感嘆句一、核心定義（是什么）【本質(zhì)】：用于表達強烈情感的句子，如喜悅、驚訝、贊嘆、憤怒等【常見標(biāo)志】：句末用感嘆號“!”，常搭配語氣詞（如“啊”“呀”，書面中可省略）例句：贊嘆：Whatabeautifulflower!（多美的花呀?。@訝：Howfastheruns!（他跑得真快啊?。┒纱蠛诵慕Y(jié)構(gòu)（怎么用）感嘆句主要由what和how引導(dǎo)，核心區(qū)別是修飾的成分不同，需重點區(qū)分。1.what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句（修飾“名詞”）【核心公式】：What+(a/an)+形容詞+名詞+(主語+謂語)!（括號內(nèi)成分可根據(jù)名詞類型省略，主語+謂語常省略，僅保留核心名詞短語）分情況示例：名詞類型公式例句單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞What+a/an+adj+名詞+(主語+謂語)！Whatalovelydog(itis)!（多可愛的狗?。。?fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞What+adj+名詞+(主語+謂語)！Whatdeliciouscakes(theyare)!（多美味的蛋糕啊?。┎豢蓴?shù)名詞What+adj+名詞+(主語+謂語)！Whatfineweather(itis)!（多好的天氣?。。娟P(guān)鍵提醒】：（1）單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前必須加a/an（形容詞以元音音素開頭用an，如aninterestingbook）（2）不可數(shù)名詞（如weather,water,news）和復(fù)數(shù)名詞前不加a/an【小試牛刀】1.______lovelygirlsheis!Everyonelikesher.A.WhataB.WhatC.HowaD.How2.______fineweatherwehavetoday!Let’sgoforawalk.A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa3.看,她買了條多么漂亮的裙子呀!（翻譯句子）Look,whatabeautifuldressshebought!2.how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句（修飾“形容詞/副詞/動詞”）【核心公式】：How+形容詞/副詞+(主語+謂語)!（修飾動詞時，結(jié)構(gòu)為“How+主語+動詞！”，此情況較少見）分情況示例：修飾成分公式例句形容詞How+adj+(主+謂)!Howhappysheis!（她多開心啊！）副詞How+adv+(主+謂)!Howslowlyhewalks!（他走得多慢?。。﹦釉~（少見）How+主+動詞！Howtheylaugh!（他們笑得真開心啊?。局斢洝繘]有howa/an這種結(jié)構(gòu)的?！咎厥庖谆旖Y(jié)構(gòu)】：當(dāng)名詞是“單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”時，how和what可轉(zhuǎn)換，但語序不同，需注意區(qū)別：What+a/an+adj+名詞！→Whatatalltreeitis!How+adj+a/an+名詞！→Howtallatreeitis!【小試牛刀】1.______fastheruns!Hemustwintherace.A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa2.______happythechildrenare!They’replayinggameshappily.A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa3.______deliciousthefoodtastes!Iwanttoeatmore.A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa4.（翻譯句子）多么開心的師生?。Howhappytheteachersandstudentsare!___________________________________________5.（翻譯句子）你的決定多么明智?。owsmartyourdecisionis!_________________________________三、高頻易錯點（避坑指南）what與how混淆（核心錯誤）錯誤：Howanicedayitis!（how修飾名詞，錯）正確：Whatanicedayitis!（what修飾名詞day）錯誤：Whatfastheruns!（what修飾副詞fast，錯）正確：Howfastheruns!（how修飾副詞fast）a/an的遺漏或誤用錯誤：Whatbeautifulgirlsheis!（單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞girl前缺a）正確：Whatabeautifulgirlsheis!錯誤：Whatanusefulbookitis!（useful以輔音音素開頭，用a）正確：Whatausefulbookitis!主謂倒裝或多余錯誤：Howhappyisshe!（賓語從句才用陳述語序，感嘆句主謂語序不變）正確：Howhappysheis!錯誤：Whatacutecatisit!（主謂語序錯誤）正確：Whatacutecatitis!（itis可省略，直接說Whatacutecat!）四、實戰(zhàn)解題技巧（怎么考）“找中心詞”判斷法（最實用）第一步：看句子中被修飾的“中心詞”是名詞還是形容詞/副詞第二步：中心詞是名詞→用what；是形容詞/副詞→用how例：______interestingstoryitis!（中心詞是story，名詞→用What，加a）→Whataninterestingstoryitis!【口訣記憶法】感嘆句，表情感，what和how放句前；what修飾名（詞），how副（詞）形（容詞）連；單數(shù)名詞a/an加，主謂省略很常見感嘆句式強化練習(xí)一、選擇題（每題4分，共40分）1.—Didyouwatchthefootballmatchlastnight?—Yes!______excitingmatchitwas!Ourteamwonatlast.A.WhataB.WhatanC.HowD.Howan2.Mycousinsaid______beautifultheWestLakeis！.Shewantstovisititagain.A.whatB.whataC.howD.howa3.______usefuladviceourEnglishteachergaveus!Ithelpswithourwriting.A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa4.—Lookatthephoto!______happythechildrenareinthepark!—Yes,they’reenjoyingthemselves.A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa5.Weallknow______hardworkingstudentstheyare！.Theynevergiveup.A.whatB.whataC.howD.howa6.______fasttimeflies!We’llgraduatefromjuniorhighsoon.A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa7.—Iheardyougotanewbike.—Yes!______nicebikeitis!Irideittoschooleveryday.A.WhataB.WhatC.HowD.Howa8.Thetourguidetoldus______interestingstoryabouttheoldtown.Wealllistenedcarefully.A.whataB.whatanC.howD.howan9.______importantitistolearnEnglishwell!Itopensmoredoorsforus.A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa10.____smartthedriverlesscaris!Ireallywanttohaveone.A.What B.Whata C.Whatan D.How11.—wonderfulfilm!Whydidn’tyougotoseethefilm?—BecauseIittwiceandIhadtoprepareformytests.A.Whata;see B.Howa;haveseen C.Howa;see D.WhatD.Whata;haveseen12.Thenextmorning,theytookthekitetotheparkandtestedit.“wow!”shecriedproudly,“___highmybutterflyflies!”A.WhatB.WhataC.WhatanD.HowD.How13.Agreatnumberofpeopletherereadaboutourprizeinabestsellingfoodmagazine,”saidPat.“Wehavehelpedcustomersfindoutaboutus.118greatnews!”A．What B．How C．Whata14.Recently,millionsofpeoplehavebeentouchedbyaTVshow,ALifelongJourney.Theydescribetheshowasatimemachinetotraveltothepast.!A．Howexcellentlyitis B．Whatexcellentshow C．Whatanexcellentshow15.______excitingnewsitis13D一printedhouseswilleout!A.WhatB.WhatanC．HowD.Howan16._____excitingthespeechabout“theBeltandRoad”（一路一帶）was!A.HowB.WhatC.Whatan17._______wonderfulthemusicis!What’sitsname?Victory. A.How B.Howa C.What D.Whata18.______useful

