高一英語(yǔ)閱讀理解(社會(huì)文化)的技巧及練習(xí)題及練習(xí)題(含答案)一、高中英語(yǔ)閱讀理解社會(huì)文化類1．閱讀理解TheatersofthePast

TheGreekTheater

TheatersdevelopedinmanypartsofGreece.AncientGreektheaterswerebuiltinnaturalopenairsitesonconvenientlyshapedhills.Thisallowedagreatmassofpeopletoenjoyashowatatime.Duetothis,actorsplacedemphasisonexaggerated(夸張的)actionandspeech.And,colorfulsymbolicmasksandcostumeswereused.

TheMedievalTheater

TheMedievaltheaterstartedinchurches.That'swhymedievalplayswereaboutBiblestories.Atfirst,itbecameacustomforpriests(牧師)toactoutbriefscenesduringChristmasandEaster.Theseactsattractedlargecrowds.Finallythechurchrefusedtoallowprieststoparticipateinanysucheventsagain,soordinarypeoplebegantheseperformancesoutside.Performancesweresetinthetownsquare,withseveralstagesettingsaroundit.

TheElizabethanTheater

TheEngland'stheaterdevelopedrapidlyintheyearsfollowingthedefeatoftheSpanishNavy.ThedominantfeatureofElizabethantheaterwasthestage.Ithasthreeparts:Theforestageforoutsidescenes;theinnerstageforscenesinsideabuilding;anupperstageorbalconyforvariouspurposes.Thereasonforthisdesignisthattherewerenoscenechanges,orbreaksduringtheplay.Verylittlescenerywasused,sotheactorshadtocreateascenethroughtheirvoicesanddialogues.Thisledtoamorepoeticscript,andpoetsbecamethemainsourceofscriptwriting.

TheRestorationTheater

Someoftheplaystoldsadstories,butthemajorityoftheplayswerereallyfunny.Manyspecializedmachineswereusedtocreatethescene.Thestagewasaverycleveridea,inthatonthesidesofthestagelargebackshutters(百葉窗)werepaintedwiththescene.（1）WhywereancientGreektheatersbuiltonhills?A.Toholdalargeaudience.B.Tobuildabigandstrongstage.C.Tohaveabettersoundeffect.D.Toemphasizeexaggeratedperformances.（2）Inwhichtheatercouldactors'voicesandspeechhelpcreatescenes?A.TheGreekTheater.B.TheMedievalTheater.C.TheElizabethanTheater.D.TheRestorationTheater.（3）WhatisspecialabouttheRestorationTheater?A.Colorfulmaskswereused.B.Thestagewassmartlydesigned.C.Mostofitsplaysweresorrowful.D.Ordinarypeopleweretheperformers.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了四個(gè)古代的劇院。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)TheGreekTheater部分中的“AncientGreektheaterswerebuiltinnaturalopenairsitesonconvenientlyshapedhills.Thisallowedagreatmassofpeopletoenjoyashowatatime.”古希臘的劇院建在自然開闊的地方，建在形狀方便的山上。這使得一大群人可以一次欣賞一場(chǎng)演出，可知，希臘劇院建在山上是為了讓更多的觀眾可以一起欣賞演出。故選A。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)TheElizabethanTheater部分中的“Verylittlescenerywasused,sotheactorshadtocreateascenethroughtheirvoicesanddialogues.”布景用得很少，所以演員們不得不通過(guò)他們的聲音和對(duì)話來(lái)創(chuàng)造一個(gè)場(chǎng)景，可知，在TheElizabethanTheater,演員的聲音和言語(yǔ)能幫助創(chuàng)造場(chǎng)景。故選C。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)TheRestorationTheater部分中的“Thestagewasaverycleveridea,inthatonthesidesofthestagelargebackshutters(百葉窗)werepaintedwiththescene.”舞臺(tái)是一個(gè)非常聰明的想法，因?yàn)槲枧_(tái)兩側(cè)的大背板上都畫著場(chǎng)景)可知，在TheRestorationTheater舞臺(tái)設(shè)計(jì)非常巧妙。故選B。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。2．閱讀理解

Academiclearningisusuallyinthespotlightatschool,butteachingelementary-agestudents“soft”skillslikeself-controlandhowtogetalongwithothersmighthelptokeepat-riskkidsoutofcriminaltroubleinthefuture.

