【英語】高二英語閱讀理解(社會(huì)文化)技巧閱讀訓(xùn)練策略及練習(xí)題(含答案)一、高中英語閱讀理解社會(huì)文化類1．閱讀理解

TheUnitedStatesishometo562recognizedAmericanIndianNationseachwithitsownlanguage.

Yetthenumberofnative.Americanswiththeabilitytospeaktheirtribe'slanguagehasdecreasedoverthepastcentury.

Now,IndianNationsaretryingdifferentwaystoexpandthenumberofnativespeakers,andincreaseinterestintheircommunitiestolearntriballanguages.

Sincethelate1800smanyAmericanIndianchildrenhaveattendedboardingschools.Atthattime,Indianchildrenwererequiredtoattendschoolsbylaw,andthegovernmentforcedIndianfamiliestosendtheirchildrentosuchschools.

Thechildrenwereseparatedfromtheirfamilies.andgivenEnglishnameTheteachersoftentaughtnativeAmericanstudentsinEnglish,insteadofthelanguageoftheirparents.TheyweretoldtheyneededtolearnEnglishinordertogetajob,earnmoneyandbuyahouseornicethings.

However,fearingalossofhistoryandculture,theIndianNationsareexperimentingwithnewwaystoincreasethelanguageabilityoftribalmembers.

Atleastoneorganizationisturningtomoderntechnology---TheSealaskaHeritageInstitute,anonprofitgroup,hasdevelopedtwoappsforspeakersoftheTlingitlanguage.

The"LearningTlingit"appservesasareferenceforimportantlanguagetopicssuchasconversationphrases,number,andletters.

TheTlingittribehasabout10,000members.TheylivemainlyinsoutheasternAlaska.Butasof2013,thetribehadonly125nativespeakersleft.inaddition,veryfewyoungpeopleareabletospeakTlingit.

Currentlytherearetwoapps,called"LearningTlingit"and"TlingitLanguageGames".The"LearningTlingit"appservesasalanguageguide.ItprovidesTlingitwordsandexpressions,thetribalalphabet,aswellasabasiclistofthewordsincluded.Withthe"TlingitLanguageGames"app,usersaregivenachoiceofdifferentplacesofenvironments,likeahouse,forestorocean.（1）WhatistheproblemthenativeAmericansarefacingnow?A.ThenumberofnativeAmericanshasbeenincreasing.B.FewerandfewernativeAmericansspeaktheirownlanguage.C.Theirnativelanguagehasbeenextinct.D.It'shardtoincreasetheinterestofhearingnativelanguages.（2）WhatwillbetheresultifmoreandmorenativeAmericansonlyspeakEnglish?A.Theywillgetbetterjobsandhigherpay.B.TheywillteachtheirownchildrentospeakEnglish.C.Theywilllosetheirhistoryandculture.D.Theywillgetalongwellwiththegovernment.（3）WhatcanweknowaboutTlingit?A.Itcanhelpthenativepeopleknowsomelanguagetopics.B.Itcanhelpthe:nativepeopleearnmoneyandbuya.houseornicethingsC.ItisaverypopularappamongthenativespeakersD.Itisanativelanguagespokenbyfewerthan200people.（4）Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.AmericanIndiantribes'effortstoincreasenativespeakers.B.ReasonsforthedisappearanceofsomeAmericanIndianlanguages.C.Waystohelpthenativetribesleadatraditionallife.D.Thepopularityofthelanguagelearningapps.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，美國的印第安人正在使用新的方法來增加本族語言的使用，否則，他們的本族語言將面臨嚴(yán)重的危機(jī)。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Yetthenumberofnative.Americanswiththeabilitytospeaktheirtribe'slanguagehasdecreasedoverthepastcentury.”但是能說他們本族語言的本地美國人的數(shù)量在過去的一個(gè)世紀(jì)中已將減少?？芍?，會(huì)說本族語的美國土著的人數(shù)在過去的一個(gè)多世紀(jì)中已經(jīng)減少了，故選B。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第六段中的“However,fearingalossofhistoryandculture,theIndianNationsareexperimentingwithnewwaystoincreasethelanguageabilityoftribalmembers.”然而，害怕失去自己的

