2026屆新高考英語沖刺突破復習閱讀理解詞義猜測類解題技巧StrategiesandTechniquesforGuessingtheMeaningsofWordsorPhrasesWhileReadingShehasnoideahowtodoguessingthemeaningsofwordsinexamswhatisNancy’sproblem?GuessingGame!1.bananaskinInaspeech,JoeBidensayIranianinsteadofUkrainian,whichisarealbananaskin.IranianUkrainian3.bananaskinAslipoftonguemadeJoeBidensayIranianinsteadofUkrainian,whichisarealbananaskin.somethingthatcouldcausedifficultyorembarrassment,especiallytosbinapublicposition造成麻煩（或使人當眾出丑）的事物Adowncoatisanprotectedwintercoatthatisfilledwithfinefeathersfromaduckorgoose.2.downcoat1.theveryfinesoftfeathersofabird（鳥的）絨羽，絨毛

duckdown鴨絨2.[U]finesofthair絨毛；軟毛；汗毛Hislatestinventionturnedouttobearealcashcow.Heearnedlotsofmoneynow.thepartofabusinessthatalwaysmakesaprofitandthatprovidesmoneyfortherestofthebusiness金牛，搖錢樹，贏利部門（指一企業(yè)中始終贏利并給其他部門提供資金的部門）3.cashcow鏈接高考猜測詞義1.(2024·新高考I卷)Theseobservationsnowoutnumbertheprimarydatathatcomesfromphysicalspecimens...2.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Theysurveyedseveralhundredpark-goers,askingthemtosubmitawrittensummaryonlineofameaningfulinteractiontheyhadwithnatureinthepark.3.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Andincontrasttoourincreasinglynetworkedliveswheretheinformationweconsumeismonitoredandtracked,aprintedbookstilloffersthechanceofawhollyprivate,“off-line”activity.vt.數目超過n.逛公園的人a.離線的outlive,outperformparty-goer,church-goer01構詞法wordformationsubmarinemisleadunpredictableoverestimatemalnutrition01構詞法原文：Encouragingthiskindofthinkinghasadownside.Irantheriskoflosingthosestudentswhohadadifferentstyleofthinking.Withoutfailonewoulddeclare,“ButI’mjustnotcreative.”27.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“downside”inParagraph4probablymean？A.Mistake.B.Drawback.C.Difficulty.D.Burden.解析：downside是由“down（向下）+side（方面）”構成的合成詞，并且后文提到“作者冒著失去那些有不同思維風格的學生的風險”。因此，我們可以猜測該詞的意思是“不足，缺點”，故選B項。01“構詞法”：利用轉化，合成，派生詞進行推測; 第一，要確認所要求猜測單詞、短語或句子在文中的位置；第二，審讀題干，確認猜測點。第三，根據上下文信息，結合不同的方法進行選題第四，比較選擇項，確定答案。猜測詞義題的解題步驟：Tip根據構詞法（合成、派生、轉化等）進行猜測。在英語中，有很多詞可以在前面加前綴或在后面加后綴，從而構成另外一個詞，乍看起來，這個詞可能是新詞，但掌握了一定的構詞知識，就不難猜出它的詞義了。（2024·廣東湛江·統(tǒng)考一模）Now,anewstudyfromtheUniversityofPlymouthaddsanotherdisappointingfinding:Lightpollutionfromcoastalcitiescantrick(誤導)coralsintoreproducingoutsideoftheappropriatetimeswhentheywouldnormallygrow.

4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reproducing”mean?A.ProduceyoungB.CreatetimeC.CausenormalD.Leadtolightpollutionanimals/people/plantsproduceyoung

02解釋說明法02解釋說明法

（Explanation）12舉例3標點符號同位語舉例8.…allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.(2018年全國卷ⅠC篇)29.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“dominant”underlinedinparagraph2?A.complex.B.advanced.C.powerful.D.modern表示舉例的詞匯有suchas，forexample，forinstance，like等，可以通過所舉事例推知前面內容。漢語、英語是____語言suchas2025年1月浙江省普通高校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（浙江卷）CAnoveldesignapproachtogardeninghasbeengaininginpopularityworldwide.Referredtoasmatrixplanting,thisapproachaimsfornaturetodoalotmoreoftheheavyliftinginthegarden,andevensomeofthedesigning.Eschewing

fertilizers(化肥)andpowertools,it’sbasedonanelegantlysimpleprinciple:togardenmorelikenaturedoes.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“Eschewing”

inthefirstparagraphmean?A.Runningoutof.

B.Keepingawayfrom.C.Puttingupwith.