OnceaprogramcalledFastTrackwasstartedintheearly1990sformorethan7,600childrenof55schoolsinAmerica.Theywereidentifiedbytheirteachersandparentstobeathighriskfordevelopingaggressivebehavioralproblems.Thestudentswererandomlydividedintotwogroups;halftookpartintheintervention,whichincludedateacher-ledcurriculum,parenttraininggroups,academictutoringandlessonsinself-controlandsocialskills.Theprogram,whichlastedfromfirstgradethrough10thgrade,reduceddelinquency(少年犯罪),arrestsanduseofhealthandmentalhealthservicesasthestudentsagedthroughadolescenceandyoungadulthood.

Inanotherlateststudy,bylookingatthedatafromnearly900studentsinpreviousfindings,researchersfoundthataboutathirdoftheinfluenceonfuturecrimeoutcomeswasduetothesocialandself-regulationskillsthestudentslearnedfromages6to11.

Theacademicskills,orhardskillslikelearningofphysics,whichweretaughtaspartofFastTrack,turnedouttohavelessofaninfluenceoncrimeanddelinquencyratesthandidthesoftskills,whichareassociatedwithemotional(情緒的)intelligence.Softskillsmightincludeteachingkidstoworkcooperativelyinagrouporteachingthemhowtothinkaboutthelong-termconsequenceswhentheymakeadecision.

Researchersdrewtheconclusionthatthesesoftskillsshouldbeemphasizedevenmoreinoureducationsystemandinoursystemofsocializingchildren.Parentsshoulddoalltheycantopromotetheseskillswiththeirchildrenasshouldeducationpolicymakers.Totheextentwecanimprovethoseskills,wecanimproveoutcomesindelinquency.（1）FastTrackwasintendedforchildrenwho

.A.

wererandomlychosenfromtheirschools

B.

hadsomeproblemswithacademiclearningC.

oftenwentagainsttheirteachersandparents'wishes

D.

wereconsideredtohavecriminaltroubleinthefuture（2）Whatcanbelearnedabout"theintervention"inParagraph2?A.

Itincludedallthestudents.

B.

Itfocusedonsocialskills.C.

Itimprovedhealthservices.

D.

Ithadpositiveoutcomes.（3）Comparedwithsoftskills,hardskills

.A.

almosthavenoinfluenceonstudents

B.

aremoreaffectedbystudents'emotionC.

aremainlyrelatedtoacademiclearning

D.

offerchildrengreaterself-controlabilities（4）Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.

SoftSocialSkillsMatter

B.

FastTrackHelpsChildrenC.

HowtoPreventDelinquency

D.

WhattoDOforEducation【答案】（1）D（2）D（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，講述的是軟社交技能的重要性。(1)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Academiclearningisusuallyinthespotlightatschool,butteachingelementary-agestudents‘soft’skillslikeself-controlandhowtogetalongwithothersmighthelptokeepat-riskkidsoutofcriminaltroubleinthefuture.可知，F(xiàn)astTrack是為那些在未來(lái)被認(rèn)為有犯罪問(wèn)題的兒童準(zhǔn)備的。故選D。(2)考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thestudentswererandomlydividedintotwogroups;halftookpartintheintervention,whichincludedateacher-ledcurriculum,parenttraininggroups,academictutoringandlessonsinself-controlandsocialskills.”學(xué)生被隨機(jī)分為兩組；一半的人參與了theintervention，其中包括教師主導(dǎo)的課程、家長(zhǎng)培訓(xùn)小組、學(xué)術(shù)輔導(dǎo)以及自我控制和社交技巧方面的課程。由此推知?jiǎng)澗€詞的意思是“輔導(dǎo)”，故選D。(3)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“Theacademicskills,orhardskillslikelearningofphysics,whichweretaughtaspartofFastTrack,turnedouttohavelessofaninfluenceoncrimeanddelinquencyratesthandidthesoftskills,whichareassociatedwithemotional(情緒的)intelligence.”可知，與軟技能相比，硬技能主要與學(xué)術(shù)學(xué)習(xí)有關(guān)。故選C。(4)考查主旨大意。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Researchersdrewtheconclusionthatthesesoftskillsshouldbeemphasizedevenmoreinoureducationsystemandinoursystemofsocializingchildren.”可知，本文講述的是軟社交技能的重要性。故選A。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷，詞義猜測(cè)和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇社會(huì)類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。3．閱讀理解

