高中英語閱讀理解(社會文化)技巧閱讀訓練策略及練習題(含答案)及解析一、高中英語閱讀理解社會文化類1．閱讀理解TheatersofthePast

TheGreekTheater

TheatersdevelopedinmanypartsofGreece.AncientGreektheaterswerebuiltinnaturalopenairsitesonconvenientlyshapedhills.Thisallowedagreatmassofpeopletoenjoyashowatatime.Duetothis,actorsplacedemphasisonexaggerated(夸張的)actionandspeech.And,colorfulsymbolicmasksandcostumeswereused.

TheMedievalTheater

TheMedievaltheaterstartedinchurches.That'swhymedievalplayswereaboutBiblestories.Atfirst,itbecameacustomforpriests(牧師)toactoutbriefscenesduringChristmasandEaster.Theseactsattractedlargecrowds.Finallythechurchrefusedtoallowprieststoparticipateinanysucheventsagain,soordinarypeoplebegantheseperformancesoutside.Performancesweresetinthetownsquare,withseveralstagesettingsaroundit.

TheElizabethanTheater

TheEngland'stheaterdevelopedrapidlyintheyearsfollowingthedefeatoftheSpanishNavy.ThedominantfeatureofElizabethantheaterwasthestage.Ithasthreeparts:Theforestageforoutsidescenes;theinnerstageforscenesinsideabuilding;anupperstageorbalconyforvariouspurposes.Thereasonforthisdesignisthattherewerenoscenechanges,orbreaksduringtheplay.Verylittlescenerywasused,sotheactorshadtocreateascenethroughtheirvoicesanddialogues.Thisledtoamorepoeticscript,andpoetsbecamethemainsourceofscriptwriting.

TheRestorationTheater

Someoftheplaystoldsadstories,butthemajorityoftheplayswerereallyfunny.Manyspecializedmachineswereusedtocreatethescene.Thestagewasaverycleveridea,inthatonthesidesofthestagelargebackshutters(百葉窗)werepaintedwiththescene.（1）WhywereancientGreektheatersbuiltonhills?A.Toholdalargeaudience.B.Tobuildabigandstrongstage.C.Tohaveabettersoundeffect.D.Toemphasizeexaggeratedperformances.（2）Inwhichtheatercouldactors'voicesandspeechhelpcreatescenes?A.TheGreekTheater.B.TheMedievalTheater.C.TheElizabethanTheater.D.TheRestorationTheater.（3）WhatisspecialabouttheRestorationTheater?A.Colorfulmaskswereused.B.Thestagewassmartlydesigned.C.Mostofitsplaysweresorrowful.D.Ordinarypeopleweretheperformers.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了四個古代的劇院。（1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)TheGreekTheater部分中的“AncientGreektheaterswerebuiltinnaturalopenairsitesonconvenientlyshapedhills.Thisallowedagreatmassofpeopletoenjoyashowatatime.”古希臘的劇院建在自然開闊的地方，建在形狀方便的山上。這使得一大群人可以一次欣賞一場演出，可知，希臘劇院建在山上是為了讓更多的觀眾可以一起欣賞演出。故選A。（2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)TheElizabethanTheater部分中的“Verylittlescenerywasused,sotheactorshadtocreateascenethroughtheirvoicesanddialogues.”布景用得很少，所以演員們不得不通過他們的聲音和對話來創(chuàng)造一個場景，可知，在TheElizabethanTheater,演員的聲音和言語能幫助創(chuàng)造場景。故選C。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)TheRestorationTheater部分中的“Thestagewasaverycleveridea,inthatonthesidesofthestagelargebackshutters(百葉窗)werepaintedwiththescene.”舞臺是一個非常聰明的想法，因為舞臺兩側的大背板上都畫著場景)可知，在TheRestorationTheater舞臺設計非常巧妙。故選B。【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要準確掌握細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。2．閱讀短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。FantasticFallFestivalsYouWon'tWanttoMiss

SeymourAppleFestival

AdmissiontotheSeymourAppleFestivalisfreeandsoistheentertainment!Morethan15,000peoplefromallovertheregioncomeouttotakepartintheactivities,rangingfromdrawings,vendorbooths,food,applecontests,bike-decoratingcontests,andmore.

