（英語(yǔ)）高中英語(yǔ)閱讀理解解題技巧及練習(xí)題一、高中英語(yǔ)閱讀理解1．閱讀理解

Anyonecantrytoleadagroup,butnoteveryindividualiscutoutforleadership.Thebetterleaderspossessafewqualitiesthatcanmeanthedifferencebetweenthesuccessandfailureofthegroup.Thesearethequalitiestheleaderofhigherrankwilllookforwhenchoosingaleaderforagroup,orwhenevaluatingtheperformanceofaleader.They'realsothequalitiesteammemberswantinagroupleader,andappreciatewhentheyfindthem.

TakeResponsibility

Groupleadersmightsharetasksaroundagroupasnecessary,buteventuallyagroupleaderneedstobeabletoacceptthatresponsibilityliesonhisshoulders.Thatmeansthatifthingsgowronginagroupproject,he'stheonewhomustaccepttheconsequencesandworkoutwhatmistakesaremade.Thegroupleaderwon'talwayshavethepowertocontroleverythinggroupmembersdo,butheshouldbereadytoadmitanymistakesthegrouphasmadeasaresultofhisleadership

ConcernforMembers

Thegroupleaderhasacommitmenttothetaskorprojectathand,butperhapsmoreimportantly,hehasarealconcernforeachandeverypersonwhoispartofhisgroup.Thismeansgettingtoknowthestrengths,weaknessesandgoalsofteammembers,aswellasmakingtimetobuildthegroupthroughcollectiveactivities.Thegroupleadershouldmakesurethateveryoneisincluded,evenifanindividualisnewtoagroup.

GoodListener

Thegroupleaderneedstobeabletolistentothesuggestions,complaintsandideasofgroupmembers.Notonlywillthisallowcomplaintstobeaddressedandpotentiallysuitableideastobeputintopractice,butaleaderwholistenswillalsoencouragegroupmemberstosharetheirconcernsandthoughts,creatinganatmosphereoffreespeechandproductivity.（1）Thepassageismainlyabout____________.A.

choosingagoodleaderforagroup.

B.

assessingtheperformanceofaleader.C.

teammembers'appreciationofaleader.

D.

qualitiesofagoodgroupleader.（2）Agoodleadershouldalwaysbeableto_______.A.

tellwhenthingsgowronginagroupproject.

B.

recognizeanymistakesashisown.C.

makegroupmembersadmittheirmistakes.

D.

controleverythinggroupmembersdo.（3）Accordingto"Concernsformembers",whichofthefollowingisagoodqualityofaleader?A.

fair

B.

reliable

C.

determined

D.

generous（4）Whichofthefollowingisnotabenefitofthegroupleaderbeingagoodlistener?A.

Offeringachanceforgroupmemberstoexpressthemselvesfreely.

B.

Makingitpossibletodealwithgroupmembers'complaints.C.

Allowingtheleadertoputhisideasintopractice.

D.

Makinggroupmembersproductivebysharingtheirthoughts.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了關(guān)于好的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)所應(yīng)具備的能力和品質(zhì)的：責(zé)任心、關(guān)愛(ài)和善于傾聽(tīng)。（1）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“Thesearethequalitiestheleaderofhigherrankwilllookforwhenchoosingaleaderforagroup,orwhenevaluatingtheperformanceofaleader.They'realsothequalitiesteammemberswantinagroupleader,andappreciatewhentheyfindthem.”可知本文主要介紹了領(lǐng)袖人物所要具有的品質(zhì)，同樣這些品質(zhì)也是團(tuán)隊(duì)成員想在領(lǐng)袖身上看見(jiàn)的。故選D。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thegroupleaderwon'talwayshavethepowertocontroleverythinggroupmembersdo,butheshouldbereadytoadmitanymistakesthegrouphasmadeasaresultofhisleadership.”可知作為團(tuán)隊(duì)領(lǐng)袖，應(yīng)該愿意接受成員所犯的錯(cuò)誤，并愿意把這些錯(cuò)誤當(dāng)成是由于自己的原因造成的。故選B項(xiàng)。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thegroupleadershouldmakesurethateveryoneisincluded,evenifanindividualisnewtoagroup.”可知領(lǐng)袖要確保團(tuán)隊(duì)里所有人都參與活動(dòng)，包括新人在內(nèi)。也就是說(shuō)要保持公平的態(tài)度。故選A。（4）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Notonlywillthisallowcomplaintstobeaddressedandpotentiallysuitableideastobeputintopractice,butaleaderwholistenswillalsoencouragegroupmemberstosharetheirconcernsandthoughts,creatinganatmosphereoffreespeechandproductivity.”可知ABD三項(xiàng)都是領(lǐng)袖人物善于傾聽(tīng)?zhēng)?lái)的好處，只有C項(xiàng)沒(méi)有提及，故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和主旨大意兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行推理，歸納，從而選出正確答案。2．閱讀理解

