刻畫環(huán)境，營造氛圍1.環(huán)境描寫之“美好歡愉”素材1自然景觀意象1.陽光：sunlight陽光；clearsky晴空；bebathedin沐浴在；thesunshonebrightly陽光明媚；thesuncastagoldenglow/light太陽灑下金色的光輝；thegoldensunshine金色的陽光例：①Themorningsunspilledgoldenlightoverthedewygrass,asifpaintingtheworldwithhope.朝陽將金光灑向掛著露珠的草地，仿佛在用希望描繪世界。②Shetookadeepbreath,lettingthewarmsunshinewashoverherandmeltawayallthestressandworries.她深吸一口氣，任溫暖的陽光灑滿全身并融化掉所有的壓力和擔(dān)憂。2．月光：castthesmoothandcharmingmoonlight灑下柔和而迷人的月光3．風(fēng)：agentlebreeze微風(fēng)；afairandbreezyday風(fēng)和日麗的日子4．繁星：bedottedwithnumeroustwinklingstars點綴著繁星點點5．黎明：thefirstlightofdawncreptoverthemountain第一縷晨光慢慢爬上山頂6．雪花：littlesoftsnowflakes柔軟的小雪花例：AsAlanlookedintoBob'seyes,hesawgenuinefriendshipglisteninglikethelittlesoftsnowflakesfallingfromthesky,whiteandpure.當(dāng)艾倫凝視著鮑勃的眼睛時，他看到了真摯的友誼，就像天上飄落的柔軟的小雪花一樣，潔白而純凈。7．動物與聲音：birdssinging鳥兒歌唱；leavesrustling樹葉沙沙作響；birdsgreetthenewdaywiththeirmorningsong鳥兒用晨歌迎接新的一天8．植物：bloomingflowers盛開的花朵；lushforests茂密的森林例：Colorfulflowerswerebloomingbeneaththebluesky,andthesunshinereflectedonthelake,makingitshinelikediamonds.蔚藍色的天空下，五顏六色的花朵競相綻放，陽光映照在湖面上，使湖水泛起鉆石般的光芒。素材②人文環(huán)境類9．積極環(huán)境：belinedwith排列著；wellfurnished陳設(shè)體面的；ingoodorder井井有條10．掌聲：thunderous/thunderlike/prolongedapplause雷鳴般的／經(jīng)久不息的掌聲；thunderousapplauseeruptedfrom/burstoutfrom掌聲從······爆發(fā)出來例：①Theapplausewaswarmandsteady,likeafortingblanketofapproval.掌聲熱烈而持久，如同一條令人寬慰的認(rèn)可之毯。②Thunderousapplauseandcheersfilledtheairwithachorusof“eon,David！”雷鳴般的掌聲和歡呼聲彌漫在空氣中，人們齊聲喊道：“加油，大衛(wèi)！”11．氛圍：beenvelopedin/surroundedby/with＋名詞被······包圍；anatmosphereof＋名詞＋upon/on...ough/emerged/descendedupon/on...一種…的氣氛彌漫／出現(xiàn)／降臨…例：①Asthedateofpetitionwasdrawingnear/approaching,therewasanatmosphereofrisingexcitementintheschool.隨著比賽日子的臨近，學(xué)校里的氣氛越來越熱烈。②Anatmosphereofanticipationfilledtheairasthecountdownforthelaunchbegan.隨著發(fā)射倒計時的開始，空氣中充滿了期待的氣氛。③Afeelingofjoyspreadthroughthecrowdasthewinningteamemergedontothefield.當(dāng)獲勝隊伍出現(xiàn)在運動場上時，一種歡樂的情緒在人群中蔓延開來。④Infectiouslaughterburstoutfromtheroomconstantly,andthewholefamilywassurroundedwithintensehappiness.房間里不斷傳出富有感染力的笑聲，整個家庭被強烈的幸福包圍。2.環(huán)境描寫之“哀愁壓抑”素材1自然環(huán)境類1．風(fēng)：blow刮；howl怒號，呼嘯；whistle呼嘯而行；cutthefacelikeasharpknife／blade像鋒利的刀子一樣劃著臉例：①Agustofwindstunghisface．一陣狂風(fēng)刺痛了他的臉頰。