MarionvilleAppleFestival

ThepopularMarionvilleAppleFestivalishometocountlessactivitiesandevents.Thecarnival,ponyrides,andgameswillkeepthekidsbusy,whileadultswillenjoywatchingthepie-eatingcontestandbrowsingdozensofcraftvendorbooths.

HumansvilleFallFestival

TheHumansvilleFallFestivalmaybehostedbyasmalltownbutthatdoesn'tmeanit'slackingbigfun.Perfectforallages,thisfallfestivaliscelebratingits70thyearandwillprovidethreefulldaysoffun.Thisyear'sfestivalwillfeaturelivemusicfromfantasticlocalmusicians,whichwilldefinitelymakeitdifferentfromtheonesinotheryears.You'llalsofindfuncarnivalrides,talentedartisanssellingtheirgoods,andanamazingparadetowrapuptheeventonSaturday.

SouthsideFallFestival

TheSouthsideFallFestivalisperfectforfamilycelebrations,withanalcohol-freeenvironmentandfreeadmission.Enjoyacolorfulparadeandfloatcontest,deliciousfoodvendors,livemusic,karaoke,andmore.

FallIntoArtsFestival

Makesuretobringthekidsalongforthisfestivalthatcelebratesallthingscreative.TheFallIntoArtsFestivalfeaturesahostofkid-friendlyactivitieslikealegobuild,sandart,bubblestations,chalkthesidewalk,ajumphouse,andmore.Parentswillhaveplentytodoaswell,withanexcellentvarietyofartists,festivalfood,aminifilmfestival,andmuchmore.（1）Whichfestivalsarefreeofcharge?A.

SouthsideFallFestivalandFallIntoArtsFestival.B.

SeymourAppleFestivalandSouthsideFallFestival.C.

HumansvilleFallFestivalandFallIntoArtsFestival.D.

SeymourAppleFestivalandMarionvilleAppleFestival.（2）WhatmakesHumansvilleFallFestivalspecialthisyear?A.

FunactivitiesonSaturday.B.

Thedurationofthefestival.C.

Theareaofthehostingtown.D.

Musicians'liveperformance.（3）FallIntoArtsFestivalisspeciallywelcomedby________.A.

movielovers

B.

modernartists

C.

visitorsofallages

D.

familieswithkids【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了幾個秋季的節(jié)日。（1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)SeymourAppleFestival部分中的“AdmissiontotheSeymourAppleFestivalisfreeandsoistheentertainment!”可知，西摩蘋果節(jié)的門票是免費的，娛樂也是免費的！和SouthsideFallFestival部分中的“TheSouthsideFallFestivalisperfectforfamilycelebrations,withanalcohol-freeenvironmentandfreeadmission.”可知，此節(jié)日也是免費入場。故選B。（2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)

HumansvilleFallFestival部分中的“Thisyear'sfestivalwillfeaturelivemusicfromfantasticlocalmusicians,whichwilldefinitelymakeitdifferentfromtheonesinotheryears.”可知，今年的音樂節(jié)將以當?shù)貎?yōu)秀音樂家的現(xiàn)場音樂為特色，使它有別于往年。故選D。（3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)FallIntoArtsFestival部分中的“Makesuretobringthekidsalongforthisfestivalthatcelebratesallthingscreative.TheFallIntoArtsFestivalfeaturesahostofkid-friendlyactivitieslikealegobuild,sandart,bubblestations,chalkthesidewalk,ajumphouse,andmore.Parentswillhaveplentytodoaswell,withanexcellentvarietyofartists,festivalfood,aminifilmfestival,andmuchmore.”可知，秋季藝術節(jié)既有許多孩子喜愛的活動，也有為父母準備的活動，故特別受到有孩子的家庭的歡迎。故選D。【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息，結合題目要求，從而選出正確答案。3．閱讀理解

EntrepreneurandCEOofTeslaandSpaceX,EldonMuskmayhavealittlemoretimeonhishands,ashe'sleavinghispositionontheboardoftheOpenAl,accordingtoablogpost.

