（英語(yǔ)）高三英語(yǔ)閱讀理解及其解題技巧及練習(xí)題(含答案)及解析一、高中英語(yǔ)閱讀理解1．閱讀理解

ThenumberofgiraffesisbecomingsmalleracrossAfrica,accordingtotheGiraffeConservationFoundation.Thetotalpopulationhasdroppedby40percentinthelast15years.Surprisingly,evenscientistshaven'tgivenmuchattentiontogiraffes.Wearelearningmoreabouttheirecology,butwhatweknowisstillwaybehindwhatweknowaboutotherspecies."It'sasilentextinction,"saidDr.JulianHennessy,awildlifescientist.

"Themainreasonforthesmallernumberofgiraffesistheirlossoflivingplaces,"saidHennessy,"asanincreasingpartoflandisusedforfarming.Buthuntingalsohasabiginfluence."Youmightwonderwhyhunterswouldfocusongiraffes.Firstofall,onceagiraffeisbroughtdown,thereislotsofmeatwithasmallamountofeffort.Besides,thereisanotherthingencouragingthehunting.InTanzania,Hennessysays,thelatestwordonthestreetisthateatinggiraffemeatcouldcureAIDS.Freshgiraffeheadsandbonescanbesoldatpricesofupto$140perpiece.

Anotherwidespreadmisconceptionaboutgiraffesisthattheyareeverywhere.Lookatkids'bookswhicharefullofgiraffes.Theyarealwaysinzoocollections.Theycanbeseeneasily,soyoudon'tthinkwehavetoworryaboutthem.Butthetruthisthattheyareindangerofextinction.Thereisalackofrightandtruedata.

Hennessyandotherresearchersarenowpullingtogetherthedataneededtoimprovethesituationoftheentiregiraffespeciesandallninesubspecies(亞種).Theinformationwillbeusedtochangethegiraffe'slistingontheInternationalUnionforConservationofNatureRedList,whichnowliststhespeciesasof"leastconcern"buttwosubspeciesas"endangered"."It'salotofworktogatherthenecessaryinformation,"Hennessysays."Andseveralothergiraffesubspecieswillberecommendedforendangeredlistingsnextyearortheyearafter."Hehopesthattheworldwillfinallystarttotakenoticeofhowendangeredthesebelovedanimalshavebecome.（1）Bysaying"It'sasilentextinction",Hennessytellsusthat______.A.

giraffesareunpopularinAfrica

B.

thegiraffeisalwayssilentindailylifeC.

theecologyofAfricaneedsmoreattention

D.

theextinctionoccurswithoutenoughattention（2）WhathascausedthehighpriceofgiraffemeatinTanzania?A.

Thecountry'scustom.

B.

Theillegalinternationaltrade.C.

Thecostofhuntingagiraffe.

D.

Theideathatit'sacureforAIDS.（3）ThemisconceptioninPara.3canbecorrectedby______.A.

preventingillegalhuntinginAfrica

B.

rewritingkids'booksaboutgiraffesC.

providingreliabledataaboutgiraffes

D.

spreadingscientificknowledgeofAIDS（4）ThefinalpurposeofHennessy'sgreateffortisto______.A.

collectmoreinformationaboutgiraffes

B.

raisepublicawarenessofprotectinggiraffesC.

provegiraffeswilldisappearinthenextfewyears

D.