Theyhavebeatenusatchess,andnowcomputersaretakingastepintoaveryhumanterritory:thereadingcomprehensiontest,whichschoolchildreneverywherearesuffering.

Alibabasaiditsartificialresearchoutperformedmeremortals(凡人)inaglobalreadingtestthatseeksanswerstosuchpressingquestionsas"whatwasNikolaTesla'sethnicity?"and"howbigistheAmazonrainforest?"

LuoSireferredtothemachines'victoryas"amilestone".Hesaidthetechnologyhasmanyuses,fromcustomerservicetomuseumtutorialstomedicalenquires-someofwhicharealreadybeinghandledbychatbots(聊天機(jī)器人)globally.

Inthetest,companiessubjectedtheirartificialintelligencesystemstoqueriesfromtheStanfordQuestionAnsweringDataset,whichassessedreadingcomprehension.Thecomputers'answerswerecomparedagainstaveragehumanresponsesandranked.

TyingintopplacewereMicrosoft,theUSsoftwaregiant,andAlibaba,theChinesetechgroupthatbeganwithecommerceand--likeitspeersathomeandabroad---isploughingmorefundsintoAI,muchofitviaitsresearcharm.

WhileMicrosoftandAlibabawonbytheslimmestofmargins---ataccuracylevelsafewbasispointsabovehumans'82.3percentinprovidingexactmatchestoquestions--thetieprovidedafittingsymboloftheAIarmsracebetweentheUSandChina.

Chinaaimstouseitsvasttroves(寶庫(kù))ofdata,collectedfromits1.4billionpopulationincluding730millionwhoareonline,anddeeppocketstoovertaketheUSincreatinga$150billionindustrythatisseenasthenextindustrialrevolution.AIisalreadybeingharnessedineverythingfromdriverlesscarstocustomisingnewsfeeds.

WhileChina'sdriveisbeingspearheadedbygovernment,itiscultivatinghomegrowntechgiantsincludingBaidu,AlibabaandTencenttoleapaheadoftheUS.

BaidumadeanearlybetonAI,andisleadingitsrivalsinautonomousdriving.Tencent,whichboastsjustshyof1billionmonthlyactiveusersonitssocialmediaWeChatapp,andAlibabahaveadoptedAIinoperationssuchascustomizingnewsandads,andareinvestinginnewfields.（1）WhatdoesLuoSithinkofAl'sperformanceinreadingcomprehension?A.Hefeelsfrightenedatit.B.Hehassomedoubtsaboutit.C.Hethinkshighlyofit.D.Heconsidersitworthatry.（2）HowdidthereadingtestcarryonforAl?A.Byallowingthemtointeractwithhumans.B.Byaskingthemtoanswerquestions.C.Bygivingthemquestionstoanalyze.D.Bymakingthemcompetewithchatbots.（3）WhatdoesChinadependontoleadinAl?A.Thenewindustrialrevolution.B.Thehugemarketof$150billionindustryinvestment.C.Massivedatafromits1.4billionpopulationandhugeamountsoftreasure.D.ThecooperationbetweenChinesegovernmentandMicrosoft.（4）InwhichfielddoesBaidudobetterthanitsrivals?A.Themedicalenquires.B.Thecustomerservice.C.Customernewsfeeds.D.Thedriverlesscars.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了人工智能的發(fā)展。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段“LuoSireferredtothemachines'victoryas‘a(chǎn)milestone’.Hesaidthetechnologyhasmanyuses,fromcustomerservicetomuseumtutorialstomedicalenquires-someofwhicharealreadybeinghandledbychatbots(聊天機(jī)器人)