ThedepartureislikelytheresultofTesla'smovingintothefieldofArtificialIntelligence(AI)，whichhesaidin2017wouldbethe“bestintheworld”andwouldevenbeableto“predictyourdestination,”Muskwillcontinueto“donateandadvisetheorganization,”O(jiān)penAIsaidinablogpostonFeb.20,addingthat“AsTeslacontinuestobecomemorefocusedonAI,thiswillavoidapotentialfutureconflictforEldon.

MuskandYCombinerCEOSamAltmanco-foundedthenonprofitenterpriseinDecember2015,itsmissionistodevelopsafeartificialgeneralintelligenceandensurethosedevelopmentsaremadepublic.OpenAIresearcherspublishedapaperonthesiteArXiv,org,detailingthepossiblesecurethreatsthatcomewith“malicious”AI.Infact,Muskhasheardthe“evilAI”alarmseveraltimes,OnAug.11，2017,hewarnedthatartificialintelligenceposesabiggerthreattohumanity,andhetoldagatheringofstategovernorsthatthegovernmentneedstoregulateAlbeforerobotsstart“killingpeople.”

Musk'sdeparturefromtheOpenAIboardcouldmeanbigthingsforTesla.AsEtonGoodbye,afinancialreporter,notedonFuturism,themove“couldsignalthatTeslaismoredeeplycommittedtotheirownAIprojectsthanwethought.”Headded,“Thosewhohavehadtheirearstoanyrumors(謠言)thatTeslaisreadytodelivervehiclescapableofLevel5autonomycouldtakethisnewOpenAldevelopmentasasignthatthecompanyisinchingclosertothatunapproachablegoal,”Nocompanyhasreachedthatlevelofautonomy,whichmeansthatadriverlesscarcouldnavigateanyroadunderanyconditionsandthatallthehuman“driver”wouldneedtodoistoinputadestination.（1）WhydoesEldonMuskleavehisposition?A.

TocreatesaferAI.

B.

TobuildpowerfulInternet.C.

Todevelopsocialcommunication.

D.

ToavoidapossibleconflictwithTesla.（2）WhatistheEldonMusk'sattitudetowardstheAI?A.

Ambiguous.

B.

Supportive.

C.

Negative.

D.

Sympathetic.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword“malicious”inParagraph3mean?A.

Poisonous.

B.

Unpopular.

C.

Advanced.

D.

Traditional.（4）WhatcanweinferfromEtonGoodbye'scomments?A.

Level5autonomyisimpossible.

B.

TherumorsaboutTeslaismeaningless.C.

HehasnoconfidenceinOpenAI.

D.

Level5autonomycouldsethumandriversfree.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應用文，介紹了傳奇人物埃隆·馬斯克和他的公司。(1)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“EntrepreneurandCEOofTeslaandSpaceX,EldonMuskmayhavealittlemoretimeonhishands,ashe'sleavinghispositionontheboardoftheOpenAI,accordingtoablogpost.”和第二段中的“addingthat“AsTeslacontinuestobecomemorefocusedonAI,thiswillavoidapotentialfutureconflictforEldon.”可知EldonMusk離開他的職位是為了避免可能和Tesla產(chǎn)生沖突，故D。(2)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“Muskwillcontinueto“donateandadvisetheorganization”可推知EldonMusk對于AI的態(tài)度是同情，故選B。(3)考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第三段中的“Infact,Muskhasheardthe‘evilAI’alarmseveraltimes.”可猜測出“malicious”的意思是有害的，故選A。(4)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Nocompanyhasreachedthatlevelofautonomy,whichmeansthatadriverlesscarcouldnavigateanyroadunderanyconditionsandthatallthehuman‘driver’wouldneedtodoistoinputadestination.可推出“Level5autonomy”將會讓人類司機解放，故選D?！军c評】本題考點涉及詞義猜測和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇介紹類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解

Beginninglifeatcollegenaturallydevelopsbothexcitementandanxietyformanyreasons.Forsome,thisfeelingisquicklyovercomeastheyadapttoanewenvironment;forothersthechangetakeslongerandsometimesappearsashomesickness.

