第一部分

課程培優(yōu)第7講

Grade

8（下）

Units

1—4重難點突破日常交流提升話題閱讀建構(gòu)話題寫作培優(yōu)重難點突破011.The

sun

rose

at

7:25

this

morning

and

it

will

set

at

6:09

this

evening.考點：辨析

raise

和rise詞條詞義

用法

示例raise舉起；升起及物動詞，可用于被動語態(tài)raise

one's

hand（s）

舉手增加raise

salaries

漲工資撫養(yǎng)；養(yǎng)育raise

a

pet

養(yǎng)寵物籌募（錢財）raise

money

籌錢征集（人員）；組建raise

an

army

組建一支部隊詞條詞義

用法

示例rise升起不及物動詞，不可用于被動語態(tài)We

got

up

before

the

sun

rose.我們在太陽升起之前就起床了。上升；增加The

price

rises.

價格上漲。續(xù)表運用：用raise或rise的適當形式填空。（1）As

spring

comes,

the

temperature

_____

higher

and

higher.（2）It's

said

that

people

are

likely

to_____the

voice

when

telling

a

lie.（3）She

has

to

go

to

work

before

the

sun_____.（4）The

little

boy

suddenly______his

right

hand.（5）He

worked

hard

and

earned

money

to_____his

family.risesraiserisesraisesraise2.This

plant

can

live

as

long

as

1,500

years,

so

people

call

it

a

living

fossil.考點：辨析live,

alive,

living

和lively詞條詞義用法示例livev.居?。淮婊钜话阕鞑患拔飫釉~，作及物動詞時后接同源賓語He'll

live

in

Xi'an

next

year.I

hope

you

can

live

a

happy

life.詞條詞義用法示例liveadj.

現(xiàn)場直播的；活的可作前置定語，一般用于修飾動植物We

watched

the

live

broadcast

of

the

concert

on

TV.This

is

a

live

fish.aliveadj.

活著的可作表語、后置定語或賓語補足語He

is

the

only

person

alive

in

the

accident.續(xù)表詞條詞義用法示例livingadj.

活著的可作表語或前置定語He

is

a

living

Lei

Feng.livelyadj.

活潑的；生動的可作定語或表語，既可以指人也可以指物She

has

a

sweet

and

lively

personality.續(xù)表運用：用live，alive，living或lively填空。（1）We

watched

a

_____

football

match

last

night.（2）Doctors

kept

the

baby______for

six

weeks.（3）He

bought

some_____fish

in

the

market

yesterday.（4）She

is

a

wise

and______woman.（5）Most______things

in

the

world

need

air,

sunshine

and

water.livealivelivelivelyliving3.Maybe

the

pandas

could

eat

some

grass

instead

of

bamboo.考點：辨析instead

和instead

of詞條詞義用法示例instead代替；替代副詞,通常位于句末或句首，位于句首時常用逗號將其與后面內(nèi)容隔開Lily

isn't

here.

Ask

Ludy

instead.instead

of而不是介詞短語，其后常跟名詞、代詞或動名詞We

will

ask

Li

Mei

instead

of

May.運用：用instead或instead

of填空。（1）Jack

didn't

have

noodles

for

lunch.

_______,

he

had

rice

and

fish.（2）It's

too

hot

outside.

Why

not

go

swimming__________playing

basketball?Insteadinstead

of4.It

was

also

possible

for

common

people

to

read

books.考點：辨析

It's

+

adj.

+for

sb.

+to

do

sth.

和It's

+

adj.

+of

sb.

+to

do

sth.句型用法It's

+adj.+for

sb.

+to

do

sth.for前的形容詞描述事物的特征或性質(zhì)，如easy,

difficult,

interesting，important等It's

+adj.+of

sb.

+to

do

sth.of前的形容詞描述行為者的性格或品質(zhì)，如kind,

friendly,

clever,

careless等運用：用for或of填空。（1）It's

necessary

____

us

to

help

our

friends

out

when

they

meet

difficulties.（2）It's

really

wise___you

to

communicate

with

your

parents

in

a

proper

way.（3）It's

very

important____kids

to

tell

the

difference

between

right

and

wrong.foroffor5.When

people

first

hear

it

laughing,

they

are

usually

quite

surprised

and

begin

to

laugh

along

with

the

tree.

考點：辨析

hear

sb.

do

sth.和hear

sb.

doing

sth.詞條詞義示例hear

sb.

do

sth.經(jīng)常聽到某人做某事/聽到某人做某事的全過程Did

you

hear

him

go

out?詞條詞義示例hear

sb.

doing

sth.聽見某人正在做某事I

hear

Lucy

singing

in

her

room.類似用法還有：

watch/

see/

notice

sb.

doing

sth.和watch/

see/

notice

sb.

do

sth.續(xù)表運用：單項選擇。（1）—Listen!