②Itwasgettingdarkandthewinddiedaway.夜幕降臨，風(fēng)逐漸停了。2．雨：rain/pour/drizzle下雨；aheavydownpour大暴雨；strongwindsacpaniedbyheavyrain狂風(fēng)夾著暴雨；pourdown傾盆而下例：Afinedrizzlebegantoenvelopthehills．蒙蒙細(xì)雨漸漸籠罩了群山。3．雷與電：thunderstorm雷雨；thunderandlightning雷電例：Thelightningsplitthedarkskylikeasilversword,followedbytherumbleofthunderthatshooktheearth.閃電像一把銀劍劃破黑暗的天空，緊接著是隆隆的雷聲，震得大地都在顫抖。4．天空：darken變暗；gloomyclouds烏云；overcast多云的；cast投射（光、影子等）例：①Theskyisovercast,darkenedwithgloomyclouds．天空中陰云密布，黑云壓頂。②Theskywasovercastandthewholeworldseemedtobeenvelopedinahugegrayquilt.天空陰沉沉的，整個世界仿佛被一張巨大的灰色被子包裹著。5．雪：envelop/blanket裹?。籦ecoveredwith被覆蓋；meltaway融化；feathery羽毛似的；theheavysnowfalling/thelargesnowflakesdrifting大雪紛飛6．冷：icy/freezing冰冷的；adramatic／sharpdropintemperature氣溫驟降；bonechilling刺骨的；can'tstopshivering不停打哆嗦7．暗：thedimlight昏暗的燈光；thelightssuddenlydimmed燈光突然變暗；beswallowedbyboundlessdarkness被無盡的黑暗吞噬例：①Theskygraduallydarkeningandthelightdimming,hequickenedhispace.天空越來越黑，光線越來越暗，他加快了步伐。②Thelastsunshinecasthershadowontheground,leavingalongandlonelyfigureinsight.最后的陽光把她的影子投射在地面上，留下一道修長而孤獨的身影。③Arippleofanxietysweptthroughtheaudienceasthelightssuddenlydimmed.當(dāng)燈光突然變暗時，一陣焦慮的漣漪掠過觀眾席。8．熱：baketheground炙烤著地面例：Thesunwasatitshighest,bakingthegroundwithitsflamesandmakingtheairstillandunbearable.太陽處于最高點，用火焰烤著地面，空氣靜止、令人難以忍受。11.①Whentheteacherasked,"Anyvolunteers?"silencefellovertheclassroom.當(dāng)老師問：“有人自愿嗎？”教室里一片寂靜。②Inaninstant,everythingsuddenlywentquiet.Birdsdidn'tchirp,leavesdidn'trustleandinsectsdidn'tsing.Afeelingofstillnesscreptuponme.剎那間，萬物都突然寂靜無聲。鳥兒不再啾啾鳴唱，樹葉不再沙沙作響，昆蟲也停止了歡唱。一種寂靜的感覺悄悄向我襲來。③Silenceenvelopedtheroom,thickandunbroken,likeaninvisibleblanket.寂靜籠罩著整個房間，像一條看不見的毯子，厚重而綿延。④Deepstillnesssettledintheroom,whereevenbreathfelttooloud.深沉的寂靜籠罩著房間，連呼吸聲都覺得響亮。⑤Notawhisper,notarustlejustendless,weightyquiet.沒有竊竊私語，沒有沙沙聲，只有無盡的、沉重的寂靜。素材②人文環(huán)境類9．雜亂：belitteredwith使遍布（一般指不好的東西）;beoutofplace位置不當(dāng)；inamess亂糟糟10．吵：thenoisycrowd喧鬧的人群11．靜：deathlystillness死寂；silenceblanketedtheroom房間里一片寂靜12．壓抑：beenvelopedinsadness沉浸在悲傷之中；agloomyatmosphere陰郁的氣氛例：It'sthelastdayofschool.Thewholeclassisenvelopedinsadness.這是在學(xué)校的最后一天。全班都非常難過。續(xù)寫微練：一根據(jù)漢語意思及括號內(nèi)的提示補全下列句子。美好歡愉1.________________________，itfeltlikeitwaskissingeveryinchofmyskin.