralareasinFujianprovincein1983,hedecidedtodoresearchtoputhisideaintopractice.Attheendof1986,LinsawthefirstJuncaomushroomgrowinginhislaboratory.Sincethen,Linandhisteamhavedevelopedthetechnologybyusing45differentkindsofgrassesasJuncaofungigrass.(作為一名真菌專家，林占熺表示，他在20世紀(jì)70年代首次提出用菌草代替木材種植1971年，他是第一個(gè)提出用切碎的野草培育食用菌這一想法的人。1983年在福建農(nóng)村地區(qū)進(jìn)行調(diào)研后，他決定開展研究，將自己的想法付諸實(shí)踐。1986年底，林占熺在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里看到了第一株菌草蘑45)順序講述了菌草技術(shù)從想法提出、調(diào)研實(shí)踐到成功培育、技術(shù)發(fā)展的過程。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的“AftertheexperimentalplantingofJuncaograsswassuccessfulinPapuaNewGuinea,villagersshouted“Juncao,China!”toexpresstheirexcitement,Linsaid.ManypeopleintheSouthPacific,LatinAmericaandAfricancountrieshaveshakenpovertythroughgrowingJuncaograssandmushrooms,headded.(第10頁(yè)/共27頁(yè)說。南太平洋、拉丁美洲和非洲國(guó)家的許多人通過種植菌草和蘑菇擺脫了貧困，他補(bǔ)充道。)”可知，村民因菌草種植成功而興奮，且該技術(shù)幫助很多人脫貧，由此可推斷村民對(duì)種植菌草持積極態(tài)度。故選D項(xiàng)。CManypeopleinAmericabelievethat“moreisbetter”.Collegestudentsoftensharethisideawhentheyuselaptopsinclass.Laptopsdoallowstudentstodomore,suchasgettingengagedinonlineactivities,andaccessinginformationfromtheInternet.Infact,studentswhouselaptopsoftentakemanymorenotesthanthosewhowritebyhand.Moreover,whenstudentstakenotesusinglaptops,theytendtotakenotes,writingdowneverywordtheteachersays.Obviously,theybelievethatitisadvantageoustotakemorepletenotesthatareusefulforlaterHowever,researchbyPamMuellerandDanielOppenheimershowsasurprisingresult.Acrosstheexperiments,MuellerandOppenheimerhadstudentstakenotesinaclassroomsettingandthentestedstudentsontheirmemoryforfactualdetail,theirconceptual(概念的)understandingofthematerial,andtheirabilitytogeneralizetheinformation.Halfofthestudentswereinstructedtotakenoteswithalaptop,andtheotherhalfwereinstructedtowritethenotesoutbyhand.Ineachstudy,however,thosewhowroteouttheirnotesbyhandhadastrongerconceptualunderstandingandweremoresuccessfulinapplyingthematerialthanthosewhotooknoteswiththeirlaptops.Whatdrivesthisunexpectedfinding?byhandisslowerandforcesstudentstolistencarefully.Theymustthinkaboutwhatisimportantandthensummarizetheinformationintheirownwords.Thisprocessmakesthebrainworkharderandhelpsthemunderstandandrememberbetter.Ontheotherhand,typingonalaptopissofastthatmanystudentswriteeverythingdownwithoutthinkingdeeplyaboutthelecture.Thistypeofnotetakingdoesnothelpthemlearnwell.TheresearchbyMuellerandOppenheimerservesasareminder,however,thatevenwhentechnologyallowsustodomoreinlesstime,itdoesnotalwaysfoster(促進(jìn))learning.Eventhoughlaptopsletstudentsrecordalotofinformationquickly,deeplearninghappenswhenthebrainmustworktochooseandsummarizekeyideas.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“verbatim”inthefirstparagraphmean?A.Exactlyasspoken.B.Regularlyastheydo.C.Creativelyasexpected.D.Perfectlyastold.29.WhatdoMuellerandOppenheimerfindintheirresearch?A.Studentswhotakenoteswithalaptoplearnmore.B.Collegeteachersincreasinglyturntotechnologyinclass.第11頁(yè)/共27頁(yè)C.Studentswhowriteouttheirnotesonpaperoutperformtherest.D.Morepletenotesareveryusefulforlater30.Whatisthemainpurposeofthethirdparagraph?A.challengeamonviewpoint.B.makeaprediction.C.provideadetailedexplanation.D.summarizethemainargument.31.Whatshouldstudentsdowhenitestolearningaccordingtothetext?A.Summarizekeyideasafterrecordinglectures.B.Usemorebrainpowerinsteadoftechnology.C.Haveamemorytestshortlyaftereachlesson.D.Focusonmemorizinginformationthoroughly.