globally.”可知司羅把機(jī)器取得的這個(gè)勝利稱為一個(gè)里程碑，稱該技術(shù)有很多用途，從客戶服務(wù)、博物館講解，到醫(yī)療查詢，其中一些在全球范圍已經(jīng)由聊天機(jī)器人處理。他對(duì)人工智能評(píng)價(jià)很高，所以選C。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段“Inthetest,companiessubjectedtheirartificialintelligencesystemstoqueriesfromtheStanfordQuestionAnsweringDataset,whichassessedreadingcomprehension.Thecomputers'answerswerecomparedagainstaveragehumanresponsesandranked.”可知通過(guò)問(wèn)問(wèn)題，回答問(wèn)題來(lái)檢測(cè)人工智能，所以選B。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第七段中的“Chinaaimstouseitsvasttroves（寶庫(kù)）ofdata,collectedfromits1.4billionpopulationincluding730millionwhoareonline,anddeeppocketstoovertaketheUSincreatinga$150billionindustrythatisseenasthenextindustrialrevolution.”可知中國(guó)力求利用來(lái)自其14億人口（其中有7.3億上網(wǎng)）的海量數(shù)據(jù)和雄厚財(cái)力，在創(chuàng)建被視為下一場(chǎng)工業(yè)革命的1500億美元產(chǎn)業(yè)方面超越美國(guó)。故選C。（4）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“BaidumadeanearlybetonAI,andisleadingitsrivalsinautonomousdriving.”可知百度在無(wú)人駕駛汽車的

技術(shù)方面領(lǐng)先其他競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手，故選D。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科技類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。3．閱讀理解

Coralreefs(珊瑚礁)areanintegralpartofsealifeandsustainitbyprovidingshelterandhabitattovariousorganisms.Theyalsosupplyandrecyclenutrientsaswellasenableagrowingfishpopulation,alongwithotherspecies,forahealthyanddiverseecosystem.However,theriseinaveragewatertemperaturesduetoclimatechangehasresultedinmorefrequentandlongtimecoralbleaching(白化現(xiàn)象)eventsthatdamagetheirhealth,causingfishandotherseaspeciestoabandonthem.

Inordertorestorethisdelicateecosystem,scientistsfromtheUKandAustraliaconductedastudythatinvolvedusingloudspeakersunderwaterneardamagedcoralreefstomakethemsoundhealthyandattractfish,potentiallykick-startingthenaturalrecoveryprocessofcoralreefsandtheirdependentlifeforms.ThelocationforthisexperimentwastheGreatBarrierReefintheCoralSea,foundalongsidetheeastcoastofQueensland,Australia.Thesiteisnotedtohavethelargestcoralreefsystemintheworld.

"Healthycoralreefsareremarkablynoisyplaces-thecrackleofsnappingshrimpandthewhoopsandgruntsoffish.Youngfishconcentrateonthesesoundswhenthey'relookingforaplacetosettle,"saidSteveSimpson,studyco-authorandaprofessorattheUniversityofExeter,UK.

