第第頁浙江省嘉興八校聯(lián)盟2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中聯(lián)考英語試卷一、閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AChinaisoneoftheworld'sancientcivilizationsandhastheearliestoutstandingbronzecastingtechnology.Herewe'vecreatedalistof4museumswhereyoucangainanin-depthunderstandingofChinesebronze.SanxingduiMuseumAddress:SanxingduiRuinSite,133XianRoad,Guanghan,Deyang,SichuanprovinceHours:ComprehensiveGallery(thefirstexhibitionhall):8:30-18:00;BronzeGallery(thesecondexhibitionhall):8:30-18:30.Lastticketssoldat17:00.ClosedonthemorningofChineseNewYear'sEveTicketbookingeneraladmission:Galleryticket80yuanNote:Childrenshorterthan1.2m(including1.2m)canvisitthegalleryfreeofcharge.Theticketmustbeusedonthedayitissoldandauthorizesonevisittoeachgallery.NationalMuseumofChinaAddress:EastsideofTian'anmenSquare,Dongchengdistrict,BeijingHours:8:30-17:00(noentryafter16:30)Generaladmission:Free(passportrequiredforentry),ClosedMondays(exceptfornationalholidays)E-mail:webmaster@ShanghaiMuseumAddress:201RenminAvenue,Huangpudistrict,ShanghaiHours:9:00-17:00(noentryafter16:00),ClosedMondays(exceptfornationalholidays)E-mail:webmaster@Generaladmission:free(amaxof8,000admitteddaily)HunanMuseumAddress:50DongfengRoad,Changsha,HunanprovinceHours:9:00-17:00(noentryafter16:00),ClosedMondays(exceptfornationalholidays)andtheeveofChineseNewYearTel:(+86-731)8415833,84475933E-mail:web@Generaladmission:Free(passportrequiredforentry)1．WhichmuseumshouldyouchooseforyourfamilytovisitnextMonday?A．SanxingduiMuseum B．HunanMuseumC．ShanghaiMuseum D．NationalMuseumofChina2．Whatdothesemuseumsinthispassagehaveincommon?A．Theyareallfreeofcharge.B．Theyallsetadeadlineforentry.C．TheyalllieinthesouthofChina.D．TheycanallbeavailablethroughE-mail.3．Inwhichpartofanewspapercanyoumostprobablyreadthispassage?A．Science B．Today'sNewsC．Entertainment D．HistoryandCulture二、BZoeChamberswasasuccessfulPR(PublicRelations)consultant(顧問)andlifewasgoingwell—shehadagreatjob,abeautifulflatandabusysociallifeinLondon.ThenoneeveninginJunelastyear,shereceivedatextmessagetellinghershewasoutofwork.Thefirsttwoweekswerethemostdifficulttolivethrough."shesaid."AftereverythingI'ddoneforthecompany,theydismissedmebytext!IwasSoangryandIjustdidn'tfeellikelookingforanotherjob.Ihatedeverythingaboutthecityandmylife."Then,Zoereceivedaninvitationfromanoldschoolfriend,Kathy,tocomeandstay.Kathyandherhusband,Huw,hadjustboughtafarminnorth-westWales.ZoejumpedatthechancetospendaweekendawayfromLondon,andnow,tenmonthslater,sheisstillonthefarm."ThemomentIarrivedatKathy'sfarm,IloveditandIknewIwantedtostay."saidZoe."Everythingaboutmypastlifesuddenlyseemedmeaningless."ZoehasbeenworkingonthefarmsinceOctoberoflastyearandsaysshehasnoregrets."It'sahardlife,physicallyverytiring."shesays."InLondonIwasstressedandoftenmentallyexhausted.Butthisisagood,healthytiredness.Here,allIneedtoputmeinagoodmoodisahotbathandoneofKathy'swonderfuldinners."Zoesaysshehasneverfeltboredonthefarm.Everydaybringsanewexperience.Kathyhasbeenteachingherhowtorideahorseandshehaslearnttodriveatractor.SinceChristmas,shehasbeenhelpingwiththelambing-—watchingalambbeingbornisunbelievable,shesays,"It'soneofthemostmovingexperiencesI'veeverhad.Icouldnevergobacktocitylifenow."4．WhenworkingasaPRconsultantinLondon,Zoethoughtshelivedalife.A．satisfying B．tough C．meaningless D．