高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省武漢某中學(xué)2025-2026學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期9月月考英語試卷第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AIntoday’sfast-paceddigitalworld,manyofusstrugglewithdistractionandburnout.It’schallengingtostayfocusedandproductivewithconstantinterruptionsandthepressuretomanagemultipletasks.Thereforewebringtoyou—TheSukhaapp.Sukhaisaproductivity-boostingfocusappthathelpsyoucompletetasksmoreefficientlybyprovidingtoolsthatpromotefocusandcommunitysupport.Thisproductivitysoftwaresilencesdistractions(干擾),playsfocusmusic,andstartsapomodorotimer(番茄計(jì)時(shí)器)withjustaclick.Sukhaensuresyoustayontrackandfinishyourworkfaster.FeaturesofSukhaPhoneDistractionElimination(消除)Silencedistractionsandcreateabestworkenvironmenttoensureyoustayfocusedonthetaskathand,minimizinginterruptionsandincreasingefficiency.Thenexttimeyoupickupyoursmartphone,thescreenwillautomaticallystartflashingtokeepyouawayfromit.FocusMusic●Offersaselectionoffocusmusictracksthathelpyougetintotheflowandmaintainyourconcentrationforlongerperiods.CommunityIntegration●Workalongsidefriendsandpeoplearoundtheworld.●Feelpartofasupportivecommunitybyseeingothersworkinginrealtime,providingmotivationandreducingthesenseofisolation(孤立).SukhaVSOtherProductivityAppsTherearemanyotherproductivityapps.Theyarealsosimpleandeasytouseandsetup.Whilethesetypesoftoolsofferdifferentfeatures,theytendtoworkinisolation.However,Sukhatakesauniqueapproach.WithSukha,yourneedsaremetinoneplace.Youcanintegrateotherappsintotheplatform.Forexample,byaddingyourCalendar,youensurethatyou’reontimeforanyupcomingonlinemeetings.Productivityisn’tlimitedtotheplatformbutextendstointegratedapps.Youhaveacompletesystemtoworksmarter.Thisdoesn’thappenelsewherebutwithinSukha.SukhaPricingWeareexcitedtoannouncethatSukhanowoffersa14-dayfreetrialforallnewusers.Aftertheconclusionofyour14-daytrial,youwillbeautomaticallymovedtotheBasicPlanatnocost.However,ifyouwishtocontinuewiththeProSubscription,youneedtopay$10permonth.IfyouhaveanyquestionsregardingtheSukhaProSubscriptionorthe14-daytrialversion,pleasedonothesitatetogetintouchwithoursupportteamatsupport@centered.app.So,whatareyouwaitingfor?1.WhatistheaimofSukha?A.Tocreatefocusmusic. B.Toproducenovelideas.C.Toenhanceworkingefficiency. D.Touniteawholecommunity.2.WhatisuniquetoSukha?A.It’seasytouseandsetup. B.Itprovidesdifferentfeatures.C.Itcanminimizeinterruptions. D.Itworkstogetherwithotherapps.3.HowwillSukhachargeusersafterthetrialperiod?A.Userswillcontinuetohaveaccesstoallfeaturesforfree.B.Userswillbechargedaone-timefeeof10afterthetrial.C.Userswillbecharged10permonthfortheProSubscription.D.UserswillautomaticallybemovedtotheProSubscriptionatnocost.【答案】1.C2.D3.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一款提高工作效率的應(yīng)用程序Sukha的情況?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Sukhaisaproductivity-boostingfocusappthathelpsyoucompletetasksmoreefficientlybyprovidingtoolsthatpromotefocusandcommunitysupport.(Sukha是一款提高工作效率的專注應(yīng)用程序，通過提供促進(jìn)專注和社區(qū)支持的工具，幫助你更有效地完成任務(wù))”可知，Sukha的目的是提高工作效率。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“However,Sukhatakesauniqueapproach.WithSukha,yourneedsaremetinoneplace.Youcanintegrateotherappsintotheplatform.(然而，Sukha采用了一種獨(dú)特的方法。有了Sukha，你的需求在一個(gè)地方得到滿足。你可以將其他應(yīng)用程序集成到平臺(tái)中)”可知，Sukha的特別之處是它能與其他應(yīng)用程序一起工作。