2/72026年英語學業(yè)水平合格考考前模擬卷01(全國通用)注意事項考生在答題前請認真閱讀本注意事項及各題答題要求1.本試卷包含選擇題(第1題～第35題，共35題70分)和非選擇題(第36題～第46題，共11題30分)?？忌痤}全部答在答題卡上，答在本試卷上無效。本次考試時間為75分鐘?？荚嚱Y束后，請將本試卷和答題卡一并放在桌面，等待監(jiān)考員收回。2.答題前，請務必將自己的姓名、準考證號用書寫黑色字跡的0.5毫米簽字筆填寫在本試卷及答題卡上。3.請認真核對監(jiān)考員在答題卡右上角所粘貼條形碼上的姓名、準考證號是否與本人的相符合。4.答選擇題必須用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，請用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。答非選擇題必須用書寫黑色字跡的0.5毫米簽字筆寫在答題卡上的指定位置，在其他位置答題一律無效。第一部分選擇題(共計70分)第一節(jié)閱讀理解(共20小題;每小題2分，滿分40分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項.AWonderfulMoviesHoopDreamsIttellsaboutthestoryoftwoAfrican-AmericanhighschoolstudentsinChicagoandtheirdreamsofbecomingprofessionalbasketballplayers.Originallyintendedtobea30-minuteshortfilm,iteventuallyledtofiveyearsoffilming.Itwaspremieredatthe1994SundanceFilmFestivalwhereitwontheAudienceAwardforBestDocumentary.TheKarateKid12-year-oldDreParkercouldhavebeenthemostpopularkidinDetroit,buthismother'stestwork/careermovehaslandedhiminChina.Withnofriendsinastrangeland,Drehasnowheretoturnbutakindman,Mr.Han,whoisamasterofkungfu.HetellsDrethatkungfuisnotaboutfighting,butmaturityandcalm.RagingBullItisanAmericansportsfilmdirectedbyMartinScorseseandadaptedbyPaulSchraderandMardikMartinfromJakeLaMotta'sautobiographyRagingBull:MyStory.ItstarsRobertDeNiroasJakeLaMotta,anItalian-Americanmiddleweightboxerwhodestroyedrelationshipwithhiswifeandfamily.MoneyballMoneyball:TheArtofWinninganUnfairGame,isabookbyMichaelLewis,publishedin2003,abouttheOaklandAthleticsbaseballteamanditsgeneralmanagerBillyBeane.Itsfocusistheteam'sorganizingacompetitivebaseballteam.AfilmbasedonthebookstarringBradPittandJonahHillwasreleasedin2011.1.WhichmovieissetinChina?A.HoopDreams. B.RagingBull. C.TheKarateKid. D.Moneyball.2.WhatisspecialaboutRagingBull?A.Ithaswonanaward. B.Itisadaptedfromatruestory.C.Itstopicisaboutsports. D.Itisdirectedbyaforeigner.3.WhoistheroleofMoneyball?A.MichaelLewis. B.BradPitt. C.JonahHill. D.BillyBeane.1.WhichmovieissetinChina?A.HoopDreams. B.RagingBull. C.TheKarateKid. D.Moneyball.2.WhatisspecialaboutRagingBull?A.Ithaswonanaward. B.Itisadaptedfromatruestory.C.Itstopicisaboutsports. D.Itisdirectedbyaforeigner.3.WhoistheroleofMoneyball?A.MichaelLewis. B.BradPitt. C.JonahHill. D.BillyBeane.BI’vealwayslikeddesigningthings.IrememberdrawingclothesandshoeswhenIwaseight,andImademyfirstskirtagednine.Thenthreeyearsago,Ibeganmakingshoes,andInowspendmyfreetimedoingthat.Ibecameinterestedinmakingshoeswhenmycousintoldmeaboutanonlineshoe-makingcourse.Iimmediatelyaskedmymumtobookmeonafour-daycourseinLondontoseeifIlikedit,andthenIdidaten-daycoursethereinthesummerholidays.Ilovethecourses.Onthelongerone,Imadefourpairsofshoes!Icouldn’tbelieveit.Theteacherswereexcellent.That’swhatwasbestabouttheclasses.Theymadeusworkreallyhardbuttheywantedalltheirstudentstohavefun,too.I’vemadeabout15pairsofshoesnow.AtthemomentI’mmakingapairoftrainers(運動鞋)usinganoldpairofjeans,butI’veusedallkindsofdifferentthingsbefore,fromoldleatherhandbagstooldcottondresses!Makingshoeshaschangedmyplansforthefuture.IknownowthatIwanttobeadesigner,butnotashoedesigner.I’vedecidedI’lldohomedesign.I’vedesignedlotsofshoesandalsosomeclothes,soI’dliketotrysomethingnew.4.Whatdoweknowaboutthewriterfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Shebeganmakingshoesthreeyearsago.B.Shemadeherfirstskirtattheageofeight.C.Shebookedafour-daycourseinthesummerholidays.D.Shetoldhercousinaboutanonlineshoe-makingcourse.5.Whatdidthewriterlikemostaboutthecourses?A.Theclassesweregivenonline. B.SheenjoyedstayinginLondon.C.Theteacherstherewereexcellent. D.Shemadeabout15pairsofshoes.6.Whatmaterialisthewriterusingfortrainersnow?A.Oldskirts. B.Oldcottondresses.C.Oldjeans. D.Oldleatherhandbags.7.Whatwouldthewriterliketobeinthefuture?A.Ashoedesigner. B.Ahomedesigner.C.Acoursedesigner. D.Aclothesdesigner.CWewaste1.3billiontonsoffoodeveryyear.Thisistoomuch—thewasteweighsasmuchas200millionelephants!MostoffoodwastehappensinNorthAmericaandEurope,whereabout100kgoffoodperpersoniswastedeachyear.However,therearestillmillionsofpeoplethatdon’thaveenoughtoeat.Foodwasteisn’tjustbadforhumans,though.It’salsobadfortheenvironment.Whenweputfoodwasteintothelandfill,itproducesadangerousgasthatcankeepheatinsideoftheEarth’satmosphere.That’swhyit’soneofthecausesofglobalwarming.Therearealsochemicalsthatcomeoutofthefoodandgointothesoil.Whenitrains,thechemicalsthengointoourriversandlakes.Asaresult,foodwasteseriouslyharmsourbodiesofwater.

Peopledon’tthinkabouthowfoodismadewhenthey’rethrowingitaway.Alotofwaterisusedtogrowplantsthatmakefood.Weusealotofenergybecauseweneedfueltotransportfood.Ifwewastethisfood,wewasteourplanet’snaturalresources.Forthesereasons,itisimportantforusalltoreduceourfoodwaste.8.Howmanytonsoffoodarewastedeveryyear?A.1billion. B.1.3billion. C.100million. D.200million.9.What’stheresultwhenthechemicalsgointoriversandlakes?A.Thebodyofwaterisseriouslyharmed.B.Theheatiskeptinsideoftheatmosphere.C.Adangerousgasisslowlydisappearing.D.Apieceoflandisgraduallyformed.10.WhatdoweknowfromParagraph3?A.Peoplethinktwicebeforethrowingfoodaway.B.Littlewaterisusedtogrowplantsthatmakefood.C.Weseldomneedfueltotransportfoodeveryday.D.Wastingfoodmeanswastingournaturalresources.11.Whatwillthewriterprobablytalkaboutinthenextparagraph?A.Reasonsforreducingourfoodwaste.B.Reasonsforsavingnaturalresources.C.Methodsofreducingourfoodwaste.D.Methodsofgrowingvariousplants.DStudieshaveshownthemereexposureeffect,alsoreferredtoasthefamiliarityprinciple,inspiresourdecisions.Itisahelpfulpsychologicalmechanism(機制)thathelpsusmaintainourenergyandfocusourattentiononotherthings.Gettingusedtonewthingstakeseffortanditcanbetiring.Sounlesswehaveaterribleexperience,wearelikelytobuyfromcompanieswe’vegotusedto.Thatiswhycompaniesspendsomuchmoneyonadvertisingandmarketingandwhyinsurancecompaniesopenlychargeexistingcustomersmorethannewones.It’snotthecasethatweonlydesirethingswealreadyknow.Somestudiessuggestwheninvitedtoshareourpreferences,wesometimesseelessfamiliarchoicesasmoredesirable.Butwhenactingonthatpreference,wefallbacktowhatweknow.Thismightexplainwhysometimesthethingswewantandthethingswedodon’tquitematchup.Wemightevenreturntocompaniesthattreateduspoorlyinthepastorstayinbadrelationships.It’seasytopaintthefamiliarityprincipleasanenemyorsomethingtobattleasifitissomethingthatholdsusbackfromlivingourdreams.Butthisattitudemightbeoverwhelmingbecauseittendstoencourageustowardbig-picturethinking.Whereweimaginethatchangerequiresasubstantialdramatic(巨大而突然的)swingthatwedon’tfeelreadyfor.Somearticlessuggestthesolutiontofamiliarityfrustrationiscompleteexposuretonovelty(新奇的事物).Whilethiscanappeareffectiveintheshortrun,wemayonlyendupreplacingoneproblemwithanother.Italsorisksoverwhelmandburnout.Sowhatifwecanworkwiththefamiliarityprincipleinstead?Familiarityissomethingwecanlearntoplaywithandenjoy.Itisasettingforcreativityandapathwaytoexpansion.Wecanbroadenthezoneoffamiliaritybitbybit.Ifwethinkoffamiliarityassomethingthatcanexpand,wecanconsiderchangingtheconditionsinandaroundourliestomakemorespaceforourpreferencestotakerootandgrowgently.Fromhere,wewillstarttomakedecisions,drawingfromanever-deepeningpoolofvaluablealternatives.12.Whatallowsinsurancecompaniestochargeoldcustomersmore?A.Thefamiliarityprinciple. B.Theadvertisingcost.C.Theimprovedservice. D.Thelawofthemarket.13.Whatcanbelearnedfromparagraph2?A.Ourpreferencesaffectourdecisions.B.Therecanbeamismatchbetweendesiresandactions.C.Thefamiliarityprincipleisadouble-edgedsword.D.Familiaritytendstogeneratedisrespect.14.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthesolutioninsomearticles?A.Objective. B.Favorable. C.Disapproving. D.Tolerant.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.GentlyExpandYourFamiliarityZone B.StepOutOfYourFamiliarityZoneC.SpareAThoughtForYourPreference D.GivePriorityToTheMereExposureEffectE根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后所給的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將相應選項的標號涂黑。選項中有一項是多余選項。TheartofChineseknotting,orZhongguoJie,hasalonghistoryinChina.ItisauniqueformoftraditionalChinesehandicraft(手工藝).16Theseknotswereusedtorecordeventsandinformationinancienttimes.Astimewentby,Chineseknottingdevelopedintoadecorativeart.ThematerialsformakingChineseknotsareusuallycolorfulsilkthreads.17Theycanbemadeintodifferentshapeslikebutterflies,flowers,andluckysymbols.Eachknothasitsownspecialmeaning.Forexample,adouble-coinknotrepresentswealth.18First,thecrafterchoosestherightsilkthreadsaccordingtothedesign.Then,differentknottingtechniquesareusedtocreatethebasicshapes.Finally,thecraftercombinestheseshapestoformacompleteChineseknot.Inthepast,Chineseknotswereoftengivenasgiftsduringfestivals.19Today,theyarenotonlypopularinChinabutalsolovedbypeoplearoundtheworld.Theycanbeseeninmanyplaces,suchashomes,shops,andartgalleries.20ManyschoolsandcommunitiesholdChineseknottingclassestoteachthistraditionalarttoyoungpeople.Inthisway,morepeoplecanlearnaboutChineseknottingandhelpkeepthisculturalheritagealive.A.MakingaChineseknotinvolvesseveralsteps.B.Inancienttimes,peoplemadesimpleknotswithropes.C.Peoplebelievethattheycanbringgoodluckandhappiness.D.Thesethreadsareeasytoshapeandcanbeknottedindifferentways.E.ChineseknottinghasbecomeasymbolofChinesetraditionalculture.