2025年自考本科英語專業(yè)翻譯練習(xí)（含答案）考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______第一部分英譯漢請將下列短文從英語翻譯成漢語：Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)hasbeenadefiningfeatureofthe21stcentury,fundamentallyalteringnumerousaspectsofhumanlife.Fromenhancingproductivityinvariousindustriestorevolutionizinghealthcarethroughdiagnostictoolsandpersonalizedmedicine,AI'sapplicationsarevastandcontinuallyexpanding.However,thistechnologicalprogressisnotwithoutitschallenges.Concernsregardingdataprivacy,thepotentialdisplacementofjobs,algorithmicbias,andthebroaderimplicationsforhumanautonomyhavesparkedintensepublicandacademicdebate.Navigatingthesecomplexissuesrequiresabalancedapproach,involvingrobustregulation,ethicalguidelines,andongoingdialogueamongtechnologists,policymakers,andthepublictoensureAIdevelopsinamannerthatbenefitssocietyasawhole.第二部分漢譯英請將下列短文從漢語翻譯成英語：中國文化以其悠久的歷史和豐富的內(nèi)涵而聞名于世。在漫長的歲月中，我們不僅創(chuàng)造了輝煌的物質(zhì)文明，更孕育了獨特的哲學(xué)思想、道德觀念和藝術(shù)形式。從儒家的“仁愛”到道家的“自然”，從傳統(tǒng)的節(jié)日習(xí)俗到精美的工藝品，無不體現(xiàn)著中華民族的智慧和精神追求。如今，隨著中國與世界各國交流的日益頻繁，中華文化正以新的活力走向世界，為不同文明之間的對話與互鑒貢獻(xiàn)著獨特的力量。保護(hù)和傳承好這份寶貴的文化遺產(chǎn)，激發(fā)其時代價值，是全體中國人民的共同責(zé)任。第三部分英譯漢請將下列段落從英語翻譯成漢語：Theconceptof"sustainabledevelopment"hasgainedsignificanttractiongloballyoverthepastfewdecades.Itemphasizesmeetingtheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.Thisinvolvesbalancingeconomicgrowth,socialequity,andenvironmentalprotection.Achievingsustainabilityrequiressubstantialtransformationsacrossvarioussectors,includingenergytransitiontowardsrenewables,sustainableurbanplanning,responsibleconsumptionpatterns,andconservationofbiodiversity.Whilethepathforwardiscomplexandfacesnumerousobstacles,thecollectiveeffortandcommitmenttowardssustainabilityarecrucialforensuringahealthyplanetandaprosperousfutureforallhumanity.第四部分漢譯英請將下列段落從漢語翻譯成英語：教育是民族振興和社會進(jìn)步的基石。中國政府高度重視教育事業(yè)的發(fā)展，致力于為全體人民提供公平而有質(zhì)量的教育。近年來，中國教育改革取得了顯著成就，從普及九年義務(wù)教育到大力發(fā)展高等教育，從推動教育信息化到加強教師隊伍建設(shè)，教育面貌發(fā)生了深刻變化。然而，教育公平、城鄉(xiāng)差距、區(qū)域發(fā)展不平衡等問題依然存在，需要持續(xù)關(guān)注和著力解決。未來，中國將繼續(xù)深化教育領(lǐng)域綜合改革，創(chuàng)新人才培養(yǎng)模式，努力構(gòu)建更加完善、更具活力的教育體系，為國家發(fā)展和民族復(fù)興提供堅實的人才支撐。試卷答案第一部分英譯漢【解析思路】1.第一句：“definingfeature”譯為“顯著特征”；“fundamentallyaltering”譯為“根本性地改變”；“aspectsofhumanlife”譯為“人類生活的許多方面”。采用“是...的一個顯著特征”的句式，將長句拆分為幾個短句，符合漢語表達(dá)習(xí)慣。2.第二句：“enhancingproductivity”譯為“提高生產(chǎn)力”；“revolutionizinghealthcare”譯為“革命化醫(yī)療保健”；“diagnostictools”譯為“診斷工具”；“personalizedmedicine”譯為“個性化醫(yī)療”；“applicationsarevastandcontinuallyexpanding”譯為“應(yīng)用范圍廣泛且不斷擴展”。