workwiththeInternationalUnionforConservationofNature【答案】（1）D（2）D（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了長(zhǎng)頸鹿瀕臨滅絕的原因，并指出提供準(zhǔn)確的數(shù)據(jù)，提高人們的保護(hù)意識(shí)至關(guān)重要。（1）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第一段中的“Surprisingly,evenscientistshaven'tgivenmuchattentiontogiraffes.Wearelearningmoreabouttheirecology,butwhatweknowisstillwaybehindwhatweknowaboutotherspecies.”可知人們對(duì)其關(guān)注很少，了解很少，這時(shí)期滅絕的原因，所以silentextinction意為在人們不知不覺(jué)中滅絕。故選D。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“InTanzania,Hennessysays,thelatestwordonthestreetisthateatinggiraffemeatcouldcureAIDS.Freshgiraffeheadsandbonescanbesoldatpricesofupto$140perpiece.”可知人們認(rèn)為長(zhǎng)頸鹿肉能治愈艾滋病，因此其肉價(jià)很貴，故選D。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thereisalackofrightandtruedata.”可知造成人們誤解的原因是，缺乏正確真實(shí)的數(shù)據(jù)，再根據(jù)第四段中的“Hennessyandotherresearchersarenowpullingtogetherthedataneededtoimprovethesituationoftheentiregiraffespeciesandallninesubspecies(亞種).”可知要想根正人們的認(rèn)知，需要提供準(zhǔn)確可靠的數(shù)據(jù)，故選C。（4）考查寫(xiě)作意圖。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Hehopesthattheworldwillfinallystarttotakenoticeofhowendangeredthesebelovedanimalshavebecome.”可知Hennessy的努力的目的是提高公眾保護(hù)長(zhǎng)頸鹿的意識(shí)。故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)，推理判斷和寫(xiě)作意圖四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇環(huán)保類(lèi)閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。2．閱讀理解

Asthedaysgetshorterandthechillyweatherrollsin,weallwanttocurlupinablanketandhibernateuntilspringrollsaround.Butmakingtimetogetoutsideinthesun,evenwhenit'scoldout,couldhavebiggermoodbenefitsthanyoumightrealize.

Whilethelinkbetweensunshineandmentalhealthisnothingnew,newresearchfromBrighamYoungUniversity(BYU)hasshownthattheassociationmaybeevenstrongerthanpreviouslyrealized.Itfindsthatsunlightexposureisbyfarthegreatestweather-relatedfactordeterminingmentalhealthoutcomes.Inotherwords:moresunshine,morehappiness.

Forthestudy,apsychologist,aphysicistandastatisticianfromBYUteameduptocomparedailyenvironmentaldatafromtheuniversity'sPhysicsandAstronomyWeatherStationwithemotionalhealthdataarchivedbydayfor16,452adulttherapypatientswhowerebeingtreatedattheBYUCounselingandPsychologicalServicesCenter.

Exposuretosunlightisasignificantfactorinseasonalaffectivedisorder.Researchhasshownthatthebrainproducesmoreofthefeel-goodneurotransmitterserotoninonsunnydaysthanitdoesondarkerdays.What'smore,lackofsunlightislinkedwithlowervitaminDlevels,whichinturnhasbeencorrelatedwithdepressionandlowenergy.

Ifyou'regettingenoughsun,youremotionsshouldremainrelativelystable,theresearchersfound.Butastheamountofsunlightinthedayisreduced,levelsofemotionalpaincansoar.Otherweathervariablesincludingtemperature,pollutionandrainwerenotfoundtohaveanimpactonmentalhealth.

"Weweresurprisedthatmanyoftheweatherandpollutionvariablesweincludedinthestudywerenotsignificantlycorrelatedwithclients'scoresonthedistressmeasureoncewehadaccountedforsuntime,"Dr.MarkBeecher,aprofessorofpsychologyattheuniversityandthestudy'sleadauthor,toldTheHuffingtonPost."Peopletendtoassociaterainydays,pollution,andothermeteorologicalphenomenawithsadnessordepression,butwedidnotfindthat."（1）WhatdoestheauthorsuggestwedoinParagraph1?A.Realizedthebenefitsofsunshine.B.Avoidhibernatinginspringtime.C.Curlupinablanketincoldweather.D.Enjoysunshineevenincoldweather.（2）Theunderlinedword"soar"inParagraph5mostprobablymeans"