TheinfluenceofAmericaisincreasinginmycountry.SpanishpeopledrinkCocaCola,wearbluejeans,watchHollywoodmovies,listentoAmericanmusic,andeatfastfood,andtheydothesethingseveryday.

IthinkthatAmericanmoviesareagoodwaytospreadAmericanculturebecausepeopleareofteninfluencedbywhattheyseeinthemovies.Mostoftheprogramsanddocumentaries(記錄片)wewatchonTVarefromAmerica,andmostofthemovieswegotoseearemadeinHollywood.

Inthelastfewyears,thegovernmenthastriedtoprotecttheSpanishmovies.Now,inourcinemas,atleasttwentypercentofthemovieswhichareshownmustbefromSpainorfromothercountriesinEurope.

AmericancultureisapartofSpanishlifenow.It'scertainthatmanythingsfromAmericaareasmuchapartofpeople'slivesasSpanishthings.Forexample,CocaColaisasfamiliartoeverybodyasanytypicalSpanishproduct.I'veknownaboutCocaColaformywholelife.

However,it'sdifferentwithWesternfastfood.Forexample,Idon'tthinkMcDonald'sisassuccessfulinSpainasitisinothercountries.Inmyopinion,oneofthereasonsmaybethelifestyleoftheSpanishpeople,TheSpanishpeoplenormallyeatathome.

Ontheotherhand,maybeMcDonald'shamburgerswilleventuallyreplacethefamousSpanishtapas.It'struethatineverycityinSpainyoucanfindaMcDonald's,anditismorepopularamongtheSpanishchildrenthanamongtheadults.Inanycase,it'sobviousthatAmericancultureisbecomingmoreandmoreapartofourliveseveryday.（1）Fromthefirstparagraphwecanknowthat

.A.

theinfluenceofAmericaonSpaincanbefoundeverywhere.

B.

mostSpanishpeopledon'tliketolistentotheirownmusic,C.

fastfoodspreadsfromSpaintotheUnitedStates.

D.

someSpanishactorsgotoAmericatoimprovetheiractingskills.（2）WhatplaysanimportantpartinthespreadingofAmericancultureinSpain?A.

Americannovels.

B.

Hollywoodmovies.

C.

McDonald.

D.

Americanmusic.（3）WhydidthegovernmentsetsomerulesforthefilmsshowninSpain?A.

ToprotectforeigncultureinSpain.

B.

ToearnmoremoneyfromSpanishfilms.C.

Tolimitthenumberofforeignmovie.

D.

TouniteEuropeanCommunities.（4）WhatdoyouthinkSpanishtapasmightbe?A.

Thenameofadrink.

B.

Thenameofarestaurant.C.

Aclothingbrand.

D.