第二節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項ABC和D中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，。Fifteen-year-oldChenYehasbecometheyoungestChinesechampioninthe2023AsianGamesafterwinningtheskateboarding(滑板)parkmen’sfinals.It’salsothefirstgoldmedalfortheChineseteamintheworldchampionshipsfor21“I’mdeeplythankfultomyfatherfor22twobowltraininggroundsforme.”Chensaidinaninterview.“WhenIstartedskateboarding.Ifeltitwasavery23sport.Ifeltveryhappyaftercompletingeachmove,”Chensaid.24itwiththepianoandotherhobbiesthathisfather,ChenWanqin,triedto25tohimbutwhichhefound26.OnceChenYeshowedhistrue27,hisfatherrespectedhischoiceand28him.In2019,ChenYe29theGuangdongprovincialskateboardingteam.Tohelphisson’straining,ChenWanqinrenteda30warehouse(倉庫)tobuildabowltrainingground.Afterfinishingsecondinthemen’sskateboardingparkeventatthe2021NationalGamesofChina,ChenWanqinbuiltanew900-square-meterskateboardingparkinordertoimprovehisson’s31.Heevenquithisjoband32allhissavingsinsupportofhisson’sinterest.Buthisefforts33.Afterwinningthisgoldmedal,ChenYenowhadtheconfidencetoaimhigher.Hehopedtoperformbetterin34eventsand,ifpossible,35moreOlympicrankingevents.21.A.boating B.skiing C.running D.skateboarding22.A.building B.changing C.decorating D.repairing23.A.tiring B.exciting C.frightening D.ordinary24.A.balancing B.comparing C.exchanging D.replacing25.A.tell B.instruct C.introduce D.order26.A.interesting B.useful C.adventurous D.boring27.A.identity B.life C.interest D.nature28.A.refused B.questioned C.ignored D.supported29.A.quit B.joined C.established D.trained30.A.large B.tiny C.busy D.crowded31.A.performance B.appearance C.health D.taste32.A.lost B.wasted C.spent D.hid33.A.calmeddown B.brokedown C.paidoff D.tookoff34.A.national B.global C.informal D.unusual35.A.takepartin B.runawayfrom C.makeupfor D.payattentionto第二部分非選擇題(共計30分)第一節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬热?1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。Lastterm,whenmyfriendrecommendedthatwejointheTaiChiClubatschool,I36(hesitate)forawhile.Iusedtothinktaichiwasonly37(suit)fortheelderly.Afterthefirstclass,however,IhadtoadmitthatIhadbeenwrongabouttaichi.The38(class)werefun,andthemovesreallycaughtmyimagination,withvividnameslike“whitecranespreadingitswings”and“goldenroosterstandingononeleg”.Eager39(explore)therichculturebehindtaichi,Iaskedmycoachabouttheirorigins.MycoachtoldmethatZhangSanfeng,4013th-centuryTaoist,wassaidtohavecreatedtaichi.However,manypeoplenowadaysbelieveChenWangtingdevelopeditbasedonmartialartsskills.41(gradual),Ifellinlovewithtaichi.Itnotonlyimprovedmyphysicalconditionbutalsodeepenedmy42(understand)oftraditionalChineseculture.Now,Iviewtaichi43abridgetoconnectmewiththeessenceoftraditionalChineseculture.It’supto44(we)topassonthisculturaltreasure.Afterall,findingthebalanceintaichiissimilartowhatwepursueinourlives,45istrulymeaningful.