Byusingloudspeakerstocopysuchsounds,partsofdeadcoralreefswerefoundtoattracttwiceasmanyfish,comparedtoplaceswherenosoundswereplayed."Thesereturningfish,arecrucialforcoralreefstofunctionashealthyecosystems.Boostingfishpopulationsinthiswaycouldhelptokick-startnaturalrecoveryprocesses,preventingthedamagewe'reseeingonmanycoralreefsaroundtheworld,"saidleadauthor,TimGordon.（1）Whatcausesthephenomenonofcoralbleaching?A.Diversespecies.B.Noisepollution.C.Fishingindustry.D.Climbingtemperatures.（2）Whatapproachisintroducedtorecoverthecoralreefs?A.Removingdamagedcoralreefs.B.Usingloudspeakerstokeepfishaway.C.Buildingnewhomesforseaspecies.D.Playingcertainsoundstoappealtofish.（3）WhyareSteveSimpson'swordsquoted?A.Toprovidesomefindingsofthestudy.B.Toshowtheprogressoftheexperiment.C.Toexplainreasonsforthenewapproach.D.Togiveanothersolutiontotheproblem.（4）Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Theattemptsareinvain.B.Naturalrecoveryisimpossible.C.Initialsuccesshasbeenachieved.D.Thecoralreefshavereturnedtonormal.【答案】（1）D（2）D（3）C（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，由于氣候變化導(dǎo)致的平均水溫上升導(dǎo)致了更頻繁、更長(zhǎng)期的珊瑚白化事件，而為了恢復(fù)這一脆弱的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，科學(xué)家們?cè)谑軗p的珊瑚礁附近使用水下擴(kuò)音器，讓珊瑚聽(tīng)起來(lái)更健康，從而能夠吸引魚(yú)類。作者解釋了采用這一方法的原因以及這一新方法獲得了初步成功。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“However,theriseinaveragewatertemperaturesduetoclimatechangehasresultedinmorefrequentandlongtimeucoralbleachingeventsthatdamagetheirhealth,causingfishandotherseaspeciestoabandonthem.”然而，由于氣候變化導(dǎo)致的平均水溫上升導(dǎo)致了更頻繁、更長(zhǎng)期的珊瑚白化事件，損害了它們的健康，導(dǎo)致魚(yú)類和其他海洋物種拋棄它們，可知，氣溫攀升是導(dǎo)致珊瑚白化現(xiàn)象的原因。故選D。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Inordertorestorethisdelicateecosystem,scientistsfromtheUKandAustraliaconductedastudythatinvolvedusingloudspeakersunderwaterneardamagedcoralreefstomakethemsoundhealthyandattractfish,potentiallykick-startingthenaturalrecoveryprocessofcoralreefsandtheirdependentlifeforms.”為了恢復(fù)這一脆弱的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，來(lái)自英國(guó)和澳大利亞的科學(xué)家們進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)研究，他們?cè)谑軗p的珊瑚礁附近使用水下擴(kuò)音器，讓它們聽(tīng)起來(lái)更健康，吸引魚(yú)類，這可能會(huì)啟動(dòng)珊瑚礁的自然恢復(fù)過(guò)程及其依賴的生命形式，可知，應(yīng)當(dāng)采用播放某些聲音來(lái)吸引魚(yú)的方法來(lái)恢復(fù)珊瑚礁。故選D。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Healthycoralreefsareremarkablynoisyplaces-thecrackleofsnappingshrimpandthewhoopsandgruntsoffish.”健康的珊瑚礁是非常吵雜的地方——蝦的噼啪聲和魚(yú)的呼嚕呼嚕聲，可知，引用SteveSimpson的話是為了解釋采用這一新方法的原因。故選C。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Byusingloudspeakerstocopysuchsounds,partsofdeadcoralreefswerefoundtoattracttwiceasmanyfish,comparedtoplaceswherenosoundswereplayed.”通過(guò)使用擴(kuò)音器來(lái)模仿這些聲音，人們發(fā)現(xiàn)部分死去的珊瑚礁比沒(méi)有聲音的地方能吸引兩倍多的魚(yú)，可推知這一新方法初步取得了成功。故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇環(huán)保類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解

AbunchofstrangersshowedupatthegymintheearlymorningofthelastSundayofApril.Afewathleteswerealreadystretchingtheirarms,butmostofuscouldbarelyfocus.AsIwasburningofflastnight'swrongdecision—abigmeal,Ispottedaposteraboutagym's21-dayworkoutchallenge,andIimmediatelysignedup.Ialwayswantedtotrainforamarathon,soIconsideredthisasmywarm-up.Besides,Ineededtostopbeinglazyandthiswasmychancetomakeachange.

Itwaseasytopromiseonpaper,butthreeweeksofrecommendedexerciseroutinesanddietrestrictionswouldn'tbeeasy.Istucktoworkingout30minutesaday,andIdidn'tdisturbmynormalroutine.Instead,Ihadtobefacedwiththetoughworkofbeingmorecreativeinmysparetime,thusbreakingsomebadhabits.

Overcomingweaknesseswithwillpowerwasmygoalforthenextpartofthejourney.Butthedifficultpartaboutmakingachallengeisrealizingthat"wanting"and"doing"aretwoverydifferentthings.Justlikeacareer,youhavetophysicallyworkforitratherthanjustwaitforittohappen.Butthat'shard.Throughoutthe21days,Ioftentoldmyselfthatthechallengewasmeaninglessandtriedtosabotagemyselffromexercising.However,finallyIovercamethatnegativethoughtandkeptworkingout.