Acertainkindoffood.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，講述了美國(guó)對(duì)作者家鄉(xiāng)西班牙有很大的影響，美國(guó)人的飲食習(xí)慣。穿著習(xí)慣和生活習(xí)慣都極大影響了西班牙人。(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段可知，到處都可以發(fā)現(xiàn)美國(guó)對(duì)西班牙的影響。選A。(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“IthinkthatAmericanmoviesareagoodwaytospreadAmericanculture”可知，故答案選B。(3)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“Inthelastfewyears,thegovernmenthastriedtoprotecttheSpanishmovies.Now,inourcinemas,atleasttwentypercentofthemovieswhichareshownmustbefromSpainorfromothercountriesinEurope.”可推斷出，西班牙政府給在西班牙上演的電影制定一些規(guī)則是為了限制外國(guó)電影的數(shù)量，保護(hù)西班牙的電影。選C。(4)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Ontheotherhand,maybeMcDonald'shamburgerswilleventuallyreplacethefamousSpanishtapas.”可知，或許麥當(dāng)勞的漢堡將最終取代著名的西班牙tapas，由此可推斷tapas指西班牙的一種食品。選D。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解

Here'saselectionoffestivalsfortouriststotheUnitedStatesinsummer.SanFranciscoSilentFilmFestival

Filmsatthisoddcinematiceventhaveavarietyofmusicalaccompaniments,includingpianoandviolin.Itincludessomeclassicsilentmovies.Ifyouwanttoseethemall,youcanbuyafestivalpass.May29toJune1;www.silentUnionStreetFestival

Thispopularstreetfairstretchesoutoversixblocksofthecity,inthefashionableshoppingareaofUnionStreet.Thisyear,there'sbeer,wine,biscuitstastingandmoreseparatethemes-fashion,cuisine,tech,local,craft,andhealthandfitness.

June7to10;

NorthBeachFestival

ThisisSanFrancisco'soldeststreetparty,withliveentertainment,deliciousfoodandartsandcrafts.SituatedintheLittleItalydistrict,knownforitsassociationswiththe“BeatGeneration”,festivalgoersareguaranteedplentyofgoodItalianfood.Thereisalsoasthe“blessingoftheanimals”,aSanFranciscotraditionwhichtakesplaceattheNationalShrineofSaintFrancisofAssisi(610VallejoStreet)at2pmonbothdaysofthefestival.

June14to16;

SternGroveFestival

ThisistheoldestfreesummerartsfestivalofitskindintheUnitedStates.Itincludesawidevarietyofacts,fromthelocalsymphonyorchestratowellknownartistssuchasSmokeyRobinson.

SundaysfromJune22toAug24;（1）Whichofthefollowingfestivalscontainsthemostthemes?A.

UnionStreetFestival.

B.

SanFranciscoSilentFilmFestival.C.

NorthBeachFestival.

D.

StemGroveFestival.（2）HowisNorthBeachFestivaldifferentfromtheotherfestivals?A.

Festivalgoerscanenjoyfoodinit.

B.

Itlaststheshortesttime.C.

Ithasthelongesthistoryoffood.

D.

Someforeigncultureispresentedinit.（3）WhencanyouenjoytheoldestartsfestivalintheUnitedStates?A.

SaturdaysinJuly.

B.

SaturdaysinMay.

C.

SundaysinMay.

D.

SundaysinJuly.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了美國(guó)旅游時(shí)的夏季盛會(huì)，即三藩無(wú)聲電影節(jié)、聯(lián)合大街節(jié)、北灘節(jié)和斯特恩格羅夫節(jié)。(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)UnionStreetFestival部分中的“Thisyear,there'sbeer,wine,biscuitstastingandmoreseparatethemes-fashion,cuisine,tech,local,craft,andhealthandfitness.”可知，今年有啤酒、葡萄酒、餅干品嘗和時(shí)尚、美食、科技、地方、工藝、健康和健身等多個(gè)主題?？芍xA。(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)NorthBeachFestival可知，時(shí)間是從June14to16，只有3天。SanFranciscoSilentFilmFestival（May29toJune1）4天；UnionStreetFestival（June7to10）4天；SternGroveFestival（SundaysfromJune22toAug24）時(shí)間更長(zhǎng)。故選B。(3)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)SternGroveFestival部分中的“ThisistheoldestfreesummerartsfestivalofitskindintheUnitedStates.”中，時(shí)間在SundaysfromJune22toAug，故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并結(jié)合題目要求，選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解

GuesswhatformerAustralianPrimeMinisterKevinRudd,FacebookCEOMarkZuckerbergandUnitedStatespresidentDonaldTrump'sgranddaughter,ArabellaKushner,haveincommon?TheybothstudyChineseasasecondlanguage.