the

information

you've

provided

is!A.

What

aB.WhatC.What

anD.

How19._______differentlifeistoday!Yeah.Wearealllivingahappyandrichlifenow.WhataB.HowC.WhatD.Whatan20._____fineitistoday!Let’sgoforawalk.Thatsoundsgood.Let’sgo.A.WhatB.HowC.WhichD.Howan二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換（每空2分，共30分）1.Tomisabraveboy.（用what和how各改一句，且第二句含賓語從句“wethink”）→What__________________Tomis!→Wethink________________________is!2.Themusicsoundsverybeautiful.（用how改寫，且改為賓語從句“shesaid”）→Shesaid____________themusic______!3.Itisawonderfulvacation.（用what改寫，且改為過去時）→What__________________it______!4.Theyworkveryhard.（用how改寫）→How__________________!5.Thestorybookhasinterestingstories.（用what改寫，強調(diào)“故事”）→What__________________thestorybookhas!答案及解析一、選擇題答案B2.C3.A4.C5.A6.C7.A8.B9.C10.D11.D12.D13.A14.C15.A16.A17.A18.D19.A20.B二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換答案abraveboy；howbraveTom;howbeautiful；sounded;awonderfulvacation；washardtheywork;interestingstories詳細解析一、選擇題解析（聚焦“綜合場景”）1.B（Whatan）考點：what修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+元音音素開頭。中心詞“excitingmatch”（單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞），exciting元音音素開頭，用whatan；how修飾形容詞/副詞，排除C、D。2.C（how）考點：感嘆句作賓語從句+how修飾形容詞。從句中心詞“beautiful”（形容詞），用how；且賓語從句需陳述語序（howbeautifultheWestLakeis），what修飾名詞，排除A、B；how后不加a，排除D。3.A（What）考點：what修飾不可數(shù)名詞。中心詞“usefuladvice”（advice是不可數(shù)名詞），用what，不加a；how修飾形容詞/副詞，排除C、D；B加了a（不可數(shù)名詞無需a），排除。4.C（how）考點：how修飾形容詞。中心詞“happy”（形容詞），用how；what修飾名詞，排除A、B；how后不加a，排除D。5.A（What）考點：what修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞。中心詞“hardworkingstudents”（復(fù)數(shù)名詞），用what，不加a；how修飾形容詞/副詞，排除C、D；B加了a（復(fù)數(shù)無需a），排除。6.C（how）考點：how修飾副詞。中心詞“fast”（副詞，表“時間過得快”），用how；what修飾名詞，排除A、B；how后不加a，排除D。7.A（Whata）考點：what修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+輔音音素開頭。中心詞“nicebike”（單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞），nice輔音音素開頭，用whata；how修飾形容詞/副詞，排除C、D；B缺a，排除。8.B（Whatan）考點：感嘆句作賓語從句+what修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。從句中心詞“interestingstory”（單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞），interesting元音音素開頭，用whatan；how修飾形容詞/副詞，排除C、D；A用a（元音音素前需an），排除。9.C（how）考點：how修飾形容詞。中心詞“important”（形容詞），用how；what修飾名詞，排除A、B；how后不加a，排除D。二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換解析（結(jié)合“時態(tài)+賓語從句”）①what修飾單數(shù)名詞“boy”→whatabraveboy；②含賓語從句“wethink”，how修飾形容詞“brave”→wethinkhowbraveTomis（賓語從句保持陳述語序）。含賓語從句“shesaid”，主句過去時，從句“sounds”→“sounded”；how修飾形容詞“beautiful”→shesaidhowbeautifulthemusicsounded。改為過去時，“is”→“was”；what修飾單數(shù)名詞“vacation”→whatawonderfulvacationitwas。how修飾副詞“hard”→howhardtheywork（主謂保持陳述語序）。what修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞“stories”→whatinterestingstories（中心詞是“stories”，而非“storybook”）。