boring5．ThemostimportantreasonwhyZoewenttovisitKathy'sfarmisthat.A．ZoelostherjobasaPRconsultantB．KathypersuadedhertodosoC．ZoegottiredofthecitylifeD．ZoelovedWalesmarethanLondon6．HowdoesZoefeelaboutthecountrylifeaccordingtothepassage?A．Tiresomeandtroublesome. B．RomanticandpeacefulC．Mentallyexhaustingbuthealthy D．Physicallytiringbutrewarding.7．Whichofthefollowingisclosesttothemainideaofthepassage?A．Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.B．Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.C．Amisfortunemayturnoutablessing.D．Killtwobirdswithonestone.三、CScientistshavelongsaidgettingagoodnight'ssleepisimportanttoyourhealth.TheU.S.NationalInstituteofHealthsayslackofsleepmayevenincreasetheriskofcognitive(認(rèn)知)declineandAlzheimer'sdisease.Now,anAmericanteamofscientistsreportsthattoomuchsleepmightbesimilarlylinkedtosuchconditions.ResearchersatWashingtonUniversitySchoolofMedicinedidthesleepstudy.Thestudyexamined100adultsfortheirabilitytothinkforanaverageof4.5years.Theaverageageofthestudysubjectwas75.Eighty-eightofthegrouphadbeenidentifiedasfreeofcognitivedamage.Twelvesubjectswerejudgedverymildlydamaged.Duringthestudy,theywereaskedtocompleteseveraltestsforsignsofcognitivedecline.Thetestsarecombinedintoacognitivescore—thehigherthescore,thebetter.Theyalsoworeelectroencephalography(EEG)devicesforfourtosixnightstomeasuretheirbrainactivityduringsleep.Overall,cognitivescoresdeclinedforthosewhosleptlessthan4.5hoursormorethan6.5hourspernight—asmeasuredbyEEG(腦電圖).Butthescoresstayedthesameforthoseinthemiddleoftherange.Dr.BrendanLaceyisthedirectoroftheWashingtonUniversitySleepMedicineCenterandledtheresearch.Hesaid,"Ourstudysuggeststhatthereisasweetspotfortotalsleeptimeforbestcognitiveperformance.""Shortandlongsleeptimesareassociatedwithworsecognitiveperformance,perhapsduetoinsufficientsleeporpoorsleepquality,"Laceyadded.GregElderisasleepresearcheratNorthumbriaUniversityinNewCastle,Britain.Hewassurprisedaboutthefindingsthatsleepinglongerthan6.5hourswaslinkedwithcognitivedecline.ElderwroteinTheConversation,"Eachperson'ssleepneedsareindividual.Ifpeoplefeelrested,thereisnoneedtochangehowtheysleep."Healsonotedthatitsuggeststhatsleepqualitymaybethekey,asopposedtosimplytotalsleeptime.8．Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A．Theimportanceofagoodnight'ssleeptohealthB．AstudyonhowtoimproveyourcognitiveabilityC．ThelinkbetweensleepinglengthandcognitivelossD．Theresultofincreasingsleeptimeforshortsleepers9．Whatdoweknowaboutthe100participantsofthestudy?A．Mostofthemdon'thavecognitiveproblems.B．Someofthemaresufferingfromlackofsleep.C．Alloftheparticipantsaremorethan75yearsold.D．Afewofthemareundermedicalobservation.10．Whatdotheunderlinedwords"asweetspot"refertoinparagraph5?A．Insufficientsleep B．Poor-qualitysleepC．Toomuchsleep. D．Amiddlerangesleep11．WhatisGregElder'sattitudetowardthefindingsofthestudy?A．Supportive. B．Doubtful. C．Indifferent. D．Objective.