2025年專(zhuān)升本法學(xué)英語(yǔ)經(jīng)典錯(cuò)題錦集附答案考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______第一部分詞匯與語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)directions:Ineachofthefollowingsentences,thereisonewordorphraseunderlined.IdentifythewordorphrasethatisincorrectlyusedandwritethecorrectwordorphraseinthecorrespondingspaceonAnswerSheet1.1.Thecommitteeconsistsoftenmembers,allofthemarelawyerswithrichexperienceincorporategovernance._______________2.Despitetheheavyrain,hemanagedtoarriveontimeforthecrucialcourthearing._______________3.Itishighlyrecommendedthatthedefendantshouldseekprofessionallegalcounselimmediately._______________4.Notonlythejurybutalsothejudgewereinfluencedbytheemotionallychargedtestimony._______________5.Theconstitutionguaranteesthefundamentalrightsofitscitizens,includingfreedomofspeechandreligion._______________6.Mybrotherlentmehiscaryesterday,thatIneededtogotothecitycenterurgently._______________7.Sheistooyoungtodriveacar,letaloneoperateheavymachineryinafactory._______________8.Thedefendant,whowasaccusedoffraud,deniedallthechargeslevelledagainsthim._______________9.Neitherthewitnessesnorthepoliceofficerhasconfirmedtheexacttimeoftheincident._______________10.Thecourtfoundthedefendantguilty,mainlybecausetherewasinsufficientevidencetoprovehisinnocence._______________directions:Completeeachofthefollowingsentenceswiththemostappropriatewordorphrasechosenfromthefouroptionsgiven.WriteyouranswerinthecorrespondingspaceonAnswerSheet1.11.Thelawyercarefullyreviewedallthedocuments_______ensuringtherewerenodiscrepancies.(A)forthepurposeof(B)inorderto(C)withtheaimof(D)sothatto12._______theclientwasuncooperative,thelawyerstillmanagedtoconstructastrongdefensecase.(A)Inviewof(B)Inspiteof(C)Becauseof(D)Asfor13.Theprincipleofnaturaljusticerequiresthatdecisionsmustbemade_______andwithoutbias.(A)arbitrarily(B)publicly(C)impartially(D)reluctantly14.TheStatuteofFraudsmandatesthatcertaintypesofcontractsmustbe_______tobelegallybinding.(A)spoken(B)written(C)understood(D)implied15.Thejudge'srulingwas_______basedontheinterpretationsoftherelevantlawsandprecedents.(A)partially(B)primarily(C)optionally(D)randomly16.Thedefendant'salibiwas_______bytheprosecution,leavingdoubtsabouthiswhereaboutsatthetimeofthecrime.(A)supported(B)contradicted(C)confirmed(D)verified17.Manylegalscholarsarguethatthecurrentlegislationis_______outdatedandneedsurgentreform.(A)rather(B)quite(C)somewhat(D)severely18.Thecontractstipulatesthatanybreachofitstermswillresultina_______fine.(A)nominal(B)considerable(C)arbitrary(D)conditional19.Theappellatecourtwill_______thelowercourt'sdecisionandexaminewhethertherewereanylegalerrors.(A)affirm(B)reject(C)reconsider(D)postpone20.Itisawell-establishedfactthatjusticemustbeadministered_______toallindividuals,regardlessoftheirstatus.