高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省長沙市某中學2025-2026學年高二上學期第一次月考英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AAmusicfestivalisacommunityeventfocusingonliveperformancesofsingingandinstrumentplayingthatisoftenpresentedwithatheme.Onthelistarethemusicfestivalsforfansaroundtheworld.Findyourfavoritenow!FieldDayJanuary1,2023,SydneyFieldDaymeansNewYear’sDayforyoungpeopleinSydney.Seenasthecity’soriginalmulti-stageparty,it’sagatheringoffriendscomingtogetherforagreatfun-filledfirstdayoftheyear.There’sanairofhopeandpositiveenergyonaperfectsummer’sday.TheEnvisionFestivalFebruary27—March6,2023,UvitaTheEnvisionFestivalisanannualgatheringinCostaRicathataimstoprovideanopportunityfordifferentculturestoworkwithoneanothertocreateabettercommunity.Thefestivalencouragespeopletopracticeart,music,danceperformances,andeducation.Meanwhile,ourconnectionwithnatureisexpectedtobestrengthened.TheMcDowellMountainMusicFestivalMarch2—4,2023,PhoenixTheMcDowellMountainMusicFestivalisPhoenix’smusicalcelebrationofcommunityculture.Sinceitsfoundationin2004,ithasbeentheonly100%non-profitmusicfestivaldesignedtosupport,entertainandeducatethecommunity.Thefestivalattractsthousandsofvisitorseachyearfromaroundthecountry,anditisanopportunitytoexperiencetrueculture.TheOldSettler’sMusicFestivalApril20—23,2023,DaleTheOldSettler’sMusicFestivalisanationallyknownmusicfestivalforAmericanmusic.ThefestivalisheldinthecountryofTexasattheheightofthewildflowerseason.TheOldSettler’sMusicFestivaloffersgreatmusicandactivitiesforthewholefamily.1.InwhichcitycanpeopleenjoyafunNewYear’sDay?A.Phoenix. B.Uvita. C.Sydney. D.Dale.2.WhatisspecialabouttheMcDowellMountainMusicFestival?A.Itencouragespeopletoreceiveeducation. B.Itisnotaimedatmakingmoney.C.Itprovidesanopportunityforfriendgathering. D.Itfocusesonculturalexchanges.3.Whichfestivalsareconnectedwithnature?A.FieldDayandtheEnvisionFestival.B.TheEnvisionFestivalandtheMcDowellMountainMusicFestival.C.TheOldSettler’sMusicFestivalandtheMcDowellMountainMusicFestival.D.TheEnvisionFestivalandtheOldSettler’sMusicFestival.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了世界上的一些音樂節(jié)?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。由“FieldDay”部分中的“FieldDaymeansNewYear’sDayforyoungpeopleinSydney.(FieldDay是指悉尼年輕人的元旦)”可知，人們在悉尼能夠享受有趣的元旦。故選C?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。由“TheMcDowellMountainMusicFestival”部分中的“Sinceitsfoundationin2004,ithasbeentheonly100%non-profitmusicfestivaldesignedtosupport,entertainandeducatethecommunity.(自2004年成立以來，它一直是唯一一個100%非營利的音樂節(jié)，旨在支持、娛樂和教育社區(qū))”可知，自從建立以來，這個節(jié)日一直是非營利的。由此可知，它的目的不是賺錢。故選B。【3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。由“TheEnvisionFestival”部分的“Meanwhile,ourconnectionwithnatureisexpectedtobestrengthened.(與此同時，我們與自然的聯(lián)系有望得到加強)”和“TheOldSettler’sMusicFestival”部分中的“ThefestivalisheldinthecountryofTexasattheheightofthewildflowerseason.(這個節(jié)日在得克薩斯州野花盛開的季節(jié)舉行)”可知，這兩個音樂節(jié)與大自然有關。故選D。