D.Takingadvantageof.利用冒號，破折號，同位語進行猜測。原文：（2021年全國甲）Afewminuteslater，whenIlandedthetrick，myfriendsbeattheirboardsloud，shouting：“Safe！Safe！Safe！”Andthat’swhatmattered—landingtricks，beingagoodskater.9.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“Safe！Safe！Safe！”probablymean？A.Becareful！ B.Welldone！ C.Noway！ Don’tworry！Strategy:由生詞后的_________(從句)或定語從句等進一步解釋可猜詞義。常見信號詞有__________________________________________________________________等。同位語be,mean,referto,namely,thatis(tosay),inotherwords,like注意：同位語有時也使用破折號、冒號、分號、引號和括號等表示。Ilandedmyfirstcontract.03語境法Hisconstantfloccinaucinihilipilificationofmydreamsfinallyledmetostopsharingthemwithhim.Tobedetective03“語境法”：根據上下文語境暗示，如下定義、舉例、重述等線索，猜測含義;2024年九省聯(lián)考

However，therearewaystowinanargumenteverytime.Whenyoustateyourposition，formulate（闡述）anargumentforwhatyouclaimandhonestlyaskyourselfwhetheryourargumentisanygood.Whenyoutalkwithsomeonewhotakesastand(anopinion/attitude)，askthemtogiveyouareasonfortheirviewandspellout

theirargumentfully.Assessitsstrengthandweakness.Raiseobjections（異議）andlistencarefullytotheirreplies.Thismethodwillrequireeffort，butpracticewillmakeyoubetteratit.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“spellout”inparagraph3probablymean？（）A.Defend.B.Explain.C.Conclude.D.Repeat.Dogsareknownfortheirimpressivefetchinghabit，butcats

takethisbehaviorupanotch.Manycatswillfindrandomobjectsoutsideandbringthemtotheirowners.Thisisaveryoldhabitthat’sbeenpresentinallkindsofpredators（食肉動物）.Catsbringgiftsfortheirownerstoshowtheyloveyou.Theseadorablelittlehuntersarejustdoingsomethingthatit’sbeenintheirnaturesincethebeginningoftime.Sojustgoalongwithit！26.Whichbestexplainsthephrase“take...upanotch”inparagraph3？（）A.Performappropriately.

B.Movefaster.C.Actstrangely.D.Dobetter.2024年全國甲卷

B04邏輯法03“邏輯法”：利用邏輯關系詞確定含義因果關系(so/because...);轉折關系(but/however...);thankfully/unfornately讓步關系(although/though...);對比關系(otherwise/ratherthan/while/onthecontrary...); GraywolvesoncewereseenhereandthereintheYellowstoneareaandmuchofthecontinentalUnitedStates,buttheyweregraduallydisplacedbyhumandevelopment.Bythe1920s,wolveshadpracticallydisappearedfromtheYellowstonearea.TheywentfarthernorthintothedeepforestsofCanada,wheretherewerefewerhumansaround.Whatdoestheunderlinedword＂displaced＂inparagraph2mean?Tested. B.Separated

C.Forcedout

D.Trackeddownbut轉折關系因果關系Morethan30millionpeopleweredisplacedlastyearbyenvironmentalandweather-relateddisastersacrossAsia,andtheproblemislikelytogrowmoreseriousasclimatechangeexacerbatessuchproblems,expertshavewarned.(金華十校高三模擬考試)25.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinthemeaningtotheunderlinedword“exacerbates”?A.SolvesB.PreventsC.Worsens.D.ReducesasWhy?表示因果關系常見詞匯及短語：since,as,because,for,dueto,owingto,forthereasonthat,resultfrom,so,therefore,thus,consequently,resultin等。STAFF解題技巧124302解釋說明法定義，舉例，定語，同位語，標點03語境法分析句子成分，上下文語境04邏輯關系法轉折，并列，因果關系......01構詞法合成，派生，轉化第一，要確認所要求猜測單詞、短語或句子在文中的位置；第二，審讀題干，確認猜測點。第三，根據上下文信息，結合不同的方法進行選題第四，比較選擇項，確定答案。猜測詞義題的解題步驟：2021年新高考全國II卷英語BIhaveworkedasakeeperattheNationalZoo

for11years.SpotandStripearethefirsttigercubs（幼獸）

thathaveeverbeenbornhere.Globally,athirdofSumatrancubsinzoosdon'tmakeittoadulthood,soIdecidedtogivethemround-the-clockcareathome.Astheygrewmoremobile,weletthemmovefreelyaroundthehouseduringtheday,butwhenwewereasleepwehadtocontaintheminalargeroom,otherwisethey'dgetuptomischief.We'dcomedowninthemorningtofindthey'dturnedtheroomupsidedown,andleftitlookinglikeazoo.25.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“getuptomischief”meaninparagraph3?A.Behavebadly.

B.Losetheirway.

C.Sleepsoundly.D.Misstheirmom.2022年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（全國甲卷）英語CEversinceherchildhood,Ginni,now71,hashadadeeplovefortravel.Throughouthercareer(職業(yè))asaprofessionaldancer,shetouredintheUK,butalwayslongedtoexplorefurther.Whensheretiredfromdancingandhersonseventuallyflewthenest,shedecideditwastimetotaketheplunge.AftertakingadegreeatChichesterUniversityinRelatedArts,Ginnibegantotraveltheworld,eventuallygettingworkteachingEnglishinJapanandChile.28.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“taketheplunge”underlinedinparagraph2?A.Trychallengingthings.B.Takeadegree.C.Bringbacklostmemories.