Ifyouarehomesick,youmightnoticeanincreasein:

Lowenergyormotivation.

Troublesleeping.

Increases/decreasesinappetite.

Havingdifficultywithschool.

Increaseduseofdrugsoralcohol.

Lackofinterestorinvolvementinnewsurroundings.

CAUSES

Thedistancefromhome—thefartheryougo,theworseitmaybe.

Unhappinesswhenthingsaredifferentfromyourexpectationsofstudentlife.

Youhavefinallyarrivedatcollegeafterworkingtowarditforsolong.

Aheavyworkload.

Studentswhoarehomesickoftenfeeltheyhavenocontrolovertheirenvironment.

WHATMIGHTHELP?

Keepingoodcontactwiththepeopleyouhaveleftbehind,butalsogiveyourselftimewithintheuniversitytobegintogetinvolvedhere.

Berealisticaboutwhattoexpectfromstudentlifeandfromyourself.Setupabalancebetweenworkandleisure.

Ifworkisprovingtoodifficult,youmayneedtoimproveyourstudyskillsoryourorganizationoftime.

Remembertogetenoughfoodandsleep!Theseaffectyouemotionallyaswellasphysically.

Makecontactsandfriendsthroughsharedactivitiessuchassportsorotherinterests.

Ifyoustopbeingabletodonormalsocialandacademicthings,seekprofessionalhelpeitherfromyouradvisorordeanorthecounselingservice.（1）Whatmightbeasignoffeelinghomesick?A.

Feelinglikequarrelingwithsomeoneelse.B.

Becominginterestedinstudythaneverbefore.C.

Findingfoodorfruitlessattractive.D.

Participatinginalmostallactivitiesincollege.（2）Newcollegestudentsmightbehomesickbecause

.A.

theyareneverfarawayfromtheirparentsB.

theyfeelupsetaboutsomethingunexpectedC.

theysuddenlydonothaveanythingtodoD.

theydonotliketheuniversitytheyarein（3）Whichofthefollowingmeasuresmightbehelpfulforhomesickstudentsaccordingtothetext?A.

Keepingtheiroldfriendsleftbehind.B.

Remindingthemselvestokeepbusyandforgetit.C.

Forcingthemselvestostayintheirdormsonweekends.D.

Goinginforsportswiththeirfriends.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了剛離開家上大學的學生面對新環(huán)境可能遇到的問題和給他們提出的建議。（1）細節(jié)理解題。由原文“Increases/decreasesinappetite.”可知，如果一個人想家，就有可能增加或減少食欲，所以C選項“感覺食物或水果失去吸引力”符合題意，而其他選項“想跟別人吵架”、“對學習比以前更感興趣”和“幾乎參加了大學所有的活動”都不符合題意。所以答案選C。（2）細節(jié)理解題。由原文“Unhappinesswhenthingsaredifferentfromyourexpectationsofstudentlife.”可知，當事情不符合新入學的學生的期望時，他們就會不高興。所以B選項“他們對不符合預期的事物感到厭煩”符合題意。所以答案選B。（3）推理判斷題。由原文“Keepingoodcontactwiththepeopleyouhaveleftbehind”可知，要跟留下的人保持聯(lián)系，所以A選項“要一直讓老朋友留下”是不正確的。由原文“Setupabalancebetweenworkandleisure.”可知，應該在工作和休閑之前建立一個平衡，所以B選項“提醒他們自己保持忙碌并忘記想家”是不符合題意的。由原文“Makecontactsandfriendsthroughsharedactivitiessuchassportsorotherinterests.”可知，可以通過運動或其他興趣來結識其他朋友，所以C選項“強迫自己周末待在宿舍”是不符合題意的，而D選項“跟朋友一起運動”是正確的。所以答案選D?！军c評】推斷題型答題技巧。推理是在既有信息的基礎上得出合乎文章內(nèi)容的內(nèi)涵意義，即某一問題、某一觀點沒有直接表述，而寓意在文章的字里行間，要求通過文中信息分析推出某種符合作者思想、符合文章邏輯的內(nèi)涵意義。推斷則是指通過對文章進行符合邏輯的綜合分析，推出文章未直接陳述的言外之意。推斷題推斷得正確與否，很大程度上取決于是否能正確把握作者潛隱在字里行間的語氣及觀點。5．閱讀理解