【答案】28.A29.C30.C31.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了Mueller和Oppenheimer的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，盡管電腦筆記更完整，但手寫筆記能促進(jìn)深度思考與理解，因其速度慢迫使學(xué)生概括重點(diǎn)；而快速打字易導(dǎo)致機(jī)械記錄，反而不利學(xué)習(xí)。【28題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞的下文“writingdowneverywordtheteachersays(寫下老師說的每一個(gè)詞)”可知，使用筆記本電腦做筆記的學(xué)生傾向于一字不差地記下筆記，畫線詞verbatim在此語境中指“逐字地，一字不差地”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Ineachstudy,however,thosewhowroteouttheirnotesbyhandhadastrongerconceptualunderstandingandweremoresuccessfulinapplyingthematerialthanthosewhotooknoteswiththeirlaptops.(并且更成功地應(yīng)用了這些材料)Mueller和OppenheimerC項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】Whatdrivesthisunexpectedfinding?byhandisslowerandforcesstudentstolistencarefully.Theymustthinkaboutwhatisimportantandthensummarizetheinformationintheirownwords.Thisprocessmakesthebrainworkharderandhelpsthemunderstandandrememberbetter.Ontheotherhand,typingonalaptopissofastthatmanystudentswriteeverythingdownwithoutthinkingdeeplyaboutthelecture.第12頁(yè)/共27頁(yè)Thistypeofnotetakingdoesnothelpthemlearnwell.(且迫使學(xué)生仔細(xì)傾聽。他們必須思考什么是重要的，然后用自己的話總結(jié)信息。這個(gè)過程使大腦更加努力地工作，幫助他們更好地理解和記憶。另一方面，在筆記本電腦上打字是如此之快，以至于許多學(xué)生在沒有深入思考講課內(nèi)容的情況下寫下了所有內(nèi)容。這種記筆記的方式并不能幫助他們學(xué)好)”可知，本段首先提出問題，然后通過對(duì)比詳細(xì)解釋了研究結(jié)果的成因，因此其主要目的是提供詳細(xì)解釋。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Eventhoughlaptopsletstudentsrecordalotofinformationquickly,deeplearninghappenswhenthebrainmustworktochooseandsummarizekeyideas.(盡管筆記本電腦可以讓學(xué)生快速記錄大量信息，但深度學(xué)習(xí)發(fā)生在大腦必須工作以選擇和總結(jié)關(guān)鍵思想的時(shí)候)”可知，文章表明使用筆記本電腦做筆記不利于動(dòng)用腦力進(jìn)行深度學(xué)習(xí)，因此學(xué)生應(yīng)該多用腦力而非依賴技術(shù)。故選B項(xiàng)。Dstayeduptoolatescrollingthroughyourphone,answeringemailsorwatchingjustonemoreepisode.Thenextmorning,youfeelsleepyandimpatient.Thatdessertorsandwichsuddenlylooksmoreappealingthanyourusualyogurtandberries.Thisisn’tjustaboutwillpower.brain,shortonrest,ispushingyoutowardquick,highcaloriefixes.Researchshowsthatnotenoughsleepdisturbshungersignals,weakensselfcontrolandincreasestheriskofweightgain.Lackofsleepmillions.MorethanonethirdofU.S.adultsregularlygetlessthansevenhoursofsleeppernight.Nearlythreequartersofadolescentsfallshortoftheremended810hoursofsleepduringtheschoolweek.Firstresponders,includingnurses,firefightersandemergencyworkers,areespeciallyvulnerableduetonightshiftsandvaryinguncontrollableschedules.Thesepatternsdisturbthebody’sinternalclockandarelinkedtoincreasedappetite,pooreatinghabitsandhigherrisksforobesityandmetabolic(新陳代謝的)disease.Studiesshowthatafterjustonenightofsleepdeprivation(匱乏),rewardrelatedareassuchastheamygdala,apartofthebrainthatdrivesmotivationandrewardseeking,beemorereactivetoinvitingfood.brainbeesmoreexcitedbyjunkfoodandlesscapableofresistingit.Participantsinsleepdeprivationstudiesnotonlyratedhighcaloriefoodsasmoredesirablebutwerealsomorelikelytochoosethem,regardlessofhowhungrytheyactuallyfelt.Sleepisasimportantasdietandexerciseinmaintainingahealthyweight.Fortunately,evenafewnightsofregular,highqualitysleepcanhelprebalancekeysystemsandstarttoreducesomeoftheseeffects.Inaculturethatpraiseshardworkandlatenights,sleepisoftentreatedasoptional.Sothenexttimeyoufindyourselfreachingforjunkfoodafterashortnight,recognizethatyourbiologyisreactingtostress.Sleepisyourmostpowerfultoolfor第13頁(yè)/共27頁(yè)appetitecontrol,energyregulationandlongtermhealth.32.Whydopeoplepreferhighcaloriefoodafterpoorsleep?A.Theyhaveanaturalpreferenceforit.B.Highcaloriefoodsaremoreattractive.C.Sleeplossstimulatesthebrainforappetite.D.Peopleareactuallyveryhungry.33.Accordingtothepassage,whyarefirstrespondersmorelikelytofromsleepproblems?A.Theirincreasedappetite.B.Theirlackofawareness.C.Theirshiftingschedules.D.Theirpooreatinghabits.34.Whatdoestheauthoradvocateinthelastparagraph?A.Gettingenoughsleep.B.Conductingmoresleepresearch.C.Stayingawayfromjunkfood.D.Promotingaculturalshift.35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheDangersofSleepDeprivationB.Sleep’sRoleinAppetiteControlC.TheBrain’sRewardSystemandSleepD.SleepLossandModernCulture【答案】32.C33.C34.A35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹睡眠不足會(huì)干擾饑餓信號(hào)、削弱自控力，使人偏愛高熱量食物，還提及相關(guān)人群影響及充足睡眠的重要性。【32題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“stayeduptoolatescrollingthroughyourphone,answeringemailsorwatchingjustonemoreepisode.Thenextmorning,youfeelsleepyandimpatient.Thatdessertorsandwichsuddenlylooksmoreappealingthanyourusualyogurtandberries.Thisisn’tjustaboutwillpower.brain,shortonrest,ispushingyoutowardquick,highcaloriefixes.(早上，你會(huì)感到困倦且煩躁。那塊甜點(diǎn)或三明治突然比你平時(shí)吃的酸奶和漿果更有吸引力。這不僅僅是意志力的問題。休息不足的大腦正促使你選擇能快速補(bǔ)充熱量的食物。)”以及第三段中的“Studiesshowthatafterjustonenightofsleepdeprivation(匱乏),rewardrelatedareassuchastheamygdala,apartofthebrainthatdrivesmotivationandrewardseeking,beemorereactivetoinvitingfood.brainbeesmoreexcitedbyjunkfoodandlesscapableofresistingit.(——如杏仁核等與獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)相關(guān)的區(qū)域，對(duì)誘人食物的反應(yīng)會(huì)更強(qiáng)烈。你的大腦會(huì)對(duì)垃圾食品更興奮，更難抵第14頁(yè)/共27頁(yè)抗其誘惑。)”可知，睡眠不足會(huì)刺激大腦，使其對(duì)高熱量食物更敏感、更渴望，從而讓人偏愛這類食物。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Firstresponders,includingnurses,firefightersandemergencyworkers,areespeciallyvulnerableduetonightshiftsandvaryinguncontrollableschedules.(的一線響應(yīng)者尤其容易受睡眠問題影響，因?yàn)樗麄冃枰弦拱?，且工作時(shí)間表不固定、難以掌控。)”可知，一線響應(yīng)者更可能有睡眠問題是因?yàn)樗麄兊墓ぷ靼啻尾还潭?。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Sleepisasimportantasdietandexerciseinmaintainingahealthyweight.Fortunately,evenafewnightsofregular,highqualitysleepcanhelprebalancekeysystemsandstarttoreducesomeoftheseeffects.Inaculturethatpraiseshardworkandlatenights,sleepisoftentreatedasoptional.Sothenexttimeyoufindyourselfreachingforjunkfoodafterashortnight,recognizethatyourbiologyisreactingtostress.Sleepisyourmostpowerfultoolforappetitecontrol,energyregulationandlongtermhealth.(在維持健康體重方面，睡眠與飲食和運(yùn)動(dòng)同樣重要。幸運(yùn)的是，即使是幾晚規(guī)律、高質(zhì)量的睡眠，也有助于重新平衡關(guān)鍵系統(tǒng)，并開始減輕部分上述不良影響。在崇尚努力工作和熬夜的文化中，睡眠往往被視為可有可無。所以，下次當(dāng)你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在睡眠不足的夜晚想吃垃圾食品時(shí)，要意識(shí)到這是你的身體在對(duì)壓力做出反應(yīng)。睡眠是你控制食欲、調(diào)節(jié)精力和維護(hù)長(zhǎng)期健康最有力的工具。)”可知，作者在最后一段強(qiáng)調(diào)了睡眠的重要性，倡導(dǎo)人們保證充足的睡眠。故選A項(xiàng)。