專題01.詞匯理解突破策略

*，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，，?另、

詞匯是閱讀理解的基礎(chǔ)，若遇到生詞便停滯，會(huì)嚴(yán)重影響閱讀節(jié)奏與理解效率。核心策略圍繞“猜

詞”“詞匯關(guān)聯(lián)”與“熟詞解碼”展開(kāi)——不僅能應(yīng)對(duì)陌生詞匯，更能破解“熟悉單詞的陌生含義”這一

高考高頻陷阱，無(wú)需依賴詞典也能精準(zhǔn)把握詞義。

突破策略操

（一）語(yǔ)境猜詞法

通過(guò)生詞前后的定義解釋、舉例說(shuō)明或邏輯關(guān)系（因果、轉(zhuǎn)折、對(duì)比、并列）推斷詞義，是最直接的

現(xiàn)場(chǎng)突破方法。在實(shí)際閱讀中，作者常通過(guò)顯性或隱性的線索再助讀者理解關(guān)鍵信息，需要我們敏銳捕捉

語(yǔ)言信號(hào)。

1.定義/解釋線索

關(guān)注“thatisfe"called”等標(biāo)志詞或破折號(hào)、同位語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)。此類線索如同為生詞設(shè)置的“注釋窗口”,

直接揭示核心含義。

【舉例】"Hisjobisageologist,ascientistwhostudiesrocksandtlieEarth'sstructure.''

【分析】同位語(yǔ)“ascientistwho...”明確界定“geologist”的職業(yè)屬性，可推斷為“地質(zhì)學(xué)家此處同位

語(yǔ)以解釋性短語(yǔ)的形式,將抽象職業(yè);M象化,若遇到“Sheisanornithologist,aspecialistinbirdbiology”,

同樣可通過(guò)同位語(yǔ)判斷"ornithologist"為“鳥(niǎo)類學(xué)家”。

2.舉例線索

借助“suchas"“forexampUncluding”等詞后的具體實(shí)例反推詞義。這些實(shí)例往往是生詞概念的具象

化呈現(xiàn)，通過(guò)共性歸納可快速鎖定詞義。

【舉例】"Thestoresellsvariousstationery,suchaspens,notebooksandstaplers.”

【分析】“pens（鋼筆）”“nuicbouks（筆記本）”等實(shí)例均屬辦公學(xué)習(xí)用品，可判斷“slalkmcry”為“文具

當(dāng)出現(xiàn)"Themuseumdisplaysancientartifacts,likepottery,jadecarvings,andbronzevessels”時(shí)，通過(guò)列舉的

陶器、玉器、青銅器，可推斷“artifacts”指"手工藝品；文物Z

3.邏輯關(guān)系線索

利用因果（because/lherefore）、轉(zhuǎn)折（but/however）等關(guān)系推導(dǎo)。邏輯連詞如同語(yǔ)義的“導(dǎo)航儀”，能

幫助讀者在句子間建立關(guān)聯(lián)。

［舉例］“Shefeltdrowsybecauseshestayeduplatelastnlght.^^

【分析】“stayeduplate（熬夜）”是原因，結(jié)合因果邏輯可推斷“drowsy”意為“困倦的”。若遇到“Despite

hisaffluence,helivesasimple“despite”提示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，通過(guò)“simplelifeM反向推測(cè)“affluence”為

“富?！?。

（二）詞根詞綴法

利用詞根（核心含義）、前綴（改變?cè)~義）、后綴（改變?cè)~性）拆解生詞，可快速關(guān)聯(lián)已知詞匯，擴(kuò)

大“猜詞半徑”。英語(yǔ)中80%以上的單詞都可通過(guò)詞根詞綴解構(gòu)，掌握常見(jiàn)詞索能顯著提升詞匯解碼效率。

常見(jiàn)詞根：“port”（攜帶）、“graph”（書(shū)寫(xiě)）、“l(fā)ogy”（學(xué)科），如同詞匯的“基因片段”，承教核心語(yǔ)義。

