第第PAGE\MERGEFORMAT1頁(yè)共NUMPAGES\MERGEFORMAT1頁(yè)護(hù)理專業(yè)英語(yǔ)押題題庫(kù)及答案解析（含答案及解析）姓名：科室/部門/班級(jí)：得分：題型單選題多選題判斷題填空題簡(jiǎn)答題案例分析題總分得分（按題型排序）

一、單選題（共20分）

1.Whenapatientasksabouttheirmedication,whichofthefollowingresponsesismostappropriateforanurse?

(A)“Idon’tknow,askthedoctor.”

(B)“Takeitasprescribed.”

(C)“Thedrugsideeffectsareusuallymild.”

(D)“Youshouldonlytakehalfthedose.”

______

2.Whatisthecorrecttermforthemedicalconditionwhereapatienthasdifficultybreathingduetofluidinthelungs?

(A)Hypertension

(B)Atherosclerosis

(C)Hypoxemia

(D)Pleurisy

______

3.Whichofthefollowingbodysystemsisprimarilyresponsibleforregulatingbodytemperature?

(A)Digestivesystem

(B)Cardiovascularsystem

(C)Nervoussystem

(D)Musculoskeletalsystem

______

4.Whendocumentingapatient’svitalsigns,whichabbreviationiscommonlyusedforbloodpressure?

(A)BP

(B)Hb

(C)HR

(D)RD

______

5.Whichofthefollowingisastandardnursinginterventionforapatientwithacutepain?

(A)Ignoringthepainreport

(B)Administeringanalgesicsonlywhenthedoctororders

(C)Askingthepatienttoratepainonascaleof0–10

(D)Suggestingthepatientrelaxwithoutintervention

______

6.Whatisthemedicaltermforthelossofconsciousness?

(A)Aneurysm

(B)Syncope

(C)Epilepsy

(D)Tachycardia

______

7.Whichofthefollowingisaprioritywhencaringforapatientwithafever?

(A)Increasingtheroomtemperature

(B)Administeringantipyretics

(C)Discontinuingallfluids

(D)Encouragingheavyphysicalactivity

______

8.Whatdoestheterm“HIV-negative”indicate?

(A)ThepatienthasbeenvaccinatedagainstHIV

(B)ThepatienthasantibodiestoHIV

(C)ThepatientdoesnothaveHIVinfection

(D)ThepatientisathighriskofHIVtransmission

______

9.Whenperformingwoundcare,whichstepshouldbedonefirst?

(A)Cleaningthewound

(B)Applyinganantiseptic

(C)Coveringthewoundwithasteriledressing

(D)Measuringthewoundsize

______

10.Whatistheprimarypurposeofapatient’sdischargeteachingplan?

(A)Toprolongthehospitalstay

(B)Toensurethepatientunderstandspost-dischargecare

(C)Toincreasethenurse’sworkload

(D)Toavoidanylegalliability

______

11.Whichofthefollowingisacommonsignofdehydrationinelderlypatients?

(A)Dryskin

(B)Decreasedurineoutput

(C)Confusion

(D)Alloftheabove

______

12.Whenanurseisperformingaphysicalassessment,whichtermdescribeslisteningtotheheartsounds?

(A)Palpation

(B)Percussion

(C)Auscultation

(D)Inspection

______

13.Whichofthefollowingisakeycomponentofculturalcompetenceinnursing?

(A)Ignoringculturaldifferencestosavetime

(B)Assumingallpatientshavethesamehealthbeliefs

(C)Respectingdiverseculturalpractices

(D)Focusingonlyonmedicalaspectsofcare

______

14.Whatistherecommendedhandhygienetechniquebeforeandafterpatientcontact?

(A)Wipinghandswithacloth

(B)Usingalcohol-basedhandsanitizer

(C)Washinghandswithantibacterialsoaponly

(D)Rubbinghandstogetherunderarunningtap

______

15.Whichofthefollowingisapotentialcomplicationofimmobility?