It'snotanewphenomenon,buthaveyounoticedhowmanynounsarebeingusedasverbs?Weallusethem,oftenwithoutnoticingwhatwe'redoing.

Iwasarrangingtomeetsomeonefordinnerlastweek,andIsaid"I'llpencilitinmydiary",andmyfriendsaid"Youcaninkitin",meaningthatitwasafirmarrangementnotatentativeone!

Manyofthesenewverbsarelinkedtonewtechnology.Anobviousexampleisthewordfax.Weallgotusedtosendingandreceivingfaxes,andthensoonstartedtalkingaboutfaxingsomethingandpromisingwe'dfaxitimmediately.Thenalongcameemail,andweweresoonallemailingeachothermadly.Howdidwedowithoutit?Icanhardlyimaginelifewithoutmydailyemails.

Emailremindsme,ofcourse,ofmycomputeranditssoftware,whichhasproducedanothercoupleofnewverbs.OnmycomputerIcanbookmarkthosepagesfromtheWorldWideWebthatIthinkI'llwanttolookatagain,thussavingalltheeffortofrememberingtheiraddressesandcallingthemupfromscratch.IcandothesamethingonmyPC,butthereIdon'tbookmark;Ifavorite—comingfrom"favoritepages",sotheverbcomesfromanadjectivenotanoun.

Nowmychildrenboughtmeamobilephone,knownsimplyasamobileandIhadtolearnyetmorenewverbs.Icanmessagesomeone,thatis,Icanleaveamessageforthemontheirphone.OrIcantextthem,writeafewwordssuggestingwhenandwheretomeet,forexample.HowlongwillitbebeforeIcanmobilethem,thatis,phonethemusingmymobile?Ihaven'theardthatverbyet,butI'msureIwillsoon.PerhapsI'llstartusingitmyself!（1）"I'llpencilitinmydiary"inthesecondparagraphprobablymeans

.A.itwasafirmarrangementB.heprefersapenciltoapenC.thearrangementshouldbewrittenasadiaryD.itwasanuncertainarrangement（2）Awebsiteaddresscanbeeasilyfoundifithasbeen______.A.favoritedB.messagedC.emailedD.texted（3）Whichofthefollowinghasnotbeenusedasaverbyet?A.messageB.mobileC.emailD.page（4）Thebesttitleforthispassageis____.A.TechnologyandLanguage.B.DevelopmentoftheEnglishlanguageC.NewTechnologyandNewwordsD.NewVerbsfromNouns【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，通過多個例子告訴我們很多名詞都已經(jīng)轉換成了動詞。說明詞匯是并不斷的在變化。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“meaningthatitwasafirmarrangementnotatentativeone!”用鉛筆寫意為著不是最終的決定，只是臨時的決定，故選D。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“Ifavorite—comingfrom‘favoritepages’,sotheverbisderivedfromanadjectivenotanoun.”我把這些網(wǎng)站設置成我最喜歡的網(wǎng)站，通過這種方法可以讓我很快就找到這些網(wǎng)站。故選A。（3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“andweweresoonallemailingeachothermadly.”；第四段中的“Ifavorite—comingfrom‘favoritepages’,sotheverbisderivedfromanadjectivenotanoun.”；以及最后一段中的“Icanmessagesomeone”,說明ACD都可以作為動詞，只有B項文章沒有提及可以作為動詞，故選B。（4）考查主旨大意。本文通過多個例子告訴我們很多名詞都已經(jīng)轉換成了動詞，故選D?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。6．閱讀短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