常見(jiàn)前綴：“re-"（重復(fù)/再次）、“anti-"（反對(duì)）、“pre-”（提前），用于修飾詞根，改變?cè)~匯方向或程

度，

常見(jiàn)后綴："-tion”（名詞后綴）、“-able”（可…的）、“?ize”（動(dòng)詞后綴）,主要用于轉(zhuǎn)換詞性。

【舉例1】transport

【分析】前綴“trans，（跨越）+詞根“port”（攜帶）一跨越距離攜帶物品，即“運(yùn)輸”。類似地，“export”

（ex-向外+port）意為“出口”，“import”（im-向內(nèi)+port）意為“進(jìn)口”。

【舉例2】unpredictable

【分析】前綴“un-”（否定）+詞根“predict”（預(yù)測(cè)）+后綴“-able”（可…的）一不可預(yù)測(cè)的。如“incredible”

（in-否定+cred相信+-ible）表示“難以置信的“，詞綴組合形成完整語(yǔ)義鏈。

（三）同義/反義關(guān)聯(lián)法

關(guān)注文中與生詞呼應(yīng)的同義詞（替換表達(dá)）或反義詞（對(duì)比表達(dá)），通過(guò)已知詞義推導(dǎo)未知詞義。作

者為避免重復(fù)或強(qiáng)化對(duì)比，常使用平行結(jié)構(gòu)或邏輯連詞構(gòu)建語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)。

1.同義關(guān)聯(lián)

尋找上下文的平行替換表述,此類替換可能是近義詞、上義詞或下義詞，需結(jié)合語(yǔ)境判斷具體含義。

［舉例］“Theteamachievedvictoiyinthefinal.Theirsuccessmadethewholeschoolproud.”

【分析】“success（成功）"與"victory”形成同義呼應(yīng)，可判斷其意為"勝利在uThepoliticiandelivered

aniinpaclfu15alicHI,H叩ccchihiUrcsunalcdwilhihcaudience”中，^uralioii''通過(guò)同位語(yǔ)“aspeech”明確為

“演講”。

2.反義關(guān)聯(lián)

抓住“but”“however”“onthecontrary”“not”等轉(zhuǎn)折/否定詞。這些信號(hào)詞如同語(yǔ)義的“急轉(zhuǎn)彎”，幫助

讀者建立對(duì)立概念。

［舉例】“Unlikehistalkativebrother,heisreticent.^^

【分析】“unlike”提示對(duì)比關(guān)系，“talkative（健談的）”的反義可推斷“reticent”為“沉默寡言的當(dāng)出

現(xiàn)“Theregionexperiencesaridsummers,contrastingsharplywithitshumidwinters”時(shí)，通過(guò)"humid”反推

“arid”為“干旱的”。

（四）熟詞生義解碼法

高考中70%以上的詞匯障礙并非完全生詞，而是“熟悉單詞的陌生含義”。需結(jié)合語(yǔ)境破解”?詞多

義”陷阱。熟詞生義往往與特定場(chǎng)景或搭配緊密相關(guān)，需建立“詞匯-語(yǔ)境”映射思維。試舉例如下：

I.address

常見(jiàn)義：地址（n.）

生義：演講（n.）；處理（v.）

［舉例］“Themayorwilladdressthepubliconenvironmentalprotection.

【分析】結(jié)合“public（公眾）,,uenvironmcntalprotection（環(huán)保）”的語(yǔ)境，"address”此處為“演講在

uWcmustaddresstherootcausesoftheproblcm,,中，根據(jù)"problem”搭配可判斷“address"意為"處理

2.covcr

常見(jiàn)義：覆蓋（V.）

生義：報(bào)道（v.）；涉及（V.）

【舉例】4*ThejournalistcoveredtheOlympicGamesforhisnewspaper.”

【分析】“journalist（記者）”"newspaper（報(bào)紙）”提示職業(yè)場(chǎng)景，“cover”此處為“報(bào)道若遇到“This

bookcoversawiderangeofhistoricalevents,,?根據(jù)"book”與“events”的關(guān)系，川-推斷“cover”表示“涉

及”“

3.condition

常見(jiàn)義：狀況（n.）

生義：疾?。╪.）

［舉例】“ThedoctortreatedhisheartconditionsuccessfuHy.”