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“However,ifyouwishtocontinuewiththeProSubscription,youneedtopay$10permonth.(但是，如果你希望繼續(xù)使用Pro訂閱，則需要每月支付10美元)”可知，試用期結(jié)束后，用戶將收取每月10美元的專業(yè)訂閱費(fèi)用。故選C。B“Areyoustillclimbingallthosestairs?”Thequestioncomesafterfriendssay,“You’relookinggood,”consideratelynotadding,“foryourage.”“Yup.Stilltappingupanddown.”Idoalittlesoftshoedancingforemphasis.“JustlikeShirleyTempleandBillWhatzisnameinthatmusicalyearsago.”Theyshaketheirheads.Sameoldquestion,sameoldresponse.They’vebeenjokingwithusaboutourhardwoodstairseversinceweboughtthisoldfarmhouse50yearsago.Therewerethreeflights,onefromthemainfloorbendingtothesecond,anarrowflighttothethird－floorrooms,andnarrowstairsdowntothebasement.Thestairsdidn’tseemaproblemwhenwemovedin.Wewereyounger,livelierandranupanddownmanytimesadaywithoutconcern.Thoughaswegrewolder,carryingaloadoffreshlywashedclothesfromthebasementtothethirdfloorcouldbetiringandwe’dhavetopausetocatchourbreathonthelandings.Ourdaughterbroughtafriendovertomeetthe“oldfolksathome”andonhisveryfirstvisithelookedupatthestairsandsaid,“Thesecouldbedangerous.Haveyoueverthoughtaboutputtingrubbertreadsonthem?”Wedidsoattherequestofmydaughter,butweremovedthemlaterbecausetheyweredustcollectors.Ourson,homefromtheWestCoastforavisitbutreallytocheckonhisagingparents,suggested,“Youmightinvestigateoneofthoseliftswhereyousitdown,pressabuttonandriseup.”“Whathappensifthere’sapowerfailure?”weprotested.“Andourlegshaveweakenedbecauseofnoexercise.”Somepeoplerun,somedrivetothegym,andotherswearwatchestocounttheirsteps.ButafewtripsupanddownstairsafterbreakfastgetmybloodflowingandthemusclesworkingandI’msetfortheday.OccasionallymybackachesandI’mreducedtoasnail’space.Butspeedisnolongerapriority.4.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodobyrespondingtoherfriendsinthatmanner?A.Showhergratitudefortheirconcern. B.Defendherdailyhabitofusingstairs.C.Stopthemfromaskingthesamequestion. D.Hideherembarrassmentaboutthebrokenstairs.5.Whattroublestheauthor’schildrenmostaboutthestairs?A.Theirsafety. B.Theirappearance.C.Theirmaintenance. D.Theireffectiveness.6.Howdothestairsbenefittheauthor?A.Theyprovideasenseofbelonging. B.Theyserveasareminderofherpast.C.Theyhelpherstayactiveandmobile. D.Theyofferabeautifulviewofthesurroundingarea.7.Whatsortofpersonistheauthor?A.Athleticanddetermined. B.Sensitiveandtraditional.C.Practicalandeconomical. D.Optimisticandindependent.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者在居住了50年的老農(nóng)場房子里，面對(duì)朋友和子女對(duì)家中眾多樓梯安全性的擔(dān)憂和各種建議，堅(jiān)持每天爬樓梯，并認(rèn)為爬樓梯有助于自己保持活力的故事?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段““Yup.Stilltappingupanddown.”Idoalittlesoftshoedancingforemphasis.“JustlikeShirleyTempleandBillWhatzisnameinthatmusicalyearsago.(“是的，還在樓上樓下跑呢。”我做了個(gè)軟鞋舞的小動(dòng)作來強(qiáng)調(diào)?！熬拖穸嗄昵澳遣恳魳穭≈械男闾m?鄧波兒和那個(gè)叫比爾什么的人一樣?！?”可知，作者用輕松幽默的方式回應(yīng)朋友關(guān)于爬樓梯的問題，強(qiáng)調(diào)自己仍在堅(jiān)持爬樓梯。結(jié)合最后一段“Butafewtripsupanddownstairsafterbreakfastgetmybloodflowingandthemusclesworking(但早餐后上下幾次樓梯能讓我血液循環(huán)，肌肉活動(dòng)起來)”可推知，作者把爬樓梯當(dāng)作日常鍛煉，是一種生活習(xí)慣。所以作者這樣回應(yīng)朋友是為了捍衛(wèi)自己使用樓梯的日常習(xí)慣。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Thesecouldbedangerous.Haveyoueverthoughtaboutputtingrubbertreadsonthem?(這些可能很危險(xiǎn)。你們有沒有想過在上面鋪橡膠踏板？)”以及第六段“Youmightinvestigateoneofthoseliftswhereyousitdown,pressabuttonandriseup.