第三節(jié)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語(yǔ)氣

考點(diǎn)一情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

1.情念動(dòng)詞的類型

(1)只作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的有：mustxcan/could、may/might?oughtto

(2)可作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞也可作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的有：need、dare

情態(tài)

(3)可作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞也可作助動(dòng)詞的有：shall/should、will/would

動(dòng)詞

(4)具有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的某些特征的有：havc/hadto、usedto

2.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法

表示能力,一般意為“能?會(huì)”

can表示許可。

can的過(guò)去式,意為“能,會(huì)表示過(guò)去的能力。

也叫在轉(zhuǎn)問(wèn)句中，表示委婉請(qǐng)求的語(yǔ)氣，此時(shí)could沒(méi)有過(guò)去式的意思.

表示請(qǐng)求、許可。

may|表示希里、祈求、祝愿,意為“祝愿丁通常是用“may+sb/sth+動(dòng)詞原形”

表示主觀看法，意為“必須”。

mus(musl開(kāi)頭的鍵問(wèn)句.行定回答為musl,否定Pl答為“neednT'或"don'lhaveI?！?/p>

［否定形式musin'l表示"禁止，不許”。

表示需要，主要用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。

否定形式為ne式n'l,意為“不必”，

need用need提問(wèn)時(shí)，肯定回答為must,否定回答為needn't或don'lhaveto

還可以作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞.此時(shí)有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化，

作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，多用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句或條件句中。

兇巨_|作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞.此時(shí)有人稱、數(shù)及時(shí)態(tài)的變化;

表示征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)(多用于第一、三人稱的疑問(wèn)句中)。

其叫用于二、三人稱的陳述句表示帶有警告、命令;要求二允諾等感情色彩“

should意為“應(yīng)該也可表示勸告、建議、義務(wù)、責(zé)任等c

will表示意愿、意志、打算，可用于多種人稱。

表示推測(cè)，意為“可能”，常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中,此時(shí)can't意為“不可能”。

could表示推測(cè)時(shí).語(yǔ)氣比can弱j?

can/could,?can/cou|(jhavedonesth”表示推測(cè)過(guò)去時(shí)間,11可能發(fā)生過(guò)的事情”

表示推測(cè)，談?wù)摽赡苄?，意為“可能，或許”,一般用于肯定句中。might表示

推測(cè)時(shí)不是may的過(guò)去式，只是我示其可能性較小。

may/n】ighl{"may/mighthavedoneslh”表示推溜過(guò)去時(shí)間里可能發(fā)生過(guò)的事情、

musl可以表示有把握的推測(cè)，意為“一定，仃定“，用于肯定句。

must“musihavedones(h"表示對(duì)過(guò)去時(shí)間里可能發(fā)生過(guò)的事情的推測(cè),iff氣較

強(qiáng).意為“肯定/一定做過(guò)某事”。

should表示推測(cè)的可能性比較大.表示有依據(jù)或有前提的推測(cè)，僅比musl的

可能性小一點(diǎn)，意為“按i兌應(yīng)該……”。

should**should/ought(ohavedonesth"表示本應(yīng)該做某事，而事實(shí)上并沒(méi)有做否定

一句表示不該做某貨而做fc

3.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特殊用法

(l)can/could的否定式與比較級(jí)連用表示最高級(jí)。

(2)can/could的否定式與enough或too(much)連用表示“再...也不為過(guò)“。

(3)must可表示“偏要，硬要”，常用于疑問(wèn)句或條件狀語(yǔ)從句中。

⑷may/mighlaswell表示“最好;不妨

(5)woukl可表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣，與usedt。相比,前者常表示過(guò)去反復(fù)的動(dòng)作，后者常表示過(guò)去的狀態(tài)或

習(xí)慣現(xiàn)在已不復(fù)存在。

(6)should有時(shí)表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)某事感到意外、驚奇，意為“竟然會(huì)

考點(diǎn)二虛擬語(yǔ)氣

1.if條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣

類型從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式主句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式

動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式(be的過(guò)去式

與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反should/would/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形

用were)

與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反had+過(guò)去分詞should/would/could/might+have+過(guò)去分詞

should/wereto+動(dòng)詞原形;動(dòng)

與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反should/would/could/might+S)詞原形

詞的過(guò)去式

IamsorryIamverybusyrightnow.If1hadtime,Iwouldcertainlygotothemovieswithyou.我彳R抱歉

我現(xiàn)在很忙。如果有時(shí)間，我肯定陪你去看電影了。

Ifwehadn'tmadeadequatepreparations,theconferencewouldn'thavebeensosuccessful.如果我們不做

充分的準(zhǔn)備，會(huì)議是不會(huì)開(kāi)得這么成功的。

Ifitrainedtomorrow,wewouldcancelthepicnic.