【分析】“doctor（醫(yī)生）'"'heart（心臟）”指向醫(yī)療場(chǎng)景，“condition”此處為"疾病在"Hesuffersfrom

arareskinuondilioir中，同樣可通過(guò)醫(yī)學(xué)語(yǔ)境判斷“csidilkm''的特殊含義。

應(yīng)用指南

（一）詞匯題“搜索代入”三步法

針對(duì)高考“詞義推斷題”（如“ThewordXX，probablymeans..."）,可按以下步驟操作:

L定位原文

首先利用題十關(guān)鍵詞（如段落序號(hào)、人名、數(shù)字等）快速鎖定詞匯所在段落。找到生詞出現(xiàn)的句子后,

Imaginediningatyourfavoriterestaurant,sealedat(hebesttable—nexttoawindowwithgreatviews.1(

isniceandquiet,butthejoyexperiencedduringthefirsthourfadesovertime.Thereason?Habituation.That's

ourbrain'stendencytorespondlessandlesstothingsthatareconstant,thatdon'tchange.Brieflymovingtoa

noisierareacanbringaboutdishabituation,makingtheluxuryofyourwindowseatfeelfreshandmore

appreciatedwhenyoureturn.

Foranotherexample,considervacations.AfewyearsagoTali,anemployeeinatravelcompany,wentona

worktriptoasunnyresort(度假村)intheDominicanRepublic.Shewonderedifpeoplehadabettertimeatthe

startoftheirtrips.Sheinterviewedpeopleworldwideandaskedthemtoraletheirfeelingsthroughouttheir

holidaysinthesurvey.Thedatarevealedthatjoypeaked43hoursin.Attheendofdaytwowaswhentheywere

happiest.Thereafteritwasalldownliill.

Evenwhentheyreturnedhome,manystillbenefitedfromawarmholidayafterglow(回味).Butwithina

week,theyadjustedtonormallife,makingithardtodetectanyvacationeffectontheirmood.Thisevidence

suggeststhatyoumightbenefitmostfromseveralsmalltripsspreadthroughtheyear,ratherthanonelongescape.

Thatway,youwillexperiencethepleasuremoreoften.

Wha(aboutunpleasantexpsriences?Shouldyoudividethoseuptoo?Mostpeoplewanttobear(he

unpleasantnessbitbybit.Whenresearchersaskedpeoplewhethertheywouldlikeabreakfromabadsmellorjust

bearitallatonceandbedonewithit,90peoplesaid,“Breaks,please!”.Thevastmajority—82outof119—also

saidtheywantedabreakfromanannoyingnoise.However,thisisincorrect.Breaksinterruptedtheirnatural

habituationtotheunwelcomestimulus.Forunpleasanttasks,it'swisernottochopthemup.Otherwise,whenyou

return,thingsseemworse.

Theresultsofpsychologicalexperimentsareclear,however,andbeingmindfulofhabituation'spowerful

effectcouldhelpusallexperienceabitlesspainandalittlemorepleasure.

I.Howdoestheauthorintroducetheconceptofhabituation?

A.Bygivingavividexample.B.Bylistingspecificnumbers.

C.Byillustratingcauseandeffect.D.Byprovidingatheoreticalmodel.

2.WhatdoesTali'ssurveyshow?

A.Theratingsofvacation.B.Theinfluenceofvacation.

C.Thereasonsforhappiness.D.Thepeaktimeofhappiness.

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“chopthemup”inParagraph4mean?

A.Mixthemtogether.B.Completethemquickly.

C.Postponethemuntillater.D.Dividethemintosmallerparts.

4.Whichofthefollowingwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?

A.Freshweekendtrips.B.Aregularwalkingroute.

C.Breaksfromcleaningthetoilet.D.Frequenttastingofadeliciousdish.