(A)Weightgain

(B)Deepveinthrombosis

(C)Improvedcirculation

(D)Enhancedwoundhealing

______

16.Whatdoestheabbreviation“PO”standforinamedicationorder?

(A)Parenteral

(B)Peros(bymouth)

(C)Prolonged-release

(D)Postural

______

17.Whichofthefollowingisastandardprecautionforapatientwithtuberculosis?

(A)Allowingunlimitedvisitors

(B)Sharingutensilswithotherpatients

(C)Wearingamaskinpublicareas

(D)Eatinginthesamediningroomasothers

______

18.Whatisthetermfortheprocessofassessingapatient’sspiritualneeds?

(A)Biopsychosocialassessment

(B)Spiritualassessment

(C)Physicalexamination

(D)Nutritionalassessment

______

19.Whichofthefollowingisaprioritywhencaringforapatientwithastroke?

(A)Administeringsedativesimmediately

(B)Assessingneurologicalstatus

(C)Askingaboutthepatient’sinsurance

(D)Schedulingdischargeplanningearly

______

20.Whatisthemedicaltermforasudden,severeallergicreaction?

(A)Angioedema

(B)Anaphylaxis

(C)Allergicrhinitis

(D)Atopicdermatitis

______

二、多選題（共15分，多選、錯(cuò)選均不得分）

21.Whichofthefollowingarecommonsymptomsofdepressioninolderadults?

(A)Withdrawalfromsocialactivities

(B)Insomnia

(C)Increasedappetite

(D)Fatigue

(E)Excessive歡

______

22.Whatstepsshouldanursetakewhenadministeringintravenous(IV)fluids?

(A)Checkthepatient’sallergies

(B)EnsuretheIVlineispatent

(C)Monitorforadversereactions

(D)Adjusttheinfusionrateasneeded

(E)SkiptheinitialIVsiteassessment

______

23.Whichofthefollowingarecomponentsofadischargeteachingplanforapatientwithdiabetes?

(A)Bloodglucosemonitoringinstructions

(B)Medicationmanagementguidelines

(C)Dietaryrecommendations

(D)Footcaretips

(E)Ignoringstressmanagementtechniques

______

24.Whatarecommonrisksassociatedwithimmobility?

(A)Pressureulcers

(B)Muscleatrophy

(C)Decreasedcardiacoutput

(D)Improvedlungfunction

(E)Enhancedmobility

______

25.Whichofthefollowingarekeyelementsofaculturalassessmentinnursing?

(A)Religiousbeliefs

(B)Healthpractices

(C)Familyroles

(D)Communicationstyles

(E)Socioeconomicstatus

______

三、判斷題（共10分，每題0.5分）

26.Itisacceptableforanursetodelegatemedicationadministrationtoacertifiednursingassistant(CNA).

______

27.Apatient’sbloodpressureof120/80mmHgisclassifiedashypertension.

______

28.Physicalassessmenttechniquesincludeinspection,palpation,percussion,andauscultation.

______

29.Itisunnecessarytowashhandsbeforeandafterpatientcontactifglovesareworn.

______

30.Apatientwithadiagnosisofschizophreniamayexperiencehallucinationsordelusions.

______

31.Dehydrationismorecommoninelderlypatientsduetoreducedthirstsensation.

______

32.Asteriledressingshouldbechangedevery24hoursunlesssoiled.

______

33.Culturalcompetencerequiresnursestoadapttheircaretoallpatientpreferences.

______

34.Handhygienewithalcohol-basedsanitizerisaseffectiveaswashinghandswithsoapandwater.

______

35.Apatientwithastrokemayexperienceweaknessononesideofthebody.

______

四、填空題（共15分，每空1分）

36.Theprocessofassessingapatient’sphysicalandmentalhealthstatusiscalleda(n)______.

37.Apatientwitharespiratoryrateof30breathsperminuteisexperiencing______.

38.Themedicaltermforswellingduetofluidretentionis______.

39.Theabbreviation“BP”standsfor______.

40.Whencaringforapatientwithaterminalillness,______isanimportantaspectofholisticcare.

41.Theprimarygoalofpainmanagementistohelpthepatientachieve______pain.