當(dāng)我沐浴在陽光下，感覺就像陽光親吻著我的每一寸肌膚。［時間狀語從句］2.Lucytookadeepbreath,___________________________andmeltawayallthestressandworries.Lucy深吸一口氣，讓溫暖的陽光灑滿全身，融化掉所有的壓力和擔(dān)憂。［現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語］3._____________________,castingagentle,goldenglowthatwashedoverthelandscapelikethecalmwaves.黎明的第一道光悄悄爬上山頂，投下一片柔和的金色光芒，如寧靜的波浪沖刷過這片風(fēng)景。［短語creepover］4.Icanwellrememberthattherewasatime______________.我清楚地記得曾經(jīng)有一段時間，湛藍的天空、鳥兒的歌唱、月光和鮮花讓我如此著迷。［定語從句］5.Thatnightwesetupourtentinapark.Themoonhunghighinthesky,_________________.Starsweretwinklinginthesky,andthefragrantbreezegentlystrokedmyhead____________.那天晚上我們在公園里搭起了帳篷。月亮高高地掛在天空上，發(fā)出柔和迷人的月光。繁星在夜空中閃爍，清香的微風(fēng)輕輕撫著我的頭，仿佛在撫慰旅途中所有的疲勞。［現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語／asif引導(dǎo)狀語從句的省略］6.Flowers__________________andthesweetsongofbirdsheldmespellbound.花兒在早春的微風(fēng)中搖曳，鳥兒的甜美歌聲令我陶醉。［擬人］7.Onaquietmorninginthemountains,youcanfeelthesunwarmingyourskinandbreatheinthesweetscentoffreshflowers___________________.寂靜的山間清晨，當(dāng)鳥兒們用晨歌迎接新的一天時，你可以感受陽光溫暖肌膚，輕嗅鮮花芬芳。［狀語從句］哀愁壓抑8.Everycorneroftheforest__________________.森林的每一個角落都被無邊的黑暗吞噬。［短語beswallowedby］9.Itwasachillywinternight,_________________.那是一個寒冷的冬夜，月光皎潔，白雪覆蓋著大地。［獨立主格］10.Theblazingsunbeatdownwithoutmercy,gradually_______________.熾熱的太陽毫不留情地照射著，逐漸消耗了我的力量和信心。［現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語］11.Theraincame______________;thestreamsrose________________.大雨傾盆而下，溪水上漲，風(fēng)吹著拍打著房子。［現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語／with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)］12.Theweatherinsummerisunpredictable.Justnowitwassunny.Inaflash,____________________,theviolentstormbegan.夏天的天氣變幻莫測。剛才還是晴空萬里，一霎時就電閃雷鳴，開始了狂風(fēng)暴雨。［獨立主格］13.Thebitingwindhowledmercilesslythroughthetrees,____________________.刺骨的寒風(fēng)無情地在樹林間呼嘯，如刀刃般割在我的臉上。［現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語］二請根據(jù)以下情節(jié)寫一篇微作文（詞數(shù)60左右）。在一個陽光明媚的日子，為了放松心情，我們班決定去爬山。一大早我們由一個有經(jīng)驗的爬山者帶領(lǐng)著，有說有笑地爬上了山頂。沿路的鮮花在早春的微風(fēng)中搖曳，我們沉浸在鳥兒悅耳的歌聲中。［注意使用環(huán)境描寫襯托人物心情］參考答案：一1.When/AsIwasbathedinsunlight2.lettingthewarmsunshinewashoverher3.Thefirstlightofdawncreptoverthemountain4.whenthedeepbluesky,thesingingofthebirds,themoonlightandtheflowersfascinatedmesomuch5.castingitssoftandch