WordsandExpressions人教版2019必修第一冊Unit5WorkingtheLand

devote[d??v??t]:vt.把…獻(給);把…專用于;專心于devote...to...把…奉獻給…

devoteone’slife/time/energyto

將生命/時間/精力...devoteoneselfto(doing)sth.致力于;獻身于;專心于bedevotedto=devoteoneselfto

致力于;獻身于;專心于devoted

adj.忠誠的，投入的；深愛的devotionn.投入專注于/致力于做某事

belostin

beabsorbedin

beengagedin

beinvolvedin

focuson

concentrateon高頻短語知識拓展（1）Her

story

is

a

remarkable

example

of

how

hard

work

and

_________（devote）

can

lead

to

sporting

excellence.devotion（2）Volunteers

came

with

carloads

of

donated

clothing

and

toys.

Neighbors

devoted

their

spare

time

to

______(help)

others

rebuild.helping（3）As

the

scientist

is

devoted

to

his

research，

he

seldom

goes

to

the

cinema

with

his

family.→______________________，the

scientist

seldom

goes

to

the

cinema

with

his

family.（形容詞短語作狀語）→______________________________，

the

scientist

seldom

goes

to

the

cinema

with

his

family.（分詞短語作狀語）［應(yīng)用文寫作之人物描寫］Devoted

to

his

researchDevoting

himself

to

his

researchconvince[k?n?v?ns]:vt.使相信;使確信;說服高頻短語convincedadj.相信的convincingadj.令人信服的convincesb.todosth.說服某人做I'vebeentryingtoconvincehimtoseeadoctor.我一直勸他去看病。

convincesb.ofsth. 使某人相信 You'llneedtoconvincethemofyourenthusiasmforthejob.你要使他們相信你殷切希望得到這份工作。convincesb.that... 使某人相信……beconvincedof/that... 確信……I'dconvincedmyself(that)Iwasright.我確信自己是正確的。（1）Researchers

have

found

clear

and

___________（convince）

evidence

that

happiness

is

the

key

to

better

health

and

longer

lives.［應(yīng)用文寫作之演講稿］convincing（2）She

tried

hard

to

convince

her

parents

______

（let）

her

travel

abroad

alone，

but

they

were

still

concerned

about

her

safety.to

let（3）She

was

convinced

of

her

own

abilities

and

participated

in

the

competition

with

a

positive

attitude.→______________________________________________________，

she

participated

in

the

competition

with

a

positive

attitude.

（形容詞短語作狀語）Convinced

of

her；Devoting

himself

to

his

research

abilitiesassumption[??s?mp?n]:n.假定;(責任的)承擔;(權(quán)利的)獲得高頻短語assume

v.假定;認為;設(shè)想;承擔;假裝assuming

conj.

假如

(引導條件狀語從句)makeanassumption做出假設(shè)ontheassumption(that...)假設(shè);假定...Weareworkingontheassumptionthateveryoneinvitedwillturnup.我們假定了每一個人都會應(yīng)邀出席并正就此作出安排。

Itisgenerallyassumedthat...人們普遍認為…Itisgenerallyassumedthatstressiscausedbytoomuchwork.普遍認為，緊張是工作過重所致。assumesb./sth.tobe假定/假設(shè)某人/某事為IhadassumedhimtobeaChinese.我本以為他是中國人。（1）We

make

an

___________（assume）

that

everyone

invited

will

turn

up

at

the

party

and

is

making

preparations.assumption（2）假設(shè)天氣保持穩(wěn)定，我們打算按計劃舉辦戶外節(jié)日活動。______________________________________，

we

plan

to

hold

the

outdoor

festival

as

scheduled.Assuming

that

the

weather

remains

stable（3）People

assume

that

climate

change

is

primarily

caused

by

human

activities.→_________________

climate

change

is

primarily

caused

by

human

activities.It

is

assumed

thatovercome /???v??k?m/ vt.克服;解決;戰(zhàn)勝高頻短語overcome-overcame-overcomeovercomedifficulties/one’sfearIwouldovercomeanyweakness,anydespair,anyfear.我要克服所有的軟弱、絕望和恐懼。beovercomeby/with…被（某種情緒）控制；受到……的極大影響Herparentswereovercomewithgriefatthefuneral.在葬禮上她的父母悲痛欲絕。

【完成句子】（1）既然你已下定決心克服自己的缺點，現(xiàn)在就行動起來吧。Now

that

you

have

made

up

your

mind

___________________________________，

take

action

now.