(A)equally(B)fairly(C)distinctly(D)respectively第二部分閱讀理解directions:Readthefollowingpassagecarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsbasedonit.Theprincipleofdueprocess,enshrinedinmanylegalsystems,servesasacornerstoneforprotectingindividualrightsagainstarbitrarystateaction.Itencompassesbothproceduralandsubstantiveaspects.Proceduraldueprocessensuresthatthegovernmentadherestofairproceduresbeforedeprivingsomeoneoflife,liberty,orproperty.Thistypicallyinvolvesnoticeofthechargesoractionsandanopportunitytobeheard.Forinstance,beforeapersoncanbeconvictedofacrime,theymustbeinformedofthespecificcharges,presentedwithevidenceagainstthem,andallowedtopresenttheirowndefense.Substantivedueprocess,ontheotherhand,focusesonthefundamentalnatureoftheactionitself.Itexamineswhetherthelaworactionisreasonableandjust,andwhetheritinfringesuponessentialliberties.Thisaspecthasbeenusedtostrikedownlawsthataredeemedoverlyrestrictiveorthateliminatefundamentalrights,suchastherighttoprivacy,withoutacompellinggovernmentinterest.Legalscholarsoftendebatetheprecisescopeandapplicationofdueprocess.Whileproceduraldueprocessisrelativelystraightforward,substantivedueprocessremainsmoreambiguousandsubjecttointerpretationbythecourts.Thecourtsplayacrucialroleinbalancingindividualrightswiththeneedsofsocietyandthestate.Throughthedoctrineofjudicialreview,theycaninvalidatelawsorgovernmentactionsthatconflictwiththedueprocessrequirements.Thisongoingjudicialscrutinyensuresthatthelegalsystemremainsdynamicandadaptabletochangingsocietalvalueswhileupholdingthefundamentalguaranteeoffairnessandjusticeforallcitizens.Questions:21.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheprincipleofdueprocessmentionedinthepassage?22.Accordingtothepassage,whatarethetwomainaspectsofdueprocess?23.Whatdoesproceduraldueprocessprimarilyfocuson?24.Giveanexampleofarequirementmentionedunderproceduraldueprocess.25.Whatisthekeydifferencebetweenproceduralandsubstantivedueprocesshighlightedinthepassage?26.Whydolegalscholarsfindsubstantivedueprocessmorechallengingtodefineandapply?27.Whatroledocourtsplayinrelationtodueprocess,accordingtothepassage?第三部分完形填空directions:Readthefollowingpassage.FillineachblankwithONEwordthatbestfitsthemeaningofthepassage.WriteyouranswerinthecorrespondingspaceonAnswerSheet1.Theruleoflawisafundamentalprincipleinmodernlegalsystems.It28thateveryone,includingthegovernmentitself,issubjecttothelaw.Thisprincipleensures29justiceisadministeredfairlyandpredictably,ratherthanbeingdeterminedarbitrarilybyindividualsinpower.Akey30oftheruleoflawistheexistenceofanindependentjudiciary,whichcaninterpretthelawandholdtheexecutiveandlegislativebranchesaccountable.Withoutjudicialindependence,theruleoflaw31vulnerabletopoliticalinterferenceandmanipulation.Furthermore,theruleoflawrequiresthatlawsareclear,publicized,andstable,allowingcitizenstounderstandtheirrightsandobligations.Accesstojusticeisalsocrucial;itmeansthatindividualsmusthaveadequateopportunitiestoseekredresswhentheirrightsareviolated.Inessence,theruleoflaw32aframeworkforajustandorderlysociety,whererightsareprotectedandpowerisexercisedresponsibly.28._______________29._______________30._______________31._______________32._______________第四部分翻譯directions:TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationinthecorrespondingspaceonAnswerSheet1.Theconceptof'mensrea'iscentraltocriminallaw,signifyingthepresenceofaguiltymindorintention.Actsthatareunintentionalorcommittedwithoutanycriminalintentaregenerallynotconsideredcriminaloffenses.Forinstance,ifsomeoneaccidentallycausesdamagetoanotherperson'sproperty,theymaynotbeheldcriminallyliableunlessitcanbeproventhattheywerenegligentorreckless,whichimpliessomedegreeofculpablemind.Therequirementof'mensrea'servestodistinguishbetweenactionsthatareconsideredmorallyblameworthyandthosethataremerelyaccidents.Itupholdstheprinciplethatpunishmentshouldbeproportionatetotheblameworthinessofthedefendant'sconduct,ensuringthatthecriminaljusticesystemtargetsindividualswhohavecommittedactswithaguiltymind.---試卷答案第一部分詞匯與語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)1.they->who2.Despite->Inspiteof3.should->be4.were->was5.(Noerror)6.that->which7.(Noerror)8.levelled->levels9.has->have10.proved->proving解析思路1."allofthemarelawyers"是一個(gè)名詞性從句，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需要與主語(yǔ)保持一致，故用who而非they。2."Despite"是介詞，后接名詞性短語(yǔ)或名詞，不能直接接從句。表示“盡管”引導(dǎo)從句時(shí)，應(yīng)使用"Inspiteof"或"Despitethefactthat"。3."recommendthat"后面的從句應(yīng)使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，動(dòng)詞使用原形或“should+動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略。故"thedefendantshouldseek"應(yīng)改為"thedefendantbesought"或直接省略should，即"thedefendantseek"。4."Notonly...butalso..."連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需與靠近它的主語(yǔ)保持一致?？拷?thejury"(單數(shù))，故謂語(yǔ)用was。5.句子結(jié)構(gòu)正確，動(dòng)詞guarantees與主語(yǔ)Theconstitution保持一致，rights是guarantees的賓語(yǔ)，guarantees后可用動(dòng)詞原形或名詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，此處"itscitizens"是賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表述清晰。6."that"在此句中引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾"Mybrotherlentmehiscaryesterday"，指代前面整件事，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which，that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。7.句子結(jié)構(gòu)正確，"tooyoungtodriveacar"作狀語(yǔ)修飾主語(yǔ)She，"letaloneoperateheavymachinery"表示更不用提……，符合邏輯和語(yǔ)法。8."levelled"是過(guò)去分詞，表示被動(dòng)和完成。這里"allthecharges"是被提出來(lái)的對(duì)象，應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)修飾charges，故"levelled"改為"levels"(現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)或一般性修飾，但此處語(yǔ)境更強(qiáng)調(diào)被動(dòng)提出)或"havingbeenlevelled"(更完整被動(dòng)表達(dá))。根據(jù)常見(jiàn)考點(diǎn)，levelled作后置定語(yǔ)表被動(dòng)更常見(jiàn)，但需改為動(dòng)詞形式。更標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案可能是"werelevelled"(如果視為被動(dòng)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))。但按選項(xiàng)模式，可能考察現(xiàn)在分詞表被動(dòng)趨勢(shì)。此處按原句最可能意為“被指控的指控”存疑，若必須選，原詞形錯(cuò)誤。若題目設(shè)問(wèn)改為“被指控”，則需"werecharged"。按常考點(diǎn)，可能是考察"charge"的名詞作賓補(bǔ)的被動(dòng)關(guān)系。此處"levelled"作后置定語(yǔ)表被動(dòng)稍顯不自然，更可能是主動(dòng)意味或錯(cuò)誤。若必須改，需改動(dòng)詞原形或被動(dòng)式。題目可能設(shè)問(wèn)錯(cuò)誤。若理解為“指控被提出”，則"werelevelled"。若理解為“指控”，則用名詞"charges"。題目本身可能存疑。按常見(jiàn)改錯(cuò)思路，若選詞，可能是改為動(dòng)詞原形"charge"或被動(dòng)"werecharged"。此處若理解為錯(cuò)誤在于動(dòng)詞形式，"level"是及物動(dòng)詞，"charges"是賓語(yǔ)，若要被動(dòng)，應(yīng)為"werechargedwith"(with常省略)。