D.Sticktoapromise.2023年1月英語普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試浙江卷

CBrilliantthoughitis,ProjectDebaterhassomeweaknesses.Ittakessentencesfromitslibraryofdocumentsandprebuiltargumentsandstringsthemtogether.Thiscanleadtothekindsoferrorsnohumanwouldmake.Suchwrinkles

willnodoubtbeironedout,yettheyalsopointtoafundamentalproblem.AsKristianHammond,professorofelectricalengineeringandcomputerscienceatNorthwesternUniversity,putit:“There’sneverastageatwhichthesystemknowswhatit’stalkingabout.”29.

Whatdoestheunderlinedword“wrinkles”inparagraph2referto?A.Arguments.

B.Doubts.

C.Errors.

D.Differences.2022年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（全國乙卷）英

語CThatincludeshugesavingsinmaintenance

costsandbetterprotectionofrailwaypersonnelsafety.ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendapproximately20billioneurosayearonmaintenance,includingsendingmaintenancestaff,oftenatnight,toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.Thatcanbedangerousworkthatcouldbeavoidedwithdronesassistingthecrews’efforts.29.Whatdoes“maintenance”underlinedinparagraph3referto?A.Personnelsafety.B.Assistancefromdrones.C.Inspectionandrepair.D.Constructionofinfrastructure.Howlongwestayontheclockandhowwespendthattimeareundercarefulexaminationinmanyworkplaces.Theyoungbankerwhoeatslunchathisdeskisprobablyseenasago-getter,whilehiscolleagueswhochatoverarelaxedconference-roommealgetdirtylooksfromthecorneroffice.“Peoplefromculturesthatvaluerelationshipsmorethanoursdoesareshockedbythethoughtofeatingaloneinfrontofacomputer,”saysArtMarkman,aprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofTexas,Austin.Socialinteractionhasbeenshowntoliftmood(情緒)andgetpeoplethinkinginnewdirectionsandinwaysthatcouldhelpimproveanypost-luncheffort.28.Theunderlinedword“go-getter”inparagraph3referstosomeonewho________.A.isgoodathandlingpressureB.workshardtobecomesuccessfulC.hasanaturaltalentforhisjobD.getsonwellwithhisco-workers2022年6月普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（浙江卷）英語C2021年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（新高考I卷）英語CWhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskiesandlandswerealivewithanastonishingvarietyofwildlife.NativeAmericanshadtakencareofthesepreciousnaturalresourceswisely.Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadestodecimatealargepartoftheseresources.Millionsofwaterfowl(水禽)werekilledatthehandsofmarkethuntersandahandfulofoverlyambitioussportsmen.Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever-increasingpopulations,greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat(棲息地).29.

Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decimate”meaninthefirstparagraph?A.

Acquire.B.Export.

C.Destroy.D.Distribute.DAsquantumcomputingattractsmoreattentionandfunding,researchersmaymisleadinvestors,journalists,thepublicand,worstofall,themselvesabouttheirwork’spotential.Ifresearcherscan’tkeeptheirpromises,excitementmightgivewaytodoubt,disappointmentandanger,Johnsonwarns.Lotsofothertechnologieshavegonethroughstagesofexcitement.Butsomethingaboutquantumcomputingmakesitespeciallyprone

tohype,Johnsonsuggests,perhapsbecause“‘quantum’standsforsomethingcoolyoushouldn’tbeabletounderstand.”AndthatbringsmebacktoTaylor,whosuggestedthatIreadhisbookQforQuantum.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prone”inParagraph3mostprobablymean?A.Open.B.Cool.C.Useful.D.Resistant.2022年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（北京卷）英語開放的；易受損害的代詞類第一步:審讀題干,判斷代詞(it,one,they,this,that,these,those,which等)或助動詞(do,does,did等)具體指代詞的含義，如指代單數、復數、指人，物，還是一件事等。第二步:返回原文，找到指代詞→向上(有時向下)搜索，找最近的名詞、代詞，短語或句子。第三步：將找到的詞、詞組或句子代入替代該指代詞，看意思和邏輯關系是否通順，從而確定最佳選項。2024年1月浙江省普通高校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（浙江卷）B

（2024·1月浙江卷）Whenwasthelasttimeyouusedatelephonebox？Imeantomakeanactualphonecall—nottoshelterfromtherain.Agesago，right？ThelasttimeIusedaphoneboxforitsintendedpurposewas...2006.Iwasconductingauditions（試演）formyplayinmytinyoldsharedhouseinLondon.Hopingtoimpresssometalentedactorstocomeandworkformefornothing，Ispreadsomethrowsoverthesofasandlitcandlestomakeit

seemabitmore“youngprofessional”.24.Whatdoestheword“it”underlinedinthefirstparagraphreferto？（）Theplay. B.Thesharedhouse.C.Thesofa. D.Thetelephonebox.2022年6月普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（浙江卷）英語AAlthoughmykindergartenexperiencefeelslikeacenturyago,thelessonsIlearnedwillstickinmymindforever.Forthepastthreesummers,IhaveworkedinagovernmentagencyinNewYork.Newimmigrants—muchlikethelittlegirl

inthelunchline—floodedourofficeseek