銀行英語筆試題庫及答案

一、單項選擇題（總共10題，每題2分）1.Whatisthetermfortheprocessofcheckingaborrower'screditworthinessbeforeapprovingaloan?A.UnderwritingB.ForeclosureC.AmortizationD.EscrowAnswer:A2.Whichofthefollowingisatypeofbankaccountthattypicallyearnsinterest?A.CheckingaccountB.SavingsaccountC.CertificateofdepositD.MoneymarketaccountAnswer:B3.Whatdoestheacronym"FDIC"standforinthecontextofbanking?A.FederalDepositInsuranceCorporationB.FederalDataInterchangeCenterC.FinancialDisclosureInstituteD.FederalDepositInvestmentCorporationAnswer:A4.Whichfinancialstatementshowsacompany'sfinancialpositionataspecificpointintime?A.IncomestatementB.BalancesheetC.CashflowstatementD.StatementofretainedearningsAnswer:B5.Whatisthetermfortheprocessofbuyingandsellingfinancialinstrumentstoinfluencetheirprice?A.ArbitrageB.HedgingC.SpeculationD.DiversificationAnswer:C6.Whichofthefollowingisatypeofloanthatrequirestheborrowertomakeregularpaymentsofprincipalandinterest?A.Interest-onlyloanB.Fixed-ratemortgageC.balloonloanD.RevolvingloanAnswer:B7.Whatisthetermfortheriskthataborrowerwilldefaultonaloan?A.CreditriskB.MarketriskC.LiquidityriskD.OperationalriskAnswer:A8.Whichofthefollowingisafinancialtoolusedtomanageriskbytransferringittoanotherparty?A.DerivativeB.HedgeC.SwapD.FuturescontractAnswer:B9.Whatisthetermfortheprocessofdividingacompany'sstockintomultipleshares?A.StocksplitB.ReversestocksplitC.StockbuybackD.StockdividendAnswer:A10.Whichofthefollowingisatypeoffinancialinstitutionthatprovidesloanstobusinessesandindividuals?A.InvestmentbankB.CommercialbankC.SavingsandloanassociationD.CreditunionAnswer:B二、多項選擇題（總共10題，每題2分）1.Whichofthefollowingarecommontypesofbankfees?A.MonthlymaintenancefeeB.OverdraftfeeC.ATMfeeD.EarlywithdrawalfeeAnswer:A,B,C,D2.Whatarethemaincomponentsofapersonalfinancialstatement?A.AssetsB.LiabilitiesC.EquityD.IncomeAnswer:A,B,C,D3.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesoffinancialrisks?A.CreditriskB.MarketriskC.LiquidityriskD.OperationalriskAnswer:A,B,C,D4.Whatarethekeyfunctionsofacommercialbank?A.AcceptingdepositsB.ProvidingloansC.OfferinginvestmentproductsD.FacilitatingpaymentsAnswer:A,B,D5.Whichofthefollowingaretypesofsavingsaccounts?A.High-yieldsavingsaccountB.MoneymarketaccountC.CertificateofdepositD.RegularsavingsaccountAnswer:A,B,C,D6.Whatarethemaintypesoffinancialinstruments?A.StocksB.BondsC.MutualfundsD.DerivativesAnswer:A,B,C,D7.Whichofthefollowingarecommonmethodsofloanrepayment?A.InstallmentloanB.Interest-onlyloanC.balloonloanD.RevolvingloanAnswer:A,B,C,D8.Whatarethemaintypesofinvestmentvehicles?A.StocksB.BondsC.MutualfundsD.Exchange-tradedfundsAnswer:A,B,C,D9.Whichofthefollowingarecommonfinancialratiosusedtoassessacompany'sfinancialhealth?A.CurrentratioB.Debt-to-equityratioC.ReturnonequityD.EarningspershareAnswer:A,B,C,D10.Whatarethemainfunctionsofthecentralbank?A.ConductingmonetarypolicyB.RegulatingcommercialbanksC.ProvidingfinancialservicestothegovernmentD.EnsuringfinancialstabilityAnswer:A,B,C,D三、判斷題（總共10題，每題2分）1.Acheckingaccountisatypeofsavingsaccountthattypicallyearnshighinterest.Answer:False2.TheFederalReserveisthecentralbankoftheUnitedStates.Answer:True3.Amutualfundisatypeofinvestmentvehiclethatpoolsmoneyfrommultipleinvestorstoinvestinadiversifiedportfolioofstocksandbonds.Answer:True4.Afixed-ratemortgageisatypeofloanwheretheinterestrateremainsthesamethroughoutthelifeoftheloan.Answer:True5.Creditriskistheriskthataborrowerwilldefaultonaloan.Answer:True6.Astocksplitincreasesthenumberofsharesacompanyhasoutstanding,butdoesnotchangethetotalvalueoftheshares.Answer:True7.Acommercialbankisatypeoffinancialinstitutionthatprovidesloanstobusinessesandindividuals.Answer:True8.Asavingsandloanassociationisatypeoffinancialinstitutionthatprimarilyprovidesmortgageloans.Answer:True9.Thecurrentratioisafinancialratiothatmeasuresacompany'sabilitytopayitsshort-termobligations.Answer:True10.Thecentralbankisresponsibleforsettingtheinterestratesforcommercialbanks.Answer:True四、簡答題（總共4題，每題5分）1.Whatisthedifferencebetweenasavingsaccountandacheckingaccount?Asavingsaccountisdesignedforindividualstodepositmoneyandearninterestontheirsavings.Ittypicallyhasahigherinterestratecomparedtoacheckingaccountbutmayhavelimitationsonthenumberofwithdrawalsortransferspermonth.Ontheotherhand,acheckingaccountisdesignedforeverydaytransactionssuchaswritingchecks,usingadebitcard,andmakingelectronictransfers.Ittypicallyhasalowerinterestrateornointerestatall,butoffersmoreflexibilityintermsofaccessingfunds.2.Whatarethemainfunctionsofacommercialbank?Themainfunctionsofacommercialbankincludeacceptingdepositsfromcustomers,providingloanstoindividualsandbusinesses,facilitatingpaymentsthroughvariousmethodssuchaschecks,debitcards,andelectronictransfers,offeringinvestmentproductssuchassavingsaccounts,certificatesofdeposit,andmutualfunds,andprovidingfinancialservicessuchascurrencyexchangeandsafedepositboxes.Commercialbanksalsoplayacrucialroleintheeconomybychannelingfundsfromsaverstoborrowers,thuspromotingeconomicgrowth.3.Whatisthepurposeofabalancesheet?Thepurposeofabalancesheetistoprovideasnapshotofacompany'sfinancialpositionataspecificpointintime.Itpresentsthecompany'sassets,liabilities,andshareholders'equity.Thebalancesheetfollowstheaccountingequation:Assets=Liabilities+Shareholders'Equity.Ithelpsstakeholders,suchasinvestors,creditors,andmanagement,assessthecompany'sfinancialhealth,solvency,andliquidity.Byanalyzingthebalancesheet,stakeholderscanunderstandthecompany'sabilitytomeetitsshort-termandlong-termobligations,itslevelofdebt,anditsoverallfinancialstability.4.Whatistheroleofthecentralbankintheeconomy?Thecentralbankplaysacrucialroleintheeconomybyformulatingandimplementingmonetarypolicy,regulatingcommercialbanks,providingfinancialservicestothegovernment,andensuringfinancialstability.Monetarypolicyinvolvesmanagingthemoneysupplyandinterestratestocontrolinflation,promoteeconomicgrowth,andstabilizethefinancialsystem.Thecentralbankalsooverseesthebankingsystem,setsregulationsandguidelinesforcommercialbanks,andactsasthelenderoflastresorttopreventfinancialcrises.Additionally,thecentralbankprovidesfinancialservicestothegovernment,suchasmanagingthecountry'sforeignexchangereservesandissuingcurrency.五、討論題（總共4題，每題5分）1.Discusstheimportanceofcreditriskmanagementinbanking.Creditriskmanagementiscrucialinbankingasithelpsbanksassessandmitigatetheriskofborrowersdefaultingontheirloans.Byeffectivelymanagingcreditrisk,bankscanprotecttheirassets,maintainprofitability,andensurethestabilityofthefinancialsystem.Creditriskmanagementinvolvesevaluatingaborrower'screditworthiness,settingappropriatelendingstandards,monitoringcreditexposure,andimplementingriskmitigationstrategiessuchasdiversificationandcollateralrequirements.Effectivecreditriskmanagementhelpsbanksmakeinformedlendingdecisions,allocatecapitalefficiently,andminimizelossesincaseofdefaults.2.Discusstheroleofsavingsandinvestmentinpersonalfinancialplanning.Savingsandinvestmentplayavitalroleinpersonalfinancialplanningastheyhelpindividualsachievetheirfinancialgoals,suchasbuyingahome,fundingeducation,savingforretirement,andcreatingwealth.Savingsinvolvesettingasideaportionofincometomeetshort-termandlong-termneeds.Itprovidesasafetynetforunexpectedexpensesandhelpsindividualsavoiddebt.Investment,ontheotherhand,involvesallocatingfundsintovariousfinancialinstrumentssuchasstocks,bonds,mutualfunds,andrealestatetogeneratereturnsandgrowwealthovertime.Personalfinancialplanninginvolvescreatingasavingsandinvestmentstrategythatalignswithanindividual'srisktolerance,timehorizon,andfinancialgoals.3.Discusstheimpactofinterestratesontheeconomy.Interestrateshaveasignificantimpactontheeconomyastheyinfluenceborrowingcosts,investmentdecisions,consumptionpatterns,andoveralleconomicactivity.Wheninterestratesarelow,borrowingbecomescheaper,encouragingbusinessestoinvestinexpansionandconsumerstospendmore.Thisstimulateseconomicgrowthandcanleadtoinflationarypressures.Ontheotherhand,wheninterestratesarehigh,borrowingbecomesmoreexpensive,discouraginginvestmentandconsumption.Thiscanslowdowneconomicgrowt