BIt’softensaidthatpeoplewhoarebornblindorlosetheirsight,especiallywhenyoung,cantouch,taste,smell,andhearbetterthanthosewhocansee.DonnaPosont,whoisblind,helpsothersusetheirenhancedhearingtodetectthousandsofbirdsongs.PosontisagraduateoftheUniversityofMichigan-Dearborn.Sheleadsamonthlyprogramshefoundedatthecollege.It’scalledBirdingbyEarandBeyond.It’sheldonSaturdayeachmonth.Duringtheprogram,Posontleadsvisually-impairedpeoplethrough120acresofcampusforest.Theylistenforthesoundsofmanybirds.Theseincludecrows,geese,chickadees,woodpeckers,robins,andred-wingedblackbirds.Participantslearntotellthesometimessubtledifferencesbetweenbirdspecies.Theyalsolearnhoweachbirdfitsintotheirhabitat.“Theworldisdesignedforsightedpeople,butnatureisaspecialplacewhereit’sokaytobeblind,”PosonttoldTheWashingtonPost.“Youcanuseyourothersensestolearnwhybirdsandnatureareimportantandhowitallworks(asone).Tome,that’sthebeautyofit.”Posontis67yearsold.Shehasbeenblindsincesecondgrade.Shewasbornwithretinitispigmentosa.It’saworseningconditionthataffectsthebackwalloftheeye.Shegraduatedinenvironmentalstudiesfromthecollege.She’salsoacertifiedinterpretiveguideandpart-timenaturalistatMichigan-Dearborn.JerusalemCrawleyfirstmetPosontatasummercampforthevisuallyimpaired.He’sbeenattendingherclassesfor15years.Asachild,Crawleysaidhehadnoideatherewerethousandsofbirdspecies.“Iusedtothinkallbirdswerealike,”CrawleytoldAudubonMagazine.“Thisopenedmyeyes,”hesaid.Throughherprogram,Posontnotonlyhelpsvisuallyimpairedindividualsconnectwithnaturebutalsoinspiresthemtochallengetheirperceptionsandembracetheworldthroughadifferentlens.Theabilitytoidentifybirdsbyearbecomesagatewaytounderstandingtherelationshipswithinecosystemsandthevalueofnature.4.WhatdoesPosont’sprogramfocuson?A.Trainingblindpeopletobenatureguides.B.Providingblindpeopleasafeoutdoorspace.C.Helpingblindpeopleidentifybirdsbysound.D.Leadingblindpeopletoprotectcampusforest.5.WhydoesPosontthinknatureisaspecialplaceforblindpeople?A.Naturehelpspeoplelearnaboutbirds’habitat.B.Naturebenefitsblindpeople’sphysicalhealth.C.Blindpeoplecanstudythebehaviorofwildlife.D.Blindpeoplecanexperiencenaturewithothersenses.6.Whatcanyouinferfromthelastparagraph?A.TheprocessofPosont’sprogram.B.ThechallengeofPosont’sprogram.C.ThedevelopmentofPosont’sprogram.D.ThesignificanceofPosont’sprogram.7.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.BirdingbyEar:AProgramfortheBlindB.BeautyofNature:AJourneyofDiscoveryC.NaturalSound:AJourneytotheUnknownD.DonnaPosont:AVolunteerforBirdProtection【答案】4.C5.D6.D7.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了盲人女性DonnaPosont如何利用聲音辨別鳥類,并以此為基礎創(chuàng)辦了BirdingbyEarandBeyond項目，幫助其他視障人士通過聽覺體驗自然世界。文章通過Posont的經(jīng)歷和項目參與者的感受，展現(xiàn)了自然界對視障人士的獨特意義，以及利用非視覺感官探索世界的可能性?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Duringtheprogram,Posontleadsvisually-impairedpeoplethrough120acresofcampusforest.Theylistenforthesoundsofmanybirds.Theseincludecrows,geese,chickadees,woodpeckers,robins,andred-wingedblackbirds.(在這個項目中，波斯特帶領視障人士穿過120英畝的校園森林。他們傾聽許多鳥的叫聲。這些鳥類包括烏鴉、鵝、山雀、啄木鳥、知更鳥和紅翼黑鳥)”可知，Posont的項目旨在幫助視障人士通過聲音辨別鳥類。故選C項。【5題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中Posont所說“Theworldisdesignedforsightedpeople,butnatureisaspecialplacewhereit’sokaytobeblind(這個世界是為視力正常的人設計的，但大自然是一個特殊的地方，在那里盲人也沒關系)”以及“Youcanuseyourothersensestolearnwhybirdsandnatureareimportantandhowitallworks.(你可以用你的其他感官來了解為什么鳥類和自然是重要的，以及它們是如何作為一個整體運作的)”可知，她認為自然界為視障人士提供了利用其他感官體驗世界的機會。