2

Psychologicalavoidance（心理回避）oravoidingemotions,acommonwaytogetawayfrompainfuland

uncomfortablethoughts,feelingsorsituations,canharmtheemotionalhealthandpersonalgrowthofhighschool

freshmen.Actually,psychologicalavoidancecanleadtoincreasedlevelsofanxietyandstress.Avoidingfearsand

worriesonlyallowsthemtogrowstronger.

Byavoidingchallengingsituations,itpreventsstudentsfromdevelopingimportantskills,imitingtheir

opportunitiesforself-discoveryandimprovement.ThefamousauthorJ.K.Rowlingoncesaid,“Itisimpossibleto

livewithoutfailingatsomething,unlessyoulivesocarefullythatyoumightaswellnothavelivedatall,^^

Psychologicalavoidancedirectlyaffectshowwellstudentsdointheirstudies.Freshmenwhoturnto

avoidancewillalwaysprocrastinate,orevenmissdeadlines（最后期限）.Byavoidingthenecessaryeffortsand

tasksrequiredforlearning,studentsmaystruggletogaininformation,reducingtheopportunity（osucceedin

grades.

Psychologicalavoidancecanalsocausestressordiscomforttorelationships.Highschoolstudentsmay

avoiddiscussingtheirfeelingswithfriendsorfamilymembers,leadingtomisunderstandingsandabreakdownin

communication.Insteadofdealingwiththeiremotions,theyholdbackorhidethemselves.Studentsmissouton

lliccliaiiucludeepenihciicoiincclionswithfriends,familyandpeers,makingilhaidurfuillicinluIbnnhuallliy

relationships.

Psychologicalavoidancemayprovidecomfortforashortperiod,butinthelongrunitcanhavenegative

influencesonourmentalhealth,personalgrowth,schoolperformance,relationshipsandotheraspectsoflife.

Breakingfreefromavoidancebehaviorsisimportantforschoolsuccessandself-confidence,andrecognizingthe

harmfuleffectsofavoidanceisthefirststep.

i.J.K.Rowlingmightagreethatbyavoidingchallengingsituations,.

A.wecandiscoverourdeepthoughtsandfeelingsB.wemissoutonvaluablelearningexperiences

C.wecanavoidfailingatsomethingmoreeasilyD.wehaveopportunitiestoavoidfearsandworries

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“procraslinate”inParagraph3probablymean?

A.Focusonothers.B.Getawayfromreality.

C.Missoutonchances.D.Putofftasks.

3.Howdoespsychologicalavoidanceaffectstudents'abilitytofbnnhealthyrelationships?

A.Itfullystopstheirconnectionswithothers.B.Itleadstodifficultdiscussionswithstrangers.

C.Iteasilymakesthemfailtomakenewfriends.D.Itcausesthemtoavoidfurthercommunication.

4.Whatwillthefollowingparagraphprobablytalkabout?

A.Theharmfuleffectsofpsychologicalavoidance.

B.Theformsofpsychologicalavoidancebehaviors.

C.Thestrategiesofovercomingpsychologicalavoidance.

D.Thedifficultyofbreakingfreefromavoidancebehaviors.

3

ArecentstudybyNYUAbuDhabirevealsthatspacerays,high-energyparticles（粒子）fromspace,may

generatetheenergynecessarytosupportundergroundlifeonplanetsandmoonsinoursolarsystem.This

discoverychallengesthelong-heldbeliefthatlifecanonlylivenearsunlightorvolcanicheat.

Theresearch,publishedintheInternationalJournalofAstrobiologyandledbyDimitraAtri.showsthat

spaceraysarcnotalwaysharmful.Infact,theycanhelpmicroscopiclife（微生物）survive.Whenspacerayshit

undergroundwaterorice,theybreakwatermolecules（分子）apart,releasingelectrons（電子）.OnEarth,some

bacteriacanusetheseelectronsforenergy,justasplantsusesunlight.Thisprocess,calledradiolysis（輻射分解）,

cansustainlifeindarkandcoldplaceswithoutsunlight.