"?A.Risesharply.B.Varyunstably.C.Dropslightly.D.Changegreatly.（3）WhatdoesthepassagesayabouttheresearchdonebyBYU?A.Itisdoneonnormaladultsofvariousages.B.ItiscarriedoutbyDrMarkBeecheralone.C.Itconcludesthesunshinemeanshappiness.D.Itfindsthattemperatureaffectsmentalhealth.（4）Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.LowervitaminDlevelsarehelpfulinkeepingusenergeticB.Theresearchfindingsareinconsistentwiththepopularbelief.C.Themoresunshineweget,thelessexcitedwearelikelytofeel.D.Thelinkbetweensunshineandmentalhealthwasunknownbefore.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，研究表明：陽(yáng)光照射是影響心理健康結(jié)果的最重要的天氣因素。換句話(huà)說(shuō)：陽(yáng)光越多，幸福越多。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Butmakingtimetogetoutsideinthesun,evenwhenit'scoldout,couldhavebiggermoodbenefitsthanyoumightrealize”花時(shí)間曬太陽(yáng)，甚至當(dāng)外面很冷的時(shí)候也要這樣做，這可能對(duì)你的情緒有很大好處?？芍?，作者建議我們曬太陽(yáng)，哪怕天氣很冷。故選D。（2）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第五段中的“Ifyou'regettingenoughsun,youremotionsshouldremainrelativelystable,theresearchersfound.Butastheamountofsunlightinthedayisreduced,levelsofemotionalpaincansoar.”如果你獲得足夠的陽(yáng)光，你的情緒應(yīng)該會(huì)保持相對(duì)地穩(wěn)定?？梢酝浦?，當(dāng)光照量減少的時(shí)候，人們的情緒就不會(huì)那么穩(wěn)定，痛苦情緒就會(huì)增加。故選A。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Itfindsthatsunlightexposureisbyfarthegreatestweather-relatedfactordeterminingmentalhealthoutcomes.Inotherwords:moresunshine,morehappiness.”研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，陽(yáng)光照射是影響心理健康結(jié)果最重要的天氣因素。換句話(huà)說(shuō)：陽(yáng)光越多，越快樂(lè)。故選C。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Peopletendtoassociaterainydays,pollution,andothermeteorologicalphenomenawithsadnessordepression,butwedidnotfindthat”人們傾向于將雨天、污染和其他氣象現(xiàn)象與悲傷或抑郁聯(lián)系起來(lái)，但我們的研究沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)這一點(diǎn)?？芍?，BYU的研究結(jié)果和大眾的看法不一致。故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和推理判斷三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類(lèi)閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。3．閱讀理解

Notre-Dame,thecathedral(大教堂)thatservesasoneofParis'smostbelovedmonuments,isonfire.AccordingtoTheNewYorkTimes,thefirebeganaround6:30p.m.localtime,whentouristsurgentlyrushedoutofthebuilding.WhileAndreFinot,aspokesmanforthecathedral,toldTheTimes,thatthecauseofthefireisstillunknownandthatnoonehasbeenhurtwhiledamagetothebuildingappearscatastrophic（災(zāi)難性的）.

CNNreportsthatover400firefightershavebeensenttofightthefire,butthattheymaybeunabletosavethecathedral.Builtinthe12thcentury,Notre-DamehousesseveralrelicsimportanttoCatholics(天主教徒).NBCNewsreportsthatrelicsfromSaintGenevieveandSaintDenismaybeenlost,togetherwitharelicbelievedtobefromJesusChrist'scrownofthorns,butitstatesthatauthoritiesnowbelievethatthecathedralhasbeensavedfrom“totaldestruction”.

Notre-Dameisvisitedbyareported30,000peopleadayand13millionpeopleperyear.Itsdestructionrepresentsaglobalculturalloss."Thisisjusthorrible",MohamedMegdoul,33,afilmproducerandwitnesstothefiretoldTheTimes,speakingthroughtears."Athousandyearsofhistoryisbeingwipedaway.Thisbelongedtothewholeworld,andnowit'sdisappearing."