to

overcome

your

shortcomings（2）（譯林選必一U2）她悲痛欲絕，跳進了他的墳?zāi)埂_______________________，

she

jumps

into

his

grave.［讀后續(xù)寫之情緒描寫］Overcome

by/with

sorrowestimate /?est?m?t/ vt.估計;估價;估算n.估計高頻短語estimationn.估計;估算Itisestimatedthat據(jù)估計……Itisestimatedthattheprojectwilllastfiveyears.這個項目估計要五年才能完成。estimatesb./sth.tobe估計某人/某物為……Thedealisestimatedtobewortharound$1.5million.這筆交易估計價值150萬元左右。=evaluate/assess【單句語法填空/完成句子】（1）Experts

estimate

the

damage

caused

by

the

storm

______

（be）

$1

billion，

which

will

significantly

impact

the

local

economy.（2）The_________（estimate）

time

of

arrival

for

the

flight

is

7

p.m.，

although

delays

can

occur

due

to

weather

conditions.to

beestimated（3）據(jù)估計，將近3

000人將參加這次會議。__________________

nearly

3，000

people

will

attend

the

conference.It

is

estimated

thatcomprise /k?m?pra?z/ vt.包括;包含;由…組成高頻短語becomprisedofconsistofbemadeupofbecomposedofThestudygroupiscomprisedofsixstudents.Thestudygroup

ismadeupof

sixstudents.Thestudygroup

iscomposedof

sixstudents.Thestudygroup

consistsof

sixstudents.

【單句語法填空/完成句子】（1）The

house

___________（comprise）

two

bedrooms，

a

kitchen

and

a

living

room

has

been

sold.comprising（2）由專家和醫(yī)務(wù)人員組成的醫(yī)療隊伍在地震后不久就抵達了現(xiàn)場。A

medical

team

that

______________________________________________________________________________________

arrived

at

the

scene

shortly

after

the

earthquake.

was

comprised

of/was

made

up

of/was

composed

of/consisted

of

experts

and

medical

staffGiventhatYuan'shybridsmadehimquitewealthy，onemightthinkhewouldhaveretiredtoalifeofleisure.考慮到袁隆平的雜交水稻使他變得相當富有，人們可能認為他已經(jīng)退休，享受閑適的生活。（1）given

that引導條件狀語從句，意為“考慮到、鑒于、假如、如果、只要、在有……的情況下”；（2）其他同義表達有considering（鑒于，考慮到）、regarding（鑒于，考慮到）、seeing（鑒于，考慮到）、supposing（假如）、assuming（假定）、provided/providing

（如果）、as

long

as（只要）等?！締尉湔Z法填空/完成句子】（1）____________（consider）

there

are

so

many

challenges

to

deal

with，

are

you

still

optimistic

about

the

future

of

VR?（2）We'll

buy

everything

you

produce，_________________（provide）

the

price

is

right.Consideringprovided/providing（3）鑒于你要參加中國詩歌朗誦比賽，我想給你提供一些實際的建議。___________________________________________________________________________，