Usingcomputers,theresearchersexploredhowmuchenergythisprocesscouldgenerateonMarsandthe

icyiiiuonsofJupiterandSaturn.Thesemouiisarcliiouglilluhavehiddenwaterbcncalhllicirihiukicclayers.The

studyfoundthatSaturn'smoonEnceladushasthegreatestpotentialtosupportlifethroughradiolysis,followedby

MarsandJupiter'smoonEuropa.

“Thisdiscoverychangesthewaywethinkaboutwherelifemightexist,“saidAtri."Insteadoflookingonly

forwarmplanetswithsunlight,wecannowconsiderplacesthatarecoldanddark,aslongastheyhavesome

waterbeneaththesurfaceandareexposedtospacerays.Lifemightbeabletosurviveinmoreplacesthanweever

imagined.”

Thestudyalsointroduces(heconceptofiheRadiolyticHabitableZone,whichisdifferentfromthe

traditional<kGoldilocksZone''.Sincespaceraysarewidespreadinspace,theremaybemanymorelife-supporting

placesintheuniverse.

Thefindingsprovidenewguidanceforfuturespacemissions.Insteadofonlylookingforsignsoflifeon

thesurface,scientistsmightalsoexploreundergroundenvironmentsonMarsandtheicymoons,usingtoolsthat

candetectchemicalenergycreatedbyspaceradiation.Thisresearchopensupexcitingnewpossibilitiesinthe

searchfbrlifebeyondEarthandsuggests(hateventhecoldestanddarkestcornersofthesolarsystemcould

harborlife.

I.WhatcommonsensedoestheNYUstudymainlychallenge?

A.Spacerayshavecausedgreatharm.B.Lifemerelydependsonsolarenergy.

C.Alienlifereallyexistsonotherplanets.D.Volcanicheatisneededonicymoons.

2.Howdoesradiolysishelpsustainlife?

A.Bygeneratinglightneededbylife.B.Byreflectingsunlighttowaterbelowicylayers.

C.Byseparatingwatermoleculestofreeelectrons.D.Bymakingdarkandfrozenareaswarmer.

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“harbor“inthelastparagraphmean?

A.Control,B.Hide.C.Extend.D.Transform.

4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.SpaceRaysProvideEnergyforHiddenLife.B.IcyMoorsHoldMoreWaterThanMars.

C.VolcanicHeatIsNoLongerNeededforLife.D.GoldilocksZoneIsRedefinedbySunlight.

4

Quick:what'syourbestfriend'sphonenumber?Don'tfeelbadifyoucouldn'tansweroffthetopofyour

head.Youhavenoreasontocommitphonenumberstomemory:it'sjustthereinyourphone.Orperhapsyouonce

hadaphonebooktostorethem.Ineithercase,anobjectdoestherememberingforyou.

“Piublheliciiiciiiuiy”(A-Eiil,IZ.)isnutliingnew.Wii(ingitselfhasbeenanicmibufsluiingiiifunnatioii.

Yettheinformationrevolutionhasgeneratedmoredatathaneverbefore.Wcarcfloodedwithinformation.Wc'rc

creatingmoreofit,andkeepingmoreofit.Thestoragecapacityofthehumanbrainhassincebeeneclipsed.No

wonder,then,thatwe'reincreasinglydependentonmemoryprostheses,fromlibrariestosmartphones.

Noteveryonethinksthistrendinexternalmemoryisgood.Historically,memoryprostheseswereexpensive.

Astechnologiessuchasprintingandphotographybecomemoreaffordable,sharingexperienceswithothersis

easierthanever.Soeverybreakfast,everysunset,eveiyencounterwithacatfindsitswayontosocialmedia.And

herecomes(heworry.Whenwedevoteourselvestocapturingandsharingtheworldinthisway,something

immenselyvaluableislost;whenrecordingsomuchofourlives,we'reforgettingtoactuallylivethem,andso

disconnectourselvesfromexperience.

