06人物神態(tài)情感表達技巧神態(tài)描寫概述神態(tài)描寫是對當前人物易發(fā)生變化的表象特點進行刻畫，如人物的神情、姿態(tài)等。相比外貌描寫而言，神態(tài)描寫是人物心理活動的一種外在表現(xiàn)形式，通過捕捉由人物的心理情緒波動而產(chǎn)生的面部表情的變化，更加直觀地展示人物的情感波動，以此反映人物的性格和情緒特征。1.典型的神態(tài)刻畫人物神態(tài)的出現(xiàn)和變化存在于特定環(huán)境和社會背景中，受到所處環(huán)境和周圍人物的影響神態(tài)是人物的心理活動以一種相對穩(wěn)定的形式進行具象化，不同身份地位、不同性格特點的人物，即使在同一背景中面對相同的事件或矛盾沖突，也會產(chǎn)生不同的心理活動反應，同時出現(xiàn)在人物面部表情上的變化也不盡相同。神態(tài)描寫應該選擇突出人物此時心理狀態(tài)和性格特點最貼近的面部表現(xiàn)進行刻畫，充分地對人物形象進行展示，使讀者能夠根據(jù)人物的神態(tài)判斷人物在事件中此時此刻的心理波動。抓住人物典型神態(tài)刻畫進行分析，挖掘其中包含的人物性格特質(zhì)，能夠幫助學生更深層次理解人物形象，思考人物神態(tài)描寫在人物形象塑造過程中的作用。2.捕捉面部表情細微變化面部變化往往承載著人物的心理變化，人物面部的變化或明顯或微妙。學生往往更加關(guān)注長段細致顯著的人物神態(tài)描寫，而容易忽略人物細微表情和短時間內(nèi)出現(xiàn)的細微變化，對細微神態(tài)中所表現(xiàn)出的人物心理狀態(tài)和性格特征也少有把握。3.綜合性神態(tài)描寫神態(tài)描寫法是一種綜合性的技巧。它往往與人物的動作、語言等等方面聯(lián)系起來，將處于特定情境中的人物的神情以更加具體的形式展現(xiàn)給讀者。人物神態(tài)的變化會同時伴隨著相應的語言和動作變化，神態(tài)、動作、語言相互交織，共同服務于一個整體、完全的人物形象塑造。例如人物在情緒激動時，會自然產(chǎn)生肢體動作，伴隨語氣加重、語調(diào)提高、語速加快，面部表情變化也會更加明顯。因此，作者在進行人物神態(tài)變化的描繪中，往往會將人物的動作和語言穿插進來，全方位地展現(xiàn)出人物的神情和姿態(tài)。人物神態(tài)的表現(xiàn)和變化往往透露著人物內(nèi)心的情感活動和精神狀態(tài)，心情愉悅時，人的神態(tài)自然神采奕奕，而當人物處于沉悶陰郁的狀態(tài)時，面部流露出的神態(tài)表情也能給予讀者感同身受的效果。人物情感描寫技巧情感表達基本詞匯贊同positiveadj.肯定的,實際的,積極的,,確實的favorableadj.贊成的,有利的,贊許的,良好的approvaln.贊成,承認,正式批準enthusiasmn.狂熱,熱心,積極性supportiveadj.支持的，支援的defensive為……而辯護否定negativeadj.否定的,消極的,負的,陰性的disapproval不贊成objection異議opposition反對critical批評的criticism批評批判disgustvi.令人厭惡,令人反感vt.使作嘔warningdetestationn.憎惡,厭惡的人,嫌惡indignation憤慨contemptn.輕視,輕蔑,恥辱,不尊敬compromisingn.妥協(xié),折衷v.妥協(xié),折衷worriedadj.悶悶不樂的,焦慮的懷疑suspicionn.猜疑,懷疑suspiciousadj.(～of)可疑的,懷疑的doubtdoubtfuladj.可疑的,不確的,疑心的questionpuzzlingadj.使迷惑的,使莫明其妙的客觀(即好的壞的都說，選的可能性極大)objectiveadj.客觀的neutraladj.中立的impartialadj.公平的,不偏不倚的disinterestedadj.無私的imprejudicedadj.沒有偏見的unbiasedadj.沒有偏見的unprejudicedadj.公平的,無偏見的,沒有成見的detached不含個人偏見的主觀subjectiveadj.主觀的,個人的indifferencen.不關(guān)心tolerancen.寬容，容忍，忍受pessimismn.悲觀,悲觀主義gloomyadj.黑暗的,陰沉的,令人沮喪的,陰郁的optimisticadj.樂觀的sensitive有感覺的,敏感[銳]的,易受傷害的scaredadj.恐懼的reservedadj.保留的,包租的consentvi.同意,贊成,答應n.同意,贊成,允諾radicaladj.激進的moderateadj.中等的,適度的,適中的v.緩和mildadj.溫和的,溫柔的,淡味的,輕微的,適度的ironicadj.說反話的,諷刺的confusedadj.困惑的,煩惱的amazedadj.吃驚的,驚奇的worriedconcernedadj.關(guān)心的,有關(guān)的apprehensiveadj.擔憂，擔心mixed喜憂參半biased有偏見的indignantadj.憤怒的,憤慨的積極objective客觀的concerned關(guān)注的confidentadj.自信的,確信的interestedadj.感興趣的,有成見的,有權(quán)益的optimisticadj.樂觀的positive正面的impressiveadj.給人深刻印象的,感人的中立/折中impartialadj.公平的,不偏不倚的neutral中立的impersonaladj.非個人的factualadj.事實的,實際的,根據(jù)事實的detached不含個人偏見的八不是解的選項（消極）negative消極的indifferent漠不關(guān)心的depressed消沉的subjective主觀的pessimistic悲觀的unconcerned不關(guān)心的contemptuousadj.輕蔑的,侮辱的hostileadj.敵對的,敵方的biased片面的二、情感表達基本句式喜1.