第二節(jié)寫作(滿分20分)假定你是李華，你的英國筆友John來信說對你校課后服務課程很感興趣，請你給他寫一封回信。內容包括：(1)本學期開設的三門課程：Calligraphy(書法)，MartialArt(武術)，Vegetable-planting;(2)你選擇的其中一門課程及其開課情況(如上課時間、地點等);(3)你選擇這門課程的原因。注意：1.詞數(shù)90左右；2.開頭和結尾已經(jīng)給出，不計入詞數(shù)；3.可以適當增加細節(jié)，并將開頭和結尾抄寫在答題卡上，以使行文連貫。DearJohn,Knowingthatyou’reinterestedinoptionalcoursesinourschool,I’mwritingtotellyousomethingaboutthem.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

2026年英語學業(yè)水平合格考考前模擬卷01(全國通用)注意事項考生在答題前請認真閱讀本注意事項及各題答題要求1.本試卷包含選擇題(第1題～第35題，共35題70分)和非選擇題(第36題～第46題，共11題30分)。考生答題全部答在答題卡上，答在本試卷上無效。本次考試時間為75分鐘?？荚嚱Y束后，請將本試卷和答題卡一并放在桌面，等待監(jiān)考員收回。2.答題前，請務必將自己的姓名、準考證號用書寫黑色字跡的0.5毫米簽字筆填寫在本試卷及答題卡上。3.請認真核對監(jiān)考員在答題卡右上角所粘貼條形碼上的姓名、準考證號是否與本人的相符合。4.答選擇題必須用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，請用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。答非選擇題必須用書寫黑色字跡的0.5毫米簽字筆寫在答題卡上的指定位置，在其他位置答題一律無效。第一部分選擇題(共計70分)第一節(jié)閱讀理解(共20小題;每小題2分，滿分40分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項.AWonderfulMoviesHoopDreamsIttellsaboutthestoryoftwoAfrican-AmericanhighschoolstudentsinChicagoandtheirdreamsofbecomingprofessionalbasketballplayers.Originallyintendedtobea30-minuteshortfilm,iteventuallyledtofiveyearsoffilming.Itwaspremieredatthe1994SundanceFilmFestivalwhereitwontheAudienceAwardforBestDocumentary.TheKarateKid12-year-oldDreParkercouldhavebeenthemostpopularkidinDetroit,buthismother'stestwork/careermovehaslandedhiminChina.Withnofriendsinastrangeland,Drehasnowheretoturnbutakindman,Mr.Han,whoisamasterofkungfu.HetellsDrethatkungfuisnotaboutfighting,butmaturityandcalm.RagingBullItisanAmericansportsfilmdirectedbyMartinScorseseandadaptedbyPaulSchraderandMardikMartinfromJakeLaMotta'sautobiographyRagingBull:MyStory.ItstarsRobertDeNiroasJakeLaMotta,anItalian-Americanmiddleweightboxerwhodestroyedrelationshipwithhiswifeandfamily.MoneyballMoneyball:TheArtofWinninganUnfairGame,isabookbyMichaelLewis,publishedin2003,abouttheOaklandAthleticsbaseballteamanditsgeneralmanagerBillyBeane.Itsfocusistheteam'sorganizingacompetitivebaseballteam.AfilmbasedonthebookstarringBradPittandJonahHillwasreleasedin2011.1.WhichmovieissetinChina?A.HoopDreams. B.RagingBull. C.TheKarateKid. D.Moneyball.2.WhatisspecialaboutRagingBull?A.Ithaswonanaward. B.Itisadaptedfromatruestory.C.Itstopicisaboutsports. D.Itisdirectedbyaforeigner.3.WhoistheroleofMoneyball?A.MichaelLewis. B.BradPitt. C.JonahHill. D.BillyBeane.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了四部電影的情況。1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheKarateKid部分中“12-year-oldDreParkercouldhavebeenthemostpopularkidinDetroit,buthismother'stestcareermovehaslandedhiminChina.Withnofriendsinastrangeland,Drehasnoheretoturnbutakindman,Mr.Han,whoisamasterofkungfu.HetellsDrethatkungisnotaboutfighting,butmaturityandcalm.