FrenchPresidentEmmanuelMacronexpressedhissadnessonTwitter."Notre-DameofParisinflames,"readsanEnglishtranslationofhisstatement."Emotionforawholenation.ThoughtsforallCatholicsandforalltheFrench.Likeallourcountrymen,I'msadtogethertoseethispartofusburn."Otherpoliticians,includingMelanisTrump,LondonMayorSadiqKhan,U.K.PrimeMinisterTheresaMayalsosharedtheirsadnessonTwitter.（1）WhatdoweknowaboutNotre-Dameaccordingtothepassage?A.Ithasbeencompletelydestroyedbythefire.B.It'sahugepoliticallosstotheworld.C.It'sonlymeaningfultoCatholics.D.Thereasonofthefireremainedtobefoundout.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthethirdparagraphimply?A.ThehistoryofFranceisdestroyedbecauseofthefire.B.Thelossthefirecausedishuge.C.ThedamageofNotre-Dameisbeingwipedoff.D.Thecathedralhasbeensavedfrom"totaldestruction".（3）What'sthepurposeofwritingthepassage?A.ToreportadisasterofNotre-Dame.B.Toexpresspeople'ssadnessofthedestruction.C.ToemphasizethevalueofNotre-Dame.D.Toshowtheconcernsfromtheworldwide.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，報(bào)道了舉世聞名的法國(guó)巴黎圣母院發(fā)生火災(zāi)的相關(guān)信息。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“WhileAndreFinot,aspokesmanforthecathedral,toldTheTimes,thatthecauseofthefireisstillunknownandthatnoonehasbeenhurtwhiledamagetothebuildingappearscatastrophic（災(zāi)難性的）”這起火災(zāi)的原因還不得而知,對(duì)建筑的破壞是災(zāi)難性的，并沒(méi)有說(shuō)建筑被完全破壞了。故選D。（2）考查句義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第三段中的“Itsdestructionrepresentsaglobalculturalloss‘Athousandyearsofhistoryisbeingwipedaway.’”可知,它的毀滅代表了全球文化的損失。MohamedMegdoul說(shuō)道：這很糟糕，一千年的歷史就這樣被破壞殆盡。wipeaway“擦掉，破壞殆盡”。由此判斷出這就話(huà)顯示了火災(zāi)造成的損失是巨大的。故選B。（3）考查寫(xiě)作意圖?？v觀全文可知，本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，文章報(bào)道了舉世聞名的法國(guó)巴黎圣母院發(fā)生火災(zāi)的相關(guān)信息。因此本文的目的在于報(bào)導(dǎo)巴黎圣母院遭遇的巨大災(zāi)難。故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和寫(xiě)作意圖三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇新聞報(bào)道，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解

LIANGTAOsold80pinkGivenchybagsin12minutes.BeckyFangsold100MiniCoopercarsinjustfive.Botharewanghong,literally“red-hotontheweb”.EverydaymillionsofChinesesearchsocialmediaforwanghongpostsortuneintolive-streamsforwanghong'sopinionsoneverything.ThefansarehelpingthisnewChineseInternetstartomakemoneyoutoftheirpopularity—andtoshakeupthecountry'se-commerceindustryintheprocess.

Afewofwanghonghavebeenhiredbyluxurybrands.Jaeger-LeCoultre,aSwisswatchmaker,hiredPapiJiangforavideoadtargetingyoungurbanites(都市人),includingher27mfansonSinaWeibo,aTwitter-likemicroblog.ZhangYiofiiMediaResearch,aconsultingfirm,estimatesthatupto15%ofsalesonshoppingsiteslikeTaobaoorsocial-mediaappssuchasWeChatareinfluencedbywanghong'spublicsupport.Thelengthofadressmightbedecidedbyasurveyofawanghong'sfans;itslaunchdatemightbebasedonthenumberofhits,sharesorcommentsitcollects,someofwhichcancauselast-minutedesignchanges.

Thisposesanewchallengeforretailers(零售商),whosesupplychainsmustrespondevermorequicklytowanghong'sopinions.Whereaspreviouslyacompanywouldlookforacelebritytomatchitsimage,wanghongandtheiradmirersareshapinggoods.