歷史和文化，許多印第安部落嘗試新的方法來提升族人的本族語使用能力?？芍?，如果越來越多的族人只說英語，他們將會(huì)失去自己的歷史和文化。故選C。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第九段中的“TheTlingittribehasabout10,000members.TheylivemainlyinsoutheasternAlaska.Butasof2013,thetribehadonly125nativespeakersleft.”特林吉特部落有大約一萬人。他們主要居住在阿拉斯加?xùn)|南部。但是就2013年的統(tǒng)計(jì)，這個(gè)部落只有125人可以說自己民族的語言，可知，現(xiàn)在僅僅有不到兩百人可以說這種語言了，故選D。（4）考查主旨大意。本文前六段描述了美國印第安人在民族語言方面面臨的處境以及這一處境引起的擔(dān)憂，最后四段提出了針對(duì)這一問題的解決方案：美國的印第安人正在使用新的方法（app）來增加本族語使用人數(shù)。選項(xiàng)A中efforts能凸顯人們這一問題的擔(dān)心及在努力尋求解決方案方面所做的努力。故選A。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和主旨大意兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。2．閱讀理解

Shakespeare'sGlobeExhibition&TourisauniqueinternationalresourcetoexploreShakespeare'swork.Openallyearround,itgivesyouanopportunitytolearnmoreaboutthemostfamousplaywright(劇作家),Shakespeare,andhelpsyouseektofurthertheexperienceandinternationalunderstandingofhim.

GroupVisitstotheExhibition&Tour

OpeningHours

TheatreTours:

Monday-Sunday:

9:30a.m.-5:00p.m.

Exhibition:

Monday-Sunday:

9:00a.m.-5:00p.m.

Groupsof15peopleormorearerequiredtopre-booktheirvisit,andeachgroupwillhaveitsownguideforfree.Tomakeareservation,pleasefillinaGroupRequestFormandreturnittousviaemail.

ExhibitionandTourPrices

Adult:

$15.00

Senior(60+):

$13.50

Student(withvalidID):

$11.50

Child(5-15):

$8.00

Complimentary:

Every16thpersonfree

Gettinghere

Shakespeare'sGlobe21NewGlobeWalk,LondonSEl9DT,UK

Wehavecurrentlyimprovedsecurity,withallbagsbeingchecked.Pleasearriveingoodtime,anddonotbringanylargebagsandcheckthecalendarbeforeyourvisitorcall+44(0)2079021500tofindoutaboutourlatestopeningtimes.

Visitorsareadvisedtoarrivebypublictransportorbytaxi.ThereisacarparkonThamesExchangeonthenorthsideofSouthwarkBridge(open24hours,sevendaysaweek).CabsmaybefoundallyearroundonSouthwarkBridge.ItmayalsobepossibletopickoneupfromoutsidetheentrancehallonNewGlobeWalk.

Wheretoeat

SwanatShakespeare'sGlobeservesmodernBritishseasonalfoodfordinner,afternoonteaordrinksinourbeautifulbarandrestaurantsetovertwofloors,availableforpre-andpost-theatredining.

SwanRestaurant

Monday-Friday:

12noon-2:30p.m.&6:00p.m.-10:30p.m.

Saturday:

12noon-3:30p.m.&6:00p.m.

Sunday:

12noon-9:00p.m.（1）Whencanyoupayavisittotheexhibition?A.

Fridayat12:00p.m.

B.

Mondayat8:00a.m.C.

Saturdayat5:30p.m.

D.

Sundayat7:00p.m.（2）Ifagroupof20childrenvisittheExhibition&Tour,whatisrequiredforthemtodo?A.

Theyneedtohireaguidethemselves.B.

Theymustbeaccompaniedbyanadult.C.

Theyhavetopay$160forticketsintotal.D.

Theyneedtoemailforareservationinadvance.（3）Whichofthefollowingappliestovisitors?A.

They'reabletogetataxinearSouthwarkBridge.B.

TheycanparkonthesouthsideofSouthwarkBridge.C.

Theyarerequiredtodeposittheirbagsbeforeentering.D.