四、DWhenweencounteratroublesomeproblem,weoftengatheragrouptobrainstorm.However,clearevidencehasshownthatwhenwecreateideastogether,wefailtomaximize(使……最大化)collectiveintelligence.Tofindthehiddenpotentialinteams,it'sbettertotryamethodcalled"brainwriting".Youstartbyaskinggroupmemberstowritedowntheirthoughtsindependently.Next,theysittogetherandsharethemamongthegroupwithouttellingwhocameupwitheachidea.Then,eachmemberevaluatesthemonhisorherown,onlyafterwhichdotheteammemberscometogethertoselectandimprovethemostpromisingoptions.Bydevelopingandassessingideasindividuallybeforechoosingandexpandingonthem,theteamcanfindandimproveideasthatmightnotgetattentionotherwise.Anexampleofgreatbrainwritingwasin2010when33minersweretrappedundergroundinChile.Duetotheemergencyofthesituation,therescueteamdidn'thavetimeforbrainstorming.Rather,theyestablishedaglobalbrainwritingsystemtogatherindividualideas.A24-year-oldengineercameupwithatinyplastictelephone.Thisspecializedtoolendedupbecomingtheonlymeansofcommunicatingwiththeminers,makingitpossibletosavethem.ResearchbyorganizationalbehaviorscholarAnitaWoolleyandhercolleagueshelpstoexplainwhythismethodworks.Theyfindthatthekeytocollectiveintelligenceisbalancedinvolvement(參與).Inbrainstormingmeetings,it'stooeasyforparticipationtobecomeone-sidedinfavoroftheloudestvoices.Thebrainwritingprocessmakessurethatallideasarebroughttothetableandallvoicesarebroughtintoconversation.Thegoalisn'ttobethesmartestpersonintheroom.It'stomaketheroomsmarter.Collectiveintelligencebeginswithindividualcreativity,butitdoesn'tendthere.Individualsproducealargernumberandbroaderrangeofnovelideaswhentheyworkalone.Thatmeanstheynotonlycomeupwithmoresmartideasthangroups,butalsomoreterribleideas.Therefore,ittakescollectivejudgmenttofindthesignalinthenoiseandbringoutthebestideas.12．Whatisspecialaboutbrainwritingcomparedwithbrainstorming?A．Ithighlightsgroupcooperation.B．Itemphasizesqualityoverquantity.C．Itencouragesindependentwork.D．Itpreferswritingtooralexchanges.13．WhydoestheauthormentiontheChileminingaccidentinparagraph3?A．Toshowasuccessfulapplicationofbrainwriting.B．Tointroduceatooldevelopedduringbrainwriting.C．Topraiseayoungmanwithbrainwritingtechnique.D．Toexplaintheroleofbrainwritingincommunication.14．Howdoesbrainwritingpromotecollectiveintelligenceaccordingtoparagraph4?A．Byblockingtheloudestvoices. B．Byallowingequalinvolvement.C．Byimprovingindividualwisdom. D．Bygeneratingmorecreativeideas.15．Whichofthesetitlesbestsummarizesthearticle?A．Focusingonindividualworkforintelligence.B．Usingeffectivemethodstoimproveteamintelligence.C．Enhancingteaminnovationwithgroupbrainstorming.D．Increasingteamcreativitywithgroupbrainwriting.五、閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。16．Everyoneknowstheadvantagesofusinge-mail.It'smuchfasterthanordinarymail.It'smuchcheaperthanthetelephone.However,itisnotalwaysgoodtousee-mailatwork.Somecompaniesarelimitingtheuseofe-mailintheirofficesforseveralreasons.Yousendoutyourmessageandthenyouhavetowaitforananswer.Thisisnotaproblemifyouneedtosendsimpleinformation.Butifthemessageismorecomplicated,e-mailisnotsogood.Thereisanotherproblemwithe-mail:Youdon'tgetmuchinformationfromthemessage.Youhaveonlythewordsthemselves.Thisdoesn'tmatterifthemessageisjustaboutfactsorifitisnotimportant.Youcan'ttellmuchaboutwhatthee-mailsenderwasthinkingorfeeling.Youmayputyourownfeelingsintothemessage.Andthiscanleadtocommunicationproblemsinacompany.PsychologistsfromEnglandstudiedofficeworkersopeningtheire-mail.Theyfoundthatcertainkindsofmessagesmadebloodpressuregoup.Itwentupifthemessagesseemedangryornegative.Italsowentupifthemessageswerefromtheboss.Itwentupthehighestwhenthemessageswerebothnegativeandfromtheboss.Thepsychologistssaidthatpeopleshouldbecarefulhowtheyusee-mailatwork.Thisisespeciallytrueforthepeoplewithtopjobsinacompany.Theyshouldneversendimportantnewsbye-mail.Theyshouldalwaysmeetfacetofacewiththeperson.A.Onereasonisthate-mailisonlyone-way.B.Sometimes,theirbloodpressurewentdown.C.Theirmessagescaneasilyhurtorupsetpeople.D.Andit'seasierthantryingtomeetwithsomeoneinperson.E.Thepsychologistsmeasuredthebloodpressureoftheworkers.F.Itcanhelptoavoidmisunderstandingandstrengthenrelationships.G.Butitmightcausetroubleifthemessageisaboutsomethingimportant.六、閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Ihaveadegreeinbusiness.Butitwasmyfather's17．formetoseekabusinessmajor.Hethoughtthathavingabusinessmajorwould18．memoreavailablechoicesandmakememorecompetitiveinenteringagloballabormarket.I19．hisadvice.However,eventhoughmycollegeexpericnceswere20．.Ihadnointerestinany21．ofcommerce(商業(yè)),letalonehavingalong-term-careerasabusinesswoman.AfterIgraduated,Iworkedasamarketingplanneratacomputercompany.My22．a(chǎn)ndworkingenvironmentweregreat,yetI23．didn'tfeelhappydoingsomethingthatheldlittleattractionforme.Aftertwomonthsofworkingthere,Imadeupmymindto24．a(chǎn)nddecidedtodowhatIlove,namely25．history.Ihavenowbeendoingthisjobforovertwentyyears.Iamfondofbeingwithmystudents.Ifyouareina26．whereyoudon'tlovewhatyouarelearningordoing,pleaseaskyourselfwhatyouarereally27．a(chǎn)ndwhatyoutrulywantforyourlife.Don't28．togetyourselfaquickanswer.Takesometimetothinkaboutwhatcareercouldbring29．toyou.Ilikethismotto"Successisnotthekeytohappiness.30．,happinessisthekeytosuccess."Happiness31．theinsideofyou,nottheoutside.Ifyoulovewhatyouaredoing,youwillbesuccessful.17．A．comment B．task C．decision D．response18．A．ensure B．save C．leave D．pass19．A．a(chǎn)rgued B．valued C．took D．opposed20．A．fantastic B．a(chǎn)wkward C．painful D．plain21．A．paper B．field C．college D．person22．A．comment B．dream C．campus D．pay23．A．only B．still C．a(chǎn)lso D．even24．A．quit B．continue C．consider D．wait25．A．promoting B．writing C．teaching D．studying26．A．firm B．game C．story D．place27．A．a(chǎn)nxiousabout B．a(chǎn)nnoyedat C．interestedin D．familiarwith28．A．rush B．panic C．intend D．stop29．A．love B．joy C．confidence D．knowledge30．A．Besides B．Meanwhile C．Therefore D．However31．A．a(chǎn)ppliesto B．spreadsto C．differsfrom D．comesfrom七、第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)32．閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Despiteoccupyingarelativelysmallarea,rainforestshaveanimportantroletoplayinmaintainingtheworldandtheyarehometoarich(various)ofmedicinalplants,birdsandanimals.Asthelungsoftheplanet,rainforestshavetheirownperfectsystem,ensurestheirownsurvival.Thetalltreesmakeacanopy(頂篷)ofbranchesandleavesthatprotectthemselves,smallerplantsandtheforestanimalsfromheavyrain,dryheat(come)fromthesunandstrongwinds.(amazing),thetreesgrowinsuchawaytheirleavesandbranches,althoughclosetogether,neveractuallytouchthoseofanothertree.Scientiststhinkthisisaway(prevent)thespreadofanytreediseases.Thegroundflooroftheforestisnotallfallenleaves,aclearland.Itiswhereleavesturnfoodforthetreesandotherforestlife.Worryingly,rainforestsaroundtheworldaredisappearingatalarmingrate.Afewthousandyearsago,rainforests(cover)asmuchas12percentofthelandsurfaceonEarth,buttodaythishasfallentolessthan7percent.八、第一節(jié)應(yīng)用文寫作(滿分15分)33．