如果明天下雨，我們會(huì)取消野餐。

2.名詞性從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣

⑴在"Itis+important/ncccssary/natural/strangc/

essential/vital/apity+that..句型中，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“(should+)動(dòng)詞原形”。

It'svitalthatwe(should)takeoursafetydrivingalongtheroadseriously.

重視道路安全駕駛是至關(guān)重要的。

含蓄虛擬條件句

1.有時(shí)假設(shè)的情況不用條件句表達(dá),而是用butfor、without等介詞(短語(yǔ))來(lái)表示。

Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldhavefailedtheexamlastweek.

沒(méi)有你的幫助，我上周的考試就失敗了。

2.用連詞otherwise、?！傅劝凳竞笪呐c前面的情況相反，從而引出后文的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。

I'mreallyverybusy,otherwise1wouldcertainlygotherewithyou.

我真的是太忙了,不然我就會(huì)同你一道去了。

現(xiàn)達(dá)標(biāo)檢測(cè)

I.用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

1.Everylanguageisworthyofrespectandshouldbetreatedequally.(2025?八省聯(lián)考)

2.TheAsianWinterGamesshouldbeused(use)asalinktopromotecooperationandcommon

developmentamongAsiancountries.(2025?山東實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)高三三模)

3.Theyintroduced“multi-levelvillas,,whereanimalsbelongingtothesameecologicalzonebutnot

occupyingthebaseofthefoodchaincanbehoused(house)together,basedontheirecologicaland

geographicaldistribution.(2025?濟(jì)寧高三二模)

4.Shedidnotknowwhatpursuingdancewouldbringher,butonlytookonthechallengewithherfull

passionandlovefordance.

5.Maybelatertheydon'twantitandmaynevercomebacktotheshop.

6.Theincomewouldbeshared(share)betweentheplatform,Wangandthequestionraiser.

7.Typically,thesealsarecarvedintostone,buttheycanalsobemade(make)ofwood,bamboo,orbone.

8.Butheaddedthatevenminorgeneticchangesmay/mighthaveseriousconsequences.

9.Healsotookmanyothermeasures,hopingthatsuchattemptswouldstopdestroyingtheenvironment.

10.IfIhadn'ttakenyouradvice,Iwouldnolmanage(nolmanage)locarryouttheprojectnow.

H.語(yǔ)法與寫作

Litwasthisuniqueexperiencethatmademeunderstandwhateverdifficultywearefacedwith,we

mustn'tgiveupourhope.

正是這種獨(dú)特的經(jīng)歷使我理解了無(wú)論我們面臨什么困難，我們都不能放棄我們的希望。

2.Everytimewementionedthefunnyincidentsofthejourney.apleasantsmilewouldspreadoverMom^

face.

每次我們提到旅途中的趣事時(shí),媽媽的臉上都會(huì)露出愉快的笑容。

3.Throughalltheseunexpectedthings.iteventuallydawnedonherthathonestyhasnoclassandshe

shouldrespecleveryoneregardlessoftheirfinancialandsocialslatus.

通過(guò)這些意想不到的事情，她終于明白了誠(chéng)實(shí)是沒(méi)有等級(jí)的，她應(yīng)該尊重每個(gè)人，不管他們的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀

況和社會(huì)地位如何。

4.1demandeitheranewpairofblacksize9shoesbesenttomeimmediatelyorIshouldbegivenafull

refund.

我要求要么立即給我寄送一雙新的黑色9號(hào)鞋,要么給我全額退款。

5.Withoutyourselflessdevotion,wecouldn'thavemadesuchgreatprogress.

沒(méi)有您無(wú)私的奉獻(xiàn)，我們不可能取得這么大的進(jìn)步。

III.語(yǔ)篇提能練

Rainorshine,Tomisalwaysthefirsttoarriveattheoffice.Hishome1.mustbeverynearthe

office,orhe2.can,tbealwaysintimeforwork.HowIwishthatI3.lived(live)closetowork,sothatI

4.neednotgetupsoearlyeveryday.Yesterday,forexample,15.wouldhavearrived(arrive)intimefor

workasusualif1hadn'tbeencaughtinatrafficjam.ThebosswassoangrywithmethathedemandedI

6.shouldarriveatworkearlyenoughlateron,sayingthatshouldIbecaughtbeinglateagain,he7.would

punish(punish)me.

I8.muststopdoingeverythingandgotobednow.Anyhow,it'stimethatI9.went/shouldgo(go)l。

slccp;andIhopeIIQ.canarriveatworkontimetomorrow.ltwillbebadtobecaughtarrivinglateagain.