(12歲的DreParker本可以成為底特律最受歡迎的孩子，但他母親的試運行讓他來到了中國。在一個陌生的地方?jīng)]有朋友，Dre在這里沒有朋友，只有一個善良的人，功夫大師韓先生。他告訴Dre功夫不是為了打架，而是為了成熟和冷靜)”可知，TheKarateKid是以中國為背景的。故選C。2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RagingBull部分中“ItisanAmericansportsfilmdirectedbyMartinScorseseandadaptedbyPaulSchraderandMardikMartinfromJakeLaMotta'sautobiographyRagingBull:MyStory.(它是一部美國體育電影，由馬丁·斯科塞斯執(zhí)導，由保羅·施瑞德和馬迪克·馬丁根據(jù)杰克·拉莫塔的自傳《憤怒的公牛：我的故事》改編)”可知，《憤怒的公?！返奶貏e之處在于是根據(jù)一個真實的故事改編的。故選B。3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Moneyball:TheArtofWinninganUnfairGame,isabookbyMichaelLewis,publishedin2003,abouttheOaklandAthleticsbaseballteamanditsgeneralmanagerBillyBeane.(《點球成金：贏得一場不公平比賽的藝術》是MichaelLewis于2003年出版的一本關于奧克蘭運動家棒球隊及其總經(jīng)理BillyBeane的書)”可知，《點球成金》的主角是BillyBeane。故選D。BI’vealwayslikeddesigningthings.IrememberdrawingclothesandshoeswhenIwaseight,andImademyfirstskirtagednine.Thenthreeyearsago,Ibeganmakingshoes,andInowspendmyfreetimedoingthat.Ibecameinterestedinmakingshoeswhenmycousintoldmeaboutanonlineshoe-makingcourse.Iimmediatelyaskedmymumtobookmeonafour-daycourseinLondontoseeifIlikedit,andthenIdidaten-daycoursethereinthesummerholidays.Ilovethecourses.Onthelongerone,Imadefourpairsofshoes!Icouldn’tbelieveit.Theteacherswereexcellent.That’swhatwasbestabouttheclasses.Theymadeusworkreallyhardbuttheywantedalltheirstudentstohavefun,too.I’vemadeabout15pairsofshoesnow.AtthemomentI’mmakingapairoftrainers(運動鞋)usinganoldpairofjeans,butI’veusedallkindsofdifferentthingsbefore,fromoldleatherhandbagstooldcottondresses!Makingshoeshaschangedmyplansforthefuture.IknownowthatIwanttobeadesigner,butnotashoedesigner.I’vedecidedI’lldohomedesign.I’vedesignedlotsofshoesandalsosomeclothes,soI’dliketotrysomethingnew.4.Whatdoweknowaboutthewriterfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Shebeganmakingshoesthreeyearsago.B.Shemadeherfirstskirtattheageofeight.C.Shebookedafour-daycourseinthesummerholidays.D.Shetoldhercousinaboutanonlineshoe-makingcourse.5.Whatdidthewriterlikemostaboutthecourses?A.Theclassesweregivenonline. B.SheenjoyedstayinginLondon.C.Theteacherstherewereexcellent. D.Shemadeabout15pairsofshoes.6.Whatmaterialisthewriterusingfortrainersnow?A.Oldskirts. B.Oldcottondresses.C.Oldjeans. D.Oldleatherhandbags.7.Whatwouldthewriterliketobeinthefuture?A.Ashoedesigner. B.Ahomedesigner.C.Acoursedesigner. D.Aclothesdesigner.【答案】4.A5.C6.C7.B【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者對設計的熱愛以及從制作衣物到制作鞋子，并最終確定未來職業(yè)方向的經(jīng)歷。4.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thenthreeyearsago,Ibeganmakingshoes,andInowspendmyfreetimedoingthat.(三年前，我開始制作鞋子，現(xiàn)在我把業(yè)余時間都用來做這個。)”可知，從前兩段我們可以知道作者三年前開始做鞋。故選A。5.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theteacherswereexcellent.That’swhatwasbestabouttheclasses.(老師們都很優(yōu)秀。這就是課程最好的地方。)”可知，作者最喜歡這些課程的一點是那里的老師很優(yōu)秀。故選C。6.