11月8日你校組織了一場(chǎng)面向全體高二學(xué)生，題為"人工智能與人類"的主題講座，受到了大家的一致好評(píng)。假如你是校英語報(bào)的記者李華，請(qǐng)按下列要點(diǎn)用英語寫一則新聞報(bào)道。內(nèi)容包括：1.講座時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、參加對(duì)象；2.講座主要內(nèi)容；3.對(duì)此次活動(dòng)的簡短評(píng)論。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。LectureonAIReceivingFavorableComments_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ByLiHua,SchoolNewspaper九、第二節(jié)(滿分25分)34．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Onedaymygrandfathergavemeagift—apiggybank.Ithadanopeningthroughwhichonecouldputmoneyin,buttheopeningwasnotbigenoughtoreachinandgetthemoneyout.Theonlywaytogetatthemoneywastobreakthepiggybankopen.Mygrandfatherexplainedthatwasthewholeidea:thepiggybankwouldhelpsavemymoneysothat,attheendoftheyear,ImighthaveenoughforthatbikeIdreamtabout.HeaskedifIwouldputsomeofthemoneyhegavemeintothepiggybank.IagreedimmediatelyandpromisedthatIwouldn'tbreakitopenuntilIcouldaffordmydreambike.Wheneverhegavemealittlebitofmoney,hewouldsay,"Thisisforspending.Butyoucansavesomeandputitinthepiggybankifyouwanttosaveitup."Whenhegavemelargeramounts,itwasclearlyforsavinginthepiggybank.Forsometime,thisworkedfine.Ilovedshakingthepiggybankandhearingthesoundofthecoins.Asitbecameheavier,Igrewmoreexcited,dreamingaboutbuyingmynewbike,andalltheadventuresIcouldhaveonit.WheneverIwantedtotakesomemoneyfromthepiggybanktobuydeliciousice-creamsorbeautifulpens,Iwouldimagineridingmybikeonthestreet,andthinkingofthat,mythoughtsaboutice-creamsorpenswentaway.Soforalmostsixmonths,Ionlyputmoneyintothepiggybankwithouttakinganyout.IthoughtIwouldn'tbreakmypiggybankforanything.Butonedaysomethingunexpectedhappened.Isawapieceofnewsonthetelevisionthataseriousearthquake(地震)hadhappenedinanearbyprovince.Asmanyhousesweredestroyed,alotofchildrenbecamehomeless.Seeingtheirshabbyclothesandcryingfaces,Iwassleeplessthatnight.注意：1.所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語已為你寫好；Paragraph1:IknewIshoulddosomething.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Mygrandfatherwassurprisedbymybehavior._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案解析部分【答案】1．A2．B3．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章介紹了四個(gè)能深入了解中國青銅器的博物館。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本篇文章涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題和推理判斷題兩種題型。細(xì)節(jié)理解題要求考生能在快速閱讀文章的同時(shí)，從中獲取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意義。做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)，要根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞，找準(zhǔn)相關(guān)句、段的內(nèi)容，再仔細(xì)對(duì)照，不符合原文意義的選項(xiàng)要首先排除，反之，則是正確選項(xiàng)。做推理判斷題時(shí)，要求考生不能憑主觀臆斷推測(cè)或妄加猜測(cè)，必須忠實(shí)于原文，以材料所提供的相關(guān)事實(shí)和線索為依據(jù)，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：審清題目要求；鎖定關(guān)鍵信息；挖掘隱含信息；排除干擾選項(xiàng)；把握語境情感；邏輯推理分析。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題SanxingduiMuseum下的"Hours:ComprehensiveGallery(thefirstexhibitionhall):8:30-18:00;BronzeGallery(thesecondexhibitionhall):8:30-18:30.(noentryafter17:00).ClosedonthemorningofChineseNewYear'sEve.(時(shí)間：綜合展廳（第一展廳）：8:30—18:00；青銅展廳（第二展廳）：8:30-18:30（17:00后禁止入內(nèi)）。除夕夜上午閉館)"和小標(biāo)題NationalMuseumofChina下的"ClosedMondays(exceptfornationalholidays)（周一閉館(國定假日除外)。）"，小標(biāo)題ShanghaiMuseum下的"ClosedMondays(exceptfornationalholidays).（周一閉館(國定假日除外)。）"