ontopoftheworld

Shefelt

ontopoftheworld

whenshepassedtheexam.

她通過這個考試時，開心死了。

2.haveawhaleofatime

度過一段精彩的時光”的意思，也就是“玩得開心”啦！Allthechildren

hadawhaleofatime

atthethemepark.

孩子們在主題公園都玩得都很開心。3.Shelaughed,hereyes

shiningwithexcitement.她笑了，眼里閃爍著興奮的光芒。4.Hesetoff

withalightheart.他帶著輕松的心情出發(fā)5．Thesmileonherfaceshonelikeadiamond.6.Sheshedtearsofjoy.她留下了高興的淚水。8.Joywelledupinsideher.9.Wildwithjoy,Icouldhardlyhidemyexcitement.10.Tearsofhappinessflowingdown,I…怒You’regettingonmynerves.你真讓我心煩。Heexplodedwithanger他勃然大怒That’sdisgusting.那真討厭。He

heldhisheadinhishands,greatlyannoyed.他雙手抱頭，十分生氣。Hestoodthere

withcrossedarms,lookingangry.他雙臂交叉站在那里，看起來很生氣。7.Heglaredatmewithburningeyes.他用通紅的眼睛怒視著我。哀1.Hercheeks

were

wetwithtears.她淚流滿面。2.Atear

sliddownhercheek.一滴淚順著她的臉頰滑落下來。3.Ifelttears

wellupinmyeyes.我感到淚水在眼里涌出來。4.Withaheavy/sinking/brokenheart,shewatchedhimgo.帶著沉重的心情，她看著他離去。Shefeltseizedbyaburstofsadnessandcouldn’thelpcryingbitterly.她突然感到一陣難過，忍不住哭了起來。7.IfeltlikeIamfloatinginanoceanofsadness.8.Thesedayshewasinlowspirits.9.Shesobbed,hidingherfaceinherhands.10.Hestoodsilently,tearsrollingdownhischeeks.緊張1.

havebutterfliesinstomach

形容“做某事前極度緊張，心里七上八下的”。Ialways

havebutterfliesinstomach

whenIspeakinfrontofmanypeople.