42.Apatientwithdiabetesshouldmonitortheir______levelsregularly.

43.Thetermforasuddendropinbloodpressureis______.

44.Thenursingprocessincludesassessment,diagnosis,planning,implementation,and______.

45.Apatient’sdietaryneedsmaybeinfluencedbytheir______,religiousbeliefs,andmedicalconditions.

______

五、簡(jiǎn)答題（共30分）

46.Describethestepsanurseshouldtakewhenassessingapatient’spain.

______

47.Explaintheimportanceofculturalcompetenceinnursingpractice.

______

48.Whatarethreecommonsignsofdehydrationinelderlypatients?

______

49.Describetheroleofanurseindischargeplanning.

______

六、案例分析題（共10分）

50.CaseStudy:A68-year-oldpatientwithdiabetesisadmittedtothehospitalforafootinfection.Thepatientisfromaruralareaandhaslimitedknowledgeofself-care.Thenursenotesthatthepatientisreluctanttofollowtheprescribeddietandmedicationregimen.

(1)Whataretwopotentialchallengesthenursemayfaceinthissituation?

(2)Whatstrategiescanthenurseusetoimprovethepatient’sadherencetotreatment?

(3)Howcanthenurseaddressthepatient’sculturalandeducationalbarriers?

______

參考答案及解析

一、單選題（共20分）

1.B

解析：正確選項(xiàng)為B，因?yàn)樽o(hù)士應(yīng)提供準(zhǔn)確、及時(shí)的信息，幫助患者理解用藥指導(dǎo)。選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤，護(hù)士應(yīng)盡力解答患者疑問(wèn)；選項(xiàng)C和D錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)提供客觀、完整的用藥信息。

2.C

解析：正確選項(xiàng)為C，因?yàn)槿毖跹Y是指由于肺部氣體交換障礙導(dǎo)致血氧飽和度降低。選項(xiàng)A是高血壓，選項(xiàng)B是動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化，選項(xiàng)D是胸膜炎。

3.C

解析：正確選項(xiàng)為C，因?yàn)樯窠?jīng)系統(tǒng)負(fù)責(zé)調(diào)節(jié)體溫、心跳、呼吸等生理功能。選項(xiàng)A是消化系統(tǒng)，選項(xiàng)B是心血管系統(tǒng)，選項(xiàng)D是運(yùn)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)。

4.A

解析：正確選項(xiàng)為A，BP是血壓的常用縮寫。選項(xiàng)B是血紅蛋白，選項(xiàng)C是心率，選項(xiàng)D是視網(wǎng)膜檢查。

5.C

解析：正確選項(xiàng)為C，因?yàn)樵u(píng)估疼痛程度有助于制定合適的鎮(zhèn)痛方案。選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)積極處理疼痛；選項(xiàng)B錯(cuò)誤，護(hù)士應(yīng)主動(dòng)評(píng)估疼痛；選項(xiàng)D錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)采取綜合干預(yù)措施。

6.B

解析：正確選項(xiàng)為B，因?yàn)闀炟适侵竿蝗皇ヒ庾R(shí)。選項(xiàng)A是動(dòng)脈瘤，選項(xiàng)C是癲癇，選項(xiàng)D是心動(dòng)過(guò)速。

7.B

解析：正確選項(xiàng)為B，因?yàn)橥藷崴幠苡行Ь徑獍l(fā)熱癥狀。選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)降低室溫；選項(xiàng)C錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)補(bǔ)充液體；選項(xiàng)D錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)避免過(guò)度活動(dòng)。

8.C

解析：正確選項(xiàng)為C，因?yàn)镠IV陰性表示患者未感染HIV。選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤，接種疫苗后仍可能感染；選項(xiàng)B錯(cuò)誤，抗體陽(yáng)性不代表感染；選項(xiàng)D錯(cuò)誤，高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)行為不等于感染。

9.A

解析：正確選項(xiàng)為A，清潔傷口是首要步驟，可減少感染風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。選項(xiàng)B和C是后續(xù)步驟，選項(xiàng)D是評(píng)估步驟。