及小標(biāo)題HunanMuseum下的"ClosedMondays(exceptfornationalholidays)andtheeveofChineseNewYear.（星期一(國定假日除外)及農(nóng)歷新年前夕休館。）"可知，中國國家博物館、上海博物館和湖南省博物館星期一都是不開放的。故可推知，在星期一，只能帶家人去參觀三星堆博物館。故選A。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題SanxingduiMuseum下的"Lastticketssoldat17:00.(售票截止到下午五點(diǎn))"，小標(biāo)題NationalMuseumofChina下的"noentryafter16:30(16:30后禁止入場(chǎng))"，小標(biāo)題ShanghaiMuseum下的"noentryafter16:00(16:00后禁止入館)"和小標(biāo)題HunanMuseum下的"noentryafter16:00(16:00后禁止入內(nèi))"可知，四個(gè)博物館的共同之處在于它們都設(shè)定了進(jìn)入的最后期限。故選B。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"Chinaisoneoftheworld'sancientcivilizationsandhastheearliestoutstandingbronzecastingtechnology.Herewe'vecreatedalistof4museumswhereyoucangainanin-depthunderstandingofChinesebronze.(中國是世界文明古國之一，擁有最早杰出的青銅鑄造技術(shù)。在這里，我們列出了4個(gè)博物館，你可以在這里深入了解中國的青銅。)"可知，本文主要介紹了中國四個(gè)博物館的相關(guān)信息，是有關(guān)文化和歷史的，因此你最可能在報(bào)紙的歷史文化部分讀到這篇文章，故選D?！敬鸢浮?．A5．A6．D7．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，文章記敘了佐伊是公共關(guān)系顧問，生活很滿意，她為公司做完一切后，被解雇了，她很生氣，以至于討厭城市生活。她收到老同學(xué)凱西的邀請(qǐng)，讓她到農(nóng)場(chǎng)來散心，來到農(nóng)場(chǎng)，她很喜歡農(nóng)場(chǎng)，她決定在那里生活，在那里佐伊一點(diǎn)都不感到無聊，每天都有新的體驗(yàn)。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本篇文章涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題，推理判斷題和主旨大意題三種題型。細(xì)節(jié)理解題要求考生能在快速閱讀文章的同時(shí)，從中獲取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意義。做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)，要根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞，找準(zhǔn)相關(guān)句、段的內(nèi)容，再仔細(xì)對(duì)照，不符合原文意義的選項(xiàng)要首先排除，反之，則是正確選項(xiàng)。做推理判斷題時(shí)，要求考生不能憑主觀臆斷推測(cè)或妄加猜測(cè)，必須忠實(shí)于原文，以材料所提供的相關(guān)事實(shí)和線索為依據(jù)，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：審清題目要求；鎖定關(guān)鍵信息；挖掘隱含信息；排除干擾選項(xiàng)；把握語境情感；邏輯推理分析。做主旨大意題時(shí)，要求考生抓住每段或每個(gè)層次的主要含義進(jìn)行加工、提煉，通過對(duì)語篇結(jié)構(gòu)的分析即對(duì)文章內(nèi)部各層次間的邏輯關(guān)系的分析，將每段的主題綜合起來，找出文章的中心。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"ZoeChamberswasasuccessfulPR(PublicRelations)consultantandlifewasgoingwell—shehadagreatjob,beautifulflatandabusysociallifeinLondon.（佐伊·錢伯斯是一位成功的公關(guān)顧問，生活一帆風(fēng)順——她有一份很棒的工作、一套漂亮的公寓，還在倫敦過著豐富多彩的社交生活。）"可知，她過去作為咨詢師的時(shí)候，工作很好，過得是一種"令人滿意的、令人羨慕的"生活，所以選A。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"AftereverythingI'ddoneforthecompany,theydismissedmebytext!IwassoangryandIjustdidn'tfeellikelookingforanotherjob.Ihateeverythingaboutthecityandmylife.（我為公司做了那么多事，他們竟然發(fā)短信把我辭退了！我當(dāng)時(shí)氣壞了，根本不想再找工作。我討厭這座城市，也討厭我的生活。）"可以知道她去了朋友農(nóng)場(chǎng)的最重要原因就是因?yàn)樗怀戳唆滛~，失業(yè)了，才想到去農(nóng)場(chǎng)，故選A。6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)第四段"Butthisisagood,healthytiredness.Here,allIneedtoputmeinagoodmoodisahotbathandoneofKathy'swonderfuldinners（但這是一種有益且健康的疲憊。在這里，只需洗個(gè)熱水澡，再吃上一頓凱茜做的美味晚餐，我就能心情愉悅。）"可以知道這里雖然辛苦但是很好很健康，心情愉快，故選D。7．主旨大意題。由本文的主要意思"佐伊是公共關(guān)系顧問，生活很滿意，她為公司做完一切后，被解雇了，她很生氣，以至于討厭城市生活。她收到老同學(xué)凱西的邀請(qǐng)，讓她到農(nóng)場(chǎng)來散心，來到農(nóng)場(chǎng)，她很喜歡農(nóng)場(chǎng)，她決定在那里生活，在那里佐伊一點(diǎn)都不感到無聊，每天都有新的體驗(yàn)"所以選C有時(shí)候，一個(gè)不幸可能會(huì)帶來好運(yùn)和幸福。故選C?！敬鸢浮?．C9．A10．D11．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了研究表明睡眠過長可能和認(rèn)知能力下降有關(guān)。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本篇文章涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題，詞義猜測(cè)題，主旨大意題和觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題四種題型。