故選D項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Throughherprogram,Posontnotonlyhelpsvisuallyimpairedindividualsconnectwithnaturebutalsoinspiresthemtochallengetheirperceptionsandembracetheworldthroughadifferentlens.Theabilitytoidentifybirdsbyearbecomesagatewaytounderstandingtherelationshipswithinecosystemsandthevalueofnature.(通過她的項目，Posont不僅幫助視障人士與自然聯(lián)系，還激勵他們挑戰(zhàn)自己的觀念，通過不同的視角擁抱世界。通過耳朵識別鳥類的能力成為理解生態(tài)系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部關系和自然價值的門戶)”可知，該段總結了Posont的項目的意義，說明它不僅幫助視障人士與自然建立聯(lián)系，更重要的是鼓勵他們挑戰(zhàn)感知，從不同的角度擁抱世界。通過辨別鳥類聲音，他們能夠理解生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中的關系和自然價值，從而實現(xiàn)自我成長。故選D項。【7題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“It’softensaidthatpeoplewhoarebornblindorlosetheirsight,especiallywhenyoung,cantouch,taste,smell,andhearbetterthanthosewhocansee.DonnaPosont,whoisblind,helpsothersusetheirenhancedhearingtodetectthousandsofbirdsongs.(人們常說，天生失明或失明的人，尤其是在年輕時，比那些能看見的人在觸覺、味覺、嗅覺和聽覺方面都要好。唐娜·波森特是盲人，她幫助其他人利用他們增強的聽覺來探測成千上萬的鳥鳴)”及第二段“Sheleadsamonthlyprogramshefoundedatthecollege.It’scalledBirdingbyEarandBeyond.(她領導著她在學院創(chuàng)立的一個月度項目)”及最后一段“Throughherprogram,Posontnotonlyhelpsvisuallyimpairedindividualsconnectwithnaturebutalsoinspiresthemtochallengetheirperceptionsandembracetheworldthroughadifferentlens.(通過她的項目，Posont不僅幫助視障人士與自然聯(lián)系，還激勵他們挑戰(zhàn)自己的觀念，通過不同的視角擁抱世界)”并結合全文可知，本文主要講述了DonnaPosont為視障人士創(chuàng)辦的BirdingbyEarandBeyond項目，該項目以聲音辨別鳥類為核心，并介紹了這個項目的具體安排及其意義。故選A項。CHowimportantarethefirstthreeepisodes(集)toashow?Thefirstthreeepisodesofadramaarecrucialforkeepingviewersengaged.TencentVideodatasuggeststhatalmost40%ofviewersabandonashowwithinthefirstthreeepisodes,with35%ofthoseabandoningitwithinthefirstsevenminutesofthefirstepisode.Butnow,theoldrulesofjudgingashowbyitsfirstfewepisodesarefading.Theaudiencehasdevelopedfromthedouble-speedwatchingatthebeginningtothecommentary-style(彈幕式)watching,andthentothefragmented(碎片化)watchingthatisappearingnow.Theaudience’sspeedofwatchingshowshasbeenspeedingup.Whentheaudienceismoreandmorecasualinwatchingshows,wecan’thelpbutask,isitbecauseshowsnowadaysarebad?Orisitbecausetheaudienceisimpatient?Foryoungpeoplewhoareactiveonsocialmedia,theyhavemanychoices.Whenanewshowcomesout,theywillnotwatchthefirstthreeepisodes,butgotoWeibo,Doubanandothersocialmediaplatformstowatchshortvideoclips.Whenashowcan’tgetpopularinthefirstweek,itbasicallyfails.ThepoetColeridgesaid“Water,watereverywhere,butnotadroptodrink.”Thisexplainsthevalueofshortvideos:inthecrowdedfieldofinformation,youcan’tgetanyusefulknowledge.Watchingshowsbyshortvideosisdifferentfromwatchingmoviesorreadingnovels.Whilewearesurroundedbyshortvideos,findingrealknowledgeisastruggle.Shortvideosofferinstantsatisfactionbutlackdepth,finallydestroyingtheartisticvalueoffilmandtelevision.Thisconstantstreamoffragmentedinformationcanmakeuslazythinkers.Nowadays,peopledon’thavethepatiencetowatchamovie,afamousbook,oranin-deptharticle.NeilPostman’swarningthatwe’rebecoming“amusedtodeath”isprovingtrue.8.WhatdoesthedatafromTencentVideosuggest?A.Viewers’expectationforshows.B.Viewers’impatiencewithshows.C.Viewers’opinionsonmakingshows.D.Viewers’reasonsforabandoningshows.9.Whyhavetheaudiencechangedtheirhabitsofwatchingshows?A.Theshowshavebecomelongertoday.B.Thequalityofshowshasdecreasedgreatly.C.Audiencemaynotlikewatchingshowsasbefore.D.Socialmediaprovidesmanychoicesofshortvideos.10.Whatistheinfluenceofwatchingshowsbyshortvideos?A.Itwillreduceviewers’confusion.B.Itwillnarrowviewers’horizon.C.Itwillweakenviewers’thinkingabilities.D.Itwillprovideviewersusefulknowledge.11.