法律英語復(fù)試真題及答案

一、單項選擇題（每題2分，共10題）1.Whichofthefollowingisacorrecttranslationof"duediligence"inlegalEnglish?A.仔細(xì)審查B.適當(dāng)注意C.責(zé)任心D.合法行為Answer:A2.Inlegaldocuments,whatdoes"amicuscuriae"mean?A.ApartytothecaseB.AfriendofthecourtC.AjudgeD.AnattorneyAnswer:B3.Whatisthetermforalegaldocumentthatsetsoutthetermsofacontract?A.MemorandumB.StatuteC.DecreeD.IndentureAnswer:A4."Mensrea"inlegalEnglishrefersto:A.TheactitselfB.TheintentionorguiltymindC.TheconsequenceD.ThelegalprocessAnswer:B5.Whatdoes"habeascorpus"mean?A.RighttoafairtrialB.RighttobeararmsC.Writofhabeascorpus(alegalactiontochallengethelegalityofdetention)D.RighttoprivacyAnswer:C6.Whichofthefollowingisacorrecttranslationof"jurisdiction"inlegalEnglish?A.AuthorityB.ResponsibilityC.CompetenceD.PermissionAnswer:C7.Whatisthetermforalegalprinciplethatpreventsapartyfromenforcingalegalrightthattheyhavepreviouslywaived?A.EstoppelB.PrecedentC.StatuteoflimitationsD.AbatementAnswer:A8."Expostfacto"inlegalEnglishrefersto:A.LawsthattakeeffectaftertheeventB.LawsthatareretroactiveC.LawsthatareineffectatthetimeoftheeventD.LawsthataretemporaryAnswer:B9.Whatdoes"subpoena"meaninlegalEnglish?A.AlegalnoticetoappearincourtB.ArequestforinformationC.AlegaldocumentthattransferspropertyD.AlegaldocumentthatsettlesadisputeAnswer:A10.Whichofthefollowingisacorrecttranslationof"staredecisis"inlegalEnglish?A.TostandbydecisionsB.TomakenewlawsC.ToignoreprecedentsD.TochallengerulingsAnswer:A二、多項選擇題（每題2分，共10題）1.Whichofthefollowingarecommonlegaltermsrelatedtocontracts?A.ConsiderationB.CapacityC.LegalityD.GoodfaithE.ForcemajeureAnswer:A,B,C,D,E2.WhataretheelementsofacrimeinlegalEnglish?A.ActusreusB.MensreaC.IntentD.ConsequenceE.JurisdictionAnswer:A,B,C,D3.Whichofthefollowingaretypesoflegaldocuments?A.ContractsB.StatutesC.DecreesD.WritsE.ConstitutionsAnswer:A,B,C,D,E4.Whatarethefunctionsofalegalsystem?A.TomaintainorderB.ToresolvedisputesC.ToprotectrightsD.TopromotejusticeE.TocreatelawsAnswer:A,B,C,D,E5.Whichofthefollowingarecommonlegalprinciples?A.DueprocessB.EqualprotectionC.HabeascorpusD.StaredecisisE.SubpoenaAnswer:A,B,C,D6.Whatarethetypesoflegalliability?A.NegligenceB.IntentionaltortsC.StrictliabilityD.CriminalliabilityE.CivilliabilityAnswer:A,B,C,D,E7.Whichofthefollowingarecommonlegaltermsrelatedtopropertylaw?A.OwnershipB.LeaseC.EasementD.MortgageE.ZoningAnswer:A,B,C,D,E8.Whataretheelementsofavalidcontract?A.OfferB.AcceptanceC.ConsiderationD.CapacityE.LegalityAnswer:A,B,C,D,E9.Whichofthefollowingarecommonlegaltermsrelatedtocriminallaw?A.CrimeB.OffenseC.PunishmentD.AccusationE.ConvictionAnswer:A,B,C,D,E10.Whatarethefunctionsofacourtsystem?A.TointerpretlawsB.ToapplylawsC.ToresolvedisputesD.TopunishoffendersE.ToprotectrightsAnswer:A,B,C,D,E三、判斷題（每題2分，共10題）1."Mensrea"isrequiredforallcrimes.Answer:True2.Acontractcanbevalidevenifonepartydidnotintendtoenterintoit.Answer:False3."Habeascorpus"isalegalprinciplethatensuresdueprocess.Answer:True4."Staredecisis"meansthatcourtsshouldalwaysfollowprecedent.Answer:True5.Alegaldocumentthattransferspropertyiscalleda"subpoena."Answer:False6."Expostfacto"lawsaregenerallyconsideredconstitutional.Answer:False7.Acourtcanonlyresolvedisputesbetweenpartieswhohavestanding.Answer:True8."Jurisdiction"referstotheauthorityofacourttohearacase.Answer:True9.Alegalprinciplethatpreventsapartyfromenforcingalegalrighttheyhavewaivediscalled"estoppel."Answer:True10."Consideration"isatermusedinbothcontractandtortlaw.Answer:True四、簡答題（每題5分，共4題）1.Explaintheconceptof"duediligence"inlegalEnglishanditsimportanceincontractlaw.Answer:DuediligenceinlegalEnglishreferstothecarefulinvestigationandverificationoffactsandcircumstancesbeforeenteringintoacontract.Itisimportantincontractlawbecauseithelpsensurethatthepartieshaveallthenecessaryinformationtomakeaninformeddecision,therebyreducingtheriskofdisputesandfraud.Duediligencecaninvolvereviewingfinancialstatements,conductingbackgroundchecks,andassessingthelegalandregulatorycomplianceoftheotherparty.2.Describetheelementsofavalidcontractandprovideanexample.Answer:Theelementsofavalidcontractincludeoffer,acceptance,consideration,capacity,andlegality.Forexample,ifPartyAofferstosellacartoPartyBfor$10,000,andPartyBacceptstheoffer,thereisanagreementinplace.PartyAandPartyBmustbothhavethecapacitytoenterintoacontract,theremustbeconsideration(somethingofvalueexchanged),andthecontractmustbeforalegalpurpose.Ifalltheseelementsaremet,thecontractisvalid.3.Explaintheconceptof"mensrea"anditssignificanceincriminallaw.Answer:MensreainlegalEnglishreferstotheintentionorguiltymindrequiredforacrime.Itissignificantincriminallawbecauseitdistinguishesbetweendifferentlevelsofcriminalresponsibility.Forexample,murderrequiresahigherdegreeofmensrea(intent)thanmanslaughter(negligence).Thepresenceofmensreahelpsdeterminetheseverityofthecrimeandtheappropriatepunishment.Withoutmensrea,anactmaybeconsideredanaccidentratherthanacrime.4.Describethefunctionof"staredecisis"inthelegalsystem.Answer:Staredecisisisalegalprinciplethatrequirescourtstofollowprecedentssetbyhighercourts.Itsfunctionistoensureconsistency,predictability,andfairnessinthelegalsystem.Byadheringtoestablishedprecedents,courtscanprovidestableandpredictablelegaloutcomes,whichhelpstomaintaintheruleoflaw.Staredecisisalsopromoteslegalcertaintyandreducestheriskofarbitraryorcapriciousdecisionsbyjudges.五、討論題（每題5分，共4題）1.DiscusstheimportanceoflegaltermsinlegalEnglishandtheirimpactonthelegalsystem.Answer:LegaltermsinlegalEnglisharecrucialbecausetheyprovideapreciseandstandardizedlanguageforlegaldocumentsandproceedings.Theiruseensuresclarityandconsistency,reducingtheriskofmisunderstandingsanddisputes.Legaltermsalsohelptomaintaintheintegrityandprofessionalismofthelegalsystem.Forexample,termslike"dueprocess"and"habeascorpus"havespecificmeaningsthatarerecognizedandrespectedbycourts,ensuringthatlegalrightsareprotected.Theuseoflegaltermsalsofacilitateseffectivecommunicationamonglegalprofessionals,judges,andlitigants,therebypromotingefficiencyandfairnessinthelegalsystem.2.Discusstheroleof"duediligence"inpreventinglegaldisputesinbusinesstransactions.Answer:Duediligenceplaysavitalroleinpreventinglegaldisputesinbusinesstransactionsbyensuringthatpartieshavethoroughlyinvestigatedandverifiedallrelevantfactsandcircumstancesbeforeenteringintoanagreement.Ithelpstoidentifypotentialrisks,suchasfinancialinstability,legalcomplianceissues,orcontractualambiguities,allowingpartiestoaddresstheseissuesbeforethetransactionisfinalized.Duediligencecaninvolvereviewingfinancialstatements,conductingbackgroundchecks,andassessingthelegalandregulatorycomplianceoftheotherparty.Byperformingduediligence,businessescanmakeinformeddecisions,reducethelikelihoodofdisputes,andprotecttheirinterests.Thisprocessalsofosterstrustandtransparencybetweenparties,leadingtomoresuccessfulandsustainablebusinessrelationships.3.Discussthesignificanceof"mensrea"indeterminingcriminalliabilityanditsimpactonthelegalsystem.Answer:Mensreaissignificantindeterminingcriminalliabilitybecauseitdistinguishesbetweendifferentlevelsofcriminalresponsibilitybasedontheintentionorguiltymindoftheaccused.Thepresenceofmensreahelpstoensurethatindividualsareonlyheldcriminallyliableforactstheyintendedorwerenegligentincommitting.Forexample,murderrequiresahigherdegreeofmensrea(intent)thanmanslaughter(negligence),andthepresenceofmensreaaffectstheseverityofthecrimeandtheappropriatepunishment.Thelegalsystemreliesonmensreatomaintainfairnessandjustice,asitpreventsindividualsfrombeingunfairlypunishedforaccidentsoractstheydidnotintend.Mensreaalsopromotesasenseofaccountabilityanddeterspotentialcriminalsby