(你們可以考慮裝那種坐上去，按個(gè)按鈕就能上升的電梯)”可知，孩子們最擔(dān)心的是樓梯的安全性。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“ButafewtripsupanddownstairsafterbreakfastgetmybloodflowingandthemusclesworkingandI’msetfortheday.(但是早餐后上下爬幾次樓梯能讓我的血液流動(dòng)起來，肌肉活動(dòng)起來，我一天都精力充沛)”可知，樓梯幫助作者保持活躍和行動(dòng)能力。選項(xiàng)C（它們幫助她保持活躍和行動(dòng)能力）符合文意；選項(xiàng)A（它們提供一種歸屬感）、選項(xiàng)B（它們作為她過去的提醒）、選項(xiàng)D（它們提供周圍區(qū)域的美麗景色）文中均未提及，排除。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Somepeoplerun,somedrivetothegym,andotherswearwatchestocounttheirsteps.ButafewtripsupanddownstairsafterbreakfastgetmybloodflowingandthemusclesworkingandI’msetfortheday.OccasionallymybackachesandI’mreducedtoasnail’space.Butspeedisnolongerapriority.(有些人跑步，有些人開車去健身房，還有些人戴著手表計(jì)步。但早餐后上下爬幾次樓梯就能讓我血液流通，肌肉活動(dòng)起來，我一天都精神滿滿。偶爾我的背會(huì)疼，我就慢得像蝸牛一樣。但速度不再是首要考慮的因素)”可推知，面對(duì)背部疼痛等困難，作者依然堅(jiān)持爬樓梯，并且以積極的心態(tài)看待爬樓梯這件事，不依賴他人建議改變自己的習(xí)慣，體現(xiàn)出作者樂觀且獨(dú)立的性格特點(diǎn)。故選D。CLikerollingintoagasstationduringaroadtrip,whalesharksuseoilandgasplatformsasabriefstopduringtheirmigrationsofthousandsofkilometersacrosstheoceans.Thehuman-madestructuresattractmarinelife—includingthesharks’favoritesnack:plankton(浮游生物).Butexpertsworrythatthisattractioncouldputtheendangeredgiantcreaturesatriskofshipstrikeorchemicalpollution.SatellitetrackingofwhalesharksoffthecoastofwesternAustraliashowshowoilandgasplatformsinfluencethemovementsofthesegentlegiants,marineecologistBenD’Antonio,oftheAustralianInstituteofMarineScienceandUniversityofWesternAustralia,andcolleaguesreportedonJanuary18.“Thinkofseafloorfeatureslikeatruckstoponahighway,”D’Antoniosays.“Onafamilyvacation,weoftenpullintotruckstopstofuelupandgrabaquickbitebeforeheadingtoourfinaldestination.Whalesharksseemtobeusingseafloorfeaturesinasimilarway.”O(jiān)ver14years,theresearcherstagged78whalesharks,trackedtheirmovementsandcross-checkedthelocationoflandformcharacteristicstoseehowtheseaffectthesharks’routes.Whilenaturalcanyonsandseamountsalsoactasbriefstops,thisattractiontowardsoilplatforms—possiblyenhancedbyplankton’sattractiontotheplatforms’raysoflight—couldputthehugeanimalsatriskofbeinghitbyashiporpollutionfromoilspillsordischarges.It’simpossibletoknowexactlyhowmanyarebeingkilledbyshipsbecausetheirbodiessinkwithoutasign.Theresearchershopethisfindingwillhelpdecisionmakersmanagingmarineprotectedareasandraiseawarenessofthepotentialimpactonmarinelifewhenhuman-madeplatformsaredisusedornewstructuresarebuilt.“Thiswillbecomemorerelevantasdevelopmentsforrenewableenergybegintoaddadditionalstructuretomanycoastalareas,”D’Antoniosays.8.Whydowhalesharksuseoilandgasplatformsasabriefstop?A.Toadmiretheman-madestructures. B.Togetfoodattractedbytheplatforms.C.Toattractotherspeciesofmarinelife. D.Toattackshipsstoppingattheplace.9.Whatriskcanwhalesharksmeetwhenapproachingoilandgasplatforms?A.Collidingwithships. B.Missingtheirsnacks.C.Beinghuntedbypeople. D.Beingdisturbedbytourists.10.Whyisitimpossibletoknowexactlyhowmanywhalesharksarekilledbyships?A.Theirbodiesarequicklyeatenbypredators. B.Theirbodiessinkwithoutleavingatrace.C.Shipstrikesarerarelyreportedbysailors. D.Trackingdevicesfailtorecordfatalcollisions.11.Whatroledotheresearchershopethisfindingwillplay?A.Promotetheeconomyofcoastalcities.B.Improvethestabilityofthegasplatforms.C.Assistdecisionmakerswithstructureplanning.D.Helpcountriestoupgradeenergystructures.【答案】8.B9.A10.B11.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹鯨鯊將油氣平臺(tái)作停留點(diǎn)及此行為帶來的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與研究意義?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Likerollingintoagasstationduringaroadtrip,whalesharksuseoilandgasplatformsasabriefstopduringtheirmigrationsofthousandsofkilometersacrosstheoceans.Thehuman-madestructuresattractmarinelife—includingthesharks’favoritesnack:plankton(浮游生物).(就像在公路旅行中駛?cè)爰佑驼疽粯?，鯨鯊在跨越數(shù)千公里海洋的遷徙途中，會(huì)將石油和天然氣平臺(tái)當(dāng)作短暫停歇之處。這些人造建筑會(huì)吸引海洋生物——包括鯨鯊最喜愛的小吃：浮游生物。)”可知，鯨鯊把油氣平臺(tái)當(dāng)作短暫停留地是為了獲取被平臺(tái)吸引的食物。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Butexpertsworrythatthisattractioncouldputtheendangeredgiantcreaturesatriskofshipstrikeorchemicalpollution.(但專家擔(dān)心，這種吸引力可能會(huì)使這種瀕危的巨型生物面臨船只撞擊或化學(xué)污染的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。)”可知，鯨鯊接近油氣平臺(tái)可能會(huì)面臨與船只相撞的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選A。【10題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“It’simpossibletoknowexactlyhowmanyarebeingkilledbyshipsbecausetheirbodiessinkwithoutasign.(我們不可能確切知道有多少鯨鯊被船只殺死，因?yàn)樗鼈兊氖w毫無痕跡地沉入海底。)”可知，無法確切知道有多少鯨鯊被船只殺死是因?yàn)樗鼈兊氖w沉入海底，沒有留下痕跡。故選B?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Theresearchershopethisfindingwillhelpdecisionmakersmanagingmarineprotectedareasandraiseawarenessofthepotentialimpactonmarinelifewhenhuman-madeplatformsaredisusedornewstructuresarebuilt.(研究人員希望這一發(fā)現(xiàn)將有助于海洋保護(hù)區(qū)的決策者，并提高人們對(duì)廢棄人造平臺(tái)或建造新結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)對(duì)海洋生物潛在影響的認(rèn)識(shí)。)”可知，研究人員希望這一發(fā)現(xiàn)能在結(jié)構(gòu)規(guī)劃方面為決策者提供幫助。故選C。DIntheriskyworldofnucleararmscontrol,PrincetonstudentLepowskyisexploringhowrobotscanmakeinspectionsmoreaccurateandacceptabletohostnationsworriedaboutinvasive(侵入的)traditionalmethods.Hislatestresearchhasledtoarobotperforminginspectionswithoutsavingsensitiveinformation.“Thehostnationlikelywon’twantahumaninspectorpokingtheirnosearound,”saidLepowsky.“Butevenarobothasmemoryandsensorsacquiringdata.”Thegoalistohavehigh-confidenceinspectionswithouttherobotsavinginformation.Forexample,therobotwouldnotsaveradiationmeasurementsorcreatefloorplansofsensitiveareas.Thenewprototype(樣機(jī))isbuiltonaniRobotCreate3platform,aneducationalrobot.Robotsofferadvantagesoverhumaninspectors:theycantoleratehigherradiationlevels,aremoreconsistent,andcanbecheaper.Theyalsocanbeprogrammedtogeneratetrust,suchasnotusingcamerastoavoidseeingunwanteddetails.TheideafortherobotstartedwithLepowsky’sadviser,Glaser,whowascuriousaboutcreatinga“forgetfulrobot”thatcouldperformhighlyaccuratenucleararmsinspectionsbutforgeteverythingafterward.Thisledtoanevenmoreinterestingidea:“Ratherthanforgetting,we’renotevenrememberinginthefirstplace,”Lepowskysaid.Hebelievesthisfeaturecanreassurehostsconcernedaboutprivacy.Lepowskylikestheinterdisciplinarynatureofhiswork—drawingonbothhisroboticsandpolicyexpertise—andhelikesthatitrequiresabreadthofknowledge,notjustdepth.Hevaluesthathisresearchisgroundedinreal-lifeapplicationsforglobalsecurityandnuclearnonproliferation(防擴(kuò)散).Predictingwhentherobotmightbeusedinthefieldisdifficult.“It’seasytosay,today,it’snotveryrealistic,butyouhavetobereadyforifandwhenitbecomespossible,”saidLepowsky.Researchintothisproblemisveryactive.Becausearmscontrolischanging,thespecificobjectivesoffutureagreementsarehardtopredict.