在很多人面前發(fā)言，我總是感到特別緊張。2.

biteone'snails

字面理解是“咬某人的手指甲”，引申義即為“感到緊張不安”。I'll

bebitingmynails

tillmyparentscomebacksafely.

直到我爸媽平安回來之前，我一直都會特別緊張。3.Myheart

wasinmymouthwhenIwalkedintoheroffice.我走進她的辦公室時，緊張得心都到了喉嚨口。4.Hewas

drumminghisfingersnervouslyonthearmofthechair.他用手指緊張的敲擊著椅子的扶手5.Herheartis

beating

fast.她的心跳得越來越快。懵1.

atsea

茫茫然不知所措Iwas

atsea

whentheystarteddiscussingthatproblem.

當他們開始討論那個問題的時候，我一臉懵。懼Thechildfeltfrightenedwhenhesawthebigfire.見到大火，那孩子感到恐懼。befrightenedofthedark害怕黑暗Shelookedterriblyscared.看樣子她很害怕。Fearcameoverhim.他感到一陣恐懼。Thinkingaboutthesituation,Itrembledwithfear/fright害怕得發(fā)抖Thereisnothingtobeafraidof.沒有什么可害怕的。Don’tbeafraidofmakingmistakeswhenyouarelearningaforeignlanguage.學說外語時不要害怕出錯。Herface

paled

withfright.她嚇得臉都白了。Hiseyes

grewwidewithhorroratwhatshehaddone.看到她所做的事，他驚恐地睜大了眼睛。9.Afloodoffearwelledupinhim.10.Fearfloodedoverhim.愁1.He

hadaslightfrown

onhisface.他的臉上現(xiàn)出有點兒愁眉不展的樣子。（frownn.皺眉；不悅）Therewasadeep

frown

ontheboy'sface.男孩緊皺著眉頭。3.Hesat

withhisheadinhishands.他雙手抱著坐著。羞愧1.Hefelthischeeks

burning

withshame.他因為羞愧而感到臉頰發(fā)燒。尷尬1.She

putherhandstohercheeksinembarrassment.窘迫之中她用雙手捂住了臉。害羞1.Colorfloodedtohercheekswhensherealizedshewasbeingwatched.意識到有人在看她，她頓時漲紅了臉。2.Hereyes

dropped

toherlapassheanswered.她回答時垂下眼睛看著膝蓋。吃驚1．Ourmouths

droppedopeninsurprise.我們驚奇地張大了嘴。2.Shefroze,

hermouthhangingopen.她呆住了，嘴張開著。3．Iwasamazedtofindherthere.發(fā)現(xiàn)她在那，我感到很吃驚

4.I

was

blown

away

by

this

song,

anditwas

the

highlight

of

the

night

for

me.我被這首歌徹底震驚了，那也是那一晚演唱會的一個亮點。5.