【35題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，文章開篇指出睡眠不足會(huì)讓人偏愛高熱量食物，接著通過研究說明睡眠不足對(duì)大腦和食欲影響，提及受睡眠問題影響的人群，最后強(qiáng)調(diào)睡眠在控制食欲、維持健康等方面的重要作用，的標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題分，滿分分）Whetheryou’retalkingtoyourbestfriendorastranger,respectingthemshowsthatyou’rekindandconsiderate.Herearesomeeasywaystoshowrespectinyourlife.Practiceactivelisteningtoshowyourespectothers.andbequietwhensomeoneelseistalking.第15頁(yè)/共27頁(yè)____36____Evenifyoudisagree,trytoconsiderthepointofviewbeforeresponding.Whenyou’retalkingtosomeone,confirmtheiropinionsinyourownwords.canalsomentiontheirachievementstoletthemknowyouseehowhardthey’veworked.couldsaysomethinglike,“Whatyoujustsaidwascool.____37____”O(jiān)r,“Icantellyou’veworkedsuperhardtogetyourbusinesstheground.”inItshowsagreatdealofmaturity.Ifyoumessup,asimple“I’msorry”goesalongway.nottomakeexcusesforyourself.____38____Forexample,ifyouforgotadeadline,youcouldsay,“I’mreallysorry.I’llbesettingreminderssothisdoesn’thappenagain.”____39____Itisalwaysbettertokeepyourpromise.Ifyoumittoaneventormakeplanswithsomeone,ethroughonyourendofthedeal.Beingreliableshowsrespectforpeople’stime.Haveyourmaterialsinorderandpleteallthenecessaryworkaheadoftime.____40____Itcanbetoughatfirst,butit’sbettertobehonest.A.Sticktoyourword.B.Saynoifyoucan’tmit.C.totalkinsteadofmerelylistening.D.Nodtoshowyou’refollowinginagreement.E.Icantellyou’vethoughtalotaboutthistopic.F.Excusesareuselessifyouwanttocorrectyourmistakes.G.Itmightalsobehelpfultohaveaplantoavoidsuchmistakesagain.【答案】36.D37.E38.G39.A40.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了如何通過積極傾聽、肯定他人、誠(chéng)懇道歉和信守承諾等簡(jiǎn)單方法來表達(dá)對(duì)他人的尊重?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Practiceactivelisteningtoshowyourespectothers.andbequietwhensomeoneelseistalking.(練習(xí)積極傾聽以表示你尊重他人。當(dāng)別人說話時(shí)，要注視對(duì)方并保持安靜。)”以及下文“Evenifyoudisagree,trytoconsiderthepointofviewbeforeresponding.(即使你不同意，也要在回應(yīng)前試著考慮對(duì)方的觀點(diǎn)。)D選項(xiàng)“Nodtoshowyou’refollowinginagreement.()D項(xiàng)。第16頁(yè)/共27頁(yè)【37題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Whenyou’retalkingtosomeone,confirmtheiropinionsinyourownwords.canalsomentiontheirachievementstoletthemknowyouseehowhardthey’veworked.(和別人交談時(shí)，用自己的話確認(rèn)他們的觀點(diǎn)。你也可以提及他們的成就，讓他們知道你看到了他們的努力。)”可知，談話時(shí)可以提及別人的成就，讓他們知道你看到了他們的努力，且空處和下文“Or,“Icantellyou’veworkedsuperhardtogetyourbusinesstheground.”()”之間是選擇關(guān)系，由此可知，此處E選項(xiàng)“Icantellyou’vethoughtalotaboutthistopic.(我能看出來你對(duì)這個(gè)話題思考了很多。)”是對(duì)他人觀點(diǎn)的進(jìn)一步認(rèn)可，符合“確認(rèn)他人觀點(diǎn)”的要求，且與前文引語銜接自然，符合語境。故選E項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Ifyoumessup,asimple“I’msorry”goesalongway.nottomakeexcusesforyourself.(如果你搞)”以及下文“Forexample,ifyouforgotadeadline,youcouldsay,“I’mreallysorry.I’llbesettingreminderssothisdoesn’thappenagain.”(例如，如果你)”可知，此處需強(qiáng)調(diào)犯G選項(xiàng)“Itmightalsobehelpfultohaveaplantoavoidsuchmistakesagain.(制定一個(gè)計(jì)劃來避免再次犯這樣的錯(cuò)誤可能也會(huì)有幫助。)”既承接上文“不找借口”的建議，又引出下文“設(shè)置提醒”的具體例子，符合語境。故選G項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】Itisalwaysbettertokeepyourpromise.Ifyoumittoaneventormakeplanswithsomeone,ethroughonyourendofthedeal.Beingreliableshowsrespectforpeople’stime.(制定了計(jì)劃，就要履行自己的承諾。可靠體現(xiàn)了對(duì)他人時(shí)間的尊重。)”可知，本段圍繞“信守承諾”展開，A選項(xiàng)“Sticktoyourword.()題，符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Hav