上海JF上學(xué)期10月月考英語卷一、選詞填空（本大題共10小題，每小題2分，共20分）A.accidentallyB.establishedC.remainedD.resultingAB.introducedAC.favoriteAD.boiledBC.turnBD.commercialCD.mostlyABC.originTea-ABriefHistoryoftheNation'sFavoriteBeverageThebirthofteainChinaTeaisoftenthoughtofasbeingatypicallyBritishdink,andwehavebeendrinkingitforover350years.Butinfactthehistoryofteagoesmuchfurtherback.ThestoryofteabeginsinChina.Accordingtolegend,in2737BC,theChineseemperorShenNungwassittingbeneathatreewhilehisservant1drinkingwater,whensomeleavesfromthetreeblewintothewater.ShenNung,arenownedherbalist,decidedtotrytheinfusionthathisservanthad2created.ThetreewasaCamelliasinensis（野茶樹）,andthe3drinkwaswhatwenowcalltea.Itisimpossibletoknowwhetherthereisanytruthinthisstory.ButteadrinkingcertainlybecameestablishedinChinamanycenturiesbeforeithadevenbeenheardofinthewest.ContainersforteahavebeenfoundintombsdatingfromtheHandynasty（206BC-220AD）,butitwasundertheTangdynasty（618-906AD）,thatteabecamefirmly4asthennationaldrinkofChina.Itbecamesucha5thatduringthelateeighthcenturyawritercalledLuYuwrotethefirstbookentirelyabouttea,theCh'aChing,orTeaClassic.Itwasshortlyafterthisthatteawasfirst6toJapan,byJapaneseBuddhistmonkswhohadtravelledtoChinatostudy.ThegrowthofteainEuropeSoatthisstageinthehistoryoftea,Europewasratherlaggingbehind.InthelatterhalfofthesixteenthcenturytherearethefirstbriefmentionsofteaasadrinkamongEuropeans.Theseare7fromPortuguesewhowerelivingintheEastastradersandmissionaries（傳教士）.Butalthoughsomeoftheseindividualsmayhavebroughtbacksamplesofteatotheirnativecountry,itwasnotthePortuguesewhowerethefirsttoshipbackteaasa8import.ThiswasdonebytheDutch,whointhelastyearsofthesixteenthcenturybegantoencroach（侵犯）onPortuguesetradingroutesintheEast.Bythe9ofthecenturytheyhadestablishedatradingpostontheislandofJava,anditwasviaJavathatin1606thefirstconsignmentofteawasshippedfromChinatoHolland.TeasoonbecameafashionabledrinkamongtheDutch,andfromtherespreadtoothercountriesincontinentalwesternEurope,butbecauseofitshightpriceit10adrinkforthewealthy.二、完形填空（本大題共30小題，每小題1分，共30分）1.Inspiration"Mama,whenIgrowup,I'mgoingtobeoneofthose!"IsaidthisafterseeingtheCapitalDancingCompanyperformwhenIwagthree.Itwasthefirsttimethatmydreamtookonavividformandactedassomethingimportanttostartmytraining.AsIgrewolderandwas1tomore,myinterestsintheworldofdance2variedbutthatlittlegirl'sdreamofsomedaybecomingadancerinthecompanyneverleftme.Inthesummerof2005whenIwas18,Ireceivedthephonecallwhichmadethatdreama3;Ibecameamemberofthecompany4backto1925.AsIlookbackonthatdaynow,itsurely5anysenseofreality,IbelieveIstayedinastateofpleasantdisbeliefuntilIwashalfwaythroughrehearsalsonmyfirstday.Ineveractually6togetthejob,Afterbeingofferedtheposition,Iwascompletely7.Iremembershakingwithexcitement.ThoughIwasabsolutelythrilledwiththechange,itdidnotcomewithoutitsfairshareof8.Throughthestrictrehearsalperiodofdancingsixdaysaweek;Ifounditvitalto9upthematerialfastwitheverylastbitofconcentration.Itisthat10todetailandonpracticethatsetus11.Tothenfollowthosehigh-energyrehearsalswithabusyshowscheduleofuptofiveperformancesaday,Idiscoveredanew12ofthewords"hardwork."WhatIthoughtweremyphysical13werepushedmuchfurtherthanIthought14.Ilearnedtomakeeachperformancebetterthanthelast.Today,whenIlookattheunbelievablecompanythatIhavethegreat15ofbeingapartof.notBillyamember,butdancecaptain,Iseeatraditionthathasinspirednotonlygenerationsoflittlegirlsbutasplendidcompanythatcontinuestodevelopandgrow-andinspirespeopleeverydayfollowtheirdreams.1.A.connectedB.expandedC.exposedD.extended2.A.rarelyB.certainlyC.probablyD.consistently3.A.symbolB.memoryC.truthD.reality4.A.bouncingB.datingC.turningD.tracking5.A.lacksB.addsC.makesD.brings6.A.caredB.expectedC.askedD.decided7.A.motivatedB.relaxedC.convincedD.astonished8.A.challengesB.profitsC.advantageD.adventures9.A.putB.mixC.buildD.pick10.A.attentionB.associationC.attractionD.adaptation11.A.apartB.asideC.offD.back12.A.functionB.meaningC.expressionD.usage13.A.boundariesB.problemsC.barriersD.efforts14.A.necessaryB.perfectC.properD.possible15.A.talentB.honorC.potentialD.responsibility2.Starbucksliterallychangedthedefinitionof"agoodcupofcoffee".ForStarbucks,thebrandhadthree1:coffee,peopleandstores.Strictcontroloverthequalityandprocessingofthebeans2thatthecoffeewouldbeofthehighestpossiblequality.Outstandingstorepersonnelwereemployedandtrainedincoffeeknowledgeand3service.Storedesign,atmosphereandaromaall4the"StarbucksExperience".AlmostallStarbucksstoreswerecorporatelyownedandcontrolled.Starbucksprideditselfonthe"StarbucksExperience",5coffeetoprovideauniqueexperienceforitscustomers. 6,yougetmorethancoffeewhenyouvisitStarbucks.Yougetgreatpeople,first-ratemusic,acomfortableandupbeatmeetingplace,andsound7onbrewingexcellentcoffeeathome.Athomeyouarepartofafamily.Atworkyouarepartofacompany.Andsomewhereinbetweenisaplacewhereyoucansitbackandbeyourself.ThatiswhataStarbucksstoreistomanyofitscustomers—akindof"thirdplace"wheretheycanescape,read,8orlisten.ThegreenStarbuckslogoisamermaidthatlooksliketheendofthedoubleimageofthesea.ItwasdesignedbyTerryHeckler,whogotthe9fromthewoodenstatueofthesea.Mermaidlogoalso10originalandmodernmeanings:herfaceisverysimple,butwithmodernabstractformsofpackaging.StarbucksmakesthetypicalAmericanculturegraduallybrokendownintoelementsof11:thevisualwarmth,hearingtheway,smellingthearomaofcoffeeandsoon.Justthink,throughthehugeglasswindows,watchingthecrowdedstreets,12sippingacoffeeflavor,whichisinlinewiththe"Yapi",thefeelingofexperienceinthe13life.ButtheessenceofStarbucksisnotaboutthecoffee,althoughit's14coffee.Coffeeisonlyacarrier.Coffeeconsumption,15,isemotionalandcultural.1.A.branchesB.elementsC.factsD.factors2.A.ensuredB.assuredC.predictedD.confessed3.A.employmentB.customerC.environmentD.greeting4.A.resultedfromB.contributedtoC.benefitedfromD.stuckto5.A.comingacrossB.makingupC.goingbeyondD.dependingon6.A.ActuallyB.GraduallyC.LuckilyD.Extremely7.A.dependenceB.effectC.adviceD.remark8.A.negotiateB.performC.quarrelD.chat9.A.imaginationB.inspirationC.patienceD.illustration10.A.conveysB.createsC.creditsD.cultivated11.A.brandB.logoC.possessionD.experience12.A.greedilyB.gentlyC.reluctantlyD.indifferently13.A.easyB.busyC.miserableD.energetic14.A.greatB.rareC.expensiveD.bitter15.A.forinstanceB.toalargeextentC.inadditionD.bycontrast三、閱讀理解（本大題共12小題，每小題1.5分，共18分）1.FoodandideasaboutcookingithavebeenpassingfromonepartoftheworldtoanothersincetheStoneAgeRevolutionbeganintheMiddleEast.Theywerepartofthespreadofcivilization,thoughsincepeoplechangetheirtastesinpaintingandarchitecturemuchfasterthantheirtastesinfood,knowledgeofwhatwaseatenisfarlessthanknowledgeofthehousesthatwerelivedinortheclothesthatwereworm.Cookerybookswerefewbeforethe17thcentury,andhowclosearethegeneraleatinghabitsatanyperiodtothecookerybookspublished?Changesowedmoretothemovementofpeople,ofanimals,ofmerchants,ofrichlandowners,thantobooks.Beforecanals,railways,goodroads,mostpeopleatewhatcouldbeproducedwithinathirty-milearea.Portsdidbetter,ofcourse,iftheywereonabigtraderoute.Formostpeoplefoodwasbasicallyregionalfoodandtherewasnotalwaysenoughofiteither.Eveningoodareas,poorcountrypeoplehadlittletoeatsincemostofwhattheyproducedwentforsaleatlocalmarkets.Onlyrichmencouldbuyexpensiveseedstogrowunusualvegetables,oremploygardenerswhounderstoodhowtogrowfinefruitunfamiliartotheplacetheylivedin,oraffordcookstrainedelsewheretoprovidevarietyatmealtimes.Theundoubtedadvantagesofpresent-daylarge-scalemanufactureandorganization-wonderfulcleanliness,quickdistribution,pricesthatallowfarmorepeoplethaneverinthepasttosatisfytheirhunger—havenotsofarcometoustogetherwithanexcellentqualityoffavor.Moreover,inaworldwherepossibilitiesareendless,businessseemstotrytolimitchoicebeyondacertainlevel.Ofthe300varietiesofpearsthatlistedbyoneFrench17th-cenurygardener—eventhoughhehadtoadmitthatonly30ofthemwerereallywortheating-onlyabouthalfadozenarenowproducedinEurope.（1）Whydoweknowsolittleaboutthefoodpeopleateinthepast?A.Eatinghabitsusedtochangeveryquickly.B.Therewerenocookerybooksbeforethe17thcentury.C.Peopledidnotchangetheirtastesinfoodfast.D.Thereareveryfewpaintingsoffood.（2）Changeineatinghabitswerecausedby.A.shortagesofbasicfoodB.themovementofpopulationC.developmentsinagricultureD.therecipesofforeigncooks（3）Whatistheproblemwithoutfoodtoday?A.It'stooexpensiveformanypeople.B.It'smanufacturedtooquickly.C.Itdoesn'ttasteasitusedto.D.It'sexportedinverylargequantities.（4）Whatpointistheauthormakingintheexampleaboutthepearinthelastparagraph?A.Thereisnotasmuchvarietynowasbefore.B.Therewasmorevarietyinthepastbutqualitywasnotashigh.C.Mostpearsthatwereproducedwerenotfittoeat.D.ThereismorevarietyoutsideEuropethaninEurope.2.RobertF.Kennedyoncesaidthatacountry'sGDPmeasures"everythingexceptthatwhichmakeslifeworthwhile."WithBritainvotingtoleavetheEuropeanUnion,andGDPalreadypredictedtoslowasaresult,itisnowatimelymomenttoassesswhathewasreferringto.ThequestionofGDPanditsusefulnesshasannoyedpolicymakersforoverhalfacentury.Manyarguethatitisaflawedconcept.Itmeasuresthingsthatdonotmatterandmissesthingsthatdo.Bymostrecentmeasures,theUK'sGDPhasbeentheenvyoftheWesternworld,withrecordlowunemploymentandhighgrowthfigures.Ifeverythingwasgoingsowell,thenwhydidover17millionpeoplevoteforBrexit,despitethewarningsaboutwhatitcoulddototheircountry'seconomicprospects?Arecentannualstudyofcountriesandtheirabilitytoconvertgrowthintowell-beingshedssomelightonthatquestion.Acrossthe163countriesmeasured,theUKisoneofthepoorestperformersinensuringthateconomicgrowthistranslatedintomeaningfulimprovementsforitscitizens.RatherthanjustfocusingonGDP,over40differentsetsofcriteriafromhealth,educationandcivilsocietyengagementhavebeenmeasuredtogetamoreroundedassessmentofhowcountriesareperforming.Whileallofthesecountriesfacetheirownchallenges,