There'saworldofdifferencebetweenahorrormovieandacomedy—theformerscaresyouhalftodeathwhilethelatterleavesyourollingonthefloorwithlaughter.Buttrywatchingthemwithoutthebackgroundmusicandyoujustmightdecidethey'renotsodifferentafterall.Musicandmovieshavebeencloselyconnectedsincethebeginningofthefilmindustry—evenbeforethevoicesofactorswererecorded.Inmovies,musichelpstoprovideasenseoftimeandplace,conveyideasaboutthecharactersand,mostimportantly,drawemotionsoutoftheaudience.

Studieshavelongshownthatourheartratesandanxietylevelsriseandfalldependingonthespeedofthemusicwehear.Usingthisknowledge,composersusesuddenchangesinfilmmusicspeedtocreatefearamongaudiences.Slowingthespeedofthemusicwillhavetheoppositeeffect,bringingaboutasenseofpeaceoradreamlikequality.Theuseofdissonant(不和諧的)tonesandnoisesisanothertechniquethatheightenstension.Humansnaturallybecomeunnervedwhenweheardissonantsoundsbecausesuchnoisesareusuallyassociatedwithdanger,likethosethatanimalsmaketowarnagainstpredators(捕食者).

Ascrucialasitis,thebestfilmmusicissubtle.Allthataudiencesaresupposedtofeelisaheightenedsenseofemotion—theyshouldn'trealizewhat'scausingit.Onlywhenthemusicistakenoutofthefilmshouldaudiencesunderstanditseffects.

Inkeepingwiththisprinciple,somefilmmakersareevenusingwhat'scalled"infrasound"(次聲波)toarousefear.Whilewemaynotbeabletohearitbecauseitsfrequencyisbelowtherangeofthehumanear,infrasoundhasbeenproventocauseanxiety,trembleandevensorrow.Forexample,infrasoundwasusedinthesoundtrackofthe2007horrormovieParanormalActivity,andaudiencesreposedextremelyhighfearlevelsdespitethe1ackofactionthroughoutthemovie."Itdoesn'taffecteveryoneequally,"saidBritishsciencewriterPhilipBall,authorofTheMusicInstinct,buthepredictedthat"wewillseemoreofitusedinmoviesinthefuture".（1）Whatisthedifferencebetweenahorrormovieandacomedy?A.

Theirhistory.

B.

Theirbackgroundmusic.

C.

Theiractors.

D.

Theirtimeandplace.（2）Whatcausesfearamongaudiences?A.

Thethemeofthemusic.

B.

Theslowspeedofthetangle.C.

Theknowledgeofthemusic.

D.

Theunexpectedchangeofthemusic.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"subtle"inthethirdparagraphmean?A.

Gentle

B.

Wonderful

C.

Notimmediatelyobvious

D.

Notextremelyattractive（4）Whatdoweknowabout"infrasound"fromthelastparagraph?A.

Itcan'tbeknowntopeople.B.

Itmakesaudiencesrelaxed.C.

Itiswithintherangeofthehumanear.D.