Who

is

singing

in

the

next

room?

—It

must

be

Sally.

I

often

hear

her

___

there.DA.singing

B.sings

C.to

sing

D.sing（2）I

saw

him

___

basketball

on

the

playground

when

I

passed

by.AA.playing

B.play

C.played

D.to

play6.He

hasn't

been

to

the

zoo

in

Edmonton

yet.

考點：辨析have/has

been

to，have/has

gone

to和have/has

been

in詞條用法示例have/has

been

to“曾經(jīng)去過某地（人已經(jīng)回來）”，可以和once,

twice,

three

times

等連用I

have

been

to

Beijing

many

times.have/has

gone

to“去了某地（還未回來）”，常用第三人稱作主語，說話時此人不在現(xiàn)場—Where

is

your

father?—He

has

gone

to

Shanghai.詞條用法示例have/has

been

in“在某地待了多長時間”，常與表示一段時間的狀語連用He

has

been

in

Hong

Kong

for

two

days.續(xù)表運用：用have

been

to,

have

gone

to或have

been

in的適當形式填空。（1）—Where

is

Tom?—He

____________

the

supermarket.（2）______you

ever________the

Great

Wall?

It's

very

beautiful.（3）John____________Beijing

for

three

days.

He

is

having

fun

there.（4）Tom____________Canada

many

times,

so

he

knows

much

about

it.has

gone

toHavebeen

tohas

been

inhas

been

to7.What

will

happen

if

he

comes

to

our

neighborhood?考點：辨析happen和take

place詞條用法示例happen意為“偶然發(fā)生”。sth.

happens/happened

to

sb.

“某人發(fā)生了某事”An

accident

happened

to

a

little

girl

in

that

street.意為“碰巧”。sb.

happens/happened

to

do

sth.“某人碰巧做某事”I

happened

to

meet

an

old

friend

on

my

way

home

yesterday.詞條用法示例take

place指根據(jù)安排或計劃發(fā)生，含有事先預料或準備的意思Great

changes

have

taken

place

in

my

hometown

during

the

past

ten

years.相同點：happen

和take

place

都沒有被動語態(tài)續(xù)表運用：根據(jù)漢語意思完成下列句子。（1）這起車禍發(fā)生在上個星期。The

car

accident

_________

last

week.happened（2）班會將于明天舉行。The

class

meeting

will

_____

______

tomorrow.takeplace（3）如果你碰巧看到瑪麗，告訴她給我打個電話。

If

you

happen

___

____

Mary,

tell

her

to

phone

me.tosee8.Like

all

birds,

they

lay

eggs—big

eggs.考點：辨析lay

和lie詞條詞義常用詞組layvt.

放置；產(chǎn)卵（lay—laid—laid—laying）lay

down

放下lievi.

平躺（lie—lay—lain—lying）lie

down

躺下vi.

說謊（lie—lied—lied—lying）lie

to

sb.

about

sth.關(guān)于某事向某人撒謊n.

謊言tell

a

lie

說謊運用：用lay

或

lie的適當形式填空。（1）She

____

down

on

her

bed

and

listened

to

the

song

again

and

again.（2）We'd

better

not

trust

him

because

I

think

he_____to

us

just

now.laylied9.The

number

of

tigers

in

the

wild

is

quickly

decreasing

and

we

must

do

something

about

it.考點：

辨析the

number

of

和

a

number

of詞條用法示例the

number

of意為“……的數(shù)量”，后接可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)The

number

of

some

wild

animals

gets

smaller

and

smaller.a

number

of意為“許多”，后接可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)，謂語動詞用復數(shù)A

number

of

members

are

students.運用：根據(jù)漢語意思完成下列句子。（1）據(jù)報道，很多關(guān)于防止水污染的方法已經(jīng)被找到了。It's

reported

that

___

________

___

methods

about

how

to

prevent

water

pollution

have

been

found.anumberof（2）如今家用汽車的數(shù)量比以前多了很多。Now

____

________

___

family

cars

is

much

larger

than

before.thenumberof（3）看！許多學生正在操場上玩耍。Look!