“Butwecanhopetheywillbepositive,andweneedtobeready,technically.“12.InwhichaspectisLepowsky’srobotdifferentfromhumaninspectors?A.Datasecurity. B.Memorycapacity. C.Socialacceptance. D.Userfriendliness.13.Whatissaidabouttherobotinparagraph3?A.Itsaccuratesystem. B.Itsprivacyrisks.C.Itsdesignmechanism. D.Itsoperationalproblems.14.WhatdoesLepowskylikeabouthiswork?A.Scientificresearchdata. B.Real-timetechnicalcooperation.C.In-depththeoreticalstudies. D.Integratedknowledgeacrossfields.15.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.Princeton’s“Forgetful”RobotsinGlobalSecurityB.No-MemoryRobots:TheFutureofNuclearChecks?C.NuclearArmsControl:RobotsorHumanInspectors?D.Lepowsky’s“Curious”RobotsforRadiationDetection【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了普林斯頓大學(xué)的學(xué)生Lepowsky在核軍備控制領(lǐng)域的研究，特別是他關(guān)于如何利用機(jī)器人進(jìn)行更準(zhǔn)確且為主辦國所接受的核查工作的探索?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段““Thehostnationlikelywon’twantahumaninspectorpokingtheirnosearound,”saidLepowsky.“Butevenarobothasmemoryandsensorsacquiringdata.”Thegoalistohavehigh-confidenceinspectionswithouttherobotsavinginformation.Forexample,therobotwouldnotsaveradiationmeasurementsorcreatefloorplansofsensitiveareas.(Lepowsky說：“東道國很可能不希望人類核查員到處窺探。但即便是機(jī)器人也有會(huì)采集數(shù)據(jù)的內(nèi)存和傳感器?！逼淠繕?biāo)是在機(jī)器人不保存信息的情況下進(jìn)行高可信度的核查。例如，機(jī)器人不會(huì)保存輻射測量數(shù)據(jù)，也不會(huì)繪制敏感區(qū)域的平面圖。)”可知，東道國不希望人類核查員到處窺探，而Lepowsky的機(jī)器人的目標(biāo)是在不保存信息，如不保存輻射測量數(shù)據(jù)、不繪制敏感區(qū)域平面圖的情況下進(jìn)行核查。所以Lepowsky的機(jī)器人與人類核查員在數(shù)據(jù)安全方面不同。故選A?！?3題詳析】主旨大意題。在文章第三段中，首先提到“Thenewprototype(樣機(jī))isbuiltonaniRobotCreate3platform,aneducationalrobot.(這款新的樣機(jī)是基于教育機(jī)器人iRobotCreate3平臺(tái)制造的。)”說明了機(jī)器人的樣機(jī)是基于一個(gè)教育機(jī)器人平臺(tái)搭建的。接著闡述“Robotsofferadvantagesoverhumaninspectors:theycantoleratehigherradiationlevels,aremoreconsistent,andcanbecheaper.Theyalsocanbeprogrammedtogeneratetrust,suchasnotusingcamerastoavoidseeingunwanteddetails.(與人類核查員相比，機(jī)器人具有一些優(yōu)勢：它們能夠承受更高的輻射水平，工作更加穩(wěn)定一致，而且成本可能更低。它們還可以通過編程來贏得信任，比如不使用攝像頭以避免拍攝到不必要的細(xì)節(jié)。)”介紹了機(jī)器人相較于人類核查員的優(yōu)勢，以及為了贏得信任所采用的編程方式，比如不使用攝像頭。還提到“TheideafortherobotstartedwithLepowsky’sadviser,Glaser,whowascuriousaboutcreatinga“forgetfulrobot”thatcouldperformhighlyaccuratenucleararmsinspectionsbutforgeteverythingafterward.Thisledtoanevenmoreinterestingidea:“Ratherthanforgetting,we’renotevenrememberinginthefirstplace,”Lepowskysaid.Hebelievesthisfeaturecanreassurehostsconcernedaboutprivacy.(關(guān)于這款機(jī)器人的想法最初來自Lepowsky的導(dǎo)師Glaser，他對(duì)制造一個(gè)能夠進(jìn)行高度精確的核武器核查、但事后會(huì)忘掉一切的“健忘機(jī)器人”很感興趣。這引出了一個(gè)更有意思的想法：“我們不是讓它事后忘掉，而是從一開始就不記錄任何信息。”Lepowsky說。他認(rèn)為這一特點(diǎn)可以讓那些擔(dān)心隱私問題的東道國放心。)”講述了機(jī)器人設(shè)計(jì)理念的起源以及最終確定的“從一開始就不記錄信息”這一特色，這些都圍繞著機(jī)器人的設(shè)計(jì)機(jī)制展開。所以關(guān)于第三段中提到的機(jī)器人，主要說的是它的設(shè)計(jì)機(jī)制。故選C。【14題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Lepowskylikestheinterdisciplinarynatureofhiswork—drawingonbothhisroboticsandpolicyexpertise—andhelikesthatitrequiresabreadthofknowledge,notjustdepth.Hevaluesthathisresearchisgroundedinreal-lifeapplicationsforglobalsecurityandnuclearnonproliferation(防擴(kuò)散).(Lepowsky喜歡自己工作的跨學(xué)科性質(zhì)——既利用了他在機(jī)器人技術(shù)方面的專業(yè)知識(shí)，也運(yùn)用了他在政策方面的專長——而且他喜歡這份工作需要廣泛的知識(shí)，而不僅僅是深度的專業(yè)知識(shí)。他很看重自己的研究是基于全球安全和核不擴(kuò)散的現(xiàn)實(shí)應(yīng)用。)”