Attheendofthechallenge,Ilearnedsomethingevenmoreimportant:Feelingtheresultsisbetterthanseeingthem.Ihadfewerheadachesandmoreenergy,andwassimplyhappier.IevenfeltalittlesmarterasIresearchedwhichfoodswerebetterformybody,andlearnedhowtomakehealthiermeals.Ifeltasenseofaccomplishment,too,becauseeventhoughIwantedtogiveupdozensoftimes,Ididn't.Ifeltmywaistgotsmallerandmyarmsgotstronger,andInolongerfeltguiltyafterhavingapieceofcakeoradrink.（1）Whatwastheauthor'swrongdecision?A.

Goingtothegymearly.

B.

Trainingforamarathon.C.

Eatingalotthepreviousnight.

D.

Stoppingbeinglazyforachange.（2）Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Someoftheauthor'sbadhabits.B.Somewaysoftheauthor'skillinghissparetime.C.Theimportanceofstickingtothenormaldailyroutine.D.Thedifficultyoftheauthor'skeepingonwiththeworkoutplan.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"sabotage"inparagraph3probablymean?A.Prevent.B.Hear.C.Improve.D.Distinguish.（4）Whatdidtheauthorlearnfromtheworkoutchallenge?A.Eatinghealthyfoodismoreimportantthanexercising.B.Overcomingachallengecouldbringgoodfeelingstohim.C.It'smoreimportanttoseewhathelikesthanjustfeelit.D.Therewasnoneedtofeelguiltyaboutthingshedislikedtodo.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，一張宣傳健身鍛煉的海報(bào)讓作者開(kāi)始馬拉松的熱身。雖然三個(gè)星期的鍛煉計(jì)劃和飲食限制是很難堅(jiān)持的，但是作者堅(jiān)持每天鍛煉。最后，鍛煉給作者帶來(lái)了好心情。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“AsIwasburningofflastnight'swrongdecision—abigmeal,Ispottedaposteraboutagym's21-dayworkoutchallenge”可知，昨晚我做了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的決定：吃了一頓大餐。因此作者的錯(cuò)誤決定是前一天晚上吃得很多。故選C。（2）考查段落大意。根據(jù)第二段中的“Itwaseasytopromiseonpaper,butthreeweeksofrecommendedexerciseroutinesanddietrestrictionswouldn'tbeeasy.”可知，將承諾寫(xiě)在紙上是很容易的，但是堅(jiān)持三個(gè)星期的鍛煉和飲食限制并不容易。因此該段的主要內(nèi)容是作者堅(jiān)持鍛煉計(jì)劃的困難。故選D。（3）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第三段中的“Throughoutthe21days,Ioftentoldmyselfthatthechallengewasmeaninglessandtriedtosabotagemyselffromexercising.”中的and前后兩句是承接關(guān)系，and前面說(shuō)的是“在這21天里，我經(jīng)常告訴自己，挑戰(zhàn)是沒(méi)有意義的?！庇伞癏owever,finallyIovercamethatnegativethoughtandkeptworkingout.”可知，然而我終于克服了這種消極的想法繼續(xù)鍛煉。however前后的內(nèi)容是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。因此可以推斷出and后面的內(nèi)容是“不想再鍛煉下去”，故選A。（4）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段的“Attheendofthechallenge,Ilearnedsomethingevenmoreimportant:Ihadfewerheadachesandmoreenergy,andwassimplyhappier.Ievenfeltalittlesmarter…Ifeltasenseofaccomplishment…Ifeltmywaistgotsmallerandmyarmsgotstronger,andInolongerfeltguiltyafterhavingapieceofcakeoradrink.”可知，在鍛煉的最后我頭痛少了，精力充沛了，而且更快樂(lè)。我甚至覺(jué)得自己更聰明了也有一種成就感，我覺(jué)得我的腰變小了，胳膊變壯了，吃了一塊蛋糕或一杯飲料后，我不再感到內(nèi)疚。因此作者感受到了克服運(yùn)動(dòng)挑戰(zhàn)能給他帶來(lái)好心情。故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和段落大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解

Researchfindsoutwhysomepeopleareconstantlyunderattackfromthebloodsuckinginsectswhileotherswalkfree.