___

________

___

students

are

playing

on

the

playground.Anumberof日常交流提升02Talking

about

pets：1.你養(yǎng)寵物了嗎？Do

you

___________________?keep/have/raise

a

pet2.你養(yǎng)了什么寵物？What

pet

_____________________?do

you

keep/have/raise3.狗友好且忠誠。Dogs

are

________

and

______.friendlyloyalTalking

about

the

Internet:4.互聯(lián)網(wǎng)是怎樣幫助你們的呢？______

does

the

Internet

_____

you?Howhelp5.你通常在網(wǎng)上干什么呢？What

_________________

on

the

Internet?do

you

usually

doTalking

about

environmental

protection:6.我們應該怎樣保護我們的地球呢？______

should

we

________________?Howprotect

our

earth7.我認為保護環(huán)境是我們的責任。I

think

_______________

protect

the

environment.it's

our

duty

to8.我們應該尊重地球和地球上的所有生物。We

should

_______

the

earth

and

all

the

living

things

on

it.respect話題閱讀建構(gòu)03自然環(huán)保Ⅰ.完形填空（2023·錦州中考）

When

Juliet

was

a

child,

she

often

went

to

the

city

park

and

played

with

her

friends.

On

a

sunny

morning,

when

Juliet

came

to

the

park

with

her

mom,

she

looked

around

and

felt

very

.

.1.

..

“What's

the

matter,

dear?

What's

wrong

.

.2.

.

you?”

asked

her

mom.

Juliet

replied,

“Mom,

how

beautiful

and

.

.3.

.

it

used

to

be!

But

now

there's

so

much

trash

on

the

ground.”

Juliet's

mom

looked

around.

There

were

pieces

of

paper,

boxes,

glass

bottles

and

a

lot

of

other

trash

.

.4.

..

“What

can

we

do?”

asked

Juliet

sadly.

“I'm

sure

you

will

think

of

something,”

said

her

mom.

As

soon

as

Juliet

and

her

mom

went

home,

Juliet

painted

a

picture

of

the

park

and

wrote

a

sign

in

big

.

.5.

.

at

the

top

of

the

picture.

The

sign

read

“PLEASE

KEEP

OUR

PARK

CLEAN”.

Later,

she

.

.6.

.

plenty

of

bags

and

went

back

to

the

park

with

her

mom.

Juliet

put

up

her

picture

on

a

big

trash

can（垃圾桶）.

“Will

you

help

me

.

.7.

.

trash,

mom?”

Juliet

said

as

she

handed

her

mom

a

bag.

“I

surely

will,”

replied

her

mom

with

a

big

smile.

The

children

at

the

park

ran

over

to

.

.8.

.

what

was

going

on.

Juliet

handed

them

each

a

bag.

“Let's

clean

this

place

up,”

said

Juliet.

Then

they

began

to

pick

up

the

trash,

talking

and

laughing.

Soon

all

the

bags

were

.

.9.

..

“We

need

to

come

back

.

.10.

.

day.

There's

still

some

trash

on

the

ground,

but

the

park

looks

much

better,”

said

Juliet.

Her

mom

said,

“So

it

does.

I'm

proud

of

you.

I

knew

you

would

think

of

a

way

to

help.”1.(

)

A.interested

B.excited

C.unhappy

D.relaxedC2.(

)

A.to

B.with

C.on

D.forB3.(

)

A.noisy

B.clean

C.dirty

D.happyB4.(

)

A.everywhere

B.anywhere

C.somewhere

D.nowhereA5.(

)

A.letters

B.boxes

C.bags

D.bottlesA6.(

)

A.left

B.returned

C.built

D.tookD7.(

)

A.set

up

B.pick

up

C.put

up

D.take

upB8.(

)

A.think

B.laugh

C.see

D.sayC9.(

)

A.full

B.big

C.empty

D.brokenA10.(

)

A.the

others

B.other

C.another

D.othersCⅡ.閱讀理解（A）（2023·威海中考）Green

Energy

for

Today

and

Tomorrow

Did

you

know

that

most

of

the

energy

we

use

comes

from

the

sun?

For

example,

the

sun

helps

plants

to

grow.

Plants

that

grew

millions

of

years

ago

turned

into

coal,

oil,

and

natural

gas

（天然氣）.

We

call

these

fossil

fuels

（化石燃料）.

However,

fossil

fuels

make

pollution.

This

is

bad

for

the

Earth.

Fossil

fuels

are

also

nonrenewable.

Some

day

they

will

be

gone.

So,

scientists

want

people

to

use

green

energy.

Why

is

green

energy

important?

First,

it

is

clean.

It

doesn't

hurt

the

Earth.

Next,

it

is

renewable.

It

won't

run

out.

Green

energy

gives

us

almost

25%

of

the

electricity

we

use

today.

What

are

the

main

sources

（來源）

of

green

energy?

Water

Power

Water

power

uses

moving

water

in

rivers

and

dams

（堤壩）.

Moving

water

has

energy.