I'd

like

to

offer

you

some

practical

advice.［應(yīng)用文寫作之建議信］Given/Considering

that

you

will

take

part

in

a

Chinese

poetry

reciting

contestⅠ.品句填詞1.They

d_______

a

lot

of

time

and

energy

to

volunteer

work，

bringing

warmth

and

help

to

those

in

need.2.As

had

been

anticipated，the

problem

referred

to

at

the

meeting

was________（解決）

in

a

scientific

way.3.He

has

a

gift

for

music

and

enjoys

singing

in

his_______（空閑）

time.4.Environmental______（危機），

like

severe

droughts

and

floods，

are

becoming

more

frequent

due

to

climate

change.evotedtackledleisurecrises5.You

must

admit

that

your

argument

is

based

on

a

completely

false

___________（假設(shè)）.6.I

am

c_________that

all

of

you

can

benefit

from

the

meaningful

activity.7.He__________（克服）

a

variety

of

difficulties，

and

succeeded

in

coming

back

to

his

homeland

in

1955.8.It

was

e_________that

the

cost

to

rebuild

the

stadium

would

be

$8

million，

so

we

should

adjust

the

previous

design.assumptiononvincedovercamestimatedⅡ.詞塊運用1.The

minute

I

set

my

objective，

I

__________________________________________（致力于實現(xiàn)它）.

was

devoted

to/devoted

myself

to

achieving

it2.I

______________________________________________（堅信誠實的重要性），which

will

contribute

to

building

a

warm

and

harmonious

society.am

firmly

convinced

of

the

significance

of

honesty3.________________________________________（假如火車準時），

we

should

arrive

at

the

station

by

8

p.m.On

the

assumption

that

the

train

is

on

time4.His

parents

_______________________________

（悲痛欲絕）

at

his

grandpa's

funeral.5.Our

class_________________________（由六個小組組成）

and

each

group

will

discuss

some

difficult

problems

after

class.were

overcome

with

great

sorrowis

comprised

of

six

groupsⅢ.根據(jù)漢語提示并使用本部分句式結(jié)構(gòu)完成下面的小短文Dear

students，

Recently，

1.__________________________________________________（鑒于一些學生經(jīng)常被看到浪費食物;given

that

引導條件狀語從句），

I

am

writing

to

appeal

to

everyone

to

participate

in

the

activity

of

saving

food.given

that

some

students

are

usually

seen

wasting

food

First

of

all，

as

is

well-known，

2.___________________________（每個人最關(guān)心的;what引導主語從句）

is

the

food

shortages

throughout

the

world.

What's

more，

another

reason

why

saving

food

is

of

vital

significance

is

that

3.______________________________________（對農(nóng)民來說，生產(chǎn)糧食并不容易；it作形式主語）.

Therefore，

effective

measures

should

be

taken

to

deal

with

this

problem.

For

example，

when

eating

at

the

school

canteen，

buy

no

more

than

what

you

can

have.

what

concerns

everyone

mostit

is

not

easy

for

farmers

to

produce

foodAnd

when

eating

out，

always

carry

out

the

cleaning

plate

campaign

and

take

the

leftovers

home.

I

am

fully

convinced

that，

4.__________________________（每個人參與其中；with復合結(jié)構(gòu)），

the

phenomenon

of

wasting

food

will

disappear

from

our

campus.

Now，

let's

take

action.with

everyone

involved

in

itinturn相應(yīng)地；依次；輪流高頻短語byturns輪流地taketurnstodo/(at/in)

doingsth輪流做It’sone’sturntodo輪到某人做某事turntosb向某人求助Shehasnobodyshecanturnto.她求助無門。turndown 調(diào)低；拒絕

itturnsoutthat/tobe結(jié)果是；證明是Itturnedoutthatshewasafriendofmysister.她原來是我姐姐的朋友。（1）__________________________________

（輪到他做報告了）

in

class.

Unfortunately，

the

projector

was

broken.

Some

classmates

suggested

using

handouts

instead，

but

he

____________________

（拒絕了這個主意），

thinking

he

could

manage

without

it.

In

the

end，

his

speech

still

_____________________________

（結(jié)果是相當吸引人的）

and

he

received

a

lot

of

praise.It

was

his

turn

to

give

a

presentationturned

down

the

ideaturned

out

to

be

quite

attractive（2）我和姐姐每天早上輪流開車送孩子們上學?！鶰y

sister

and

I

__________________________________________________

every

morning.→My

sister

and

I

______________________________

every

morning.

take

turns

to

drive/（at/in）

driving

the

kids

to

schooldrive

the

kids

to

school

by

turnsessential /??sen?l/ a.完全必要的;極其重要的高頻短語beessentialto/for…

對…很重要;對……是不可缺少的Moneyisnotessentialtohappiness.金錢對于幸福并非必不可少。Itisessentialforsbtodosth.

對某人來說做某事是完全必要的Itisessentialthat...(should)do…做…是完全必要的Itisessentialthatyouhavesomeexperience.你必須得有些經(jīng)驗。essentiallyadv.本質(zhì)上;根本上essencen.本質(zhì)，實質(zhì)；精華=vital/

necessary/important/significant/crucial【單句語法填空/一句多譯】（1）Effective

communication

is

essential

______

the

success

of

any

team

or

organization.to/for（2）在做出推斷之前，他必須獲得一些可靠的信息，這是至關(guān)重要的?！鷂________________________________________________

before

making

inferences.→_________________________________________________________

before

making

inferences.It

is

essential

for

him

to

get

some

reliable

informationIt

is

essential

that

he

（should）

get

some

reliable

informationalternative/?:l?t?:n?t?v/n.可選的事物a.可供替代的高頻短語havenoalternativebuttodosth.別無選擇只好做某事alternativelyadv.可供選擇地=choice/option&1&

“別無選擇只好做某事”的其他表達形式：（1）have

no

choice

but

to

do

sth.;（2）can't

choose

but

do

sth.;（3）can

do

nothing

but

do

sth.【單句語法填空/完成句子】（1）The

Internet

also

provides

us

with

a

cheap

alternative

___

communicating

with

others.to（2）失敗是成功之母。有時候，為了取得成功，我們別無選擇，只能勇敢地面對失敗，并從中吸取教訓。Failure

is

the

mother

of

success.