AlthoughChineseisknownasoneofthehardestlanguagestolearn,alotofpeoplefromdifferentbackgroundsarestudyingitwithhopesofbigbenefits.

Nov2sawmorethan120people,comingfrom105countries,competeinthefinalsofthe12th"ChineseBridge"ChineseProficiencyCompetitionforforeignsecondaryschoolstudents.HeldinZhengzhou,Henanprovince,thefinalswasmainlymadeupofspeechcontestsandtalentshows.ThecontestantsalsovisitedtheShaolinTemple,LongmenGrottoesandotherhistoricalsitesinHenan.

WhilereasonsforlearningChineseweredifferent,acommononewasinterestinthecountry'srichcultureandrapiddevelopment.

Raissa,17,fromtheUnionoftheComoros,developedastrongemotionalconnectionwithChinaafterhergrandmotherwascuredbydoctorsoftheChinesemedicalteaminAfricathreeyearsago.ThisledhertolearnChineseatalocalConfuciusInstitute.

FascinatedbyChineseculture,thecompetitorhastakenpartinactivitiesontraditionalChinesemedicineandfolkartsduringherfirsttriptoChina."MydreamistostudymedicineinChinasothatIcouldcurepatientsliketheChinesedoctorsdid,"shesaid.

ForFeketeMarcellZoltan,17,fromtheHungarian-ChineseBilingualSchool,studyingChinesemaysecurehimafuturejobasaHungariandiplomat(外交官)toChina."Aftergraduationfromhighschool,IwouldliketofurthermystudiesinChina,"hesaid.

RobertDavis,directoroftheChinese-languageprograminChicago'spublicschoolsystem,maygiveyouahint."Chineseisn'tthenewFrench.It'sthenewEnglish,whichiswidelyusedallovertheworld."hetoldCGTN.（1）WhyareMarkZuckerbergandArabellaKushnermentionedinparagraphone?A.ToshowChineseispopular.B.Tointroducethemtothereaders.C.TotellthereaderstheyloveChina.D.TostresstheimportanceoflearningChinese.（2）TheunderlinedwordFascinatedinparagraph6canbereplacedby______.A.AttractedB.EmployedC.InspectedD.Appreciated（3）WhatisthecommonreasonforthecompetitorstolearnChinese?A.It'seasytolearn.B.Theywanttobecomeadoctor.C.Theyhopeforagoodjobaftergraduation.D.TheyhaveinterestinChinesecultureandrapiddevelopment.（4）WhatisRobertDavis'attitudetolearningChinese?A.Doubtful.B.Supportive.C.Indifferent.D.Upset.【答案】（1）A（2）A（3）D（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了漢語(yǔ)變得越來(lái)越受歡迎這一現(xiàn)象。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“TheybothstudyChineseasasecondlanguage.”以及上文可知，前澳大利亞的首相KevinRudd,臉譜CEOMarkZuckerbergand川普的孫女ArabellaKushner,是為了突出他們都在學(xué)漢語(yǔ)，從而表明漢語(yǔ)很流行，所以選A。（2）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第六段中的“FascinatedbyChineseculture,thecompetitorhastakenpartinactivitiesontraditionalChinesemedicineandfolkartsduringherfirsttriptoChina.”可知是由于被中國(guó)文化吸引，參賽者參加各種有關(guān)中醫(yī)以及民間藝術(shù)的活動(dòng)，所以fascinated表示吸引，故選A。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段“WhilereasonsforlearningChineseweredifferent,acommononewasinterestinthecountry'srichcultureandrapiddevelopment.”可知這些參賽者們學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)的共同原因是他們對(duì)中國(guó)文化和發(fā)展感興趣，所以選D。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Chineseisn'tthenewFrench.It'sthenewEnglish,whichiswidelyusedallovertheworld.”可知他認(rèn)為漢語(yǔ)將會(huì)像英語(yǔ)一樣在全世界廣泛應(yīng)用，所以他對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)的態(tài)度是支持的，所以選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和推理判斷三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。6．閱讀理解

SweetestDayisalwaysthethirdSaturdayinOctober.Thisholidayismuchmoreimportantinsomeregionsthaninothers(Detroit,ClevelandandBuffalobeingthebiggestSweetestDaycities).Itisaholidaythatisgaininginpopularityeveryyearthroughoutthecountry.

