外貿(mào)業(yè)務英語口語及書面表達常用詞匯外貿(mào)業(yè)務中，語言是溝通的橋梁，口語的流暢性與書面表達的規(guī)范性直接影響業(yè)務推進效率。掌握高頻詞匯及精準表達，能有效減少溝通誤差、提升合作信任度。本文結(jié)合外貿(mào)全流程場景，梳理口語與書面表達的核心詞匯及典型用法，助力從業(yè)者高效溝通。一、詢盤與回復（Inquiry&Response）（一）口語常用表達及詞匯客戶發(fā)起詢盤：“Doyouhave[product]instock?What’stheMOQ(MinimumOrderQuantity，最小起訂量)?”回復詢盤：“Sure,wecanoffer[product]withMOQof[X].Letmecheckthelatestpriceforyou.”跟進詢盤：“Justfollowinguponourpreviousconversation—anythoughtsonthequotewesent?”（二）書面表達核心詞匯及范例正式詢盤：“Weareinterestedinyour[product]andwouldliketoinquireabouttheunitprice,MOQ,anddeliveryterms.”回復函常用語：“Inresponsetoyourinquirydated[date],weherebyprovideourquotationasfollows...”專業(yè)術(shù)語：inquiry（詢盤）、quotation（報價單）、specification（規(guī)格）、packagingdetails（包裝細節(jié)）二、報價與議價（Quotation&Negotiation）（一）口語溝通詞匯報價說明：“OurpriceisFOB(FreeonBoard，離岸價)[port],whichincludes...butexcludesshippinginsurance.”議價回應：“Wecangivea3%discountifyouincreasetheorderquantityto[X]units.”價格底線：“That’sourrock-bottomprice—wecan’tgoanylowerduetotherawmaterialcosts.”（二）書面報價與議價報價單結(jié)構(gòu)：“Quotationfor[Product]：UnitPrice:USD[X]/PC,PaymentTerm:T/T(TelegraphicTransfer，電匯)30%deposit,70%beforeshipment,Delivery:30daysafterdepositreceived.”議價回函：“Regardingyourrequestforpricereduction,weproposeadjustingtheMOQto500unitstoenablea2%discount.”關(guān)鍵術(shù)語：CIF(Cost,Insurance,Freight，到岸價)、discountrate（折扣率）、validityperiod（報價有效期）三、訂單與合同（Order&Contract）（一）口語確認訂單確認：“We’dliketoplaceanorderfor300units—pleasesendthePI(ProformaInvoice，形式發(fā)票)forourconfirmation.”合同細節(jié)溝通：“Canweaddaclauseaboutlatedeliverypenaltyinthecontract?”催促簽約：“Oncethecontractissigned,we’llarrangeproductionimmediately.”（二）書面文件合同條款：“Article5:Deliveryshallbemadewithin45daysafterreceiptofdeposit.Article6:Incaseofforcemajeure,bothpartiesshallbeexemptfromliability...”術(shù)語：purchaseorder(PO)（采購訂單）、contractterm（合同條款）、forcemajeure（不可抗力）四、運輸與物流（Shipping&Logistics）（一）口語溝通物流查詢：“Whereisourshipmentnow?Hasitclearedcustoms?”延誤溝通：“There’sadelayinshipmentduetoportcongestion—we’llupdateyouwiththenewETA(EstimatedTimeofArrival，預計到港時間).”（二）書面通知裝船通知：“ShipmentAdvice:InvoiceNo.[X],VesselName:[X],ETD(EstimatedTimeofDeparture，預計離港時間):[date],ETA:[date],ContainerNo.:[X]”物流確認：“Weconfirmthatthegoodshavebeenshippedvia[shippingline]andtheB/L(BillofLading，提單)willbesenttoyoubycourier.”術(shù)語：shippingmark（嘜頭）、customsclearance（清關(guān)）、partialshipment（分批裝運）五、付款與結(jié)算（Payment&Settlement）（一）口語協(xié)商催款溝通：“Thepaymentisduethisweek—couldyouarrangethetransferassoonaspossible?”付款確認：“We’vereceivedyourdeposit—thanksforthepromptpayment!”（二）書面文件付款通知：“PaymentReminder:InvoiceNo.[X]Amount:USD[X]DueDate:[date]PleasesettlethepaymentviaT/Ttoourbankaccount:[accountdetails]”信用證相關(guān)：“TheL/Cshouldbeopened15daysbeforetheexpectedshipmentdate,adheringtothetermsinthecontract.”術(shù)語：downpayment（預付款）、paymentterm（付款條件）、documentaryrequirements（單據(jù)要求）六、爭議與解決（Dispute&Resolution）（一）口語溝通質(zhì)量爭議：“Thegoodsreceiveddon’tmatchthesample—there’saqualityissue.Howwillyouhandlethis?”索賠溝通：“Wedemanda10%refundorreplacementofthedefectivegoods.”協(xié)商解決：“Let’sfindamutuallybeneficialsolution—maybewecanofferadiscountonyournextorder?”（二）書面函件投訴函：“Regardingtheshipmentreceivedon[date],weregrettoinformyouthat20%ofthegoodsaredefective...Werequestaformal