I

was

blown

away

when

I

heard

how

quickly

they

put

up

the

buildings.但是，當我聽說他們蓋這些樓的速度時，我還是震驚了。6.She

jumpedtoherfeet

whensheheardthenews.當他聽到這個消息，一下子跳了起來。同情Myheart

aches

whenIthinkoftheirsorrow.Myheartachesforhim.激動1.Herheartwas

pounding

withexcitement.(n.磅；英鎊vi.咚咚地走；怦怦地響)2.Herheartseemedto

miss/skipabeat.她的心似乎錯過了一拍.\她的心似乎顫動了一下。3.She

jumpedtoherfeet

whensheheardthenews.當他聽到這個消息，一下子跳了起來。4.Herosetohisfeet

onshakylegs.他顫抖著雙腿站了起來。感動Thosewordscanmakeyourheart

skipabeatandbringtearstoyoureyes.這些語言能讓的心為之一顫，甚至流淚。Shewasoverwhelminglymovedbywhathesaid.她對他說的話極為感動。（勢不可擋的；壓倒的；無法抗拒的）Withtearsstreamingdownherface,sheexpressedherheartfeltgratitude.內(nèi)疚與失望1.Mymindwasfloodedwithguilt2.Hisfacewaspaintedwithdisappointment..寫作策略實踐與強化1．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。There’saboynamedTomwhohadalargefamily,happilylivingwithhissisters,parentsandgrandmother.Hisgrandmotherlovedeveryonealotandwasrespectedbyallfamilymembers.Shewasveryold,yetsometimesshewouldrecallthingsfromherpastandsharewiththem.SometimestheywouldbelieveherbutatothertimestheywouldthinkthatGrannymightbemixingupthefactsduetoheroldage.Oneday,whenTomwasinschool,suddenlywhileknitting(編織),Grannyrememberedsomethingandshecouldn’tcontainheremotionssoshegotuptotellherson—Tom’sfather.Shewalkedasfastasshecouldtohisroomandsaid,“YoualwaysaskedaboutmybirthdatebutdoyouknowtodayisthedaywhenIwasborn.”Shelookedathersonwithanexcitedexpression,expectinganimmediateresponse.However,hersonwonderedhowshecouldrememberherdateofbirthinthisoldagewhensheforgotsomanyotherthings,sohedidn’tpaymuchattentiontothis.Disappointedatherson’sreaction,GrannythenwenttoTom’smotherandTom’ssister,butlikeTom’sfather,nobodybelievedher.Disheartened,shewentandsatintheterrace(陽臺).WhenTomreturnedfromhisschool,hefoundhisgrandmothersittingalonewithasadexpression.Tomaskedhisgrannyaboutthematter,butshesaidtherewasnothingtoworryabout.Afteralotofpersuasionshesaidwhatwastroublingher—nobodyseemedtocarethatitwasherbirthdaytoday!AfterhearingwhatGrannysaid,Tomthoughtofaplan.Purelybychance,someofTom’sfriendswereplayingnearbysohesharedhisplanwiththem.注意：1．續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150左右;2．請按如下格式在相應位置作答。Tom’sfriendswereallgladtohelphimwithhisplan.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Tom’sgrannywassohappy,withtearsofjoyshininginhereyes.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．閱讀下列材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩斷，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Jennywasafifthgrader.Shewasconsideredoneofthemostpopulargirlsinherclass.Shewasverypretty,butthatwasnotwhyshewasconsideredpopular.Shewaspopularbecauseshewasknowntobeamongthebrightestinherclass.Shecoulddothemostcartwheelsinarow,butmostly,shehadthetalenttodance.InFebruary,sheenteredtheschool’sdancecompetitionandwonthefirstplace.Herwholeclasswastheretosupporther.Sincethatday,shehadbeentheclassattraction.InDecember,theschoolwasholdinganotherdancecompetition,buttherehadbeenachangeinthecompetition.Thecompetitionhadtobedoneinpairs.Jenny’sclasswaslookinguptoherwithhighexpectationsofherwinningagainthisyear.Ontheotherhand,Jennywasunsureofthiscompetitionoutcome.Shewantedtoenterthecompetition,butshehadneverdancedwithapartnerbefore.Shedecidedtoasksomeoftheboysinherclasstoenterwithher.Theyallsaidnotoherbecausetheydidnotknowhowtodance.Jennywasbecominghesitantaboutjoining.Shefinallydecidedtoturntooneofherclosestfriends,Carl.JennyandCarlhadknowneachothersincethefirstgrade.Carlwasunwillingtojoinatfirstbecausehealsodidn’tknowhowtodance.Jennyinsisted.Heeventuallyagreedtojointhecompetition.Jennywashappyandrelieved.However,shewasstillworriedbecausesheknewherclasswascountingonhertowinthisyear’scompetition.Allsheneededwassometimeandpracticeinordertoincreaseherchancesofwinning.Thistime,itwasgoingtobemoreofachallengeconsideringthefactthatCarlwasnotagooddancer.Thecompetitionwasintwomonths,andonlytimecouldpredictherchancesofwinning.AfterselectingCarlasherpartner,Jennyneededtostartplanningforthedancecompetitionatherschool._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________JennyandCarlwentuptothestageandwerereadytoperform._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Myfatherisfunny,smart,hardworkingandloving.Hetaughtmetodrive,throwabaseball,andfish.Oneotherthingmydad’sgoodatisholdingabitofagrudge(怨恨).Formostofmyteenyears,hedidn’tspeaktohisyoungerbrother,althoughtheywereatmanyfamilyfunctionstogether.Iwasneversurewhymydadwassoangrywithmyuncleinthefirstplace.ButtheyspentmanyChristmases,ThanksgivingsandEasterSundaysseatedatoppositeendsofthetable.Itwassimplysomethingthatweallacceptedatthetime.WhenIwasnineteen,Igotacallinmycollegedormthatmydadwashavingseriousmedicalproblems.MymomandgrandmotherpickedmeupinthemiddleofthenightsoIcouldbetherethenextdaywhenhewasscheduledtotransfertoabetterhospital.Ididn’tsleepthatnight,notawink.Itossed,turnedandwasalmostcrazywhenwearrivedatthehospitalearlythenextmorningbeforethetransfer.Thatmorning,asmymomandIwalkeddownthehallwayofthehospital,wecouldseestraightintomydad’sroom.Atallmanwearingastylishsuitstoodovermyfather’sbedwithhisbacktous.Casually,mymomremarkedhowniceitwasforthedoctortocomebytoseemydadsoearlyinthemorning.Butthroughmysleeplessfog,somethingaboutthescenestruckmeasodd.Themanwithhisbacktouswasstandingveryquietlyandstill,lookingdown,buthewasholdingbothofmydad’shandsinhisown.Nottypicaldoctorbehavior.Istoppedcoldinmytracksandwhisperedsoftlytomymom,“That’snotadoctor.”Iknewrightawayitwasmyuncle.But,littledidIknow,Iwouldcontinuetoreflectonthatquietmomentfordecades.Anditwouldbethebeginningofsomethingtrulywonderful.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。Mydadhadhadabrainaneurysm(動脈瘤)andendedupinthehospitalforquiteawhile.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thankfully,mydadpulledthroughbeautifully.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案