Forthoseunfortunateenoughtofeaturehighlyonthemosquitohitlist,summernightscanbesynonymouswithmosquitobites.Yetothershardlyevergetbitten.Sohowdothebloodthirstyinsectsselecttheirvictims?

Theinsects'tastesmayseemarbitrary.However,researchshowsthatwhenmosquitoesmaketheirchoicesbetweenpotentialvictims,itallcomesdowntoscent(氣味).

“Mosquitoesareattractedbycarbondioxideandheat,whicheveryonegivesoff.Butmosquitoesarealsoattractedbycertainscents,”saysKarl-MartinVagnJensen,theheadofresearchattheDepartmentofAgriculturalScienceatArhusUniversity.

AccordingtoJensen,ithasnotyetbeenconfirmedexactlywhatthescentsinquestionare.Butresearchdoesindicatethatsomescentsaremoreattractivetomosquitoesthanothers.

“Allthelabemployeesrubbedpetridishes(培養(yǎng)皿)againsttheirstomachs.Inthatway,theirscentswereputonthedishes,whichwerethenputinacontainerfullofmosquitoes,”hesays.“Themosquitoesrepeatedlylandedonsomeofthepetridishes,butdidn'tgoanywhereneartheothers.”

Perhapstakinginspirationfrompopularfiction,therearealsothosewhoconsidergarlicasanexcellentrepellent(驅(qū)蟲(chóng)劑)againstthewingedbloodsuckers.Accordingtotheresearcher,thisstrategymaynotbeentirelyfruitless.“AsfarasIknow,thereisnoscientificproofthateatinggarlicworks.Buttheremaybesomethingtothetheorythatit'spossibletomaskscentwithgarlic,”hesays.Theonlyreliablemethodofprotectionagainstmosquitoesistouserepellentsthataresoldoverthecounter.Itcontainssomesmellsthatcanconfusethemosquitoes.Whenthemosquitocomescloser,itusessmell,heatandcarbondioxidetodecidewhethertobite.Butifitisconfusedbyarepellent,itwillnevergetthatfar.（1）WhichofthefollowingcanbestreplacethephraseunderlinedinParagraph2?A.

Beequalto.

B.

Beaccessibleto.

C.

Beharmfulto.

D.

Bebeneficialto.（2）Whatcanweinferaboutthescentsattractingmosquitoes?A.

Mosquitoescanbeattractedbyvariousscents.

B.

Somekindsofscentsappealtomosquitoesinparticular.C.

Thelabemployeesusepetridishestodeposittheirscents.

D.

Mosquitoesarearbitrarywhenitcomestodifferentscents.（3）WhatisthemainideaofthelastParagraph?A.

Anewstrategyisusedinresearchingrepellents.

B.

Garlicisconsideredtobeanexcellentrepellent.C.

Usingrepellentsisaneffectivewayagainstmosquitoes.

D.

Theinspirationagainstmosquitoesisfrompopularfiction.（4）Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.

Sciencefiction.

B.

Abiography.

C.

Amedicalreport.

D.

Aresearchpaper.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，分析了為什么有些人經(jīng)常受到吸血昆蟲(chóng)的攻擊。（1）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第二段中的“Forthoseunfortunateenoughtofeaturehighlyonthemosquitohitlist,summernightscanbesynonymouswithmosquitobites.”對(duì)于那些不幸被蚊子叮咬的人來(lái)說(shuō)，夏夜可以成為蚊子叮咬的同義詞。也就是說(shuō)“夏夜等同于蚊子的叮咬”，故選A。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“Mosquitoesareattractedbycarbondioxideandheat,whicheveryonegivesoff.Butmosquitoesarealsoattractedbycertainscents,”可知，某些種類的氣味對(duì)蚊子尤其有吸引力。故選B。（3）考查段落大意。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Theonlyreliablemethodofprotectionagainstmosquitoesistouserepellentsthataresoldoverthecounter.Itcontainssomesmellsthatcanconfusethemosquitoes.”可知，使用驅(qū)蟲(chóng)劑是對(duì)付蚊子的有效方法。故選C。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Researchfindsoutwhysomepeopleareconstantlyunderattackfromthebloodsuckinginsectswhileotherswalkfree.”可知，這篇文章最有可能來(lái)自一篇研究論文。故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷，詞義猜測(cè)和段落大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科普類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。6．閱讀理解

Takeadvantageofthisoffertostayinthemiddleofthemagicandsaveupto25%onroomsatselectDisneyResorthotels.ValidforstaysmostnightsfromMay28throughAugust31.BookthroughJuly14thisyear.