Water

power

makes

16.6%

of

the

electricity

we

use.

Wind

Power

Is

wind

power

new?

No,

it

isn't.

People

used

wind

power

many

years

ago.

Wind

power

makes

4%

of

the

electricity

we

use.

Solar

Power

Solar

power

comes

from

sunlight.

The

sun

shines

on

solar

panels

（太陽能板）,

and

electricity

is

made.

Solar

power

is

now

as

cheap

as

some

fossil

fuels.

It

makes

1.5%

of

the

electricity

we

use

Biomass

（生物質(zhì)能）

Biomass

is

energy

that

we

get

from

plants

around

us.

For

example,

dead

wood

or

grass

is

burned

in

power

stations.

This

makes

electricity.

Biomass

is

green

energy

because

we

plant

new

trees

or

crops

（莊稼）

after

we

use

it.

Biomass

makes

2%

of

the

electricity

we

use.

New

Green

Energy

Oceans

rise

and

fall

each

day.

This

moving

water

can

make

electricity.

We

call

it

tide

power.

There

is

also

heat

under

the

Earth's

surface.

Scientists

can

use

this

heat

for

energy,

which

is

called

heat

power.

We

may

find

other

sources

of

green

energy

in

the

future.

Some

day,

green

energy

could

make

100%

of

the

electricity

we

use.

That's

good

news

for

the

Earth!1.How

do

we

get

most

of

the

electricity

nowadays?(

)

AA.Through

fossil

fuels.B.Through

green

energy.C.Through

other

kinds

of

energy.2.In

Paragraph

2,

what's

the

meaning

of

the

word

“nonrenewable”

?(

)

CA.可回收的

B.不可更新的

C.不可再生的3.Why

do

scientists

suggest

using

green

energy?(

)

A.Because

it

is

as

cheap

as

fossil

fuels.B.Because

it

is

clean

and

won't

be

used

up.C.Because

it

is

the

main

source

of

electricity

now.B4.Where

can

we

get

biomass?(

)

CA.From

natural

gas.

B.From

new

trees.

C.From

dead

plants.5.How

many

kinds

of

green

energy

are

mentioned

in

the

passage?(

)

BA.4.

B.6.

C.7.（B）（2023·福建中考）

In

the

past

nine

years,

Li

Jin,

who

was

born

in

Guangxi

but

raised

in

Sanya,

has

made

great

efforts

to

protect

the

waters

of

Sanya

city

in

Hainan.

He

is

now

spreading

the

knowledge

of

environmental

protection

through

new

media

platforms

（媒體平臺）.

Around

2014,

he

began

doing

volunteer

work

to

clear

rubbish

from

the

beaches

and

officially

registered

（注冊）

as

a

volunteer

in

May,

2017.

Li

Jin

immediately

took

the

lead

in

a

cleanup

activity

on

the

Sanya

River.

In

April,

2021,

he

used

his

own

money

to

set

up

a

volunteer

service

center

which

has

1,170

registered

members

who

take

part

in

activities

without

asking

for

payment.

So

far,

he

has

spent

about

3,

800

hours

on

volunteer

activities

in

over

550

events.

More

than

2,300

people

have

joined

in

with

his

encouragement.

They've

drawn

the

attention

of

both

the

adults

（成年人）

and

the

children

to

the

importance

of

protecting

the

oceans

and

beaches.

Since

it

was

set

up,

his

center

has

organized

51

beach-cleaning

activities

that

have

seen

about

1,

800

people

join

in.

In

2021,

because

of

Li's

growing

influence

in

environmental

protection

circles,

the

city

government

invited

him

to

make

a

number

of

short

videos,

in

which

he

uses

simple

words

to

explain

how

to

protect

the

environment.

Several

of

the

videos

have

been

watched

millions

of

times.

“My

volunteer

work

would

be

meaningless

if

I

got

paid.

But

the

work

itself

is

of

great

value.

So

I

will

continue

doing

the

environmental

protection

work,”

he

said.1.What

is

Li

Jin

trying

hard

to

protect?(

)

BA.The

beaches

in

Guangxi.

B.The

waters

of

Sanya.C.The

wildlife

on

the

Sanya

River.

D.The

cities

in

Hainan.2.How

many

people

join

Li

Jin's

volunteer

service

center?(

)

BA.550.

B.1,170.

C.1,800.

D.2,300.3.What

can

we

know

from

paragraph

3?(

)

DA.Millions

of

people

join

in

Li

Jin's

activities.B.Members

in

Li

Jin's

service

center

get

paid.C.Most

activities

are

organized

for

children.D.Some

videos

Li

Jin

made

are

a

success.4.Which

of

the

following

best

describes

Li

Jin?(

)

CA.Quiet

and

kind-hearted.