thereareanumberofconsistentthemes.Yes,therehasbeenabuddingeconomicrecoverysincethe2008globalcrash,butinkeyindicatorsinareassuchashealthandeducation,majoreconomieshavecontinuedtodecline.Yetthisisn'tthecasewithallcountries.SomerelativelypoorEuropeancountrieshaveseenhugeimprovementsacrossmeasuresincludingcivilsociety,incomeequalityandtheenvironment.Thisisalessonthatrichcountriescanlearn:WhenGDPisnolongerregardedasthesolemeasureofacountry'ssuccess,theworldlooksverydifferent.So,whatKennedywasreferringtowasthatwhileGDPhasbeenthemostcommonmethodformeasuringtheeconomicactivityofnations,asameasure,itisnolongerenough.Itdoesnotincludeimportantfactorssuchasenvironmentalqualityoreducationoutcomes—allthingsthatcontributetoaperson'ssenseofwell-being.ThesharphittogrowthpredictedaroundtheworldandintheUKcouldleadtoadeclineintheeverydayserviceswedependonforourwell-beingandforgrowth.Butpolicymakerswhorefocuseffortsonimprovingwell-beingratherthansimplyworryingaboutGDPfigurescouldavoidtheforecasteddoomandmayevenseeprogress.A.praisedtheUKforitsGDPB.identifiedGDPwithhappinessC.misinterpretedtheroleofGDPD.hadalowopinionofGDP（2）ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph2that.A.theUKisreluctanttoremolditseconomicpatternB.GDPasthemeasureofsuccessiswidelydisapprovedofintheUKC.theUKwillcontributelesstotheworldeconomyD.policymakersintheUKarepayinglessattentiontoGDP（3）Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttherecentannualstudy?A.Itissponsored163countries.B.ItexcludesGDPasanindicator.C.Itscriteriaarequestionable.D.Itsresultsareenlightening.（4）Inthelasttwoparagraphs,theauthorsuggeststhat.A.theUKispreparingforaneconomicboomB.highGDPforeshadowsaneconomicdeclineC.itisessentialtoconsiderfactorsbeyondGDPD.itrequirescautiontohandleeconomicissues3.Inarareunanimousruling,theUSSupremeCourthasoverturnedthecorruptionconvictionofaformerVirginiagovernor,RobertMcDonnell.Butitdidsowhileholdingitsnoseattheethicsofhisconduct,whichincludedacceptinggiftssuchasaRolexwatchandaFerrariautomobilefromacompanyseekingaccesstogovernment.Thehighcourt'sdecisionsaidthejudgeinMr.McDonnell'strialfailedtotellajurythatitmustlookonlyathis"officialacts,"ortheformergovernor'sdecisionson"specific"and"unsettled"issuesrelatedtohisduties.Merelyhelpingagift-givergainaccesstootherofficials,unlessdonewithclearintenttopressuerthoseofficials,isnotcorruption,thejusticesfound.Thecourtdidsuggestthatacceptingfavorsinreturnforopeningdoorsis"distasteful"and"nasty."Butunderanti-briberylaws,proofmustbemadeofconcretebenefits,suchasapprovalofacontractorregulation.Simplyarrangingameeting,makingaphonecall,orhostinganeventisnotan"officialact".Thecourt'srulingislegallysoundindefiningakindoffavoritismthatisnotcriminal.Electedleadersmustbeallowedtohelpsupportersdealwithbureaucraticproblemswithoutfearofprosecutionforbribery."Thebasiccompactunderlyingrepresentativegovernment,"wroteChiefJusticeJohnRobertsforthecourt,"assumesthatpublicofficialswillhearfromtheirconstituentsandactontheirconcerns."Buttherulingreinforcestheneedforcitizensandtheirelectedrepresentatives,notthecourts,toensureequalityofaccesstogovernment.Officialsmustnotbeallowedtoplayfavoritesinprovidinginformationorinarrangingmeetingssimplybecauseanindividualorgroupprovidesacampaigndonationorapersonalgift.Thistypeofintegrityrequireswell-enforcedlawsingovernmenttransparency,suchasrecordsofofficialmeetings,rulesonlobbying,andinformationabouteachelectedleader'ssourceofwealth.Favoritisminofficialaccesscanfanpublicperceptionsofcorruption.Butitisnotalwayscorruption.Ratherofficialsmustavoiddoublestandards,ordifferenttypesofaccessforaveragepeopleandthewealthy.Ifconnectionscanbebought,abasicpremiseofdemocraticsociety—thatallaeequalintreatmentbygovernment—isundermined.Goodgovernancerestsonanunderstandingoftheinherentworthofeachindividual.Thecourt'srulingisastepforwardinthestruggleagainstbothcorruptionandofficialfavoritism.（1）Theunderlinedsentence（Para.1）mostprobablyshowsthatthecourt.A.avoideddefiningtheextentofMcDonnell'sduties.B.madenocompromiseinconvictingMcDonnel.C.wascontemptuousofMcDonnell'sconduct.D.refusedtocommentonMcDonnell'sethics.（2）AccordingtoParagraph4,anofficialactisconsideredcorruptiveonlyifitinvolves.A.leakingsecretsintentionally.B.sizablegainsintheformofgifts.C.concretereturnsforgift-givers.D.breakingcontractsofficially.（3）Thecourt'srulingisbasedontheassumptionthatpublicofficialsare.A.justifiedinaddressingtheneedsoftheirconstituents.B.qualifiedtodealindependentlywithbureaucraticissues.C.allowedtofocusontheconcernsoftheirsupporters.D.sparefromconvictiononthechargeoffavoritism.（4）Well-enforcedlawsingovernmenttransparencyareneededto.A.awakentheconscienceofofficials.B.guaranteefairplayinofficialaccess.C.allowforcertainkindsoflobbying.D.inspirehopesinaveragepeople.四、六選四（本大題共4小題，每小題1.5分，共6分）Directions:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.ThesciencebehindwhywetakeselfiesTheselfiehasarguablybecomethegreatestphotographictrendofourtime.Whyarewesointerestedintakingandsharingselfiesandhowdoesobservinganimageofyourselfdifferfromobservingapictureofsomeoneelse,asksUniversityCollegeLondonneuroscientistJamesKilner. 1Indeed,readingandrespondingcorrectlytootherpeople'sfacialexpressionsisessentialforsuccessfulsocialinteractions.Throughourlifetimeswebecomeexpertsatrecognizingandinterpretingotherpeople'sfacesandfacialexpressions.Incontrast,wehaveverylittleexperienceoflookingatourownfaces.Ourperceptionofourownfacialexpressioncomesfromoursenseoffeelingourfacesmove.2Forexample,ithasbeendemonstratedthatwhenpeopleareshownanimageofthemselvesandaskedtomatchittheyareunabletoaccuratelyproducethesamefacialexpressionwithoutbeingabletoseethemselves. 3Whenpeopleareaskedtopickaphotographwhichtheythinklooksmostlikethem--fromaseriesofphotographsinwhichanactualphotographhasbeendigitallyalteredtoproducemoreattractiveandlessattractiveversions–peopleareverybadatselectingtheoriginalphotograph.Giventhatwehaveapoorrepresentationofwhatwelooklike,thisisperhapsunsurprising. 4Inotherwords,wehaveanimageofourselvesthattendstobeyoungerandmoreattractivethanweactuallyare.Thismightinpartexplainourobsessionwithselfies.Forthefirsttimeweareabletotakeandretakepicturesofourselvesuntilwecanproduceanimagethatcomeclosertomatchingourperceptionofwhatwethinkwelooklike.A.Anotherreasonwhypeopleliketotakeselfiesisthatpeoplecandigitallyaltertheimagetolookmoreattractive.B.Ineverydaysocialsituationswespendalotofourtimelookingatandinterpretingotherpeople'sfacesandfacialexpressions.C.Kinesaidthattakingselfiehasmoretodowithone'sfacialexpressionthanone'sface.D.Thislackofvisualknowledgeaboutourownfacesmeanswehaveaveryinaccuraterepresentationofwhatourownfaceslooklikeatanygiventime.E.Thislackofknowledgeaboutwhatwelooklikehasaprofoundeffectonwhatwethinkwelooklike.F.Whatissurprisingisthatpeoplesystematicallychooseimagesthathavebeendigitallyalteredtomakethepersonappearmoreattractive.