SeekinganewadventureatWaltDisneyWorldResort?BeamongthefirsttovisitPandora—TheWorldofAvatar.ThisnewlandissettoopenonMay27atDisney'sAnimalKingdomthemepark.Experienceitsgrandness--andthegreatpleasurethatlieswithinall4parks—whenyoucreateavacationpackagebyaddingthemeparkticketstothisroomoffer.

ThisspecialofferisvalidfortheDisneyResorthotelslistedbelow.ViewthechartforabreakdownofsavingswithineachResortcategory.SummerExpeditionOfferResortCategoryResortSavingsSelectDisneyDelux(豪華的)VillaResortHotelsSaveupto25%SelectDisneyDeluxeResortHotelsSaveupto25%SelectDisneyModerateResortHotelsSaveupto25%SelectDisneyValueResortHotelsSaveupto25%

Thenumberofroomsallocated(分配)forthisofferislimited,Savingsbasedonthenon-discountedpriceofthesameroom.Lengthofstayrequirementsmayapply.ModerateandDeluxesuitesmaybeavailableatalessdiscount.

Tobookbyphone,call(407)939-1852andspeakwithapersonalvacationadvisororcallyourtravelagent.

ImportantDetails

Additionalperadultchargesmayapplyifmorethan2adultsperroomatDisneyValue,ModerateandDeluxeResorts.

Guestsunderage18musthaveparentorguardianpermissiontocall,（1）Whencanavisitorbookadiscountedhotel?A.

OnJuly14.

B.

OnJuly30.

C.

OnAugust31.

D.

OnOctober1.（2）WhatcanwelearnaboutPandora?A.

ItisashootingplaceforAvatar.

B.

Itisdangeroustovisitalone.C.

ItcanbevisitedbeforeMay27.

D.

ItbelongstoAnimalKingdomthemepark.（3）Whatshouldavisitoraged15dotobookadiscountedroom?A.

Comeonthespot.

B.

Bookonhisown.C.

Turntohisparent.

D.

Choosetobookonline.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了在華特迪士尼世界度假村游玩和住宿的一些情況和優(yōu)惠政策。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Takeadvantageofthisoffertostayinthemiddleofthemagicandsaveupto25%onroomsatselectDisneyResorthotels.”和“BookthroughJuly14thisyear.”可知游客可以在7月14日訂購(gòu)到打折的旅館，故選A。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“BeamongthefirsttovisitPandora-Theworldofavatar.ThisnewlandissettoopenonMay27atDisney'sAnimalKingdomthemepark.可知Pandora在Disney'sAnimalKingdomthemepark中,故選D。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Guestsunderage18musthaveparentorguardianpermissiontocall”可知18歲以下的游客必須有家長(zhǎng)和監(jiān)護(hù)人的許可，所以15歲的孩子應(yīng)該由父母預(yù)定打折房間。故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題型的考查，是一篇廣告類閱讀，要求考生準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，結(jié)合題目要求，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解

Oneofmyfirstmemoriesasachildinthe1950swasadiscussionIhadwithmybrotherinourtinybedroominthefamilyhouseinBethlehem,Pennsylvania.

WehadheardinschoolaboutaplanetcalledPluto.Itwasthefarthest,coldest,anddarkestthingachildcouldimagine.Weguessedhowlongitwouldtaketodieifwestoodonthesurfaceofsuchafrozenplacewearingonlytheclotheswehadon.WetriedtofigureouthowmuchcolderPlutowasthanAntarctica,orthanthecoldestdaywehadeverexperiencedinPennsylvania.

Pluto,whichfamouslywasdowngradedfroma“majorplanet”toa“dwarfplanet”（矮星）in2006,capturedourimaginationbecauseitwasamysterythatcouldcompleteourpictureofwhatitwaslikeatthemostremotecornersofoursolarsystem.