細(xì)節(jié)理解題要求考生能在快速閱讀文章的同時(shí)，從中獲取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意義。做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)，要根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞，找準(zhǔn)相關(guān)句、段的內(nèi)容，再仔細(xì)對(duì)照，不符合原文意義的選項(xiàng)要首先排除，反之，則是正確選項(xiàng)。做推理判斷題時(shí)，要求考生不能憑主觀臆斷推測(cè)或妄加猜測(cè)，必須忠實(shí)于原文，以材料所提供的相關(guān)事實(shí)和線索為依據(jù)，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：審清題目要求；鎖定關(guān)鍵信息；挖掘隱含信息；排除干擾選項(xiàng)；把握語境情感；邏輯推理分析。做主旨大意題時(shí)，要求考生抓住每段或每個(gè)層次的主要含義進(jìn)行加工、提煉，通過對(duì)語篇結(jié)構(gòu)的分析即對(duì)文章內(nèi)部各層次間的邏輯關(guān)系的分析，將每段的主題綜合起來，找出文章的中心。做觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題時(shí)，掌握態(tài)度詞匯，態(tài)度詞匯是表達(dá)作者情感傾向和觀點(diǎn)的重要工具?？忌鷳?yīng)掌握一些常見的態(tài)度詞匯，如表示贊同的"approve"、"support"，表示反對(duì)的"oppose"、"criticize"，表示中立的"neutral"、"objective"等。在閱讀文章時(shí)，注意這些詞匯的出現(xiàn)，有助于快速判斷作者的觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度。尋找關(guān)鍵詞和修飾語，關(guān)鍵詞和修飾語是文章中表達(dá)作者觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度的重要線索?？忌鷳?yīng)重點(diǎn)關(guān)注那些與主題相關(guān)的動(dòng)詞、形容詞和副詞，以及它們所修飾的名詞或句子。這些關(guān)鍵詞和修飾語往往能夠揭示作者的情感傾向和立場(chǎng)。推理作者意圖，在閱讀過程中，考生應(yīng)善于從字里行間捕捉作者的意圖。通過分析文章的敘述方式、論據(jù)的組織和論證的方法等，可以推斷出作者的觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度。同時(shí)，要注意作者使用的修辭手法和語氣，這些也是判斷作者意圖的重要依據(jù)。注意上下文邏輯關(guān)系。上下文邏輯關(guān)系是理解作者觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度的重要依據(jù)。考生應(yīng)關(guān)注文章中句子之間、段落之間的邏輯關(guān)系，如因果、條件、對(duì)比等。通過分析這些邏輯關(guān)系，可以更好地理解作者的意圖和觀點(diǎn)。8．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段"TheU.S.NationalInstituteofHealthsayslackofsleepmayevenincreasetheriskofcognitive(認(rèn)知)declineandAlzheimer'sdisease.Now,anAmericanteamofscientistsreportsthattoomuchsleepmightbesimilarlylinkedtosuchconditions.(美國國立衛(wèi)生研究院表示，睡眠不足甚至可能增加認(rèn)知能力下降和阿爾茨海默病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)?，F(xiàn)在，一個(gè)美國科學(xué)家小組報(bào)告說，過多的睡眠可能與這種情況有類似的聯(lián)系。)"和倒數(shù)第二段中的"Shortandlongsleeptimesareassociatedwithworsecognitiveperformance,perhapsduetoinsufficientsleeporpoorsleepquality(睡眠時(shí)間短和長都與較差的認(rèn)知表現(xiàn)有關(guān)，這可能是由于睡眠不足或睡眠質(zhì)量差)"可知，本文主要講述的是睡眠時(shí)長和認(rèn)知喪失之間的關(guān)系。故選C。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段"Thestudyexamined100adultsfortheirabilitytothinkforanaverageof4.5years.Theaverageageofthestudysubjectwas75.Eighty-eightofthegrouphadbeenidentifiedasfreeofcognitivedamage.(這項(xiàng)研究調(diào)查了平均4.5年100名成年人的思考能力。研究對(duì)象的平均年齡為75歲。該組中有88人被確定為沒有認(rèn)知損傷。)"可知，100名參與者中有88人沒有認(rèn)知損傷，即大部分參與者都沒有認(rèn)知問題。故選A。10．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段"Overall,cognitivescoresdeclinedforthosewhosleptlessthan4.5hoursormorethan6.5hourspernight—asmeasuredbyEEG(腦電圖).Butthescoresstayedthesameforthoseinthemiddleoftherange.(總體而言，根據(jù)腦電圖（EEG）測(cè)量，每晚睡眠少于4.5小時(shí)或超過6.5小時(shí)的人的認(rèn)知得分有所下降。但處于中等范圍的人得分保持不變。)"可知，睡眠大于6.5小時(shí)和小于4.5小時(shí)的人認(rèn)知得分會(huì)下降，而在4.5小時(shí)到6.5小時(shí)之間的中等范圍認(rèn)知得分不變，再結(jié)合"thereisasweetspotfortotalsleeptimeforbestcognitiveperformance"可知，對(duì)于最佳認(rèn)知表現(xiàn)，在總睡眠時(shí)間中有一個(gè)最佳睡眠時(shí)間點(diǎn)，由此可推測(cè)出，asweetspot指的是"最佳點(diǎn)"，在這里表示的是"中等范圍的睡眠"。故選D。11．觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段"Eachperson'ssleepneedsareindividual.Ifpeoplefeelrested,thereisnoneedtochangehowtheysleep.