可知，Lepowsky喜歡他工作的跨學(xué)科性質(zhì)，即他的工作需要同時(shí)運(yùn)用到機(jī)器人技術(shù)和政策方面的專業(yè)知識(shí)，并且他喜歡這份工作需要廣泛的知識(shí)，而不僅僅是深度的專業(yè)知識(shí)。故選D?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，文章主要圍繞萊波夫斯基研發(fā)的不會(huì)保存敏感信息（即沒有記憶）的機(jī)器人展開，介紹了該機(jī)器人在核武器核查領(lǐng)域的研發(fā)背景、優(yōu)勢、設(shè)計(jì)機(jī)制等。文中提到這種機(jī)器人能夠在不保存信息的情況下進(jìn)行高可信度的核查，解決了東道國對(duì)隱私的擔(dān)憂，并且探討了雖然目前難以預(yù)測其在實(shí)際領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用時(shí)間，但針對(duì)該問題的研究很活躍，未來可能在核核查中發(fā)揮作用。選項(xiàng)B“No-MemoryRobots:TheFutureofNuclearChecks?(無記憶機(jī)器人：核核查的未來？)”既突出了機(jī)器人“無記憶”的特點(diǎn)，又點(diǎn)明了其與核核查的關(guān)系，并且以疑問的形式引發(fā)讀者思考，符合文章主旨。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文。從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Imagineyoubuyanewshirtanddonotintendtobuyanewjacket.Youwereperfectlyhappywithituntilyouworeitwiththenewshirt.However,youimaginethatthenewshirtmakestheoldjacketlookworn.Thenyoucan’thelpbuyanewjacketorevenmoretobetterfittheshirt._____16_____Thesimplestdescriptionofitisthescenarioofbuyingsomethingnewandreplacingouroldpossessionswithitemstomatchthenewone,evenifthatmeansanemptybankaccount._____17_____Becomeawareitishappening.Observewhenyouarebeingdrawnintoconsumptionnotbecauseyouareinactualneedofanitem,butonlybecausesomethingnewhasbeenintroduced._____18_____Astoremaybehavingagreatsaleonanewoutfit—butifthenewoutfitforcesyoutobuyanewpairofshoesorhandbagtomatch,itjustbecameamoreexpensivepurchasethanoriginallyassumed.Avoidunnecessarynewpurchases.RealizetheDiderotEffectisasignificantforceandovercomingitisverydifficult.Youmayavoidreplacingthoseendtablesatfirst,buteventually,atsomepointdowntheroad,youaregoingtobreakdownandbuynewonesthatbettermatchthenewcouch._____19_____ButthebestwaytoovercometheDiderotEffectistoneverallowittooverpoweryouinthefirstplace.Remindyourselfthatpossessionsdonotdefineyou._____20_____Yourpossessionsdonotdefineyouoryoursuccess—nomatterwhatmarketerswilltrytotellyou.A.Analyzeandpredictthefullcostoffuturepurchases.B.Buythingsfortheirusefulnessratherthantheirstatus.C.Weactuallycanemploythismindtrickinthefollowingways.D.Thetrueabundanceoflifeisnotfoundinthethingsthatyouown.E.Thenhowcanweresistthispatternofunnecessaryconsumerism?F.Thephenomenoncanbeowedtotheso-called“DiderotEffect”.G.Therearetimeswhenwehaveaproperneedtobuynewthings,admittedly.【答案】16.F17.E18.A19.G20.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了如何抵制不必要的消費(fèi)主義模式（狄德羅效應(yīng)）?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Imagineyoubuyanewshirtanddonotintendtobuyanewjacket.Youwereperfectlyhappywithituntilyouworeitwiththenewshirt.However,youimaginethatthenewshirtmakestheoldjacketlookworn.Thenyoucan’thelpbuyanewjacketorevenmoretobetterfittheshirt.”（假設(shè)你買了一件新襯衫，但不打算買一件新夾克。你本來對(duì)它很滿意，直到你把它和新襯衫一起穿。然而，你想象新襯衫使舊夾克看起來很破舊。然后你會(huì)忍不住買一件新夾克，甚至更多的衣服來更好地搭配這件襯衫。）可知，選項(xiàng)總結(jié)上文的現(xiàn)象叫什么。故F選項(xiàng)“這種現(xiàn)象可以歸因于所謂的“狄德羅效應(yīng)”?！鼻蓄}。故選F項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Thesimplestdescriptionofitisthescenarioofbuyingsomethingnewandreplacingouroldpossessionswithitemstomatchthenewone,evenifthatmeansanemptybankaccount.”（最簡單的描述就是買新東西，用新東西替換舊東西，即使這意味著銀行賬戶空了。）可知，選項(xiàng)承接上文，總起下文的各個(gè)標(biāo)題。故E選項(xiàng)“那么我們?nèi)绾蔚种七@種不必要的消費(fèi)主義模式呢?”切題。故選E項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Astoremaybehavingagreatsaleonanewoutfit—butifthenewoutfitforcesyoutobuyanewpairofshoesorhandbagtomatch,itjustbecameamoreexpensivepurchasethanoriginallyassumed.”