Pluto'sunderdogdiscoverystoryispartofwhatmakesitsoattractive.ClydeTombaughwasaKansasfarmboywhobuilttelescopesoutofspareautoparts,oldfarmequipmentandself-groundlenses.AsanassistantatLowellObservatoryinFlagstaff,Arizona,Tombaugh'staskwastosearchmillionsofstarsforamovingpointoflight,aplanetthattheobservatory'sfounderthoughtexistedbeyondtheorbitofNeptune.OnFebruary18，1930，Tombaughfoundit.PlutowasthefirstplanetdiscoveredbyanAmerican,andrepresentedamomentoflightinthemidstoftheGreatDepression'sdarkencroachment(入侵).

Plutoismuchmorethansomethingthatisnotaplanet.It'sareminderthattherearemanyworldsouttherebeyondourownandthattheskyisn'tthelimitatall.Wedon'tknowwhatkindsoffantasticvariationsonathemenatureiscapableofmakinguntilwegettheretolook.（1）WhydidPlutobecomefamousin2006accordingtothepassage?A.

Becauseitlostitsmajorplanetstatus.B.

Becauseitdisappearedinthesky.C.

BecauseitwasdiscoveredbyanAmerican.D.

Becauseitwasprovedtobethecoldestplanetintheuniverse.（2）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.

AnAmericanScientist:ClydeTombaughB.

PlutowasFirstDiscoveredbyaBoyC.

Pluto'sStrangeRomanceD.

TheDaysISpentwithMyBrotherinPennsylvania（3）Whatcanwelearnfromthefourthparagraph?A.

ClydeTombaughdiscoveredthedarknessintheGreatDepression.B.

PlutowastheonlyplanetthatwasdiscoveredbyClydeTombaugh.C.

ClydeTombaugh'sjobwastobuildtelescopesforLowellObservatory.D.

ClydeTombaugh'stelescopesusedforsearchingstarswereverysimple.（4）Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmostprobablymean?A.

Plutoisnolessthanaplanetinthesolarsystem.B.

Plutoismuchmorethanaplanetinthesolarsystem.C.

Plutoismoreimportantthananyotherplanetinthesky.D.

Plutoisnotaplanetinthesolarsystem,butitismorethanaplanet.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）D（4）D【解析】【分析】文章講述了小時(shí)候作者對(duì)冥王星的認(rèn)識(shí)，以及冥王星被發(fā)現(xiàn)和被從太陽(yáng)系去除的經(jīng)過(guò)，更表現(xiàn)了冥王星的神秘和魅力，這使作者認(rèn)識(shí)到宇宙是無(wú)窮的，也是不斷變化的，需要我們不停去探索。(1)推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段Pluto,whichfamouslywasdowngradedfroma“majorplanet”toa“dwarfplanet”（矮星）in2006,capturedourimaginationbecauseitwasamysterythatcouldcompleteourpictureofwhatitwaslikeatthemostremotecornersofoursolarsystem可知，在2006年冥王星被從太陽(yáng)系大行星中被去除，失去了其大行星地位，故選A。(2)主旨大意題。文章主要講述的是冥王星的被發(fā)現(xiàn)和被從太陽(yáng)系去除的經(jīng)過(guò)，更表現(xiàn)了它的神秘和魅力。C項(xiàng)“冥王星的奇怪浪漫史”概括全文，故選C。(3)推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段ClydeTombaughwasaKansasfarmboywhobuilttelescopesoutofspareautoparts,oldfarmequipmentandself-groundlenses.和OnFebruary18，1930，Tombaughfoundit.PlutowasthefirstplanetdiscoveredbyanAmerican,andrepresentedamomentoflightinthemidstoftheGreatDepression'sdarkencroachment(入侵).可知，是ClydeTombaugh用他簡(jiǎn)陋的儀器發(fā)現(xiàn)了冥王星，成了第一個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)行星的美國(guó)人，并且給黑暗的大蕭條時(shí)期帶來(lái)了一線光明。故選D。(4)猜測(cè)句意題。此句指冥王星的發(fā)現(xiàn)并不僅僅是一顆行星，它還讓我們知道了宇宙無(wú)限大，天空根本不是極限，它們是不斷變化的需要我們?nèi)ヌ剿?。故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查科普類短文閱讀。8．Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepas