12026屆新高考英語(yǔ)沖刺復(fù)習(xí)1)單數(shù)名詞/代詞與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一致(1)單數(shù)名詞/代詞在句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。這里的單數(shù)名詞包括單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。Herideaabouttheproblemisverynoveland

interesting.她對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題的觀點(diǎn)非常新穎有趣。(2)有些單數(shù)集體名詞為不可數(shù)名詞，如

furniture

，

equipment，merchandise

，baggage

，

machinery

，

clothing等，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Thefurnitureismadeof

woodandshouldbe

kept

away

from

fire.這些家具是木制的，應(yīng)該遠(yuǎn)離火。4.There______in

this

room.A.are

too

much

furniture

B.is

too

many

furnituresC.are

too

much

furnitures

D.

is

too

much

furniture(3)“many

a+單數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，這種結(jié)構(gòu)多用于正式文體。Manyastudenttakesawalk

on

campus

after

dinner.許多學(xué)生晚飯后在校園里散步。(4)“more

than

one+單數(shù)名詞”在意義上雖有復(fù)數(shù)概念，但做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)形式?！癿ore+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+

than

one”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Morethanonepersonisinvolvedin

this

case.不止一個(gè)人與這個(gè)案件有關(guān)。Morevisitorsthanonehavecomplainedabouttheweatherhere.不止一名游客抱怨過(guò)這里的天氣。(5)“a(n)+單數(shù)名詞+or

two”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。但“one

ortwo+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。A

student

or

two

has

failed

tile

exam.有一兩個(gè)學(xué)生考試不及格。One

or

two

students

have

failed

the

exam.有一兩個(gè)學(xué)生考試不及格。One

or

perhaps

more

pages_______.A.is

missing

B.has

been

missed

C.are

missing

D.was

missing2)復(fù)數(shù)名詞/代詞與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一致(1)常用作復(fù)數(shù)或只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。常見(jiàn)的這類(lèi)名詞有：

clothes,belongings(財(cái)務(wù)),

earnings(薪水，收入),savings(積蓄

，存款)

，surroundings(環(huán)境)

,

odds(可能性

，概率)

,remains(剩余物，殘留物)等。The

clothes

are

not

suitable

for

everyday

wear.這些衣服不適合日常穿。(2)表示雙數(shù)意義的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)

，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用復(fù)數(shù)形式

，如glasses

，scissors,

shoes,

socks,

gloves,

spectacles

(眼鏡),

trousers,jeans(牛仔褲),shorts(短褲)等。His

glasses

were

broken

by

his

son

last

night.昨天晚上他的眼鏡被他兒子弄壞了。3)并列主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一致(1)由

and

或

both...

and.連接兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式。但如果并列主語(yǔ)指的是同一個(gè)人、物、概念或一個(gè)不可分割的整體時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。常見(jiàn)的這類(lèi)短語(yǔ)由：bread

and

butter(抹上黃油的面包)

,

a

watch

andchain(一塊帶鏈的表),law

and

order(社會(huì)秩序),a

knife

and

fork(一副刀叉),

a

cup

and

saucer(一套杯碟)等。9.Both

rice

and

wheat_____grown

in

our

country.A.is

B.

are

C.was

D.were▲

(2)由

as

well

as,along

with,together

with,

as

much

as,

with,

including,followedby,inadditionto,like,unlike,

except,

but,

besides,

no

less

than,ratherthan,

accompanied

by,instead

of,more

than等連接的并列主語(yǔ)在意義上更強(qiáng)調(diào)前面的主語(yǔ)。根據(jù)“語(yǔ)法一致”的原則，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式通常與前面主語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)保持一致。The

girl,together

with

her

classmates,has

gone

to

plant

trees.那個(gè)女孩兒和她的同班同學(xué)一起去植樹(shù)了。Amy,together

with

her

brothers,____a

warm

welcome

when

returning

tothevillagelastweek.A.is

given

B.are

given

C.

was

given

D.

were

givenC(3)當(dāng)

and

所連接的作主語(yǔ)的單數(shù)名詞由

each

，

every

，

no等修飾時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Each

book

and(each)magazine

has

to

be

returned

on

time.每一本書(shū)和雜志都必須按時(shí)歸還。Every

door

and(every)window

has

to

be

repaired

for

another

sale每扇門(mén)和每扇窗都必須修葺，以便二次銷(xiāo)售。Every

possible

means____to

prevent

the

air

pollution,but

the

sky

is

stillnot

clear.A.use

B.are

usedC.has

been

used

D.have

been

usedC4)其他▲(1)不定式(短語(yǔ))

、動(dòng)名詞(短語(yǔ))

、“疑問(wèn)詞/

whether+to

do”作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)形式。從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)形式；但若主句為系表結(jié)構(gòu)，主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)通常由作表語(yǔ)的名詞或代詞決定。注意，當(dāng)and連接兩個(gè)并列的結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，若表示單一概念，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式；若表示兩個(gè)不同的概念，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Readingandwritingareveryimportantduringprimary

school.在小學(xué)階段，讀和寫(xiě)非常重要。(2)“分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)+of+名詞/代詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與

of后面名詞或代詞的數(shù)保持一致。Twothirdsofthefoodhasbeensenttothat

area.三分之二的食物已經(jīng)被送拄那個(gè)地區(qū)了。Eighty-fivepercentof

thestudentsinour

school

aregirls.我們學(xué)校85%的學(xué)生都是女生。Seventy-five

percent

of

the

earth’s

surface______with

water.A.is

covered

B.is

covering

C.were

covered

D.

are

covered▲

(3)“a

number

of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞/代詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；而“the

number

of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞/代詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。A

number

of

children

are

playing

in

the

park.一些孩子正在公園里玩耍。The

number

of

students

in

this

school

is

rather

small.