若理解為名詞性，"thecharges"作賓語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用原形"charge"。題目設(shè)置可能不嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。（此題按原模擬卷形式，假設(shè)"levelled"是動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞錯(cuò)誤用法，改為動(dòng)詞原形"levels"作賓補(bǔ)可能性較低，但可能是出題者意圖考察分詞誤用。若改為"werecharged"可能更符合邏輯，但題目未給選項(xiàng)。此處按原卷改"levelled"->"levels"作一種可能的動(dòng)詞形式錯(cuò)誤處理，實(shí)際語(yǔ)境中"werecharged"更優(yōu)。）9."Neither...nor..."連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需與靠近它的主語(yǔ)保持一致。靠近"thepoliceofficer"(單數(shù))，故謂語(yǔ)用has。10."because"引導(dǎo)的從句主語(yǔ)是"therewasinsufficientevidence"，謂語(yǔ)是"was"，已經(jīng)包含be動(dòng)詞，后面不能再加動(dòng)詞"toprove"。需要去掉"toprove"中的"to"或去掉"prove"，使"evidencewasinsufficienttoprove"。但"toprove"不直接去掉。更可能是考察"mainlybecause"后面跟從句，從句內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)錯(cuò)誤。應(yīng)去掉"toprove"中的"to"。即"mainlybecausetherewasinsufficientevidencetoprovehisinnocence"->"mainlybecausetherewasinsufficientevidenceprovehisinnocence"。但選項(xiàng)模式通常只改詞。若必須選，可能是"prove"前缺少"to"的情況，但"prove"不常跟"todo"。更可能是原題設(shè)問(wèn)有誤。按常見(jiàn)考點(diǎn)，可能是"prove"后缺少不定式表目的，但"therewasevidencetoprove"結(jié)構(gòu)本身有問(wèn)題，應(yīng)該是"therewasevidencethatproved"或"therewasevidenceproving"。若題目改為"provehisinnocence"前加"to"，則"toprove"錯(cuò)誤。（此題按原模擬卷形式，假設(shè)"toprove"是多余或錯(cuò)誤，改為"proving"作現(xiàn)在分詞表原因或伴隨狀態(tài)，但邏輯上不如"toprove"或直接用"thatproved"。題目設(shè)置可能不嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。假設(shè)選項(xiàng)是"prove"前缺少"to"，則原詞"toprove"無(wú)誤。此處按原卷改"toprove"->"proving"作一種可能的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞誤用處理，實(shí)際邏輯上"toprove"更優(yōu)。）第二部分閱讀理解21.Themainpurposeoftheprincipleofdueprocessistoprotectindividualrightsagainstarbitrarystateaction.22.Thetwomainaspectsofdueprocessmentionedinthepassageareproceduraldueprocessandsubstantivedueprocess.23.Proceduraldueprocessprimarilyfocusesonensuringthatthegovernmentadherestofairproceduresbeforedeprivingsomeoneoflife,liberty,orproperty.24.Anexampleofarequirementmentionedunderproceduraldueprocessisthatapersonmustbeinformedofthespecificchargesandallowedtopresenttheirowndefensebeforebeingconvictedofacrime.25.Thekeydifferencehighlightedinthepassagebetweenproceduralandsubstantivedueprocessisthatproceduraldueprocessconcernsthefairproceduresthegovernmentmustfollow,whilesubstantivedueprocessexaminesthefundamentalnatureoftheactionitselftodetermineitsreasonablenessandjustification.26.Legalscholarsfindsubstantivedueprocessmorechallengingtodefineandapplybecauseitismoreambiguousandsubjecttointerpretationbythecourts,asitdealswiththefundamentalnatureofactionsandthebalancebetweenindividualrightsandsocietalneeds.27.Accordingtothepassage,courtsplayacrucialroleinrelationtodueprocessbybalancingindividualrightswiththeneedsofsocietyandthestate,andbyusingjudicialreviewtoinvalidatelawsorgovernmentactionsthatconflictwithdueprocessrequirements.第三部分完形填空28.states/signifies29.is/is30.feature/requirement/element31.becomes/remains32.provides/offers/servesas解析思路28."Theprincipleoflawisthat..."意為“法律原則規(guī)定……”。"states"(陳述)或"signifies"(意味著，表示)都可以填入空格，表示這個(gè)原則的內(nèi)