使用“從...到...”的句式連接不同應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域，使邏輯更清晰。3.第三句：“notwithoutitschallenges”譯為“并非沒有挑戰(zhàn)”或更積極地表達(dá)為“面臨挑戰(zhàn)”；“Concernsregarding...”列舉具體挑戰(zhàn)，使用“關(guān)于...的問題”或“關(guān)于...的擔(dān)憂”；“displacementofjobs”譯為“工作職位可能被取代”；“algorithmicbias”譯為“算法偏見”；“broaderimplicationsforhumanautonomy”譯為“對人類自主性的更廣泛影響”；“sparkedintensedebate”譯為“引發(fā)了激烈辯論”。將長句拆分，并使用“包括”、“以及”等連接詞。4.第四句：“Navigatingthesecomplexissues”譯為“應(yīng)對這些復(fù)雜問題”；“requiresabalancedapproach”譯為“需要一種平衡的方法”；“robustregulation”譯為“強有力的監(jiān)管”；“ethicalguidelines”譯為“道德準(zhǔn)則”；“ongoingdialogue”譯為“持續(xù)對話”；“among...”譯為“之間”；“ensureAIdevelopsinamannerthatbenefitssocietyasawhole”譯為“以確保人工智能以造福整個社會的方式發(fā)展”。使用“需要...包括...以及...”的句式，結(jié)構(gòu)清晰。第二部分漢譯英Chineseculture,renownedforitslonghistoryandrichconnotation,isfamousworldwide.Overcenturiesoflong-standinghistory,wenotonlycreatedsplendidmaterialcivilizationbutalsonurtureduniquephilosophicalthoughts,moralconcepts,andartforms.FromConfucian"renai"(benevolence)toTaoist"ziran"(naturalness),fromtraditionalfestivalsandcustomstoexquisitehandicrafts,allreflectthewisdomandspiritualpursuitoftheChinesenation.Nowadays,withincreasingfrequentexchangesbetweenChinaandcountriesaroundtheworld,Chinesecultureisembracingnewvitalityandspreadingtotheworld,contributinguniquestrengthtodialogueandmutuallearningamongdifferentcivilizations.ItisthecommonresponsibilityofallChinesepeopletoprotectandinheritthisvaluableculturalheritagewellandstimulateitseravalue.【解析思路】1.第一句：“以其悠久的歷史和豐富的內(nèi)涵而聞名于世”譯為“renownedforitslonghistoryandrichconnotation,isfamousworldwide”。使用過去分詞短語開頭，簡潔表達(dá)來源。2.第二句：“在漫長的歲月中”譯為“Overcenturiesoflong-standinghistory”；“不僅創(chuàng)造了...更孕育了...”使用“notonly...butalso...”結(jié)構(gòu)；“輝煌的物質(zhì)文明”譯為“splendidmaterialcivilization”；“獨特的哲學(xué)思想、道德觀念和藝術(shù)形式”譯為“uniquephilosophicalthoughts,moralconcepts,andartforms”。注意“孕育”在此處譯為“nurtured”比“created”更能體現(xiàn)文化熏陶的過程。3.第三句：“從儒家的‘仁愛’到道家的‘自然’”譯為“FromConfucian'renai'(benevolence)toTaoist'ziran'(naturalness)”；引用時加引號，并括號注解釋義；“傳統(tǒng)的節(jié)日習(xí)俗”譯為“traditionalfestivalsandcustoms”；“精美的工藝品”譯為“exquisitehandicrafts”；“無不體現(xiàn)著”譯為“allreflect”；“中華民族的智慧和精神追求”譯為“thewisdomandspiritualpursuitoftheChinesenation”。使用“From...to...”連接具體例子。4.第四句：“如今”譯為“Nowadays”；“隨著...日益頻繁”譯為“withincreasingfrequentexchangesbetween...and...”；“中國與世界各國交流”譯為“Chinaandcountriesaroundtheworld”或“Chinaandothernations”；“正以新的活力走向世界”譯為“isembracingnewvitalityandspreadingtotheworld”；“不同文明之間的對話與互鑒”譯為“dialogueandmutuallearningamongdifferentcivilizations”；“貢獻(xiàn)著獨特的力量”譯為“contributinguniquestrength”。