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“AtthemomentI’mmakingapairoftrainers(運動鞋)usinganoldpairofjeans,butI’veusedallkindsofdifferentthingsbefore,fromoldleatherhandbagstooldcottondresses!(目前我正在用一條舊牛仔褲做一雙運動鞋，但我以前用過各種不同的東西，從舊皮革手袋到舊棉質連衣裙！)”可知，作者現(xiàn)在用舊牛仔褲做運動鞋，故選C。7.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“I’vedecidedI’lldohomedesign.(我決定做家居設計。)”可知，作者將來想成為家居設計師。故選B。CWewaste1.3billiontonsoffoodeveryyear.Thisistoomuch—thewasteweighsasmuchas200millionelephants!MostoffoodwastehappensinNorthAmericaandEurope,whereabout100kgoffoodperpersoniswastedeachyear.However,therearestillmillionsofpeoplethatdon’thaveenoughtoeat.Foodwasteisn’tjustbadforhumans,though.It’salsobadfortheenvironment.Whenweputfoodwasteintothelandfill,itproducesadangerousgasthatcankeepheatinsideoftheEarth’satmosphere.That’swhyit’soneofthecausesofglobalwarming.Therearealsochemicalsthatcomeoutofthefoodandgointothesoil.Whenitrains,thechemicalsthengointoourriversandlakes.Asaresult,foodwasteseriouslyharmsourbodiesofwater.

Peopledon’tthinkabouthowfoodismadewhenthey’rethrowingitaway.Alotofwaterisusedtogrowplantsthatmakefood.Weusealotofenergybecauseweneedfueltotransportfood.Ifwewastethisfood,wewasteourplanet’snaturalresources.Forthesereasons,itisimportantforusalltoreduceourfoodwaste.8.Howmanytonsoffoodarewastedeveryyear?A.1billion. B.1.3billion. C.100million. D.200million.9.What’stheresultwhenthechemicalsgointoriversandlakes?A.Thebodyofwaterisseriouslyharmed.B.Theheatiskeptinsideoftheatmosphere.C.Adangerousgasisslowlydisappearing.D.Apieceoflandisgraduallyformed.10.WhatdoweknowfromParagraph3?A.Peoplethinktwicebeforethrowingfoodaway.B.Littlewaterisusedtogrowplantsthatmakefood.C.Weseldomneedfueltotransportfoodeveryday.D.Wastingfoodmeanswastingournaturalresources.11.Whatwillthewriterprobablytalkaboutinthenextparagraph?A.Reasonsforreducingourfoodwaste.B.Reasonsforsavingnaturalresources.C.Methodsofreducingourfoodwaste.D.Methodsofgrowingvariousplants.【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.C【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是每年全球存在大量的食物浪費現(xiàn)象，食物浪費不僅對人類不利，還對環(huán)境有害，包括造成全球變暖、污染水體以及浪費自然資源等，因此減少食物浪費對我們所有人都很重要。8.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Wewaste1.3billiontonsoffoodeveryyear.(我們每年浪費13億噸食物。)”可知，每年有13億噸食物被浪費，故選B。9.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Therearealsochemicalsthatcomeoutofthefoodandgointothesoil.Whenitrains,thechemicalsthengointoourriversandlakes.Asaresult,foodwasteseriouslyharmsourbodiesofwater.(還有一些化學物質從食物中出來進入土壤。下雨時，這些化學物質就會進入我們的河流和湖泊。因此，食物浪費嚴重損害了我們的水體。)”可知，當這些化學物質進入河流和湖泊，水體會受到嚴重損害。故選A。10.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Ifwewastethisfood,wewasteourplanet’snaturalresources.(如果我們浪費這些食物，我們就浪費了地球的自然資源。)”可知，浪費食物就是浪費自然資源。故選D。11.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Forthesereasons,itisimportantforusalltoreduceourfoodwaste.(由于這些原因，減少食物浪費對我們所有人都很重要。)”可知，作者在下一段可能會談論減少食物浪費的方法。故選C。