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthechangeinwatchingshows?A.Worried. B.Surprised. C.Uncertain. D.Satisfied.【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要講述了隨著觀看習慣的改變，電視劇的前幾集對觀眾吸引力的重要性減弱，以及碎片化觀看趨勢影響影視藝術價值?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章第一段中“TencentVideodatasuggeststhatalmost40%ofviewersabandonashowwithinthefirstthreeepisodes,with35%ofthoseabandoningitwithinthefirstsevenminutesofthefirstepisode.(騰訊視頻的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，近40%的觀眾在前三集就放棄了一部劇，35%的觀眾在第一集的前七分鐘就放棄了這部劇。)”可知，觀眾對電視劇的耐心不足。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章第三段“Whentheaudienceismoreandmorecasualinwatchingshows,wecan’thelpbutask,isitbecauseshowsnowadaysarebad?Orisitbecausetheaudienceisimpatient?Foryoungpeoplewhoareactiveonsocialmedia,theyhavemanychoices.Whenanewshowcomesout,theywillnotwatchthefirstthreeepisodes,butgotoWeibo,Doubanandothersocialmediaplatformstowatchshortvideoclips.Whenashowcan’tgetpopularinthefirstweek,itbasicallyfails.(當觀眾越來越隨意地看節(jié)目時，我們不禁要問，這是因為現(xiàn)在的節(jié)目不好嗎？還是因為聽眾沒有耐心？對于活躍在社交媒體上的年輕人來說，他們有很多選擇。當一部新劇播出時，他們不會看前三集，而是去微博、豆瓣等社交媒體平臺看短視頻。如果一部劇在第一周不受歡迎，它基本上就失敗了。)”可知，社交媒體提供了很多短視頻的選擇，改變了觀眾的觀劇習慣。故選D。【10題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段中“Thisconstantstreamoffragmentedinformationcanmakeuslazythinkers.(這種持續(xù)不斷的碎片化信息會讓我們變得懶惰。)”可知，這說明通過短視頻看劇會削弱觀眾的思維能力。故選C。【11題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段“Nowadays,peopledon’thavethepatiencetowatchamovie,afamousbook,oranin-deptharticle.NeilPostman’swarningthatwe’rebecoming“amusedtodeath”isprovingtrue.(現(xiàn)在，人們沒有耐心去看一部電影、一本名著或一篇深入的文章。NeilPostman警告說，我們正變得“被逗樂到死”，事實證明這是真的。)”可知，作者對觀劇習慣的改變感到擔憂。故選A。DWherewerethedullsoundsofflyinginsectshittingagainstthelightbulb?Eventheabsentsingingofcicadasorcrickets,whichevertheywere,hadquieteditsinstruments.Wherehavealltheinsectsgone?Ourownexistencedependsonadiverseinsectworld.Studiesshowthatwheremoreinsectspeciesarepresent,pollination(授粉)ismorereliable.AsDaveGoulson,professorofbiology,pointsoutinhisbookSilentEarth:AvertingtheInsectApocalypse,aboutthree-quartersofallcropsgrownbyhumansrequirepollinationbyanimals,thevastmajoritybyinsects.“Wecouldnotfeedtheglobalhumanpopulationwithoutpollinators,”hewrites.It’snotjustaboutbeesandbutterflies,thebeautifulinsects.Other,lessvisuallyappealingpollinatorssuchasflies,moths,andearwigsarealsoshowingdeclines.Severalofthesespeciesdon’tjustpollinate.Theyalsoeatthepest(害蟲)insectsthatruincrops.Itturnsoutthatecologistsandentomologistsaroundtheworldhavebeenwarningaboutdeclininginsectnumbersforyears.Theculpritsareclimatechange,habitatloss,lightpollution,intensivefarming,pesticideandfertilizeruse.Butit’sastruggletogetpeopletoact.Afterall,wehumanshaveacomplicatedrelationshipwithoursix-leggedfellowcompanions.WhocanforgetthehorrorofKafka’sMetamorphosis(《變形記》),whereatravellingsalesmanwakesuponemorningtofindhimselftransformedintoaninsect?Eveninsectslikebutterfliesandbeescanseemstrangewhenyoulookatthemclosely.Maybewe’vebeenignoringthembecausetheyseemdifferentfromus.Somestepsmaybeassimpleasturningoffartificiallight.ArecentstudyinChinafoundthattreesinBeijing,litbystreetlightsatnight,seemtohavetougherleaves.Inotherwords,insectsareprobablybeingstarvedinthearea.Weshouldchangeourattitudestoinsects.Thoseannoyingflieshoveringaroundyourfoodaresimplydoingwhattheywerebornfor.They’rerecycling.Withoutthemwemightbewonderingwhattodoaboutrotting(腐爛的)waste.Besides,they’refoodforbirds,andUKbirdpopulationshavegreatlydecreasedinrecentyears.12.Whatcanwelearnaboutinsectsinthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Insectdeclinethreatensglobalfoodsupply.B.Beautifulinsectscanhelpkillthepests.C.Lessappealinginsectsareontheincrease.D.Insectpollinationaffectsthecroptypes.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“culprits”meaninparagraph3?A.Causes. B.Solutions. C.Effects. D.Consequences.14.WhatdoestheauthorwanttosaybymentioningKafka’sMetamorphosis?A.Thebookofinsectsisinteresting.B.Unattractiveinsectsareignored.C.Ourrelationshipwithinsectsisfarfromsimple.D.Insectsareeverywhereinourlives.15.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toexplorethediversityoftheinsects.B.Tocomparethedifferentfeaturesofinsects.C.Toreviewthehistoryofhuman-insectrelationship.D.Towarnabouttheinsectdeclineanditseffects.【答案】12.A13.A14.C15.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章以昆蟲數(shù)量減少的現(xiàn)象切入，引出昆蟲對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和人類生存的重要性，并指出昆蟲數(shù)量下降是由于氣候變化、棲息地喪失、光污染、集約化農(nóng)業(yè)、殺蟲劑和化肥使用等因素造成的，并強調(diào)了人類對昆蟲的態(tài)度需要改變?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Wherewerethedullsoundsofflyinginsectshittingagainstthelightbulb?Eventheabsentsingingofcicadasorcrickets,whichevertheywere,hadquieteditsinstruments.Wherehavealltheinsectsgone?(那些飛行昆蟲撞擊燈泡時發(fā)出的沉悶聲響去哪兒了？就連蟬或蟋蟀那種若有若無的鳴叫聲也已消失得無影無蹤，仿佛它們的“樂器”也已停止了演奏。所有的昆蟲都去哪兒了？)”和第二段“Ourownexistencedependsonadiverseinsectworld.Studiesshowthatwheremoreinsectspeciesarepresent,pollination(授粉)ismorereliable.AsDaveGoulson,professorofbiology,pointsoutinhisbook

SilentEarth:AvertingtheInsectApocalypse,aboutthree-quartersofallcropsgrownbyhumansrequirepollinationbyanimals,thevastmajoritybyinsects.“Wecouldnotfeedtheglobalhumanpopulationwithoutpollinators,”hewrites.

(我們的生存依賴于一個多樣化的昆蟲世界。研究表明，昆蟲種類越多的地方，授粉就越可靠。生物學教授DaveGoulson在他的書《寂靜的地球：避免昆蟲末日》中指出，人類種植的所有作物中，約有四分之三需要動物授粉，其中絕大多數(shù)是昆蟲。“沒有傳粉媒介，我們無法養(yǎng)活全球人口，”他寫道)”可知，文章引出昆蟲數(shù)量下降的現(xiàn)象，并且重點說明了昆蟲對人類食物生產(chǎn)的重要性。并強調(diào)沒有授粉者，我們無法養(yǎng)活全球人口。這表明昆蟲數(shù)量下降威脅著全球糧食供應。故選A?！?3題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Itturnsoutthatecologistsandentomologistsaroundtheworldhavebeenwarningaboutdeclininginsectnumbersforyears.(事實證明，世界各地的生態(tài)學家和昆蟲學家多年來一直在警告昆蟲數(shù)量下降)”以及劃線詞下文“areclimatechange,habitatloss,lightpollution,intensivefarming,pesticideandfertilizeruse.(是氣候變化、棲息地喪失、光污染、集約化農(nóng)業(yè)、農(nóng)藥和化肥的使用。)”可推測，劃線詞所在句指出昆蟲數(shù)量下降的原因是氣候變化、棲息地喪失、光污染、集約化農(nóng)業(yè)、農(nóng)藥和化肥的使用?！癟heculprits”指的是這些導致昆蟲數(shù)量下降的因素、原因，culprits指“原因”，和causes同義，故選A。