Anotherchallengecomesdirectlyfromwanghongthemselves.Theyincreasinglymakemoneynotmerelyfromonlinesupportoradvicebutbylaunchingtheirowne-commercestores.Salesofgoodsaccountedforjustunderhalfofwanghongearningsof53bnyuan($8bn)in2016,estimatesAnalysys,aChinesemarket-researchfirm(therestcamemostlyfromlive-showtipsandadverts).

Somewanghongaregoingastepfurther.InNovemberBeckyFanglaunchedherownclothingline.Partofhermotivation,shesays,wasthatthebrandsshesupporteddidnotalwaysmatchthetrendsshewassharingwithherfollowers.Bycreatingherownbrand,Becky'sFantasy,shehavefullcontrolofthequality.Shealsogainsanewincome.Forthetimebeingonly3-5%ofwanghongfollowBeckyFang'sexample,iiMediaResearchestimates.Butitexpectsthemodeltobecomeanindustryinitsownright,includingentertainmentande-commerce,anddrivenbyonlinedata.（1）Whycanwanghongusetheirpopularitytomakemoney?A.

BecausetheyareInternetstars.

B.

Becausetheyusesocialmedia.C.

Becausetheiropinionsinfluencefans.

D.

Becausetheycanshakethee-commerceindustry.（2）Whatisthecharacteristicoftheproductssupportedbywanghong?A.

Itisfans-based.

B.

Itissocial-media-based.C.

Itisdesign-shared.

D.

Itisyouth-targeted.（3）Whatarethechallengesforretailers?A.

Onlinesupportandadvice.

B.

Increasingsalesofgoodsonline.C.

Quickresponsestothemarketchanges.

D.

Wanghong'sopinionsande-commercestores.（4）Whydosomewanghongcreatetheirownbrands?A.

Becausetheywanttoattractmorefans.

B.

Becausetheywanttosharewiththeirfollowers.C.

Becausetheywanttosetupanewindustrymodel.

D.

Becausethebrandstheyspeakforcan'tsatisfytheirfans.【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）D（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，介紹了網(wǎng)紅正在利用自身的人氣幫助一些品牌銷(xiāo)售，在這個(gè)過(guò)程中撼動(dòng)中國(guó)的電子商務(wù)行業(yè)。(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Botharewanghong,literally‘red-hotontheweb’.EverydaymillionsofChinesesearchsocialmediaforwanghongpostsortuneintolive-streamsforwanghong'sopinionsoneverything.ThefansarehelpingthisnewChineseInternetstartomakemoneyoutoftheirpopularity”可知，網(wǎng)紅會(huì)利用自己的人氣賺錢(qián)，那是因?yàn)樗麄兊挠^點(diǎn)影響著粉絲。故選C。(2)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thelengthofadressmightbedecidedbyasurveyofawanghong'sfans;itslaunchdatemightbebasedonthenumberofhits,sharesorcommentsitcollects,someofwhichcancauselast-minutedesignchanges.”可知，網(wǎng)紅所支持的產(chǎn)品的特點(diǎn)是以粉絲為基礎(chǔ)的。故選A。(3)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thisposesanewchallengeforretailers(零售商),whosesupplychainsmustrespondevermorequicklytowanghong'sopinions.”和第四段中的“Anotherchallengecomesdirectlyfromwanghongthemselves.Theyincreasinglymakemoneynotmerelyfromonlinesupportoradvicebutbylaunchingtheirowne-commercestores.”可知，網(wǎng)紅的觀點(diǎn)和他們開(kāi)設(shè)的網(wǎng)上商店是對(duì)零售商的挑戰(zhàn)。故選D。(4)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Partofhermotivation,shesays,wasthatthebrandsshesupporteddidnotalwaysmatchthetrendsshewassharingwithherfollowers.Bycreatingherownbrand,Becky'sFantasy,shehavefullcontrolofthequality.”可知，網(wǎng)紅之所以創(chuàng)造他們自己的品牌是因?yàn)樗麄兇缘钠放撇荒軡M(mǎn)足他們的粉絲。故選D。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇新聞報(bào)道，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的同時(shí)，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解

Thenextgenerationofartificialintelligence(AI)maybesittingrightbeneathyou,atleastiffurnituremakerIkeahasanysayinthematter.TheSwedishfurniturecompany's“future-living”researchlabinCopenhagenisconductingasurveytounderstandwhatpeoplewantwhenitcomestosmartfurniture.