It'smoreconvenienttodrivetherethantakingpublictransport.（4）WhatcanweknowaboutSwanRestaurant?A.

AfternoonleaisnotservedonSunday.B.

Itservestraditionalseasonalfoodfordiner.C.

Itisclosedfrom3p.m.to5p.m.onworkdays.D.

Itservesthreemeals,drinksandafternoontea.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，向游客介紹了參觀莎士比亞環(huán)球展廳的相關(guān)服務(wù)信息。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)“Exhibition‘Monday-Sunday:9:00a.m.-5:00p.m.’”可知，展覽從周一到周日上午9點(diǎn)到下午5點(diǎn)營業(yè)。所以在周五下午兩點(diǎn)能夠參觀展覽。故選A。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)Exhibition部分中的“Groupsof15peopleormorearerequiredtopre-booktheirvisit...Tomakeareservation,pleasefillinaGroupRequestFormandreturnittousviaemail.”可知，15人或以上的團(tuán)體須預(yù)先預(yù)訂其行程。如欲訂購，請(qǐng)?zhí)顚憟F(tuán)體申請(qǐng)表，并通過電子郵件返回給我們。所以如果有20名兒童參觀參觀展廳，他們需要通過電子郵件提前預(yù)定。故選D。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)Gettinghere部分中的“CabsmaybefoundallyearroundonSouthwarkBridge”可知，在SouthwarkBridge可能全年都有出租車。所以判斷出游客能在SouthwarkBridge附近打到出租車。故選A。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)SwanRestaurant部分中的“Monday-Friday:12noon-2:30p.m.&6:00p.m.-10:30p.m.”可知，天鵝賓館的營業(yè)時(shí)間是周一至周五中午12點(diǎn)到下午2：30，下午6點(diǎn)到晚上10:30。所以判斷出周一至周五工作日期間，下午3點(diǎn)到下午5點(diǎn)是閉館的。故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇介紹類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。3．閱讀理解

TheBritishliveonasmallisland.Theyaresurroundedbythesea,soitisnotsurprisingthattheseahasalwaysplayedanimportantroleintheirlives.Afterthedevelopmentoflarge,ocean-goingsailingshipsinthefifteenthcentury,theseabecameevenmoreimportanttothecountry'sdevelopment.ShipssettingsailfromEnglanddeterminedtoextendBritain'sterritories,itswealthanditsknowledgeoftheworld.ShipsreturnedtoEnglandbringinggoods,peopleandnewideasfromforeignplaces.Bythenineteenthcentury,Britainhadthelargest,mostpowerfulnavyintheworld.

ThegreatsailingshipsweresomuchapartofBritishlifethattheyevenaffectedthelanguage.ManyEnglishexpressionsweusetodaywereoriginallynautical(航海的)terms,althoughmostpeoplenolongerrealizethis.Forexample,peoplecommonlydescribeanhonestandfairbusinessdealasbeing"aboveboard".Thisexpressionwasoriginallyusedinsailingshiptimeswhensecretive,dishonestship'sbusinesswouldbecarriedoutbelowdecks(belowtheboards)outofpublicview.Ontheotherhand,honestbusinesswasalwaysconductedondeck(abovetheboards),intheopenwhereeveryonecouldseewhatwasgoingon.

"Pipedown!",meaning"Bequiet!",isanothercommonexpressionthathasnauticalorigins.Theship'sboatswain(水手長)wouldblowawhistle,orpipe,attheendofthedaytoindicate(表明)tothesailorsitwastimetoquietendownandgotosleep.

MostnativeEnglishspeakershaveheardtheexpression"notenoughroomtoswingacat",butfewknowthatthe"cat"doesnotrefertoasmallfurryanimalwithfourlegsandatail.The"cat"isactuallyashortformof"catofninetails"—awhipwithnine,knotted(打結(jié)的)tails.Aboatswainneededalotofspaceinordertoswingthewhipproperlywhenlashing(鞭打)apoorsailorunderhiscontrol!（1）TheBritishhavebeenstronglyinfluencedbytheseabecause________.A.

theyoccupiedmorelandaroundtheworld

B.

theygotmorewealthfromtheseaC.

theyliveonanislandsurroundedbythesea

D.

theyhadthelargestnavyever（2）Ifsomeoneisopenandaboveboard,itmeansheis________.A.

secretive

B.

honest

C.

cheerful

D.

dishonest（3）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.