【14題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Butit’sastruggletogetpeopletoact.Afterall,wehumanshaveacomplicatedrelationshipwithoursix-leggedfellowcompanions.WhocanforgetthehorrorofKafka’sMetamorphosis (《變形記》),whereatravellingsalesmanwakesuponemorningtofindhimselftransformedintoaninsect?Eveninsectslikebutterfliesandbeescanseemstrangewhenyoulookatthemclosely.Maybewe’vebeenignoringthembecausetheyseemdifferentfromus.(但要讓人們行動起來是很困難的。畢竟，我們?nèi)祟惻c六條腿的同伴有著復雜的關系。誰能忘記卡夫卡的《變形記》（Metamorphosis）中的恐怖情節(jié)呢？一個旅行推銷員一天早上醒來，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己變成了一只昆蟲。即使是蝴蝶和蜜蜂這樣的昆蟲，當你仔細觀察它們時，也會覺得很奇怪。也許我們一直忽視它們是因為它們看起來和我們不同)”可推斷，作者用卡夫卡的《變形記》這本書的例子來進一步說明人類對昆蟲的復雜感情。故選C?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。文章從昆蟲數(shù)量減少的現(xiàn)象切入，并重點闡述了昆蟲數(shù)量下降的原因以及對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和人類生活的影響。作者通過一系列論證，呼吁人們重視昆蟲的價值，并采取措施保護昆蟲。因此，文章的目的是警告人們昆蟲數(shù)量下降及其影響。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項多余選項。Ifyou’relookingforreasonstostarttrainingyourself-discipline,thenyoucanbeginbylookingatthebenefitsofbeingself-disciplined.Herearesomepointsyoumaybeinterestedin.?ImprovedphysicalhealthIfyou’reself-disciplined,you’llbebetterabletosaynototheurgestoconductunhealthybehaviorslikeovereating,excessivedrinking,andsmoking.___16___.Suchbehaviorsincludeexercisingregularly,maintainingahealthydietandlifestyle,andevenmakingbehavioralchanges.?___17___Alackofself-disciplinecanleadtoprocrastination(拖延).Itcanalsoleadtoinabilitytoreachimportantgoals.Ifyoutendtoprocrastinate,youmayfindyourselfoftenworkingunderpressureandstrugglingtomeetdeadlines.Ifyou’reunabletoreachimportantgoals,itcancausestressandanxietyaboutthefutureandchipawayatyourself-confidence.Butifyoucanlearnself-discipline,you’llfindthatyou’relessstressedandanxiousbecauseyou’relivinguptoyourexpectationsanddoingwhatyousetouttodo.___18___.?Increasedself-worthandhappinessSelf-disciplineincreasesself-worthbecausewhenyouachievethegoalsyousetforyourself,youbuildbeliefandconfidenceinyourself.Eachachievement,nomatterhowsmall,isabuildingblock.___19___.Theyincreaseyourhappiness,too.Studiesshowthatthemoreproductivepeopleare,thehappiertheyfeel.?BetterinterpersonalskillsLearningself-disciplineisgreatforrelationships.___20___.Beingabletostopforamomentandreflectonhowyoufeelbeforeactingisanimportantinterpersonalskill.Ithelpsyouhandleconflicteffectivelywithoutbecomingoverlyprotectiveorlosingyourtemperandreactingangrily.A.ReducedstressandanxietyB.LessprocrastinationandmorerealisticexpectationsC.Asamatteroffact,self-disciplineisnotabouthowyouactD.ItwillalsobringpositiveemotionsandmakeyoufeelgoodaboutyourselfE.Aself-disciplinedpersonisbetterabletomanageemotionsintelligentlyF.Additionally,you’llfinditeasiertosticktobehaviorsthatpromotewell-beingG.Anumberofthemgraduallyformafirmbasisofbeliefandconfidencewithinyou【答案】16.F17.A18.D19.G20.E【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了自律的好處。【16題詳析】前一句“Ifyou’reself-disciplined,you’llbebetterabletosaynototheurgestoconductunhealthybehaviorslikeovereating,excessivedrinking,andsmoking.(如果你是自律的，你就能更好地對不健康行為的沖動說不，比如暴飲暴食、酗酒和吸煙。)”講的是自律可以幫助你拒絕不健康的行為，后一句“Suchbehaviorsincludeexercisingregularly,maintainingahealthydietandlifestyle,andevenmakingbehavioralchanges.