Butisoursocialmedia-driventransformationwhollybad?Ifwc'rcstillcreatingandsharingmemorieslike

this,perhapsthisisbecausewc'vcnothadsufficienttimetolearnhowtodothesethingswithoutthinkingabout

whatwe'redoing.Itiseasytoignorethatthemasssocialmediaeraislessthanadecadeold.That'sjustashort

blink(眨眼)inhumanhistory,yetithastotallychangedhowwclive.Isuspectwc'rcnotfarofffrombeing

directlyfacedwithexperienceyetwiththeabilitytoshareexperienceinwayslessboundedbygeographyand

time.Afterall,technologycanprotectall(hemomentsofalifethatwouldotherwisebelost.

I.WhatcanbeinferredfromparagraphI?

A.Technologyweakensourbrains.B.Weareburdenedwithphonenumbers.

C.Werelymoreontoolstomemorize.D.Technologydistancesusfromourfriends.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eclipsed"inparagraph2mean?

A.Improved.B.Undervalued.C.Restricted.D.Outperformed.

3.Whatnegativeeffectdoesonlinesharingbringabout?

A.Anoverflowofposts.B.Highcostofdigitaldevices.

C.Addictiontothevirtualworld.D.Disregardforauthenticexperience.

4.Whatdoestheauthoradviseustodointhelastparagraph?

A.Havefaithinhumanbrains.B.Taketimetoadapttodigitalage.

C.Quickenthepaceofdevelcpmcnt.D.Makeeffortstoenhancememory.

5

Canadaisexperiencingitssecondworstwildfireseasononrecord,accordingtogovernmentdata,with

almost4,000firesrecordedalreadythiscalendaryear.

SmokecomingacrosstheborderhasaflcclcdairqualityinseveralU.S.slates.Thisweekend,airqualily

reachedconcerninglevelsacrossWisconsin,andMinnesota.PartsofIllinoisandIndianaarcalsounderairquality

alerts.PeopleinNewYork,Vermont,andMainearealsobeingadvisedtolimitoutdooractivityduetopollution

from(hesmoke.

NationalWeatherServiceLeadForecasterBobOravec(oldNPRthatthecurrentwindpatternsareonce

againdrivingthespreadofpollutedairintotheU.S.fromCanada.;tAirismovingatalllevelsandalotoftimes

it'llmoveinthesamedirectionthroughthewholedepthoftheatmosphere,sothesmokeisrisingintothewinds

andthewindsjusttransportitdownstream,likeanything—likealeafgettingblown,"Oravecexplained.

OnFriday,Minnesota'sPollutionControlAgencyextendeditsstatewideairqualityalertuntilnoonon

Monday,August4th.MinnesotaPublicRadioreportsthestateiscurrentlyunderitslongestairqualityalertsince

theMinnesotaPollutionControlAgencybeganissuingalertsin2008.Thealertisexpectedtolastsevendaysin

total.Earlierthisweekend,theagencyreporteditexpectedtheairqualityindex(AQI)toreachthemostsevere

levelof“red"fbrallofthestate,whichisconsideredunhealthyfbreveryone.

Inastatement,thePollutionControlAgencywarnedthatevenhealthypeoplemayexperiencesymptoms

suchasirritatedeyes,coughing,orshortnessofbreath.Otherscouldfeelmoreseriousimpacts,theagencysaid.

("Sensitiveormoreexposedindividualsmayexperiencemoreserioushealtheffects,includingworseningof

existinglungdiseaseandrespiratoryandcardiovascularconditions,possiblyleadingtoanasthmaattack,heart

attack,orstroke/'accordingtothePollutionControlAgencystatement.

CanadianInteragencyForestFireCentrereportedthatmorethan700activefireswereburningacross

CanadaonSunday,mostlyinthesouthernprovinceofManitoba,directlytothenorthofMinnesota.Theagency

saysmorethan500areburningoulofcontrol.ThousandsofCanadianshavehadtoevacuatetheirhomesto

escapethefires.

I.WhatmakestheU.S.continuetobeaffectedbyCanadianwildfiresmoke?

A.Canadahassloppedmanagingthewildfires.