Sailorsneedtogotosleepwhentheyhearawhistle.B.

Sailorswillbewhippediftheydobusinessbelowdecks.C.

Apoorsailormaybewhippedninetimesaday.D.

Thereisnospareroomtoraisecatsonships.（4）Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.

ThebusinessonBritishsailingships.B.

TheinfluenceofBritishsailors'languageonEnglish.C.

ThesailinghistoryofEngland.D.

ThesailingstoryofBritishsailors.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，英國作為一個(gè)島國，四周環(huán)海，海洋在英國人的生活中起著重要的作用。英國曾有著強(qiáng)大的海軍。一直以來，水手們經(jīng)常使用的一些航海術(shù)語豐富并影響著英語這門語言。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Theyaresurroundedbythesea,soitisnotsurprisingthattheseahasalwaysplayedanimportantroleintheirlives.”可知，英國被海洋環(huán)繞，海對(duì)英國人的生活影響很大。故選C。（2）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第二段中的“…peoplecommonlydescribeanhonestandfairbusinessdealasbeing“aboveboard”可知，如果”一個(gè)誠實(shí)公正的人就會(huì)被認(rèn)為是'aboveboard'”。故選B。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Theship'sboatswain(水手長)wouldblowawhistle,orpipe,attheendofthedaytoindicate(表明)tothesailorsitwastimetoquietendownandgotosleep.”可知船上的水手長會(huì)在一天結(jié)束的時(shí)候吹口哨或吹笛子，向水手們表示應(yīng)該安靜下來睡覺了。故選A。（4）考查主旨大意。第一段介紹英國是一個(gè)受到海洋影響的國家，四周環(huán)海，航海在人們的生活中起著重要的作用。以此引入主題即水手們?cè)诤叫袝r(shí)使用的一些航海術(shù)語對(duì)英語這門語言所產(chǎn)生的影響。故選B。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解

ItiscommonlybelievedthattheearliestChinesepaper-cutsappearedduringthesixthcentury.Somescholarsbelieveitwasevenearlier.LegendhasitthatduringtheWesternHanDynasty(206BC-AD24),EmperorWudiwasverysadafteroneofhisfavoriteconcubines,MadameLi,died.ATaoistpriest,LiShaoweng,cutapieceofhemppaperintheshapeofMadameLi.Wheneveningfell,theemperor'sservantslitcandlesinhisbedroom;thereflectionofthatpaper-cutonthewallmadetheemperorthinkabouthisbelovedconcubine.

TheYuxianpaper-cutisdifferentfrommostpaper-cutsproducedinotherregionsofChina.Paper-cutsfromotherregionsaremostlycutwithscissorsorknivesfromsingle-coloredpaper,suchasredorblackpaper.

TherearefourmajorprocedurestomakingtheYuxianpaper-cut:First,sketchthepatternonthedraftpaper;second,fastenthedrafttothepapertobecut;third,useaknifetocarveoutthepattern;andfourth,dye(染色)thepaper-cutwithvariouscolors.

PrecisecuttingskillsareneededtomakeapieceoftheYuxianpaper-cut,whichhighlightsthecraftmaker'sartistictasteanddyeingskills.Thatexplainsthefollowingsaying:"ThesuccessfulmakingofaYuxianpaper-cutis30percentdependentonthemaker'scuttingskills,and70percentonthemaker'sdyeingskills."

ThetraditionalYuxianpaper-cuthighlightstwothemes:flowersandcharactersinChineseoperas.Thepaper-cutisparticularlyknownforitsvividdescriptionofcharactersinvarioustraditionalChineseoperas.InOctober2009,theartofYuxian'spaper-cutwasaddedtothelistofIntangibleCulturalHeritage(非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn))establishedbyUNESCO(UnitedNationsEducational,Scientific,andCulturalOrganization).（1）Thefirstparagraphisactuallyabout___________.A.