(這些行為包括定期鍛煉，保持健康的飲食和生活方式，甚至是行為上的改變。)”列舉了積極健康的行為(如規(guī)律鍛煉、健康飲食等)，中間空格應起到“承接上句，引出下句”的作用，說明自律不僅能拒絕壞行為，還能堅持好行為。選項F“Additionally,you’llfinditeasiertosticktobehaviorsthatpromotewell-being(此外，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)更容易堅持促進健康的行為)”承接上文的“拒絕不良行為”，引出“堅持促進健康的行為”，與后文列舉內(nèi)容緊密呼應。故選F項?！?7題詳析】空格處是段落的小標題，根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容“Butifyoucanlearnself-discipline,you’llfindthatyou’relessstressedandanxiousbecauseyou’relivinguptoyourexpectationsanddoingwhatyousetouttodo.(但是如果你能學會自律，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)你的壓力和焦慮減少了，因為你不辜負你的期望，做你開始做的事情。)”可知，該段主要強調(diào)自律可以減少壓力和焦慮。所以A項“Reducedstressandanxiety(減少焦慮和壓力)”作為該部分的小標題，符合語境。故選A項。【18題詳析】空格處的句子“Butifyoucanlearnself-discipline,you’llfindthatyou’relessstressedandanxiousbecauseyou’relivinguptoyourexpectationsanddoingwhatyousetouttodo.(但是如果你能學會自律，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)你的壓力和焦慮減少了，因為你不辜負你的期望，做你開始做的事情。)”講自律能減少壓力和焦慮，因你達成了自己的目標?？崭裉帒獮閷η懊鎯?nèi)容的進一步補充。選項D“Itwillalsobringpositiveemotionsandmakeyoufeelgoodaboutyourself(它也會帶來積極的情緒，讓你自我感覺良好)”進一步說明自律的好處，填入空格處，符合語境。故選D項?！?9題詳析】前一句“Eachachievement,nomatterhowsmall,isabuildingblock.(每一項成就，無論多么小，都是一個基石。)”講的是每一次成就都是自信的基石，后一句“Theyincreaseyourhappiness,too.(它們也會增加你的幸福感。)”說這些成就也提升了幸福感?？崭裉帒菍Α俺删头e累自信”的進一步說明。選項G“Anumberofthemgraduallyformafirmbasisofbeliefandconfidencewithinyou(許多這樣的成就逐漸在你內(nèi)心建立起堅定的信念和自信)”承接“buildingblock”的比喻，自然過渡到幸福感的提升，邏輯清晰、語言連貫。故選G項?！?0題詳析】本段講自律對人際關系的積極影響。前句“Learningself-disciplineisgreatforrelationships.(學會自律對人際關系大有裨益。)”講自律對人際關系有好處，后句“Beingabletostopforamomentandreflectonhowyoufeelbeforeactingisanimportantinterpersonalskill.Ithelpsyouhandleconflicteffectivelywithoutbecomingoverlyprotectiveorlosingyourtemperandreactingangrily.(能夠在行動之前停下來思考一下自己的感受是一項重要的人際交往技巧。它可以幫助你有效地處理沖突，而不會變得過度保護或發(fā)脾氣和生氣。)”具體說明自律如何幫助控制情緒從而提升人際交往能力。選項E“Aself-disciplinedpersonisbetterabletomanageemotionsintelligently(自律的人更能明智地管理情緒)”承上啟下，既說明自律與人際關系的聯(lián)系，又為下文“控制情緒”提供了支持。故選E項。第三部分英語知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Thebondbetweenmotheranddaughterisirreplaceable.Oneofthemostfamouswomenscientistsofthe20thcentury,MarieCurie,worked___21___herdaughterIreneinthefieldofradioactivity,eachofthem___22___earningtheirownNobelPrize.Today,therearemore___23___mother-and-daughterpairsshowingwhathappenswhen___24___workstogether.InApril2020,Dr.CynthiaKudjiandherdaughterDr.JasmineKudjihavebecomethefirstmotheranddaughterto___25___fromthemedicalschoolatthesametimeandbeplacedinthesamehospital.CynthiaKudjiputherdreamofbecominga___26___onholdwhenshebecamepregnant(懷孕的)at23.Sheworkedasanurseforalmostadecade___27___makingthedecisiontoattendthemedicalschoolattheUniversityofMedicineandHealthSciences.___28___,herdaughterJasmineattendedLouisianaStateUniversitySchoolofmedicine.Atfirst,itwas___29___forthemtoliveandstudysofarapartfromoneanother.“IthoughtinitiallyitwashardbecausemymomandIhadalwaysbeenreally____30____soIhadtogetusedtothe____31____,”Dr.JasmineKudjiexplainstoAfroTech.Althoughtheexperiencewasdifficult,italsohad____32____results.