AIisnowwalkingintomoreaspectsofpeople'sdailylives.Self-drivingcarsarejustaroundthecorner,andAIrobotscanplayandbeatthebestplayersofstrategygames.Assmarthometechnologieshavebecomemoreubiquitous,productsrangingfromsmartelectricaloutlets（插座）tosmartsmokealarmsarefloodingthemarket.Therefore,it'snotsurprisingthatIkeawouldbemovinginthesamedirection.

Exactlywhypeoplewouldwanttheirsofaorbedframetospeaktothen,tracktheirdailymovementsorofferhelpisnotyetclear.ThoughIkea'sthenewsurveydoesn'tdirectlyanswerthatquestion,itdoesprovideahintofwhatpeoplewouldfeelcomfortablewith.Mostparticipantswantedamorehuman0likeformofvirtual（虛擬的）assistants,asopposedtoonethatismorerobotic.Intermsoftheidealgender（性別）oftheassistants,themostpopularchoicewasneithermalenorfemale.FewwantedareligiousformofAI.

Justaswithhumanfriends,mostwantedAIfriendsthatwerelikethem,affirmingtheirownworldview.TheywantedanAIassistantthatwasreasonablyintelligent-thatcouldcollectdatatopredictwhatapersonwantedbeforeheorsheasked,andthatcouldpreventsomeonefrommakingmistakes.

ThisisnotthefirsttimethatIkeahassetfootinthefieldorfuturistictechnologies.Inadditiontowirelesschargingtablesandchainlessbikesthatneverrust（生銹）,thefurnituregianthasalsopicturedsmartkitchensthatcancookthebestmeal.Todecideonhowintelligentyouwantyournextsofaorbookshelftobe,youcantakeIkea'ssurveyonline.（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"ubiquitous"inParagraph2mean?A.

Beautiful.

B.

Common.

C.

Normal.

D.

Environment.（2）WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.

Thedifferencesbetweenrobot-likeandhuman-likeassistants.

B.

WhatformofAIassistantspeoplewant.C.

Whatkindoffriendspeoplewant.

D.

Thepopularrobotsonthemarket.（3）MostpeoplewhoreceivedthesurveywantedanAIassistantthatcould________.A.

helpthembecamesmarter

B.

communicatewiththemwithouttroublesC.

haveitsownworldview

D.

dealwiththeirproblemsinadvance（4）WhichofthefollowingproductsarefromIkea?A.

Smartsofasthatcanspeaktoyou.

B.

Smartbedsthancantrackyourdailymovements.C.

Wirelesschargingcars.

D.

Rustlessbikeswithoutchains.【答案】（1）B（2）B（3）D（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了瑞典的一家家具公司做了一項(xiàng)研究，調(diào)查人們想要什么樣的智能家居。（1）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第二段中的“AIisnowwalkingintomoreaspectsofpeople'sdailylives.”可猜測(cè)出Assmarthometechnologieshavebecomemoreubiquitous,這句話(huà)的意思是智能家居技術(shù)變得越來(lái)越普遍，故選B。（2）考查段落大意。根據(jù)第三段中的“Mostparticipantswantedamorehuman0likeformofvirtual（虛擬的）assistants,asopposedtoonethatismorerobotic.Intermsoftheidealgender（性別）oftheassistants,themostpopularchoicewasneithermalenorfemale.FewwantedareligiousformofAI.”可知第三段主要講了人們想要什么樣的人工智能助手，故選B。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“TheywantedanAIassistantthatwasreasonablyintelligent-thatcouldcollectdatatopredictwhatapersonwantedbeforeheorsheasked,andthatcouldpreventsomeonefrommakingmistakes.”可知收到調(diào)查的大多數(shù)人都想要一款可以提前解決問(wèn)題的人工智能助手，故選D。（4）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Inadditiontowirelesschargingtablesandchainlessbikesthatneverrust（生銹）,thefurnituregianthasalsopicturedsmartkitchensthatcancookthebestmeal.”可知沒(méi)有鏈條的不生銹自行車(chē)是來(lái)自于Ikea的產(chǎn)品，故案選D。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)，推理判斷和段落大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇社會(huì)類(lèi)閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。6．閱讀理解