SweetestDayiscelebratedonthethirdSaturdayinOctoberasadaytomakesomeonehappy.Itisanoccasionwhichoffersallofusanopportunitytoremembernotonlythesick,aged,andorphaned,butalsofriends,relativesandassociateswhosehelpfulnessandkindnesswehaveenjoyed.

Over60yearsago,aClevelandman,believingthatthecity'sorphansandshut-ins(臥病在床的人)toooftenfeltforgottenandneglected,formedtheideaofshowingthemthattheywereremembered.Hedidthisthroughthedistribution(分發(fā))ofsmallgifts.Withthehelpofhisfriendsandneighbors,hedistributedthesesmallremembrancesonaSaturdayinOctober.Duringtheyearsthatfollowed,otherClevelandersbegantoparticipateinthecelebrationceremony,whichcametobecalled"SweetestDay".Intime,theSweetestDayideaofspreadingcheertotheunderprivileged(弱勢(shì)群體)wasbroadenedtoincludeeveryone,andbecameanoccasionforrememberingotherswithakindactorasmallremembrance.Andsoontheideaspreadtoothercitiesalloverthecountry.

SweetestDayisnotbasedonanysinglegroup'sreligiousbelieforonafamilyrelationship.Itisareminderthatathoughtfulwordordeedenricheslifeandgivesitmeaning.Becauseformanypeoplerememberingtakestheformofgift-giving,SweetestDayoffersustheopportunitytoshowothersthatwecare,inapracticalway.（1）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A.MoreandmorepeoplearenowcelebratingSweetestDayinthewholecountry.B.SweetestDayisaholidaywhichalwaysfallsontheSaturdayinOctober.C.SweetestDayismuchmoreimportantinbigcitiesthaninsmallcities.D.Onlyafewreligioushavethetraditiontocelebratetheholiday.（2）TheideaofcreatingSweetestDaycamefrom_____.A.thecity'sorphansandshut-insB.acitynamedCleveland60yearsagoC.amanwhocaredorphansandshut-insD.aman'sfriends,relativesandassociates（3）SweetestDayiscelebratedinthefollowingwaysEXCEPT_____.A.akindactB.afamilypartyC.gift-givingD.asmallremembrance（4）Fromthethirdparagraphwecanlearnthat_____.A.itisthepeopleinClevelandwhospreadSweetestDaytoothercitiesB.onlywiththehelpoftheman'sfriendsandneighbors,hegotasmallremembranceC.over60yearsago,amantoooftenfeltforgottenandneglectedD.allpeoplelovedtoberememberedbyothersonSweetestDayinCleveland【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了美國(guó)的甜蜜日。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Itisaholidaythatisgaininginpopularityeveryyearthroughoutthecountry.”可知，甜蜜日是一個(gè)在全國(guó)每年都越來(lái)越受歡迎的節(jié)日。故選A。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“Over60yearsago,aClevelandman,believingthatthecity'sorphansandshut-ins(臥病在床的人)toooftenfeltforgottenandneglected,formedtheideaofshowingthemthattheywereremembered.”60多年前，一個(gè)克利夫蘭人認(rèn)為，這個(gè)城市的孤兒和被關(guān)在家里的人常常感到被遺忘和忽視，于是產(chǎn)生了這樣一個(gè)想法：讓他們知道，他們被人記掛著。由此可以推斷出，創(chuàng)造甜蜜日的想法來(lái)自一個(gè)關(guān)心孤兒和自閉的人。故選C。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Hedidthisthroughthedistribution(分發(fā))ofsmallgift”以及“Intime,theSweetestDayideaofspreadingcheertotheunderprivileged(弱勢(shì)群體)wasbroadenedtoincludeeveryone,andbecameanoccasionforrememberingotherswithakindactorasmallremembrance.”可知，慶祝甜蜜日可以通過(guò)送小禮物，小小的紀(jì)念品或者善意的行為。文章中并沒(méi)有提可以通過(guò)家庭聚會(huì)的方式來(lái)慶祝。故選B。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“Intime,theSweetestDayideaofspreadingcheertotheunderprivileged(弱勢(shì)群體)wasbroadenedtoincludeeveryone,andbecameanoccasionforrememberingotherswithakindactorasmallremembrance.Andsoontheideaspreadtoothercitiesalloverthecountry.”隨著時(shí)間的推移，向弱勢(shì)群體傳播歡樂(lè)的最甜蜜的一天的想法被擴(kuò)大到包括所有人，并成為用善意的行為或小小的紀(jì)念來(lái)紀(jì)念他人的一個(gè)場(chǎng)合。很快這個(gè)想法就傳遍了全國(guó)其他城市。由此可以推斷出，是克利夫蘭的人民把最甜蜜日傳播到其他城市。故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