“Sometimespeoplestruggletofindsomeonewho____33____theirstruggles,soforthatpersontobemymomwasextremelyhelpful,”sheadds.Afteryearsapart,bothCynthiaandherdaughterearnedtheirM.D.degree.Thenon“MatchDay”whenrecentmedschoolgraduates____34____theresultsoftheirresidency(高級專科住院生實習期)applications,CynthiaandJasminelearnedthattheywere____35____inthesamehospital.Thispairofmotheranddaughterprovesthatfamilycandoanythingtogether.21.A.under B.alongside C.for D.around22.A.constantly B.eventually C.initially D.occasionally23.A.inspiring B.moving C.shocking D.satisfying24.A.team B.community C.family D.class25.A.escape B.skip C.quit D.graduate26.A.nurse B.doctor C.student D.scientist27.A.after B.upon C.before D.with28.A.Therefore B.Besides C.Afterwards D.Meanwhile29.A.natural B.difficult C.boring D.important30.A.close B.nervous C.successful D.confident31.A.role B.distance C.journey D.relationship32.A.mixed B.apparent C.lasting D.beneficial33.A.relatesto B.appealsto C.adaptsto D.refersto34.A.announced B.confirmed C.discovered D.promoted35.A.rejected B.ranked C.praised D.placed【答案】21.B22.B23.A24.C25.D26.B27.C28.D29.B30.A31.B32.D33.A34.C35.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一對母女朝著同一方向共同努力最終獲得成功的故事?！?1題詳析】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：20世紀最著名的女科學家之一，MarieCurie，和她的女兒Irene一起在放射性領域工作，她們每個人最終都獲得了諾貝爾獎。A.under在……下面；B.alongside與……在一起；C.for為了；D.around圍繞。根據(jù)前文“Thebondbetweenmotheranddaughterisirreplaceable.”和后文“when______workstogether”可知，MarieCurie和她的女兒一起工作。故選B項。【22題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：母女之間的紐帶是不可替代的。20世紀最著名的女科學家之一，瑪麗·居里，和她的女兒艾琳一起在放射性領域工作，她們每個人最終都獲得了諾貝爾獎。A.constantly經(jīng)常；B.eventually最終；C.initially最初；D.occasionally偶爾地。根據(jù)常識以及后文“earningtheirownNobelPrize”可知，獲獎是奮斗的結果，經(jīng)過努力工作，最終她們獲得了諾貝爾獎。故選B項?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：今天，有更多鼓舞人心的母女展示了當家人一起工作時會發(fā)生什么。A.inspiring鼓舞人心的；B.moving令人感動的；C.shocking令人震驚的；D.satisfying令人滿意的。根據(jù)前文“earningtheirownNobelPrize”可以推知，還有更多的鼓舞人心的成功事例。故選A項?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：今天，有更多鼓舞人心的母女展示了當家人一起工作時會發(fā)生什么。A.team團隊；B.community社區(qū)；C.family家庭；D.class班級。根據(jù)前文“mother-and-daughterpairs”可知，一家人在一起工作。故選C項。【25題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：2020年4月，CynthiaKudji博士和她的女兒JasmineKudji博士成為第一個同時從醫(yī)學院畢業(yè)并被安置在同一家醫(yī)院的母親和女兒。A.escape逃跑；B.skip跳過；C.quit退出；D.graduate畢業(yè)。根據(jù)常識及后文“fromthemedicalschoolatthesametimeandbeplacedinthesamehospital”，結合選項可知，她們畢業(yè)后被安置工作。故選D項?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當CynthiaKudji在23歲懷孕時，放棄了她想成為一個醫(yī)生的夢想。A.nurse護士；B.doctor醫(yī)生；C.student學生；D.scientist科學家。根據(jù)語境及后文“Sheworkedasanurseforalmostadecade______makingthedecisiontoattendthemedicalschoolattheUniversityofMedicineandHealthSciences.”，結合選項可知，Cynthia曾經(jīng)是一名護士，但她夢想做一名醫(yī)生。故選B項。【27題詳析】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：在她決定去醫(yī)學與健康科學大學上醫(yī)學院之前，她做了將近十年的護士。A.after在……之后；B.upon在上面；C.before在……之前；D.with和……一起。前文“Sheworkedasanurseforalmostadecade”和后文“makingthedecisiontoattendthemedicalschoolattheUniversityofMedicineandHealthSciences”有時間上的前后關系，根據(jù)語境可知，在她去醫(yī)學院之前做過十年的護士。故選C項?！?8題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：與此同時，她的女兒Jasmine就讀于路易斯安那州立大學醫(yī)學院。A.Therefore因此；B.Besides除此之外；C.Afterwards后來；D.Meanwhile同時。根據(jù)前文“InApril2020,Dr.CynthiaKudjiandherdaughterDr.JasmineKudji