（一家商店的一套新衣服可能正在大減價(jià)，但如果這套新衣服迫使你去買一雙新鞋或一個(gè)新手袋來搭配，那么它的購買成本就會(huì)比原先想象的要高。）可知，本段主要在說要考慮采購的全部成本。故A選項(xiàng)“分析和預(yù)測未來采購的全部成本?！睘楸径蔚臉?biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Youmayavoidreplacingthoseendtablesatfirst,buteventually,atsomepointdowntheroad,youaregoingtobreakdownandbuynewonesthatbettermatchthenewcouch.”（一開始你可能會(huì)避免更換那些茶幾，但最終，在這條路上的某個(gè)時(shí)刻，你會(huì)讓步，買一個(gè)更適合新沙發(fā)的新桌子。）根據(jù)下文“ButthebestwaytoovercometheDiderotEffectistoneverallowittooverpoweryouinthefirstplace.”（但克服狄德羅效應(yīng)的最好方法是，從一開始就不要讓它壓倒你。）可知，選項(xiàng)承接上文說明需要買新東西的必然性且與下文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故G項(xiàng)“不可否認(rèn)，有時(shí)候我們確實(shí)需要買新東西?！鼻蓄}。故選G項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Remindyourselfthatpossessionsdonotdefineyou.”（提醒自己，財(cái)產(chǎn)并不能定義你。）可知，選項(xiàng)承接上文進(jìn)一步說明且與下文為并列關(guān)系。上下文話題一致。故D選項(xiàng)“生活的真正豐富不在于你擁有的東西?！鼻蓄}。故選D項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Itwasabusymorningforme.AsIwaswalkingIsawanoldlady,maybeinher80s,standingquiteclosetothetraffic.Althoughmymindwas___21___,IthoughtIshouldwarnher.WhenI___22___thespot,Inoticedthatshewastryingtogetattentionofpassers-bybuttheyweretoobusyto___23___her.WhenItriedtogentlymoveherbacktoasafeplace,shesaidshehad___24___herkeyinthemiddleoftheroad.Ilookedaroundbutnoonestopped.IknewIwasgetting___25___butdecidedtohelp.Ontheroadwereofficegoersincarsaswellasschoolbuses___26___withchildren.Itwasthe___27___timeofthedaytocrossabusyroadwithoutatrafficlight.Icarefullysteppedontotheroadwavingmyhandswildwith___28___almostexpectingtobehitbyanoncomingvehicle.Imovedontothemiddleoftheroad___29___towavemyhand.JustthenaschoolbuswasapproachingmeandI____30____walkedinfrontofittostopit.Myexperiencehasbeenthatschoolbusdriversarealways____31____ofreckless(魯莽的)pedestrianslikeme.Iwon.Iquicklypickedupthekeyandranbackto____32____thekeytoher.Havingwatchedmyactionsfromthebus,theschoolchildrenletouta____33____andclapped.AsIturnedtocontinuemyhurriedwalk,theoldladypulledmebymyhandandgavemeabigwarm____34____.Ifeltsohappyandrelieved,hopingtheschoolchildrenwhowerewatchingmewoulddothesamewhentheir____35____comes.21.A.confused B.refreshed C.distracted D.occupied22.A.found B.passed C.reached D.marked23.A.catchupwith B.takenoteof C.makeroomfor D.lookupto24.A.dropped B.poured C.drawn D.thrown25.A.injured B.trapped C.interrupted D.delayed26.A.rushing B.talking C.barking D.withdrawing27.A.latest B.worst C.longest D.funniest28.A.surprise B.fear C.excitement D.delight29.A.continuing B.attempting C.starting D.pretending30.A.humbly B.adventurously C.courageously D.awkwardly31.A.considerate B.ignorant C.sick D.proud32.A.lend B.introduce C.promise D.return33.A.sigh B.whisper C.cheer D.laughter34.A.welcome B.hug C.treat D.applause35.A.choice B.arrangement C.turn D.will【答案】21.D22.C23.B24.A25.D26.A27.B28.B29.A30.C31.A32.D33.C34.B35.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述的是作者穿過繁忙的馬路幫助一位老人撿回鑰匙的經(jīng)歷。【21題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我的腦子里滿是心事，但我想我應(yīng)該提醒她。A.confused迷惑的；B.refreshed精神振作的；C.distracted注意力分散的；D.occupied忙的。根據(jù)上文中的“Itwasabusymorningforme.”可知，對(duì)作者來說，這是一個(gè)繁忙的清晨，由此可知，此處指的是作者滿是心事。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我到達(dá)現(xiàn)場時(shí)，我注意到她試圖引起路人的注意，但他們太忙了，沒有注意到她。A.