Itwillbeusedmoreinmoviesinthefuture.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，電影和音樂的關系密切，音樂對于電影影響重大，作者說明了電影制作者如何用音樂來渲染氣氛。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的"Buttrywatchingthemwithoutthebackgroundmusicandyoujustmightdecidethey'renotsodifferentafterall."可知，但是試著在沒有背景音樂的情況下看它們，你可能會覺得它們并沒有什么不同。所以通過反向推理，要是有了背景音樂，恐怖電影和喜劇電影就截然不同了。故判斷出恐怖電影和喜劇電影的區(qū)別在于他們的背景音樂。故選B。（2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"Usingthisknowledge,composersusesuddenchangesinfilmmusicspeedtocreatefearamongaudiences."可知，利用這一知識，作曲家利用電影音樂速度的突然變化在觀眾中制造恐懼。所以音樂的突然變化會使觀眾恐懼。故選D。（3）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第三段中的"Allthataudiencesaresupposedtofeelisaheightenedsenseofemotion—theyshouldn'trealizewhat'scausingit.Onlywhenthemusicistakenoutofthefilmshouldaudiencesunderstanditseffects."可知，觀眾應該感受到的只是一種強烈的情感——他們不應該意識到是什么導致了這種情感。只有當音樂被從電影中刪除時，觀眾才能理解它的影響。所以這段在解釋最好的電影音樂是不易被觀眾察覺的音樂。也就是對"subtle"的解釋。故第三段加下劃線的"subtle"一詞是C選項“不明顯的”。故選C。（4）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的"buthepredictedthat"wewillseemoreofitusedinmoviesinthefuture"可知，但他預測“我們將來會看到更多的電影會使用它”。所以從最后一段可知，"infrasound"將在未來的電影中被更多地使用。故選D?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和推理判斷三個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要準確掌握細節(jié)信息，同時根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解

Nobelprizewinnerssometimesdisplayasmuchuniquenesswhendecidinghowtospendtheirprizemoneyastheydidontheworkthatwonthemtheawardinthefirstplace.

WhenSirPaulNursewontheNobelPrizeforMedicinein2001,hedecidedtoupgradehismotorbike.Afellowwinnerin1993,RichardRoberts,installedacroquetlawninfrontofhishouse.AustrianauthorElfriedeJelinek,whowonin2004,saidtheprizemeant"financialindependence."

LarsHeikensten,executivedirectoroftheNobelFoundation,saidtherewerenoobviousshoppingtrendsamongwinners.

"Ithinkitdependsalotonwhichcountrytheycomefrom,theirpersonalfinances...whatkindofincomestheyhavewhentheygettheprize,"hesaid.

Realestate,however,isapopularoption,atleastamongthosewillingtorevealwhattheyspendthemoneyon.PhillipSharp,theAmericanco-winnerofthe1993medicineprize,decidedtosplashoutona100-year-oldFederalstylehouse."Itookthatmoneyandboughtalittlebitbiggerhouse...It'sabeautifuloldplace,"hetoldAFP(法新社),addingthat"Themoneyisanicepartoftheprocess",but"theimportantthingabouttheprizeistherecognition."

Forwinnersofthepeaceprizethedecisionisoftenmoreclear-cut,asthehonortendstogotopoliticians,organizationsandactivistswhoareundermorepublicsupervision.Many,likeUSPresidentBarackObamain2009andtheEuropeanUnionin2012,donatetocharities.

Literaturewinnerstendtobemoreprivateabouthowtheyusethemoney,butthechoiceisoftenequallystraightforward."EvenifNobel-winningauthorsarequitewellknown,manyofthemwillnothavemademuchmoneyfromwriting,"saidAnnaGunder,aNobelliteratureexpertatUppsalaUniversity.Whiletheprizemightkeepthewolffromthedoorforsomeyears,givingthemfreedomtowrite,itcanalsobrieflyhavetheoppositeeffect."Itreallychangestheircareers…Duringthefirstyearafterthey'vewontheyoftenwriteless,buttheygenerallycontinueafterayearortwo,"saidGunder.（1）Fromthepassage,welearnthat______.A.

ThemoneyisactuallythebestpartoftheNobelPrizeB.

NobelwinnershavegreatoriginalityinusingprizemoneyC.

FewwinnerswouldspendtheirprizemoneyonhousesD.