祈使句【定義】：用來表達請求、命令、勸告等語氣。祈使句的謂語動詞沒有時態(tài)，數(shù)的變化。1.第二人稱作主語的祈使句：通常省略主語you，用動詞原形開頭。e.gGetupquickly,oryou’llbelateforschool.2.第一、三人稱作主語的祈使句：通常以let開頭，否定形式是在動詞原形前加not。e.gLet’shaveanothertry.Let’snotsayanythingaboutit.3.祈使句的否定形式：一般在句首加don’t，有時也可用never構(gòu)成。e.gNeverjudgeapersonbylooks.【典例1】—Jack,don'talwayscopywhatothersdo.________yourhead,please.—Thanksfortellingme.A.UsingB.UsedC.UsesD.Use【典例2】.____buyyourticketfromaticketmachine.Therearelotsofpeoplethere.A.NotB.NottoC.Don’tD.Don’tto【過關(guān)練】單項選擇1.TheTVistooloud.Please________.A.turnitdownB.toturnitdownC.turndownitD.toturndownit2._______lateagain,Bill!A.Don'ttobeB.Don'tbeC.NotbeD.Benot3._______crosstheroaduntilthetrafficlightsturngreen.A.NotB.Won'tC.Doesn'tD.Don't5.Kate,_______yourhomeworkheretomorrow.A.bringB.bringsC.tobringD.bringing6.________methetruth,orI'llbeangry.A.TellingB.TotellC.ToldD.Tell7.Tommy,________playbasketballinthestreetnexttime.Youmaygethitbyacar.A.doB.don'tC.mustD.mustn't8.________meane-mailbeforeyouetoHangzhou.I'llmeetyouattheairport.A.SendingB.TosendC.Sends D.Send9.Asweallknow,lifeisshortbutamazing.________it!A．EnjoyB．ToenjoyC．EnjoyingD．Enjoyed10.eattoomuchjunkfood.It’sbadforyourhealth.A.DoB.NotC.Don’tD.Doesn’t11.—Sorry,I’mlate.—tellmethebusbrokedownagain!A.NevertoB.NotC.Don’tD.No12.Doyouwanttobehealthy?________.Smilingcanhelpyoustayhealthy.A.SmileB.Smiling C.Tosmile D.Smiled語法選擇加強練1NiejiazhuangVillageinWeifangisfamousforcoloredclaysculpturehandicraft（泥塑手工藝）,whichdatesbacktotheMingDynasty.TheWeifanggovernmenthasencouragedlocalpeople31traditionalhandicraftandmakemoremoneytogetridofpoverty（脫貧）.NiePengis32youngvillagerinNiejiazhuang.Heiscrazyaboutclaysculpturehandicraft.Hebeganlearningitfromhisfather33hewasachild.Hehasledlotsofyoungcraftsmen（手藝人）inandnear34villagetomakecoloredclaysculptures.Andthehandicrafthasbeeanimportantwayforlocalpeopletoget35thanbefore.Thetigerisatypicalsubjectforcoloredclaysculptures.Nie36tolearntomakeclaytigersin2010,theYearoftheTiger.37first,theclaytigerswereallofthesamesmallsize.Nowtherearetigersofdifferentsizes.Guesshowtall38.Itisovertwometerstall!Thetigersusedtobecoloredpinkandgreen,butnowhavebeemorecolorful.39fasttheartformhasdevelopedovertheseyears!TodayNiecaresforthefutureofclaysculpturehandicraft.Hereallyhopesthatthesculpturehandicraft40downtothenextgeneration.31.()A.learning B.learn C.tolearn32.()A.a B.an C.the33.()A.since B.when C.before34.()A.his B.him C.himself35.()A.rich B.richer C.therichest36.()A.willstart B.started C.hasstarted37.()A.By B.On C.At38.()A.isthelargestoneB.thelargestoneis C.thelargestonewas39.()A.How B.What C.Whata40.()A.willpass B.waspassed C.willbepassedCABABBABAC2WhenIwasstudyingtheChineselanguageataschoolin