B.U.S.stateslackmeasurestoreducepollution.

C.Thewildfiresareexpectedtoincreaseinsize.

D.Windpatternsconsistentlydrivesmokesouthward.

2.Whichofthefollowingistrue?

A.MinnesotaPublicRadiofirstissuedairqualityalertsin2008.

B.TheU.S.hadneverexperiencedanyairqualityissuesbefore.

C.Thelungcslalci(inMimicsulubcfoic2025wassliuilciIlianaweek.

D.Minnesota'sPollutionControlAgencylimitedalertstoruralareas.

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“respiratoryandcardiovascularccnditions”inparagraph5mean?

A.Airwayandbrainsystems.

B.Digestionandnervesystems.

C.Eyeandmuscle-bonesystems.

D.Breathingandheart-bloodvesselsystems.

4.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.WindPatternsAretheKeyFactorinWildfireSmokeSpread

B.SmokefromCanadianWildfiresImpactsU.S.AirQuality

C.HealthAlertsIssued:HowtoProtectAgainstWildfireSmoke

D.Canada'sWildfires:History-MakingSeasonHitsRecordHigh

6

Inthedigitalera,wheresocialmediafloodswithendlesssharing,26-year-oldillustratorLinafrom

Hangzhoustandsasastrikingexample.SheregularlypostsartworksandtravelphotosonInstagrambutseldom

repliestocommentsorjoinsinprivateconversations.lovesharingcolourfulmomentsofmylife,yetbuilding

deepconnectionswithstrangersfeelsemotionallytired'',sheadmits.Lina,sattituderepresentsagrowingtrend

amongtoday,syouth:lightsocializing,apatternthatprioritizesself-expressionoveralotofemotional

connectionsontheInternet.

SociologistMinLiobservesthatsocialmedia,onceanimportantcentrefbrdevelopingrelationships,has

changedintoa“sei/showcase”platfbnnfbrtheyoungergeneration.Insteadoflookingfbractiveinteractions,

theysharecontentlikescenicphotosordailyroutines,withlittleexpectationofothers'comments.Actionssuchas

casuallyunfollowing,blockingstrangersorusing24-hourdisappearingpostsshowtheirwishtoavoid

burdensome“emotionallabor"fromshallowonlineties.Thischangecomesfromtheirdesiretorunawayfrom

greatpressurebroughtbyemptydigitalinteractions.

Whilecriticsconsiderlightsocializingasasignof“emotionalcoldness”,itactuallyreflectsathoughtful

adaptation.PsychologistLuChenargues(hatbyapplying(hisapproach,youngpeopleregaincontrolovertheir

onlinespace—sharingfreelywithouttheanxietyofmeetingothers5expectations.Evensocialplatformshave

developedtomeetthisneed:manynowoffer“silentmodes"，suchashiddeninteractionrecordsandone-way

postingfeatures,showingthewidespreadacceptanceoflightsocializing.

Inaworldcloselyboundbydigitalcuiinculioiis,lightsuuializingstrikesadelicatebalancebetween

self-expressionandprivacyprotection.It'snotaboutturningtheirbacksonpeople,butaboutlookingfbra

healthierandmoreindependentwaytobeonline.Thistrendshowstheyoungergeneration'smaturity(成熟)in

safeguarding(heirmentalwell-being,representingaforward-lookingandthoughtfulapproachtomodernsocial

interactions.

I.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prioritizes“inparagraph1probablymean?

A.Largelyignores.B.Greatlychanges.C.Wiselyavoids.D.Valuesmore.

2.WhatdoesMinLithinksocialmediahasbecomeforyoungpeoplenow?

A.Atooltolookforinformation.B.Acenterfordeeprelationships.

C.Aplatformforpersonaldisplay.D.Aspacetoeasenegativefeelings.

3.Whatcanbeinferredabout"lightsocializing''?

A.Itbalancesexpressionandsafety.

B.Itrequiresstrongsocialability.

C.Itrelicsmainlyonplatforms'settings.

D.Itmakesyoungpeopleemotionallycold.