Winnersbecomemoreindependentontheircountry（2）Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedphrase"clear-cut"inparagraph6?A.

open

B.

private

C.

unique

D.

complex（3）Accordingtothepassage,inthefirstyearafterwinningNoblePrize,literaturewinnersmay

.A.

becomelessproductiveB.

makemoremoneyfromwritingC.

havethefreedomtocreatemoreandbetterworksD.

disappearfromthepubliceyesforaperiodoftime【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了諾貝爾獎獲得者在決定如何花他們的獎金時展現(xiàn)出很多的獨特性。比如，房產(chǎn)就是眾多諾貝爾獎獲得者喜歡投資的方向。作者還提到了諾貝爾和平獎獲得者對獎金的花費更公開，而文學家獲得者對獎金的花費更私人化。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段可知，諾貝爾獎獲得者在決定如何花他們的獎金時展現(xiàn)出很多的獨特性。originality"獨創(chuàng)性，創(chuàng)造性"，故選B。（2）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第六段中的“Forwinnersofthepeaceprizethedecisionisoftenmoreclear-cut,asthehonortendstogotopoliticians,organizationsandactivistswhoareundermorepublicsupervision.

”諾貝爾和平獎得主的獎金如何用的決定通常會更清晰，公開。因為和平獎通常會由政治家、組織及活動家獲得，而他們通常處在更多的公眾監(jiān)管之下。故選A。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Duringthefirstyearafterthey'vewontheyoftenwriteless,..."可知在獲得諾貝爾獎之后的第一年，作家作品會少一些。故選A?！军c評】本題考點涉及詞義猜測和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解

MoreandmorepeopleinAmericaarecelebratingtheIndianholidayDiwali.DiwaliisHindifor"rowoflights".ItisthemostimportantholidayinIndia.

Manypeoplearoundtheworldarebeginningtocelebrateitaswell.TheUnitedStatesisoneoftheplaceswherethefestivalisbecomingmorecommon.DiwalicelebrationscannowbefoundatAmericanlandmarkslikeDisneylandinCaliforniaandNewYorkCity'sTimesSquare.Theyarealsoheldinmanyparksandmuseums.

NeetaBhasincreatedtheTimesSquareevent.ShesaidIndianimmigrantshavefoundgreatsuccessinAmerica.But,shesaid,manyAmericansstilldonotknowmuchaboutIndia.So,shedecidedtoact."Ifeltit'sabouttimethatweshouldtakeIndiatomainstreamAmericaandshowIndia'srichculture,heritage,artsandvarietytotheworld,"shesaid,"andIcouldn'tfindabetterplacethanTimesSquare."

BhasincametotheUnitedStatesfromIndia40yearsago.SheispresidentofASBCommunications,themarketingfirmbehindDiwaliatTimesSquare.Tensofthousandsofpeopleattendtheevent,nowinitsfourthyear.

InIndia,Diwaliisafive-dayharvestfestivalheldjustbeforetheHinduNewYear.TheexactdateschangefromyeartoyearbutDiwaliisalwaysinthefall.Celebrationsincludelightingoillampsorcandlescalled"diyas".

ADiwalicelebrationwilllightupDisneyCaliforniaAdventureParkinAnaheimthisyear.VisitorscanwatchperformancesoftraditionalIndiandancesandtakepartinaBollywooddanceparty.TheeventispartofaFestivalofHolidaysprogramatthethemeparktoshowculturaltraditionsfromaroundtheworld.TheprogramtakesplaceonNovember10ththroughJanuary7th.

SanAntonio,Texas,alsoholdsaDiwalicelebration.Anditisoneofthenation'slargestcelebrations,withmorethan15,000peopleinattendanceeachyear.VisitorscanenjoyIndiandance，foodandfireworks.OrganizersalsoplantofloathundredsoflightedcandlesintheSanAntonioRiver,alongthecity'sfamousRiverWalk.（1）WhichisthemainsymbolintheIndianholidayDiwali?A.

Dances.

B.

Lamps.

C.

Food.

D.

Clothes.（2）WhydidNeetaBhasinsetuptheTimesSquareevent?A.

TomaketheAmericanculturericher.B.

Tocreateanewbusinessforthefirm.C.

TomakeIndianculturebetterknownintheUS.D.

ToshowtheachievementsofIndianimmigrants.（3）WhatdoweknowaboutDiwali?A.

Itis