Tom’sfriendswereallgladtohelphimwithhisplan.WithTomactingasthedirector,stagedesignerandhost,preparationforaperformancestagewassoonfinished.Afterwards,aseriesofeye-catchingperformances,rangingfromdancing,crosstalk,acrobaticsandmagictricksweregivenbyTom’sfriends.Bythistime,theaudiencehadexpandedfromgrannytothewholefamily,allofwhomgavethunderousapplausestothecarefullystagedshows.Towardstheend,ahugebannersaying“HappyBirthday,granny!”wasputuponthecentralstage,whichpushedthewarmandlovingatmospheretoitspeak.

Tom’sgrannywassohappy,withtearsofjoyshininginhereyes.“Forallmylife,Ihave…neverspent....mybirthdaywithsomany…relativesandlovelykids.Thankyou,Tomandallofyourkids.”Grannystammered,chokingupwithgratitudeandbliss.“Nevermind,granny!”Tomgrinned,knowingdeepdownthattherealreasonforgranny’stearswasnotthepartyitself,butlove,careandtrustfromherfamilymembers,whichshebelievedweregonewhentheyreactedindifferentlytoher‘made-up’birthday.【寫作指導】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了Tom的祖母年紀很大了，她經(jīng)常會回憶起過去的事情，并與家人分享。有一次祖母想起今天是她的生日，但家人們都不相信她，認為她記錯了。祖母很傷心，在Tom放學后知道了這件事后，決定和朋友們一起為她舉辦生日會。【解析】1.段落續(xù)寫：①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“Tom的朋友們都很高興，幫助他實施他的計劃?！笨芍?，第一段可描寫Tom和朋友們?yōu)槟棠虘c祝生日。②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“Tom的奶奶非常高興，眼睛里閃爍著喜悅的淚水。”可知，第二段可描寫奶奶感謝Tom和他的朋友們，Tom對這件事的感悟。2.續(xù)寫線索：一起實施計劃——為奶奶慶生——高興——表達感謝——感悟3.詞匯激活行為類①結(jié)束：finish/complete②熱烈鼓掌：givethunderousapplauses/applaudwildly③結(jié)結(jié)巴巴地說：stammer/falter情緒類①感謝某人：thanksb./showone’s

gratitudetosb./begratefulforsb.②冷漠地：indifferently/nonchalantly【亮點】[高分句型1]Bythistime,theaudiencehadexpandedfromgrannytothewholefamily,allofwhomgavethunderousapplausestothecarefullystagedshows.（運用了介詞+關(guān)系代詞whom引導的非限制性定語從句）[高分句型2]“Nevermind,granny!”Tomgrinned,knowingdeepdownthattherealreasonforgranny’stearswasnotthepartyitself,butlove,careandtrustfromherfamilymembers,whichshebelievedweregonewhentheyreactedindifferentlytoher‘made-up’birthday.（運用了that引導的賓語從句，which引導的非限制性定語從句和when引導的狀語從句）2．AfterselectingCarlasherpartner,Jennyneededtostartplanningforthedancecompetitionatherschool.Havingchosenthesongmostbeautifulforthem,theybegantolearndancing.Lackingrelevantskills,Carlfounditchallenging.However,itdidn’tdiscouragehim.Forthedurationofpractising,Jennyalwaystaughthimpatientlyandencouragedhimconsistently.Inanefforttogainthefirstplace,theywereabsorbedindancetraining,sometimesevenskippingmeals.Howtimeflew!Twomonthsslippedaway,andthecompetitionwasarriving.Itwasthelongbeforetheirturn.JennyandCarlwentuptothestageandwerereadytoperform.Uponhearingthemusic,

nervousandexcited,theytookadeepbreathandstarteddancing,wearingsweetsmilesontheirfaces.Intheend,theycompletedtheperformancefluentlyandperfectly.Themomenttheyfinisheddancing,applausesfilledthehall.Whatsurprisedthemwasthattheywerechampions.Nowordswereenoughtoconveythedelight.Allpicturesofpreviouspracticeflashedacrossthem.Itwastheirhardworkandperseverancethathelpedthemsucceed.【寫作指導】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了2月珍妮參加了學校的舞蹈比賽，并獲得了第一名，12月，學校又舉辦了一場舞蹈比賽，但比賽方式發(fā)生了變化。比賽必須兩人一組進行。于是她選擇和卡爾一起跳舞，最終兩人努力練習，贏得了比賽冠軍?！窘馕觥?.段落續(xù)寫：①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“選擇卡爾作為她的舞伴后，珍妮需要開始計劃學校的舞蹈比賽”可知，第一段可描寫卡爾和珍妮練習舞蹈的經(jīng)過。②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“珍妮和卡爾走上舞臺，準備表演”可知，第二段可描寫卡爾和珍妮比賽的經(jīng)過。2.續(xù)寫線索：計劃比賽——卡爾練舞——珍妮鼓勵——開始表演——贏得冠軍3.詞匯激活行為類①開始：begin/start②時間流逝：sl