2019年中山大學(xué)英語翻譯基礎(chǔ)真題試卷一、英譯漢1.TPP

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正確答案：（跨太平洋伙伴關(guān)系）2.RustbeltStates

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正確答案：（鐵銹地帶，衰退地區(qū)）3.Shadowbanking

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正確答案：（影子銀行）4.MikePence

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正確答案：（邁克．彭斯）5.Algorithm

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正確答案：（算法）6.Cloudcomputing

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正確答案：（云計(jì)算）7.Mangkhut

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正確答案：（（臺風(fēng)）山竹）8.NAFTA

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正確答案：（北美自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定）9.Disarmament

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正確答案：（裁軍）10.Sexism

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正確答案：（性別歧視）11.Authoritarianism

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正確答案：（獨(dú)裁主義）12.Balancesheet

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正確答案：（資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表）13.Nationalism

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正確答案：（民族主義）14.S&Pindex

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正確答案：（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾指數(shù)）15.CPEC

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正確答案：（中巴經(jīng)濟(jì)走廊）16.Thetrueartistletshimselfgo.Heisnatural.He"swimseasilyinthestreamofhisowntemperament".Helistenstohimself.Herespectshimself.Hecomesintothelightofeverydaylikeagreatleviathanofthedeep,breakingthesmoothsurfaceofacceptedthings,gay,serious,sportive.Hisappetiteforlifeisenormous.Heenterseagerlyintothelifeofman,allmen.Hebecomesallmeninhimself.Thefunctionoftheartististodisturb.Hisdutyistoarousethesleepers,toshakethecomplacentpillarsoftheworld.Heremindstheworldofitsdarkancestry,showstheworlditspresent,andpointsthewaytoitsnewbirth.Heisatoncetheproductandpreceptorofhistime.Afterhispassagewearetroubledandmadeunsureofourtoo-easilyacceptedrealities.Hemakesuneasythestatic,thesetandthestill.Inaworldterrifiedofchange,hepreachesrevolution—theprincipleoflife.Heisanagitator,adisturberofthepeace—quick,impatient,positive,restlessanddisquieting.Heisthecreativespiritworkinginthesoulofman.—TheTrueArtist,byNormanBethune

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正確答案：（真正的藝術(shù)家狂放不羈。他自由自在，悠然自得地在自己個(gè)性的川流中暢游。他傾聽自我，尊重自我。他像深海巨鯨，每日浮現(xiàn)水面、一展風(fēng)姿、打破慣有的平靜。他嬉鬧玩耍、輕松愉快，又嚴(yán)肅認(rèn)真、一絲不茍。他酷愛生活，渴望與所有人同呼吸、共命運(yùn)。他成了所有人的化身。藝術(shù)家的作用就是驚世駭俗。其職責(zé)在于喚醒沉睡的人們，驚悟那些沾沾自喜、自鳴得意的世之驕子。他提醒世人不要忘記曾經(jīng)在黑暗中摸索的先輩，讓世人看到當(dāng)前的現(xiàn)狀，為他們指引新生之路。他既是時(shí)代的產(chǎn)物，又是時(shí)代的先鋒。他的出現(xiàn)先是令人困惑，繼而懷疑早已習(xí)以為常的現(xiàn)實(shí)。他令平靜、凝滯、死寂的一切蘇活。在一個(gè)懼怕變革的世界里，他宣揚(yáng)變革乃生活之本。他又是擅長鼓動(dòng)，樂于打破平靜的活動(dòng)家。他機(jī)智敏銳，自信樂觀，熱烈急切．不滿現(xiàn)狀，激人奮發(fā)。他是活躍于人類靈魂深處富于創(chuàng)造力的精靈。——《真正的藝術(shù)家》諾爾曼．白求恩）二、漢譯英17.去杠桿

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正確答案：（deleverage）18.中國制造2025

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正確答案：（2025MadeinChina2025）19.民粹主義

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正確答案：（populism）20.僵尸企業(yè)

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正確答案：（zombiecompanies/enterprises）21.雙一流

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正確答案：（DoubleFirst-Classinitiative）22.人類命運(yùn)共同體

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正確答案：（acommunitywithasharedfutureforhumanity/mankind）23.普惠發(fā)展

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正確答案：（inclusivedevelopment）24.2030年可持續(xù)發(fā)展議程

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正確答案：（2030AgendaforSustainableDevelopment）25.絕對貧困

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正確答案：（absolutepoverty）26.深水區(qū)（改革開放）

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正確答案：（deep-waterzone）27.區(qū)塊鏈

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正確答案：（blockchain）28.量化寬松

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正確答案：（quantitativeeasing）29.77國集團(tuán)

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正確答案：（Groupof77（G77））30.購買力平價(jià)

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正確答案：（purchasingpowerparity）31.新時(shí)代中國特色社會主義思想

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正確答案：（ThoughtonSocialismwithChineseCharacteristicsforaNewEra）32.單純利用水的流動(dòng)來計(jì)時(shí)有許多不便，人們逐漸發(fā)明了利用水做動(dòng)力，以驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)來計(jì)時(shí)。公元前117年，東漢的張衡制造了大型天文計(jì)時(shí)儀器——水運(yùn)渾天儀（theWater-drivenCelestialGlobe），初步具備了機(jī)械性計(jì)時(shí)器的作用。隨后歷代都相繼制作了附設(shè)有計(jì)時(shí)裝置的儀器，其中宋代的蘇頌制造的水運(yùn)儀象臺（theWater-drivenCelestialObservatory），把機(jī)械計(jì)時(shí)裝置的發(fā)展推到一個(gè)新的高峰。該水運(yùn)儀象臺的計(jì)時(shí)機(jī)械部分還可以按時(shí)刻使木偶出來擊鼓報(bào)刻，搖鈴報(bào)時(shí)等。這類計(jì)時(shí)器尚不能算是獨(dú)立的計(jì)時(shí)器，還是天文儀器與計(jì)時(shí)儀器的混合體。至14世紀(jì)60年代，我國的機(jī)械計(jì)時(shí)器已脫離了天文儀器而獨(dú)立，不但具有傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)——齒輪系，而且還有擒縱器（escapement），如果再前進(jìn)一步，就可能出現(xiàn)完全現(xiàn)代意義上的鐘表。但遺憾的是，中國沒能做到這一點(diǎn)，最終機(jī)械鐘表還是從西方引進(jìn)。——選自《中國文學(xué)》，2000（1）

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正確答案：（Measuringtimebytheflowofwaterhasdisadvantages.Byandby,peopleinventedtime-measuringdeviceswithwaterasthedrivingforceforitsmechanicalsystem.In117BC,ZhangHengmanufacturedtheWater-drivenCelestialGlobe,alarge,astronomical,time-measuringapparatusthathadtheprimitivefunctionofamechanicaltimemeasurer.Throughthelaterdynasties,manyapparatuswithattachedtime-measuringdeviceswereproduced.IntheSongDynasty（AD960—1279）,SuSong’sWater-drivenCelestialObservatorymarkedanewheightofmechanicaltime-measuringinstrumen