現(xiàn)綜合演練

層級(jí)一模擬達(dá)標(biāo)練

1.Combiningpiecesofwoodtogether,using(use)nothingmorethanthewooditself,isabasicskillofall

carpenters(木匠)inancientChina.(2025?蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市高三二模)

2.0nafour-daytriptoDunhuanginlateApriI,Santoso,togetherwithotherforeignstudents.mostlyfrom

nationsalongtheSilkRoad,was(be)onaculturaljourneytoexplorethedesertlandscape.(2025?湖北部

分學(xué)校高三三模)

3.0vertheyears,thearchitecthashelped(help)renovatearound20householdsinMutianyu.(2025?湖北

七市州教科研協(xié)作體高三二模)

4.Ihebronze(青￡同)exhibitsfromtheXia,ShangandZhoudynastiesdisplayed(display)insidethe

NMC'sAncientChinaexhibitionhalloftenleadvisitorstobeimpressed(impress)byancientChinese

civilization.(2025?蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市高三二模)

5.Nowadays,theChinesepaintinghasbecomeincreasinglyattractiveacrosstheworld,enjoying(enjoy)

greatpopularityathomeandabroad.(2025?泰州高三二模)

6.Theyoungmansaidhewaslaught(teach)alittlebitabouttheSilkRoadinhismiddleschoolhistory

class.(2025?湖北部分學(xué)校高三三模)

7.Dehuawhiteporcelainhassold(sell)likehotcakesathomeandabroadsincetheSongDynasty(960-

1279).(2025?懷化高三三模)

8.However,theseriesneverintendstopursue(pursue)afaithfulrecreationoftheTangDynasty.(2025X

連高三二模)

9.WhilewanderingaroundaSwedishChristmasmarket,youUllikelycomeacrossboothsselling(sell)

carvedwoodenhorses.(2025?遼寧高三三模)

lO.TraditionalBeijinginstantboiledmuttonhasnomouthwateringhotpotsoupbasejustplainwaterwith

somescallionandginger(蔥和姜)slicesadded(add).(2025?山東部分學(xué)校高三4月聯(lián)合調(diào)考)

層級(jí)二高考真題練

1.Further,theSilkRouteGardenaroundthegreenhousewalks(walk)visitorsthroughajourney

influencedbytheancientSilkRoad.(2024?新課標(biāo)I卷)

2.TangandShakespearewerecontemporariesandbothdied(die)in1616.(2024?新課標(biāo)II卷)

3.0verthelasttwoyears,somesupermarketshavestarted(start)sellingchickenorsalad.(2024?浙江I月

卷)

4.Thesesepalsopenonwarmdayslogive(give)theinsideplantssunshineandfreshair.(2024?新課標(biāo)I

卷)

5.VisitorswalkingthroughtheBirthplaceGardenwereoftenamazedtofind(find)theconnectionbetween

thetwogreatwriters.(2024?新課標(biāo)H卷)

6.Whatshouldbedone(do)withsuchabeautifulplace?(2024?全國(guó)甲卷)

7.Justthen,somekidsranathim,knocking(knock)hisbooksoutofhisarms.(2()24d匕京卷)

8.Astatuecommemorating(cnmmemorate)ShakespeareandTangwasputupatShakespeare'sBirthplace

Gardenin2017.(2024?新課標(biāo)II卷)

9.Thegardenalsocontainsawindingpaththatguides(guide)visitorsthroughthetwelveregionsofthe

SilkRoad.(2024?新課標(biāo)I卷)

10.Althoughparksofallsizesandtypesexistatanylevel,thenationalparks,inparticular,tendtocatch

(catch)ourattentionbecauseoftheirlargesizeandvariety.(2024?全國(guó)甲卷)

層級(jí)三語(yǔ)篇提能練

I.(locate)inthenorthwestofHunanProvince,Zhangjiajie,2.

(cover)atotalareaof9,563squarekilometers,isatouristcityforitsuniquenaturalsceneryandabundant

tourismresources.Zhangjiajie3.(award)thetitleof"WorldGeologicalPark”in2004.

Actually,Zhangjiajie,4.(honor)as“themostfantasticmountainunderheaven"and"a

walkingChineselandscapepaintingM,isalsowidelypraisedas“anenlargedpottedlandscaping”-mini

fairyland"and"amaze(迷宮)ofnature”,5.

(attract)agrowingnumberoftouristsathomeandabroad.

Sinceitwasdiscoveredinthe1980s,tourismindustry6.(become)theleading

industryinZhangjiajie,whichhasstimulatedthedevelopmentofotherindustries7.(relate)

totourism.Atthesametime.eco-tourism8.(develop)rapidlyinZhangjiajie.When

youcometoZhangjiajie,youcanfullyappreciateitsmagnificentnaturalsceneryandexperience

appealingfolkcustomaswellasotherthrillingtouristactivities,andyou9.(impress)by

whatisperformedbytheminoritiesthere.

It10.beanexciting,joyfuland