Eighty-five-yearoldChinesepharmacologist(藥理學(xué)家)TuYouyoubecameChina'sfirstwinneroftheNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinewhenitwasannouncedthatshewasoneofthreescientistsawardedthe2015NobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinefortheirworkindevelopingeffectivedrugsagainstparasticdiseases.

Tuwashonoredfordevelopingartemisin（青蒿素）,adrugformalariathathassavedmillionsoflivesacrosstheglobe,especiallyinthedevelopingworld,theNobelAssemblyatkarolinskaInstituedisclosedonitswebsiteonMonday.Tu,aChinesetrainedpharmacologistandaresearcherattheChinaAcademyofChineseMedicalSciencesinBeijing,wenttoStockholm,SwedeninDecembertoreceiveheraward,accordingtoCaoHongxin,thescienceandtechnologydepartmentheadoftheStateAdministrationofTraditionalChineseMedicine.

"Shewascalmandsaidshehasreceivedlotsofcongratulatorycalls."CaotoldChinaDailyonMondayafterhetelephonedTutocongratulateher."It'sanoverdue（遲來(lái)的）honorforTuandtheworld'srecognitionoftraditionalChinesemedicine,"hesaid.

"Tu'sbreakthroughinwinningtheNobelPrizeinanaturalscienceistheprideofthewholenationandthewholeChinesescientificcommunity,"saidZhouDejin,spokesmanoftheChineseAcademyofScience,China'snationalresearchbodythatconsistsofmorethanonehundredresearchinsistutes,universitiesandresearchbranches,

"Theachievementofdiscoveringartemisininwasmadeinthe1970s,butitonlyreceivedinternationalrecognitioninlateryears,whichsuggeststhatwemighthavemoreachievementsthathavereachedtheNobelPrizelevelbuthavenotbeenrecognized."Zhousaid.（1）WhywasTuYouyouawardedtheNobelPrize?A.

ShemadeabreakthroughintheChinesescientificcommunity

B.

ShecameupwitharevolutionarytheoryaboutmedicineC.

Shedevotedherwholelifetomedicineresearch

D.

Shedevelopedaveryeffectivedruginthe1970s（2）WhatdoweknowaboutTuYouyou?A.

ShesecretlyacceptedtheNobelPrizebyherself

B.

She'sthesecondChinesetowinthe2015NobelPrizeC.

ShehasanordinaryheartthoughwinningtheNobelPrize

D.

Shewonthe2015NobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinewiththreescientists（3）Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.

ChinalackstalentedscientistslikeTuYouyou.

B.

Tu'sachievementwasrecognizedbytheworldalongtimeago.C.

ChinesescientistsshouldworkhardertowinmoreNobelPrizes.

D.

MoreChinesescientificachievementsshouldbeacknowledged.（4）Whattypeofwritingdoesthispassagebelongto?A.

Ascientificreport

B.

AnofficialdocumentC.

Anewsreport

D.