Sometimes，

in

order

to

succeed，

we

__________________________________________

and

learn

from

it.

［應(yīng)用文寫作之演講稿］have

no

alternative

but

to

face

failure

bravelyForexample,

pesticidescandamagethelandbykillingnotonlyharmfulbacteriaandinsects,

butalsohelpfulones.例如，農(nóng)藥不但可以殺死有害的細菌和昆蟲，而且可以殺死有益的細菌和昆蟲，從而破壞土地。(1)“not

only...but

also...”中also可以省略，也可省略but只保留also；(2)“not

only...but

also...”連接的兩個并列成分作主語時，謂語動詞的數(shù)遵循“就近原則”；Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherisenjoyingthefilm.(3)“not

only...but

also...”連接兩個句子且把not

only置于句首時，not

only部分要用部分倒裝語序。Notonlydidhespeakmorecorrectly,butalsohespokemoreeasily.【單句語法填空/句式升級】（1）Not

only

the

foreign

students

but

also

the

teacher

_________________（attract）

by

the

authentic

Chinese

tea

culture

so

far.has

been

attracted（2）Through

the

exhibition，

you

can

not

only

admire

wonderful

pictures，but

also

have

a

better

understanding

of

the

art

of

traditional

Chinese

painting.→Through

the

exhibition，

___________________________________________，but

you

can

also

have

a

better

understanding

of

the

art

of

traditional

Chinese

painting.

（倒裝）［應(yīng)用文寫作之活動介紹］

not

only

can

you

admire

wonderful

picturesWhydifferentcropsaregrownisthattheyputimportantmineralsbackintotheground，makingitreadyforthenextbatchofcrops.種植不同的作物是因為它們把重要的礦物質(zhì)釋放回土壤，使其為下一批作物（的生長）做好準備。（1）現(xiàn)在分詞（短語）作結(jié)果狀語，表示自然而然的、意料之中的結(jié)果；常與主句動作同時或緊接著發(fā)生。Theheavyrainlastedforhours,floodingthestreets.大雨持續(xù)數(shù)小時，導致街道被淹。（2）動詞不定式（短語）作結(jié)果狀語，表示偶然的、意料之外的結(jié)果，且前面常有only修飾。Herantothestationquickly,onlytofindthetrainhadalreadyleft.他快速跑到車站，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)火車已經(jīng)開走了。【單句語法填空/句式升級】（1）You'd

better

master

some

basic

Chinese

in

advance，

________（make）

it

easy

for

you

to

adapt

to

the

new

life

in

Beijing.（2）We

reached

the

hotel

at

the

time

as

arranged，

only__________（tell）

there

were

no

rooms

available.makingto

be

told（3）A

fire

broke

out

without

warning，

and

it

caused

severe

economic

loss

in

that

place.→A

fire

broke

out

without

warning，

_________________________________________.

causing

severe

economic

loss

in

that

place［現(xiàn)在分詞（短語）作結(jié)果狀語］Ⅰ.品句填詞1.As

cities

balloon

with

growth，

access

to

nature

for

people

living

in

u_____

areas

is

becoming

harder

to

find.2.If

you

are

in

need

of

a

deadline_________（延長），

simply

explain

the

situation

to

the

professor.3.With

the

development

of

technology，

online

discussion

forums

are

a

convenient

a_________for

assignments

requiring

teamwork.4.Judging

from

his

confident

statements，

I

was________（完全地）

convinced

of

his

ability

to

tackle

this

problem

perfectly.rbanextensionlternativeentirely5.Tom

witnessed

the

___________（普遍的）

consumption

of

sugary

drinks

by

kids

at

his

own

school.widespread6.I

am

writing

to

ask

for

your

valuable

advice

on

the

________（方面）

of

traditional

Chinese

culture

which

are

extremely

appealing

to

foreign

friends.aspects7.After

a

big

meal，

it's

beneficial

to

go

for

a

short

walk

to

help

your

body

d______

the

food

more

efficiently.8.We

are

exposed

to

an

overwhelming

number

of__________（化學物質(zhì)）

every

day

in

our

air，

water

and

food.igestchemicalsⅡ.詞塊運用1.As

the

seasons

change，

the

colors

of

the

leaves

______________（依次改變），

from

green

to

yellow.2.As

has

been

mentioned

above，

all

these

devices_______________________________（對遠程控制是必不可少的）.change

in

turnare

essential

to/for

remote

control3.Faced

with

the

worrying

current

situation

of

oceans，

h