EmperorWudi'sfavoriteconcubine

B.

theoriginsofChinesepaper-cutsC.

theinventorofChinesepaper-cut

D.

oneofthethemesofYuxianpaper-cut（2）Whichisthemostimportantskillofmakingpaper-cut?A.

Drawingskill.

B.

Cuttingskill.

C.

Dyeingskill.

D.

Carvingskill（3）Accordingtothepassage,theYuxianpaper-cutisespeciallyfamousforits__________.A.

livelyimagesofcharactersinclassicoperas

B.

traditionalChineseoperasC.

Chineseculturalinfluenceonoperas

D.

advancedcuttingtechniques（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.

TheEarliestChineseLegend

B.

TheYuxianPaper-cutSkillsC.

EmperorWudi'sSadStory

D.

ChineseYuxianPaper-cut【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了中國蔚縣剪紙。（1）考查段落大意。根據(jù)第一段可知，介紹了中國剪紙的起源。故選B。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“ThesuccessfulmakingofaYuxianpaper-cutis30percentdependentonthemaker'scuttingskills,and70percentonthemaker'sdyeingskills.”蔚縣剪紙的成功制作30%取決于制作人的切割技巧，70%取決于制作人的染色技巧?？芍旧记蓪?duì)于剪紙最重要。故選C。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“Thepaper-cutisparticularlyknownforitsvividdescriptionofcharactersinvarioustraditionalChineseoperas”剪紙以其對(duì)各種傳統(tǒng)戲曲中人物的生動(dòng)描述而聞名?？芍xA。（4）考查主旨大意。通讀全文可知，短文主要介紹了蔚縣剪紙有四個(gè)主要步驟。制作蔚縣剪紙需要精確的切割技巧，這突出了手工藝者的藝術(shù)品味和染色技巧。傳統(tǒng)蔚縣剪紙突出了兩個(gè)主題:中國戲曲中的花和人物。這些都是圍繞著“中國蔚縣剪紙”這個(gè)主題展開的。故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，段落大意和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行推理，歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解

Someinternationallanguagesarewidelyusedformanypurposes.Someminoritylanguageswilldieoutandsomenationstendtokeepminoritylanguages.Ireckonthatmostcommonusedinternationallanguageseaseourlifequalityandcommunicationwithdifferentnationalities.Ontheotherhand,weneedtohelpimproveminoritylanguages.

Therearemanylanguagesintheentireworldbuttwoorthreeminoritylanguagesdieouteachyear.Somecountriestrytosavedyinglanguages.Forinstance,AustralianGovernmentcreatedaprojecttosavethelanguageandcultureofMaoriwhoareAustralianaborigines.AndthereareotherprojectstokeepminoritylanguagessuchasAmericanIndianlanguage.

However,theworldwidejobmarketusuallyrequirescandidateswhocanspeakEnglishorotherinternationallanguages.Peoplewhocannotspeaklinguafranca(共通語)couldhardlybepromotedatwork.Forexample,somecompaniesneedanemployeewhocandealwithforeigncompanies.Somostpeopletendtolearnatleastoneinternationallanguagethathelpsthemtofindabetterjob.

Therefore,worldneedsonecommonlinguafrancathatshouldbespokeninanycountry.Consequently,onecommonlanguageshouldbearequiredsubjectineveryschool.Soanyonespeakingonecommonlanguagecantravelwithoutworriestoanypointoftheworldandtradetheirproducts.Peoplewillnotbeforcedtolearnmanylanguages.

Inconclusion,weshouldhelpminoritynationstokeeptheirlanguagesfortheculturaldiversity.Toeasetheworldwidecommunicationamongnations,weshouldcreateacommonlanguageandprovidecoursesofit.Asaresult,noonewillfacealanguageissue.（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reckon”inParagraph1mean?A.

Deny.

B.

Fear.

C.

Ignore.

D.

Think.（2）WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph2?A.

Notallminoritylanguagesareuseful.

B.

Someminoritylanguageshavediedout.C.

MaoriisattractivetoAustraliantourists.

D.

AmericanIndianlanguageiswellpreserved.（3）Whydomostpeoplestudymoreinternationallanguages?A.

Itbenefitstheirjourney.

B.

Theycanearnmoremoney.C.