B.Patient

and

humorous.C.Strong-minded

and

selfless.

D.Honest

and

easygoing.5.What

is

the

text

mainly

about?(

)

AA.A

hero

praised

for

volunteer

work.

B.The

leader

in

a

cleanup

activity.C.The

meaning

of

protecting

water.

D.A

volunteer

service

center.（C）（2022·昆明中考）

Plastic

brings

us

convenience,

and

pollution

as

well.

1.___

It's

in

our

food

and

drinks,

in

the

clothes

we

wear

and

even

in

the

air

we

breathe.

Some

very

tiny

pieces

of

plastic

are

called

microplastics

（微塑料）.

The

largest

microplastics

can

be

directly

seen.

2.___

What

should

we

do

then?3.___

Any

time

plastic

boxes

are

heated,

microplastics

can

get

into

your

food.

If

you

can't

avoid

using

plastic

boxes,

try

not

to

heat

food

in

them.AFB

Use

a

glass

or

metal

cup

instead

of

a

plastic

one.

Researchers

have

found

that

bottled

water

has

more

microplastics

than

tap

water.

4.___

So

if

you

like

drinking

coffee,

hot

milk

or

other

hot

drinks,

remember

to

use

a

glass

or

metal

cup.

Since

plastic

is

everywhere,

researchers

suggest

that

we

should

be

careful

with

possible

microplastics

in

life.

They

may

be

from

baby

toys,

pens,

and

even

phones

we

use

every

day.

5.___GEA.

What's

worse,

it's

everywhere.B.

Avoid

heating

food

in

plastic

boxes.C.

We

should

drink

more

bottled

water.D.

Use

plastic

products

widely

in

our

daily

life.E.

All

in

all,

we

should

use

plastic

products

properly.F.

But

many

of

them

are

small

enough

to

be

around

us

without

being

seen.G.

Also,

the

heat

of

your

drinks

will

encourage

microplastics

to

get

into

your

drinks.話題寫作培優(yōu)04自然環(huán)保第一節(jié)：高分技能

高分技能一：說明寫作的目的和背景

1.I'm

writing

to

call

on

everyone

to

take

an

active

part

in

building

a

beautiful

city.

2.Bike

sharing

has

become

more

and

more

popular.

A

large

number

of

colorful

bicycles

can

be

seen

everywhere

in

the

streets.

However,

it

also

brings

some

problems.

高分技能二：提建議，擺優(yōu)勢

1.Firstly,

we

should

turn

off

the

lights

when

we

leave

the

room

so

that

we

can

save

resourses.

2.Additionally,

we

should

walk

or

take

a

bus

to

school

instead

of

taking

cars.

It's

good

for

both

our

environment

and

our

health.

高分技能三：結(jié)尾發(fā)出呼吁

1.I

hope

everybody

will

join

us

and

take

care

of

our

environment

in

this

way.

I

believe

the

air

around

us

will

be

cleaner

with

the

help

of

us

all.

2.Please

keep

in

mind

that

a

small

action

can

make

a

big

difference.

高分必背句型：

1.In

my

opinion,

we

students

can

protect

the

environment

by

living

a

low-carbon

life.

2.It's

everyone's

duty

to

protect

the

environment.

If

we

can

change

our

way

of

life,

we

can

make

a

big

difference

to

the

earth.

3.Let's

work

hand

in

hand

to

do

something

to

make

a

good

change.

4.Let's

take

action

right

now!

I

believe

our

efforts

will

finally

pay

off.第二節(jié)：實戰(zhàn)演練隨著全球環(huán)境問題日益突出，越來越多的人選擇過“低碳生活”（low-carbon

life），即減少二氧化碳的排放，低能量、低消耗、低開支的生活。請根據(jù)表格中的內(nèi)容，以“How

to

Live

a

Low-carbon

Life？”為題，寫一篇英語短文。應該做不應該做1.多種樹1.砍伐樹木2.步行或騎自行車上學2.坐私家車上學3.離開房間時隨手關(guān)燈3.花太多時間看電視、上網(wǎng)

要求：1.參考提示內(nèi)容，可適當發(fā)揮；

2.語句通順，意思連貫，書寫工整；

3.文中不得出現(xiàn)真實姓名、學校名等信息；

4.詞數(shù)：不少于70。（開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，但不計入總詞數(shù)。）寫作步驟

審：

說明文，主要用第一人稱，一般現(xiàn)在時。

列：

在作文本上列出要點關(guān)鍵詞、短語或句子。

1.提出話題。如：protect

the

environment,a

low-carbon

li