4.Whatcanbeasuitabletideforthetext?

A.KeepSilentModeOnB.Keep(heDigitalDistance

C.SocialMedia:FreeSelf-ExpressionD.EmotionalColdness:OnlineLife'sSecret

7

Thestatusofthecoversonghasshape-shiftedthroughoutpop-musichistory.Inthe1950s,itbarelyeven

neededaname:1(wasjust(heroutinewayofdoingbusiness.Duringtherockera,coversbecamesuspectas

inauthentic,unlessanartist“madethesongtheirown”.Withtheriseofhip-hop,coversweredisplacedby

samplingandremixes,butthensamplesthemselvesbecamemoreconcealedandlayered,forreasonsofbothart

andcopyright.Sincethebeginningofthiscentury,thepracticehasmigratedtoYouTube,whereconcertclipsor

homevideosmightshowofftheskillsofamateursandprosalike.Youmightalsolooktothesongsthatwere

coveredontheTVhitsandsingingcompetitionshows.There*senoughcausetobelievethatthecoversongasa

categoryisregainingstatusintherriusicbusiness.

Coversongsofferadvantagesinvariousways.Asadrawtoliveshows,forinstance,surprisingcoverscan

addexcitementtoasetlist—andthencanbecomeviralvideoclipsonYouTube.Coveringanearliersongcan

alsobeagambleforanewartistorafadedmidcareeronetoattractnotice.Ifyousearchforafamoussongona

majorsliearningservice,you,ielikelytofindalotofcoversbyseemingnonentities(無(wú)足輕重的人)attempting

togamethealgorithmforclicks—adigitalrevivaloftheearlyrecordbusiness'spracticeof“covering”the

marketplacewithcheapcopiesforquickprofit.

Thenotionofcoverversionshasalwaysbeenappealingtome.1(makesmeimagineaparallelworldwhere

songsarechatteringamongthemselves,droppingaroundeachother'splacesfbravisit,exchangingsharpremarks

andgentlesecrets.Coverscansewdistantsoundworldstogetheracrossgenresorserveasactsofcriticism,

revealingaspectsoftheoriginalsthattheirmakersmightneverhavesuspected.

1.Whatisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?

A.Thedifferencesofcoversongsinvariousstages.

B.Thechangingstatusofcoversongsinpophistory.

C.Thedefinitionofcoversongsindifferentperiods.

D.Thereasonswhycoversongshavegainedpopularity

2.Whatcanweinferaboutthefutureofcoversongsfromparagrapli1?

A.Theywilldisappearaship-hopdevelops.B.Theywilltaketheplaceoforiginalsongs.

C.Theymaygrowmoreinfluentialinmusic.D.TheywillonlybepopularonYouTubeandTV.

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“gamethealgorithm"probablymean?

A.Tofollow(herulesofthealgorithmstrictly.B.lbcreatenewalgorithmsforstreamingservices.

C.Tomakeuseofthealgorithm(ogetmoreclicksD.Toignorethealgorithmandfocusonmusicquality.

4.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?

A.Toexplainhowtomakeagoodcoversong.

B.Topresentcoversongs'developmentandsignificance

C.Tocomparecoversongswithsamplingandremixes.

D.Toargue(hatcoversongsarebetter(hanoriginalsongs.

8

ArtificialintelligencetoolslikeChatGPTandMidjourncyhavebecomewellknownforcreatingtextand

visualsaccordingtoourdirectcommands.Nextup:reconstructingourthoughts.

InastudypublishedinMay2023inNatureNeuroscience,ateamofresearchersfromtheUniversityof

TexasatAustinshowedthatanAldecoder(解碼器)couldtranslatethewordspeopleheardwhilelisteningto

podcasts(播客)andtheimagespeoplesawwhilewatchingsilentmovies.Matchingspecificpatternsofbrain

activitytospecificphrases,theAIwastrainedonthreepeopleastheyconsumed16hoursofstoiytelling.From

thallearning,theicuhnologycoulddecodeihcthoughlsofS