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.passed通過；C.reached到達(dá)；D.marked標(biāo)記。根據(jù)上文中的“Althoughmymindwas______,IthoughtIshouldwarnher.”可知，作者雖然心事重重，但仍然認(rèn)為應(yīng)該提醒她，結(jié)合下文中的“Inoticedthatshewastryingtogetattentionofpassers-by”可知，作者注意到她想引起路人的注意，由此可知推斷，此處指的是作者“到達(dá)”現(xiàn)場后注意到的場景。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我到達(dá)現(xiàn)場時(shí)，我注意到她試圖引起路人的注意，但他們太忙了，沒有注意到她。A.catchupwith趕上；B.takenoteof注意到；C.makeroomfor為……騰出空間；D.lookupto尊敬。根據(jù)上文中的“Inoticedthatshewastryingtogetattentionofpassers-by”可知，注意到她試圖引起路人的注意，結(jié)合but可知，此處表示的是沒有人“注意到”她，符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我試圖輕輕地把她移到一個(gè)安全的地方時(shí)，她說她把鑰匙掉在路中間了。A.dropped掉落；B.poured倒，潑；C.drawn吸引；D.thrown拋，投，扔。根據(jù)下文中的“Iquicklypickedupthekeyandranbackto_____thekeytoher.”可知，作者迅速的撿回那把鑰匙，由此可推斷，此處指的是她把鑰匙“掉到”路中間，符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我知道我遲到了，但還是決定幫忙。A.injured受傷；B.trapped困??；C.interrupted中斷；D.delayed遲到。根據(jù)上文中的“Itwasabusymorningforme.”可知，對(duì)作者來說這是一個(gè)繁忙的早上，結(jié)合下文中的“butdecidedtohelp.”可知，作者仍決定去幫忙，由此可推斷，作者認(rèn)為自己可能是“遲到”了，符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)。【26題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：路上有開車上班的人，也有載著孩子們快速前進(jìn)的校車。A.rushing快速前進(jìn)；B.talking談?wù)?；C.barking（狗）吠叫；D.withdrawing撤退。根據(jù)下文中的“tocrossabusyroadwithoutatrafficlight.”可知，穿過沒有紅綠燈的繁忙道路，由此可知，此處指的是路上校車帶著孩子們“快速前進(jìn)”符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一天中穿過沒有紅綠燈的繁忙道路的最糟糕的時(shí)間。A.latest最新的；B.worst最糟糕的；C.longest最長的；D.funniest最有趣的。根據(jù)常識(shí)和下文中的“tocrossabusyroadwithoutatrafficlight.”可知，穿過沒有紅綠燈的繁忙道路，這應(yīng)該是“最糟糕的”時(shí)間，符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我小心翼翼地走上馬路，害怕地?fù)]舞著雙手，幾乎以為會(huì)被迎面而來的車輛撞到。A.surprise驚訝；B.fear害怕；C.excitement興奮；D.delight高興。根據(jù)語境和下文中的“almostexpectingtobehitbyanoncomingvehicle.”可知，幾乎預(yù)料到會(huì)被行駛中的車輛撞到作者，由此可知，此處應(yīng)是作者“害怕地”揮舞著雙手，符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我走到路中間，繼續(xù)揮手。A.continuing繼續(xù)；B.attempting嘗試；C.starting開始；D.pretending假裝。根據(jù)上文中的“Icarefullysteppedontotheroadwavingmyhands”可知，作者小心地走上馬路，并揮舞著雙手，結(jié)合下文中的“wavemyhand.”可知，此處再次提到揮舞著手，由此可知，此處應(yīng)指的是作者“繼續(xù)”揮舞著手，符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：就在這時(shí)，一輛校車向我駛來，我勇敢地走到前面攔住了它。A.humbly謙虛地；B.adventurously愛冒險(xiǎn)地；C.courageously勇敢地；D.awkwardly笨拙地。根據(jù)上文中的“Justthenaschoolbuswasapproachingme”可知，這時(shí)一輛小車朝著作者駛過來，結(jié)合下文中的“walkedinfrontofittostopit.”可知，作者卻走到車前攔住了校車，由此可知，此處應(yīng)指的是作者“勇敢地”攔住校車，符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)。【31題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我的經(jīng)驗(yàn)是，校車司機(jī)總是體諒像我這樣魯莽的行人。A.considerate考慮周到的；B.ignorant無知的；C.sick生病的；D.proud自豪的。根據(jù)語境和上文中的“Myexperiencehasbeenthatschoolbusdriversarealways”以及下文中的“Iwon.”可知，作者贏了，也就是說作者憑借著經(jīng)驗(yàn)認(rèn)為校車司機(jī)會(huì)“體貼”像作者這樣魯莽的行人突然出現(xiàn)在快速前進(jìn)的車前，符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)。【32題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我趕緊撿起鑰匙，跑回去把鑰匙還給她。A.lend外借；B.introduce介紹；C.promise答應(yīng)；D.return歸還。根據(jù)上文中的“shesaidshehad______herkeyinthemiddleoftheroad.”可知，作者是幫助一位老人去撿拾掉落在路中間，結(jié)合“Iquicklypickedupthekeyandranbackto”可知，作者快速的拾起鑰匙應(yīng)該是“歸還”給老人，符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在公共汽車上看到我的舉動(dòng)后，學(xué)生們發(fā)出了歡呼和掌聲。A.sigh嘆氣；B.whisper低語；C.cheer歡呼；D.laughter大笑。根據(jù)下文中的“andclapped.”可知，學(xué)生們給作者鼓掌，結(jié)合and可知，此處與“鼓掌”為并列關(guān)系，