5.第五句：“保護(hù)和傳承好這份寶貴的文化遺產(chǎn)”譯為“protectandinheritthisvaluableculturalheritagewell”；“激發(fā)其時代價值”譯為“stimulateitseravalue”；“是全體中國人民的共同責(zé)任”譯為“ItisthecommonresponsibilityofallChinesepeople”。第三部分英譯漢Theconceptof"sustainabledevelopment"hasgainedsignificanttractiongloballyoverthepastfewdecades.Itemphasizesmeetingtheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.Thisinvolvesbalancingeconomicgrowth,socialequity,andenvironmentalprotection.Achievingsustainabilityrequiressubstantialtransformationsacrossvarioussectors,includingenergytransitiontowardsrenewables,sustainableurbanplanning,responsibleconsumptionpatterns,andconservationofbiodiversity.Whilethepathforwardiscomplexandfacesnumerousobstacles,thecollectiveeffortandcommitmenttowardssustainabilityarecrucialforensuringahealthyplanetandaprosperousfutureforallhumanity.【解析思路】1.第一句：“conceptof'sustainabledevelopment'”譯為“‘可持續(xù)發(fā)展’的概念”；“gainedsignificanttraction”譯為“獲得了顯著的關(guān)注/取得了顯著進(jìn)展”；“globally”譯為“在全球范圍內(nèi)”；“overthepastfewdecades”譯為“在過去的幾十年里”。采用主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)，“在全球范圍內(nèi)獲得了顯著的關(guān)注”。2.第二句：“emphasizes”譯為“強調(diào)”；“meetingtheneedsofthepresent”譯為“滿足當(dāng)前的需求”；“withoutcompromising”譯為“不損害/不危及”；“theabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds”譯為“后代滿足自身需求的能力”。采用“強調(diào)...而不損害...”的句式，將條件狀語處理為“而不...”。3.第三句：“Thisinvolves”譯為“這涉及到/這需要”；“balancing”譯為“平衡”；“economicgrowth,socialequity,andenvironmentalprotection”譯為“經(jīng)濟增長、社會公平和環(huán)境保護(hù)”。采用“涉及到平衡...、...和...”的結(jié)構(gòu)。4.第四句：“Achievingsustainability”譯為“實現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展”；“requires”譯為“需要”；“substantialtransformations”譯為“重大轉(zhuǎn)型”；“acrossvarioussectors”譯為“在各個領(lǐng)域”；“including”列舉具體方面，“energytransitiontowardsrenewables”譯為“向可再生能源轉(zhuǎn)型”；“sustainableurbanplanning”譯為“可持續(xù)的城市規(guī)劃”；“responsibleconsumptionpatterns”譯為“負(fù)責(zé)任的消費模式”；“conservationofbiodiversity”譯為“生物多樣性保護(hù)”。使用“需要...，包括...、...、...和...”的句式。5.第五句：“While”譯為“雖然/盡管”；“thepathforward”譯為“前方的道路”；“iscomplex”譯為“是復(fù)雜的”；“facesnumerousobstacles”譯為“面臨許多障礙”；“thecollectiveeffortandcommitmenttowardssustainability”譯為“朝著可持續(xù)發(fā)展方向的集體努力和承諾”；“arecrucialforensuring”譯為“對于確保...至關(guān)重要”；“ahealthyplanet”譯為“一個健康的地球”；“aprosperousfutureforallhumanity”譯為“全人類的繁榮未來”。第四部分漢譯英Educationisthecornerstoneofnationalrejuvenationandsocialprogress.TheChinesegovernmenthasalwaysattachedgreatimportancetothedevelopmen