DStudieshaveshownthemereexposureeffect,alsoreferredtoasthefamiliarityprinciple,inspiresourdecisions.Itisahelpfulpsychologicalmechanism(機制)thathelpsusmaintainourenergyandfocusourattentiononotherthings.Gettingusedtonewthingstakeseffortanditcanbetiring.Sounlesswehaveaterribleexperience,wearelikelytobuyfromcompanieswe’vegotusedto.Thatiswhycompaniesspendsomuchmoneyonadvertisingandmarketingandwhyinsurancecompaniesopenlychargeexistingcustomersmorethannewones.It’snotthecasethatweonlydesirethingswealreadyknow.Somestudiessuggestwheninvitedtoshareourpreferences,wesometimesseelessfamiliarchoicesasmoredesirable.Butwhenactingonthatpreference,wefallbacktowhatweknow.Thismightexplainwhysometimesthethingswewantandthethingswedodon’tquitematchup.Wemightevenreturntocompaniesthattreateduspoorlyinthepastorstayinbadrelationships.It’seasytopaintthefamiliarityprincipleasanenemyorsomethingtobattleasifitissomethingthatholdsusbackfromlivingourdreams.Butthisattitudemightbeoverwhelmingbecauseittendstoencourageustowardbig-picturethinking.Whereweimaginethatchangerequiresasubstantialdramatic(巨大而突然的)swingthatwedon’tfeelreadyfor.Somearticlessuggestthesolutiontofamiliarityfrustrationiscompleteexposuretonovelty(新奇的事物).Whilethiscanappeareffectiveintheshortrun,wemayonlyendupreplacingoneproblemwithanother.Italsorisksoverwhelmandburnout.Sowhatifwecanworkwiththefamiliarityprincipleinstead?Familiarityissomethingwecanlearntoplaywithandenjoy.Itisasettingforcreativityandapathwaytoexpansion.Wecanbroadenthezoneoffamiliaritybitbybit.Ifwethinkoffamiliarityassomethingthatcanexpand,wecanconsiderchangingtheconditionsinandaroundourliestomakemorespaceforourpreferencestotakerootandgrowgently.Fromhere,wewillstarttomakedecisions,drawingfromanever-deepeningpoolofvaluablealternatives.12.Whatallowsinsurancecompaniestochargeoldcustomersmore?A.Thefamiliarityprinciple. B.Theadvertisingcost.C.Theimprovedservice. D.Thelawofthemarket.13.Whatcanbelearnedfromparagraph2?A.Ourpreferencesaffectourdecisions.B.Therecanbeamismatchbetweendesiresandactions.C.Thefamiliarityprincipleisadouble-edgedsword.D.Familiaritytendstogeneratedisrespect.14.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthesolutioninsomearticles?A.Objective. B.Favorable. C.Disapproving. D.Tolerant.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.GentlyExpandYourFamiliarityZone B.StepOutOfYourFamiliarityZoneC.SpareAThoughtForYourPreference D.GivePriorityToTheMereExposureEffect【答案】12.A13.B14.C15.A【導語】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要探討了熟悉性原則對我們決策的影響，并提出了一種平衡的觀點來看待這個原則，而不是將其視為阻礙，作者建議我們可以通過逐步擴展熟悉區(qū)域來利用這一原則來促進創(chuàng)造性和成長。12.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Studieshaveshownthemereexposureeffect,alsoreferredtoasthefamiliarityprinciple,inspiresourdecisions.Itisahelpfulpsychologicalmechanism(機制)thathelpsusmaintainourenergyandfocusourattentiononotherthings.Gettingusedtonewthingstakeseffortanditcanbetiring.Sounlesswehaveaterribleexperience,wearelikelytobuyfromcompanieswe’vegotusedto.That