(每個(gè)人的睡眠需求都是因人而異的。如果人們感到精力充沛，就沒有必要改變他們的睡眠方式。)"和"Healsonotedthatitsuggeststhatsleepqualitymaybethekey,asopposedtosimplytotalsleeptime.(他還指出，這表明睡眠質(zhì)量可能是關(guān)鍵，而不僅僅是總睡眠時(shí)間。)"可知，GregElder認(rèn)為每個(gè)人的睡眠需求因人而異，如果睡醒后感到有精神，那就是適合他們的睡眠方式，并且他認(rèn)為重要的是睡眠質(zhì)量，而不是睡眠時(shí)長。由此可推測(cè)出，他對(duì)這項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)持懷疑態(tài)度。故選B?！敬鸢浮?2．C13．A14．B15．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在面對(duì)問題時(shí)，相較于傳統(tǒng)的頭腦風(fēng)暴方法，一種名為"書面頭腦風(fēng)暴"（brainwriting）的方法能夠更有效地發(fā)掘和利用團(tuán)隊(duì)的集體智慧?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本篇文章涉及推理判斷題和標(biāo)題選擇題兩種題型。做推理判斷題時(shí)，要求考生不能憑主觀臆斷推測(cè)或妄加猜測(cè)，必須忠實(shí)于原文，以材料所提供的相關(guān)事實(shí)和線索為依據(jù)，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：審清題目要求；鎖定關(guān)鍵信息；挖掘隱含信息；排除干擾選項(xiàng)；把握語境情感；邏輯推理分析。做標(biāo)題選擇題時(shí)，注意關(guān)注首尾句，首尾句往往包含段落或文章的核心信息，是判斷標(biāo)題是否準(zhǔn)確的重要依據(jù)。利用關(guān)鍵詞，文章中的關(guān)鍵詞匯、短語或句子往往與標(biāo)題有緊密聯(lián)系，可以通過關(guān)鍵詞匯的匹配來縮小選擇范圍。語境理解，理解文章的整體語境和作者的態(tài)度傾向，有助于準(zhǔn)確把握文章的主旨和標(biāo)題的選擇方向。12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段"Tofindthehiddenpotentialinteams,it'sbettertotryamethodcalled"brainwriting".Youstartbyaskinggroupmemberstowritedowntheirthoughtsindependently.Next,theysittogetherandsharethemamongthegroupwithouttellingwhocameupwitheachidea.Then,eachmemberevaluatesthemonhisorherown,onlyafterwhichdotheteammemberscometogethertoselectandimprovethemostpromisingoptions.Bydevelopingandassessingideasindividuallybeforechoosingandexpandingonthem,theteamcanfindandimproveideasthatmightnotgetattentionotherwise.(為了發(fā)掘團(tuán)隊(duì)中的潛在能力，嘗試一種名為"書面頭腦風(fēng)暴"（brainwriting）的方法會(huì)更好。首先，讓團(tuán)隊(duì)成員獨(dú)立寫下他們的想法。接著，他們坐在一起，在團(tuán)隊(duì)中分享這些想法，但不透露每個(gè)想法是誰提出的。然后，每個(gè)成員自行評(píng)估這些想法，之后團(tuán)隊(duì)成員才聚在一起，選擇并改進(jìn)最有前景的選項(xiàng)。通過在選擇和拓展想法之前先獨(dú)立開發(fā)和評(píng)估想法，團(tuán)隊(duì)能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)并改進(jìn)那些原本可能不會(huì)受到關(guān)注的想法。)"可知，"書面頭腦風(fēng)暴"首先讓團(tuán)隊(duì)成員獨(dú)立寫下他們的想法，然后再分享和評(píng)估。根據(jù)這一描述，可以看出書面頭腦風(fēng)暴的一個(gè)特別之處在于它鼓勵(lì)獨(dú)立工作。故選C。13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段"Anexampleofgreatbrainwritingwasin2010when33minersweretrappedundergroundinChile.Duetotheemergencyofthesituation,therescueteamdidn'thavetimeforbrainstorming.Rather,theyestablishedaglobalbrainwritingsystemtogatherindividualideas.A24-year-oldengineercameupwithatinyplastictelephone.Thisspecializedtoolendedupbecomingtheonlymeansofcommunicatingwiththeminers,makingitpossibletosavethem.(書面頭腦風(fēng)暴的一個(gè)杰出例子發(fā)生在2010年，當(dāng)時(shí)33名礦工在智利被困地下。由于情況緊急，救援團(tuán)隊(duì)沒有時(shí)間進(jìn)行頭腦風(fēng)暴。相反，他們建立了一個(gè)全球書面頭腦風(fēng)暴系統(tǒng)來收集個(gè)人想法。一位24歲的工程師提出了一個(gè)微型塑料電話的想法。這一專用工具最終成為與礦工溝通的唯一手段，從而使他們得以獲救。)"可知，文章第三段主要描述了一個(gè)書面頭腦風(fēng)暴的成功應(yīng)用案例，即2010年智利33名礦工被困地下的救援行動(dòng)。由于情況緊急，救援團(tuán)隊(duì)沒有時(shí)間進(jìn)行頭腦風(fēng)暴。相反，他們建立了一個(gè)全球書面頭腦風(fēng)暴系統(tǒng)來收集個(gè)人想法。緊接著，該段描述了一個(gè)24歲的工程師通過書面頭腦風(fēng)暴提出了一個(gè)微型塑料電話的想法，這個(gè)想法最終成為了與礦工溝通的唯一手段，使他們得以獲救。因此，作者提到智利采礦事故是為了展示書面頭腦風(fēng)暴的成功應(yīng)用。故選A。14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段"ResearchbyorganizationalbehaviorscholarAnitaWoolleyandhercolleagueshelpstoexplainwhythismethodworks.Theyfindthatthekeytocollectiveintelligenceisbalancedinvolvement