五、語法填空（本大題共20小題，每小題1分，共20分）Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofhegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.(A)HistoryofPinaPizzaisprobablythemostgloballyreconizablefoodtoday.Originallyafoodforthepoorhasnowbecomeadishforeveryone.Pizzaistheresultofatransformationdevelopedoverthecenturies.Theancestorofpizzaisthesimplebread.Itdominateshistoryasoneofthemostusedfoodsforthepoorwhowereforced1(eat)onlycerealsand2fewproductsthatnaturewasoffering.Theyusedtheirownimaginationandfantasytocreatesomethingtastefulfortheirmeals.Barleywas3(common)ingredientusedtopreparebread.Throughthecenturiespizzatookitsowncourseanddevelopedintothedishthatweknowtoday.Thisdishhasinspiredmanywritersandartistsinourhistoryandit'sfromtheirdocumentsandnotes4weknowthatpizzahastrulyoldorigins.Themodernpizza5(develop)aftertheintroductionofthetomatotoItalyinthe16thcentury.Throughoutthe17thand18thcenturiesNaplesestablisheditselfasthepizzacapitalofItaly.However,creditfortheinventionofthetrulymodernpizzagoestoaman6(name)RafaelaEsposito.Forthe1889visitofKingUmbertolandQueenMargherita,Espositodesignedthe"pizzaMargherita",whichlookedliketheItalianflag7itsred,green,andwhitecolors.Thequeenlovedit,andeventoday,pizzaMargheritaistheworldstandard.PizzadidnotfinditswayintotheUnitedSates8aftertheendoftheSecondWorldWar.Atthattime,U.S.soldiersreturnedhome.Alongwiththeirreturn,theyalsobroughtbackanappetiteforthepizzathey9(enjoy)inItaly.Pizzaparlorsbegantospringupinmoreandmoreplacesashungrypeoplestartedtoeatthisone-dishfoodonaregularbasis.Today,10(depend)onwhereyoulive,youcanusuallyfindapizzaparlornearyourhome.Manypizzaparlorswillevendelivertheirfoodrighttoyourfrontdoor!Or,ifyouprefer,mostgrocerystoressellfrozenpizzasandpizza-makingkit（工具包）aswellastheseparateingredientsformakingyourownstyleofpizzatoo!2.IamspeakingtoyouatwhatIknowisanincreasinglychallengingtime.Atimeofdisruptioninthelifeofourcountyadisruptionthathasbroughtgrieftosome,financialdifficultiestomany,andenormouschangestothedailylivesofusallIwanttothankeveryoneontheNHSfrontline,1careworkersandthosecarryingoutessentialroles,whoselflesslycontinue2day-to-daydutiesoutsidethehomeinsupportofusall.Iamsurethenationwilljoinmeinassuringyouthatwhatyoudo3(appreciate)andeveryhourofyourhardworkbringsus4(close)toareturntomorenormaltimes.Ialsowanttothankthoseofyouwhoarestayingathome,therebyhelpingtoprotectthevulnerableandsparingmanyfamiliesthepainalready5(feel)bythosewhohavelostlovedones.Togetherwearetacklingthisdisease,andIwanttoreassureyouthatifweremainunitedandresolute,thenwewillovercomeit.Ihopeintheyearstocomeeveryonewillbeabletotakepridein6theyrespondedtothischallenge.AndthosewhocomeafteruswillsaytheBritonsofthisgenerationwereasstrongasany.ThemomentswhentheUnitedKingdomhascometogethertoapplauditscareandessentialworkerswillberemembered7anexpressionofournationalspirit;andits