Itdoesgoodtofindagoodjob.

D.

Theyareeagertogetpromoted.（4）Howcanwestayawayfromlanguageproblems?A.

Bylearningacommonlanguage.

B.

Bywipingoutminoritylanguages.C.

Bystudyingmorelanguagesatcollege.

D.

Bycommunicatingmorewithforeigners.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，一些國際語言被廣泛用于許多目的，多數(shù)人學(xué)習(xí)更多的國際語言是為了找到一份好工作。作者建議通過學(xué)習(xí)一種共同的語言來解決語言問題。（1）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第一段中的“Someminoritylanguageswilldieoutandsomenationstendtokeepminoritylanguages.”一些少數(shù)民族語言消亡，一些國家傾向于保持少數(shù)民族語言?！盜reckonthatmostcommonusedinternationallanguageseaseourlifequalityandcommunicationwithdifferentnationalities.”我認(rèn)為最常用的國際語言緩解我們的生活質(zhì)量和與不同民族的溝通。由上下文聯(lián)系推知?jiǎng)澗€詞的意思是“想，認(rèn)為”。故選D。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“Therearemanylanguagesintheentireworldbuttwoorthreeminoritylanguagesdieouteachyear.”可知一些少數(shù)民族的語言已經(jīng)滅絕。故選B。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Somostpeopletendtolearnatleastoneinternationallanguagethathelpsthemtofindabetterjob.”多數(shù)人學(xué)習(xí)更多的國際語言是為了找到一份好工作。故選C。（4）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Toeasetheworldwidecommunicationamongnations,weshouldcreateacommonlanguageandprovidecoursesofit.Asaresult,noonewillfacealanguageissue.”可知通過學(xué)習(xí)一種共同的語言來解決語言問題。故選A。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和推理判斷三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。6．閱讀理解

InKorea,itisrudetowearshoesinsidesomeone'shousebecauseitisconsidereddirty.InSaudiArabia,youshouldnotbringfoodtosomeone'shousebecausetakingfoodordrinksuggeststhatyouthinkthehostcannotaffordthemeal.Moreandmorepeoplearoundtheworldaretravellingabroadtostudy,togoonvacation,ortowork,andwhileitcanbeagreatwaytolearnaboutothercultures,theremaybetimeswhentravelersaccidentallyannoytheirhost.

Thesamegesturecanhaveverydifferentmeaningsindifferentcountries.ThegesturemeaningOKintheUnitedStatesmeanssomethingcompletelydifferentinBrazilasEllaYaodiscovered.EllahadtravelledtoBraziltostudyandwaslivingwithahostfamily.Duringdinner,herhostaskedEllaifshewasenjoyingthemeal.Becausehermouthwasfulloffood,EllamadeasignwithherhandthattohermeantOK.AlthoughEllameantthefoodwasgood,thissymbolinBraziliancultureisextremelyrudeandherhostwasdeeplyannoyed.

WhiletravellinginThailand,ElizabethBrownlearnedthattherearedifferencesinfoodintheUnitedStatesandThailand.Shestoppedatasmall,family-ownedrestaurantinChiangMaiandorderedspringrolls.Shewasreallyenjoyingeatingthemuntilshegotthelastoneandnoticedthattherewasaninsectinside.Shecomplainedtotheserver.Later,shediscoveredthatalthoughinsectsaredisgustingtomostAmericans,theyareconsideredadelicacy(佳肴)insomecountries.

Allthesemistakescanbeavoidedwithsomeresearchonculturaldifferencesbeforeyougoabroad.However,ifyoudoaccidentallyannoysomeone,quicklyapologize,andlearnfromyourmistake.（1）ForwhatreasondidEllamakeherhostangry?A.

Shespokewithhermouthfull.

B.

Herhostmisunderstoodhergesture.C.

Shedidn'tlikethemealherhostprepared.

D.

Herhostdidn'tlikeusingbodylanguage.（2）WhathappenedtoElizabethBrowninaThairestaurant?A.

Sheateaninsect.

B.

Shewasbadlytreated.C.

Shearguedwiththeserver.

D.

Shelearnedinsectsarewelcomethere.（3）Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.

Whatmatters

B.

WheninRome

C.

Howtobepolite

D.

Whymakemistakes【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）B【解析】【分析】這是一篇關(guān)于風(fēng)俗文化的文章。文章介紹了在韓國穿著鞋子在家里是不禮貌的和OK這個(gè)手勢(shì)在美國和巴西的不同以及泰國的飲食文化，告訴我們?yōu)榱吮苊庹`會(huì)一定要學(xué)會(huì)你所想去國家的文化即入鄉(xiāng)隨俗，如果我們不小心觸碰到了他們的文化要立刻道歉并改正。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Becausehermouthwasfulloffood,EllamadeasignwithherhandthattohermeantOK.AlthoughEllameantthefoodwasgood,thissymbolinBraziliancultureisextremelyrudeandherhostwasdeeplyannoyed.可知，她因?yàn)樽炖镉袞|西故用手勢(shì)表示OK，但這個(gè)手勢(shì)在主人所在國家是非常粗魯?shù)囊馑迹灾魅松鷼馐且驗(yàn)檎`會(huì)了她，故選B。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Later,shediscoveredthatalthoughinsectsaredisgustingtomostAmericans,theyareconsideredadelicacy(佳肴)insomecountries.可知，昆蟲在一些國家也是佳肴，故選D。注意A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，文章是說Shewasreallyenjoyingeatingthemuntilshegotthelastoneandnoticedthattherewasaninsectinside.她發(fā)現(xiàn)有只昆蟲在春卷里，并沒有提到她吃了昆蟲。（3）主旨大意題。本文講了不同國家有不同的風(fēng)俗，并告訴我們要入鄉(xiāng)隨俗，故B項(xiàng)“WheninRome,DoastheRomansDo”即入鄉(xiāng)隨俗，適合作文章題目。7．閱讀理解

Nowin2019,jazzmusicisanimportantpartofIndianapolis'artculture.JazzclubsaroundthecitystillhostconcertswithlocaljazzmusicianslikeRobDixonandJoelTucker.Oneoftheseclubs,theChatterboxJazzClub,stillhaslivejazzsevennightsaweek.

ButtherealhistoryofjazzinIndyismuchlesssimple.AlongwiththeAvenue'sculture,jazzmusicwasgonefromthestreetsformanyyears.

IndianaAvenuewastheheartofaneighborhoodalongtheWhiteRiver.Itwasacenterforblackmusicandlivestreetmusic.Thewealthyavoidedthisarea.Soitbecameaplacethatpoorerfamilies,includingmanyAfrican-Americanandimmigrant(移民)families,movedto.

JazzprosperedinthemixofAmericanculturesaroundtheAvenueinthe1930sand1940s.Butinthe1950s,thingschanged.Afterthewar,therewereprojectstomakethecitybeautifulandbuildauniversitynearby.Bothoftheseseemedlikegoodchanges.However,thenewuniversityandbuildingscausedpoorerfamiliestohavetoleavethearea.ThisdestroyedtheIndianaAvenuecommunity-andwithit,itsjazzculture.

Aftermanyyears,Indianapolisrememberedthevalueofitsartsandmusicculture.ItbegantobringbacklostculturessuchaslivemusicontheAvenue.Todoso,itbegantomakenewchanges.ThechangesincludedrepairinghistoricareasliketheAvenue.Onceagain,thehighlivingcostsinthesehistoricartsareaspushedlow-incomefamiliesout.

Todaythereareseveralold-stylejazzclubswherefriendscanmeetuptorememberthepastorjustenjoyasummerevening.Itmightseematfirstthatjazzisaliveagain,butthereisasadrealitybehindthesejazzclubs:ModernIndyjazzisonlyashadow(影子)ofthelivelyculturethatwasonceonIndianaAvenue.（1）WhatdoestheauthormainlywanttosayinParagraph1?A.Jazzclubscanmakebigmoney.B.Jazzmusiciansoftenholdconcerts.C.JazzmusicispopularinIndianapolis.D.JazzcultureisjustpartofIndianapolis'culture.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"prospered"inParagraph4mean?A.Disappearedquickly.B.Arrivedsoon.C.Recoveredsoon.D.Developedwell.（3）WhatdidIndianapolisdotobringbackitslostculture?A.Itrebuiltsomeoldimportantareas.B.Itinvitedoldjazzmusicianstosinginthecity.C.Iteducatedpeopleaboutthevalueofmusicculture.D.Itsettledlow-incomefamiliesintheIndianaAvenuecommunity,（4）Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingaboutmodernIndyjazzistrue?A.Itshomecultureisgone.B.Itsstylesaretootraditional.C.Itshowsthesadnessofthepoor.D.Itisnolongerafavoriteoftheyoung.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）A（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，2019年爵士樂仍然是印第安納波利斯藝術(shù)文化的重要組成部分，但是它的本土文化消失了。（1）考查段落大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“Nowin2019,jazzmusicisanimportantpartofIndianapolis'artculture.”現(xiàn)在到了2019年，爵士樂是印第安納波利斯藝術(shù)文化的重要組成部分?？芍?，第一段主要是介紹了爵士樂在印第安納波利斯很受歡迎。故選C。（2）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第四段中中的“Butinthe1950s,thingschanged….However,thenewuniversityandbuildingscausedpoorerfamiliestohavetoleavethearea.ThisdestroyedtheIndianaAvenuecommunity-andwithit,itsjazzculture.”但在20世紀(jì)50年代，情況發(fā)生了變化?！欢?，新的

大學(xué)和建筑使得貧困家庭不得不離開這個(gè)地區(qū)。這摧毀了印第安納大道社區(qū)，也隨之摧毀了它的爵士樂文化?？芍D(zhuǎn)折詞but之后描述了爵士樂的衰落，因此推測(cè)出劃線詞prospered意為“興盛、蓬勃發(fā)展”。故選D。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“ItbegantobringbacklostculturessuchaslivemusicontheAvenue.Todoso,itbegantomakenewchanges.ThechangesincludedrepairinghistoricareasliketheAvenue.”它開始帶回失落的文化，比如大街上的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)音樂。為此，它開始做出新的改變。這些改變包括修復(fù)像TheAvenue這樣的歷史街區(qū)?？芍?，它重建了一些舊的重要區(qū)域。故選A。（4）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Itmightseematfirstthatjazzisaliveagain,butthereisasadrealitybehindthesejazzclubs:ModernIndyjazzisonlyashadow(影子)ofthelivelyculturethatwasonceonIndianaAvenue.”乍一看，爵士樂似乎又活了起來，但在這些爵士樂俱樂部背后卻有一個(gè)可悲的現(xiàn)實(shí):現(xiàn)代印地安那爵士樂只是曾經(jīng)活躍在印第安納大道上的文化的一個(gè)影子?？芍羰繕返谋就廖幕Я?。故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和段落大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解

IhavelearnedsomethingaboutmyselfsinceImovedfromLongIslandtoFloridathreeyearsago.EventhoughIownahomeinPortSt.Luciejustminutesfromtheocean,anuncontrollableurgewellsuptoreturntoLongIslandevenasothersmaketheirwaysouth.IguessIamasnowbirdstuckinreverse.InsteadofenjoyingFlorida'smildwinters,IwillinglyendurethesevereweatheronLongIsland,theplaceIcalledhomefor65years.

I'mlikeamigratorybirdthathaslostitssenseoftiminganddirection,mywingsflappingagainstseason.

Sowhatmakesmeflyagainstthetideofsnowbirds?TheanswerhasalottodowithmyreluctancetogiveupthethingsthatdefinewhoIam.OnceIhearthatthetemperatureonLongIslandhasdippedintotherangeof40to50degrees,Ibegintolongforthesightandcracklingsoundofawoodfire.Ialsolongforthebrightdisplayo￡colors—firstinthefalltrees,andtheninthelimitsaroundhomesandatRockefellerCenter.Floridiansdecoratetoo,butcan'tcreatethespecialfeelofaNewEnglandwinter.

IsupposethebiggestreasonwhyIreturnistocelebratetheholidayswithpeopleIhaven'tseeninmonths.WhatcouldbebetterthansittingwithfamilyandfriendsforaThanksgivingturkeydinner,orwatchingneighbors'childrenexcite