Anameismorethanjustaword.Itcarriestheweightofaperson'swholeidentity.Anamecanrepresentaperson'sethnicity(種族身份)andculture,orshowrespectfortheirancestralroots.Aself-givennamemayrepresentaperson'sbeliefsorchosenidentity.

Everyonehastherighttohavetheirnamepronouncedcorrectly.Itisasignofrespectforaperson'sindividuality."Aperson'snameistohimorherthesweetestandmostimportantsoundinanylanguage,"DaleCarnegiewritesinhisbookHowtoWinFriendsandInfluencePeople.Behindeachnameisastory,andwhenanameisanglicized(英語(yǔ)化),mispronounced,orignored,thatstoryisdismissed.

Anamemispronouncedforalongtimecannegativelyimpactaperson'sattitudetowardtheirownidentity.Itcancreatefeelingsofshameorembarrassmentbecausetheyaremadetofeellikeaburden.Inthelongterm,thismightcausesomeonetodistancethemselvesfromtheirroots.Theymaybeginshyingawayfromtheirnativelanguage,culture,andfamilyforthesakeoffittingin.

Inordertoavoidthis,manyinternationalstudentslivingintheU.S.chooseEnglishnames.Peopleshouldn'thavetoignoretheiridentitiesforthesakeofsomeoneelse'sconvenience.

Everyonemakesmistakes,andnoteveryonecangetanamerightonthefirsttry.Mispronouncinganamerepeatedly,however,showsalackofeffort.Itisnotokaytobecomfortablewithmispronouncingnames,andbeingunfamiliarwithalanguageisnoexcuse.

Ifyou'reunsurewhetheryou'repronouncinganamecorrectly,justask.Thinkofitasawaytoexpandandstrengthenunderstanding,bothpersonallyandculturally.Whenmeetingsomeoneforthefirsttime,makesurethatyouheardthenamecorrectly.Itdoesn'ttakealottosimplyrepeatthenameback.Spellitout.Writeitdown.Dowhateveryouhavetodotogetthenameright.Makingtheefforttocorrectlypronouncesomeone'snameisanessentialpartofculturalcompetency(文化素養(yǎng)).Withoutthis,wecannotexpecttoshowrespectandtoleranceforourdiversecommunity.（1）Whatmayaperson'snametellus?A.

Hisculturalbackground.

B.

Hisphysicalappearance.C.

Hisfavoritesound.

D.

Hisattitudetolife.（2）What'sthelong-terminfluenceofmispronouncingonesname?A.

Thefeelingofshamemaybecaused.

B.

Thepersonmayfeelover-burdened.C.

Thecharacterofthepersonmaychange.

D.

Thepersonmaytrytohidehisroots.（3）Whatdoesthewriterthinkofmispronouncinganamerepeatedly?A.

Itisunavoidable.