這個(gè)學(xué)校的學(xué)生數(shù)量

很少。As

is

mentioned

above,the

number

of

the

students

in

high

school____.A.is

increasing

B.are

increasingC.increase

D.have

increasedA(4)“a

quantity

of/a

lot

of/

lots

of/

plenty

of+不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常與名詞的數(shù)保持一致。但“quantities

of+不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。A

vast

quantity

of

beer

was

sold

yesterday.昨天賣(mài)出了大量的啤酒。(5)“a

great(good)deal

of/a

larger

amount

of/

a

bit

of+不可數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Agooddealof

moneyhasbeenspent

onthisproject.在這個(gè)工程上已經(jīng)花了很多錢(qián)。(6)“分類(lèi)詞+

of+名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與分類(lèi)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式保持一致。常用的分類(lèi)詞由：

sort,

kind,

form,

piece,

portion,

series,species,section,type等。This

kind

of

competition

is

not

what

we

want.這種競(jìng)爭(zhēng)并不是我們想要的?！?7)在“one

of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語(yǔ)從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，從句一般是修飾可數(shù)名詞的，所以從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式；

而當(dāng)

one

of之前有

the

，

theonly

，

themere

，

thevery等修飾時(shí)，從句一般是修飾單數(shù)名詞的，所以從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。Jeff

isoneof

the

journalistswhowereawardedaprizeatthattime.杰夫是當(dāng)時(shí)獲獎(jiǎng)的新聞?dòng)浾咧?。Kevinistheonlyone

of

the

studentsthat

____agoodcommandof

publicspeakingskillsin

his

class.A.had

B.have

C.hasD.have

hadC(8)在倒裝句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式應(yīng)與其后的主語(yǔ)保持一致。Underthesebooksisanotebookwhereshehaswrittenalot

of

her

experiences.這些書(shū)下面是一個(gè)筆記本，在上面她寫(xiě)了許多經(jīng)歷。Hereistheletteryouhavebeenlookingforwardto.這就是你一直期待的那封信。2.就近原則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于最靠近它的主語(yǔ)(主要指名詞或代詞)的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式，這種一致關(guān)系所依據(jù)的原則叫做“就近原則”。(1)“名詞/代詞+or+名詞/代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式應(yīng)與or后的名詞/代詞一致。YouorMaryistobesent

to

solve

theproblem.要么你，要么瑪麗要被派去解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。(2)“either+名詞/代詞+or+名詞/代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式應(yīng)與or后的名詞/代詞一致。EitherIortheyareresponsiblefortheresultof

the

matter.要么是我，要么是他們要對(duì)那件事的結(jié)果負(fù)責(zé)。(3)“neither+名詞/代詞+nor+名詞/代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),

謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式應(yīng)與nor后的名詞/代詞一致。Neitherthemothernorthechildrenknowanythingaboutthismatter.關(guān)于這件事，母親和孩子們什么都不知道?！?4)“not

only+名詞/代詞+but(also)+名詞/代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式應(yīng)與

but(also)后的名詞/代詞一致。NotonlyIbutalsoTomandMary

arewillingto

do

volunteerwork.不僅我，而且湯姆和瑪麗也都愿意做志愿工作。Not

only

you

but

also

I______able

to

help

him

out.A.are

B.

is

C.

am

D.wereNot

only

hard

work

but

also

a

good

plan____to

your

final

success.A.were

contributed

B.was

contributedC.am

contributed

D.

contributesD(5)在

There

be句型中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式應(yīng)與離其最近的主語(yǔ)保持一致。Thereisapen,twoknivesandseveralbooks

on

the

table.桌子上有一支鋼筆、兩把刀和幾本書(shū)。Therearesomestudents

and

a

teacher

overthere.那邊有一些學(xué)生和一位老師。1)單數(shù)名詞與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一致單數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，從語(yǔ)法意義上講，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。但有時(shí)作主語(yǔ)的單數(shù)名詞表示復(fù)數(shù)含義，這時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，以達(dá)到意義一致。有些集體名詞

，

即所謂的“群體名詞

”

，如army

,

class

,

committee

,

company,crowd,

couple

,

group,party,population,

team

,public

,

family

,faculty,audience,staff等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式取決于主語(yǔ)的意義。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)表示整體概念時(shí)視其為單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；當(dāng)主語(yǔ)表示集體中的個(gè)體成員時(shí)視其為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。有些有生命的集體名詞

，如youth

(青年

，年輕人)

,

police

,

people

(

人們)

,

cattle

,folk,personnel(全體人員)等，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。The

committee______over

the

problem

among

themselves

for

two

hours.A.has

argued

B.has

been

arguing

C.have

argued

D.

have

been

arguingIttookmorethantwohoursbeforethecrowdwasfullydispersed.用了兩個(gè)多小時(shí)才把人群完全驅(qū)散。Thepolicearelookingintotheaccidentthathappenedyesterday.警察正在調(diào)查昨天發(fā)生的那起事故。2)復(fù)數(shù)名詞與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一致(1)有一些名詞雖是復(fù)數(shù)形式，但實(shí)際上用作單數(shù)，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。The

bad

news

is

that

only

thirteenpercent

ofpeople

got

the

salary

theydeserved.壞消息是只有13%的人得到了他們應(yīng)得的薪水。(2)表示“時(shí)間、距離、金額、重量”等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，若表示整體概念，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Tenyearsis

justamomentinhistory.10年在歷史上只是一瞬間。(3)以-ics結(jié)尾表學(xué)科等的名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般要求謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。常

見(jiàn)

的這類(lèi)名詞有

：

phy

s

i