10.B

解析：正確選項(xiàng)為B，出院指導(dǎo)的目的是確保患者掌握居家護(hù)理知識(shí)。選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)縮短住院時(shí)間；選項(xiàng)C錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)減輕護(hù)士負(fù)擔(dān)；選項(xiàng)D錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)避免法律糾紛。

11.D

解析：正確選項(xiàng)為D，因?yàn)槔夏耆嗣撍赡鼙憩F(xiàn)為皮膚干燥、尿量減少、意識(shí)模糊。選項(xiàng)A、B、C均是脫水癥狀。

12.C

解析：正確選項(xiàng)為C，因?yàn)槁?tīng)診心音屬于聽(tīng)診技術(shù)。選項(xiàng)A是觸診，選項(xiàng)B是叩診，選項(xiàng)D是視診。

13.C

解析：正確選項(xiàng)為C，尊重文化差異是文化能力的關(guān)鍵。選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)積極溝通；選項(xiàng)B錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)個(gè)體化護(hù)理；選項(xiàng)D錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)全面評(píng)估。

14.B

解析：正確選項(xiàng)為B，酒精消毒手衛(wèi)生是推薦方法。選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤，布擦拭無(wú)效；選項(xiàng)C錯(cuò)誤，僅用肥皂不充分；選項(xiàng)D錯(cuò)誤，需干燥時(shí)間。

15.B

解析：正確選項(xiàng)為B，長(zhǎng)期臥床易導(dǎo)致深靜脈血栓形成。選項(xiàng)A、C、D是錯(cuò)誤說(shuō)法。

16.B

解析：正確選項(xiàng)為B，PO是“口服”的縮寫。選項(xiàng)A是“肌肉注射”，選項(xiàng)C是“緩釋劑”，選項(xiàng)D是“體位性”。

17.C

解析：正確選項(xiàng)為C，佩戴口罩可減少結(jié)核菌傳播。選項(xiàng)A、B、D均有傳播風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

18.B

解析：正確選項(xiàng)為B，精神評(píng)估是評(píng)估患者信仰和價(jià)值觀的過(guò)程。選項(xiàng)A是生物-心理-社會(huì)評(píng)估，選項(xiàng)C是體格檢查，選項(xiàng)D是營(yíng)養(yǎng)評(píng)估。

19.B

解析：正確選項(xiàng)為B，評(píng)估神經(jīng)功能是腦卒中護(hù)理的優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)先評(píng)估；選項(xiàng)C錯(cuò)誤，無(wú)關(guān)信息；選項(xiàng)D錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)先穩(wěn)定病情。

20.B

解析：正確選項(xiàng)為B，過(guò)敏性休克是嚴(yán)重的過(guò)敏反應(yīng)。選項(xiàng)A是血管性水腫，選項(xiàng)C是過(guò)敏性鼻炎，選項(xiàng)D是特應(yīng)性皮炎。

二、多選題（共15分，多選、錯(cuò)選均不得分）

21.A,B,D

解析：正確選項(xiàng)為A、B、D，因?yàn)檫@些是抑郁癥的常見(jiàn)癥狀。選項(xiàng)C錯(cuò)誤，抑郁癥常表現(xiàn)為食欲下降。

22.A,B,C,D

解析：正確選項(xiàng)為A、B、C、D，這些都是靜脈輸液的關(guān)鍵步驟。選項(xiàng)E錯(cuò)誤，需評(píng)估穿刺點(diǎn)。

23.A,B,C,D

解析：正確選項(xiàng)為A、B、C、D，這些都是糖尿病出院指導(dǎo)的內(nèi)容。選項(xiàng)E錯(cuò)誤，壓力管理也很重要。

24.A,B

解析：正確選項(xiàng)為A、B，長(zhǎng)期臥床易導(dǎo)致壓瘡和肌肉萎縮。選項(xiàng)C、D、E錯(cuò)誤。

25.A,B,C,D,E

解析：正確選項(xiàng)為A、B、C、D、E，這些都是文化評(píng)估的要素