Amedicalrecord【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇人物傳記，講述了諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)得主屠呦呦，她致力于中醫(yī)藥研究，開(kāi)發(fā)出了很多有效的藥物。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Tuwashonoredfordevelopingartemisin（青蒿素）,adrugformalariathathassavedmillionsoflivesacrosstheglobe,especiallyinthedevelopingworld”可知，屠呦呦獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)是因?yàn)樗?0世紀(jì)70年代發(fā)明了一種非常有效的藥物。故選D。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的"Shewascalmandsaidshehasreceivedlotsofcongratulatorycalls."可知，盡管獲得了諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)，她還是有一顆普通的心。故選C。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的"‘Theachievementofdiscoveringartemisininwasmadeinthe1970s,butitonlyreceivedinternationalrecognition

inlateryears,whichsuggeststhatwemighthavemoreachievementsthathavereachedtheNobelPrizelevelbuthavenotbeenrecognized.’Zhousaid.”可知，建議更多的中國(guó)科學(xué)成就應(yīng)該得到承認(rèn)。故選D。（4）考查推理判斷?？v觀全文，根據(jù)第四段中的"Tu'sbreakthroughinwinningtheNobelPrizeinanaturalscienceistheprideofthewholenationandthewholeChinesescientificcommunity,"可知，這是一項(xiàng)醫(yī)學(xué)紀(jì)錄。故選C。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇人物類(lèi)閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解

Istoodinanoisygroupofsixthgradestudents,waitingfortheanswertoourburningquestion:WhattypeofcrazytiewouldMr.Millerbewearingtoday?

OurteacherwalkedaroundthecomerwithaGREENELEPHANTTIEthatmatchedhislargeelephantcoffeecup!Oh,thesatisfactioninouryounghearts—agreenelephanttie!

Withhisglassesatthetipofhisnose,hegreeteduscheerfully,“Goodmorning,folks!”Hewasstrangeanduniqueandhebrightenedeverydayforus.HewasthemostdynamicteacherIhadevermet.

Ilovedmusic,soIrememberhowexcitedIwaswhenhesaidhewasgoingtogiveusmusiclessons.Butwhenheturnedonthemusic,myclassmatesandIslowlyturnedourheadstowardthesoundof…FeterPaulandMarysinging“IfIHadaHammer”.

Snickers（竊笑）filledtheroom.Ifitwasn'traporhiphop,wedidn'trecognizeit.Whatwerethesepeoplesingingabout?Myclassmateswerenotintothisatall.Butforme,agirlof12,itwasadiscovery.Anawakening.

Twentyyearspassedandnowtherearefortylittleeyesstaringatmywildmusical-noteshirtsasIgreetthemwithajoyful,“Goodmorning,class!”IwonderifmystudentswaitandwonderwhatcrazymusicclothesIwillweareachday.

Iglanceatmy2015TeacheroftheYearAward,whichIreceivedforbeingadynamicteacherAndIsmiletomyself,wonderingwhichchildinfrontofmewillcarrythison－asI'vecarriedonthelegacy（遺產(chǎn)）ofMr.Miller.

Oneteacher,whodaredtobedifferentandopennewworldstokidslikeme,threwthesignificantstoneintothepondofmylife.Ipraytheripples（漣漪）neverend.（1）WhatcanweinferaboutMr.Miller?A.

Hewasananimalprotector.

B.

Hedidn'ttakehisworkseriously.C.

Heoftendressedupinanunusualway.

D.

Heoftenaskedhisstudentsburningquestions.（2）Howdidtheauthorreacttothesong“IfIHadaHammer”?A.

Puzzled.

B.

Disappointed.

C.

Uninterested.

D.

Excited.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inthetextreferto?A.

Akindheart.

B.

Thesmile.

C.

Agiftformusic.

D.

Theloveforteaching.（4）Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthistext?A.

Toproveherloveformusic.

B.

Toshowateacher'seffectonher.C.

Tocallonstudentstotakeupteaching.

D.

Toshareherexperienceinmusiclearning.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）D（4）B【解析】【分析】文章通過(guò)自己的經(jīng)歷講述了老師對(duì)自己的影響。（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段可知作者的老師系了個(gè)綠色的大象領(lǐng)結(jié)來(lái)搭配他的大象咖啡杯，再根據(jù)第三段Hewasstrangeanduniqueandhebrightenedeverydayforus.HewasthemostdynamicteacherIhadevermet.可以推斷出他經(jīng)常打扮地與眾不同。故答案為C。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段Ilovedmusic,soIrememberhowexcitedIwaswhenhesai