B.

Itisunacceptable.C.

Itstrengthensfriendship.

D.

Itshowsdiscrimination.（4）What'sthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.

Howtoshowourrespectforothers.

B.

Howtoavoidmispronouncingnames.C.

Howtoimproveourpronunciation.

D.

Howtoliveharmoniouslyinacommunity.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）B（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了人的名字所代表的含義。一個(gè)名字不僅僅是一個(gè)單詞。它承載著一個(gè)人整個(gè)身份的重量。名字可以代表一個(gè)人的種族和文化，也可以表示對(duì)祖先的尊重。一個(gè)自取的名字可能代表一個(gè)人的信仰或選擇的身份。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Anamecanrepresentaperson'sethnicity(種族身份)andculture,orshowrespectfortheirancestralroots.”名字可以代表一個(gè)人的種族和文化，也可以表示對(duì)祖先的尊重。可知，一個(gè)人的名字可以告訴他的文化背景。故選A。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Inthelongterm,thismightcausesomeonetodistancethemselvesfromtheirroots.”從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看，這可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致一些人遠(yuǎn)離自己的根?？芍x錯(cuò)名字的長(zhǎng)期影響是這個(gè)人可能會(huì)試圖隱藏他的根源。故選D。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段中的“Mispronouncinganamerepeatedly,however,showsalackofeffort.Itisnotokaytobecomfortablewithmispronouncingnames,andbeingunfamiliarwithalanguageisnoexcuse.”然而，反復(fù)念錯(cuò)一個(gè)名字，表明你缺乏努力。對(duì)名字念錯(cuò)感到不舒服是不好的，不熟悉一門語(yǔ)言也不是借口?？芍?，作者對(duì)一個(gè)名字反復(fù)發(fā)錯(cuò)音這是不可接受的。故選B。（4）考查段落大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“Ifyou'reunsurewhetheryou'repronouncinganamecorrectly,justask.Thinkofitasawaytoexpandandstrengthenunderstanding,bothpersonallyandculturally.“如果你不確定你的名字發(fā)音是否正確，直接問(wèn)。把它看作是擴(kuò)展和加強(qiáng)理解的一種方式，無(wú)論是個(gè)人的還是文化的?！笨芍詈笠欢沃v述的是“如何避免名字發(fā)音錯(cuò)誤?！惫蔬xB?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和段落大意大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解

Thereismoreofaconnectionbetweenfoodandculturethanyoumaythink.Onanindividuallevel,wegrowupeatingthefoodofourculture.Itbecomesapartofwhoweare.Manyassociatefoodfromourchildhoodwithwarmfeelingsandgoodmemoriesandittiesustoourfamilies,holdingaspecialandpersonalvalueforus.Foodfromourfamilyoftenbecomesthecomfortfoodweseekasadultsintimesoffrustrationandstress.

Onalargescale,traditionalfoodisanimportantpartofculture.Italsooperatesasanexpressionofcultureidentity.Immigrantsbringitwherevertheygo,anditisasymbolofpridefortheircultureandmeansofcopingwithhomesickness.

Manyimmigrantsopentheirownrestaurantsandservetraditionaldishes.However,thefooddoesnotremainexactlythesame.Somematerialsneededtomaketraditionaldishesmaynotbereadilyavailable,sothetasteandflavorcanbedifferentfromwhattheywouldprepareintheirhomecountries.Additionally,immigrantsdonotonlyselldishestopeoplefromthesamecountriesasthem,buttopeoplefromdifferentcountries.Therefore,theyhavetomakesmallchangesabouttheoriginaldishestocatertoawiderrangeofcustomers.Thosechangescancreatenewflavorsthatstillkeeptheculturalsignificanceofthedishes.

Weshouldembraceourheritage（傳統(tǒng)）throughourculture'sfoodbutalsobecomemoreinformedaboutotherculturesbytryingtheirfood.Itisimportanttorememberthateachdishhasaspecialplaceintheculturetowhichitbelongs,andisspecialtothosewhoprepareit.Foodisawi