課時練I閱讀理解提速練

I閱讀理解

A

（2019?煙臺診斷）Grandparentswhohelpoutoccasionallywithchildcare

intheircommunitytendtolivelongerthanseniorswhodonotcareforother

people,accordingtoastudyfromBerlin,Germany.

“Havin.n.contac.wit.grandchiIdrc.a.al.ca.negative!,impac.

grandparents,health.Thi.lin.coul.b.decpl.roote.i.ou.evolutionar.pas.whe.hel.wit

.chiIdcar.wa.importan.fo.th.surviva.o.th.huma.species,.sai.Sonj.Hi1brand,cn.o.

th.researchers.

Th.finding.ar.draw.fro.dat.o.mor.tha.50.peopl.ove.ag.70.0veiall.afte.accountiii.fb.grandpcirent

s.ag.an.genera.stat.o.health.rh.ris.o.dyin.ove..20-yea.perio.wa.one-

thir.lowe.fo.grandparent.wh.care.fo.thei.grandchildren.

compare.wit.grandparent.wvide.n.childcare.

Carcgivin.wa.associatc.wit.Jongc.lif.cve.whc.th.car.rcccivc.wasn,.rclativc.Hal.o.al.childlcs.

senior.wvide.suppor.t.friend.o.neighbor.live.fo.seve.year.afte.th.stud.began.whil.non-

hclpcr.livc.fo.fou.ycar.o.average.

aCarcgivin.ma.giv.caregiver..purpos.o.lif.becaus.the.ma.fee.usofu.fo.ether

.an.society.Caregivin.ma.b.though.als.a.a.activit.tha.keep,caregiver,physical1.

an.mentall.active,.sai.Professo.Brun.Arpino.

Aipinonoted,however,thatcaregivingisnottheonlyactivitythatcanimprovehealthand

thattoomanycaringresponsibilitiescantakeawayfromotherbeneficialactivitieslikeworking,

beinginsocialclubs,orvolunteering/'Childrenshouldtake_into_accounttheirparents'needs,

willingness,anddesiresandagreewith（hemonthetimingandamountofchildcare,“he

suggested.

“Itisveryimportantthateveryindividualdecidesforhimself/herself,what

"properamountsofhelp'means,“Milbrandsaid,adding,“Aslongasyoudonot

feelstressedabouttheintensity（強度）ofhelpyouprovideyoumaybedoing

somethinggoodforothersaswellasforyourself.M

【解題導(dǎo)語】德國柏林一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，祖父母適當(dāng)?shù)貛兔φ疹檶O輩比不照顧孫輩的老

年人壽命長。

1.Whatisthecaregivingstudybasedon?

A.Humanevolutionaryhistory.

B.Demandofmodernsociety.

C.Socialcontactbetweenrelatives.

D.Dataonmanyelderlypeople.

D解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段第一句可知，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)是從對500多個7。歲以

上的老人的數(shù)據(jù)分析得來的。故選D項。

2.InAipino*sopinion,childcare.

A.issuretokeepoldpeopleawayfromillnesses

B.allowsoldpeopletoliveamoremeaningfullife

C.createsmorejobopportunitiesforoldpeople

D.makessocialactivitiesinaccessibletooldpeople

B解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干中的“Arpino'sopinionw定位至文章第五段中的

aCaregivingmaygivecaregiversapurposeoflifebecausetheymayfeelusefulforothers

andsociety."可知，看護小孩讓看護人覺得生活有了目的，因為他們覺得自己對他人和社會

是有用的，也就是說，看護小孩可以使他們感覺生活得有意義。故選B項。

3.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartutakeintoaccountvinParagraph6probablymean?

A.Limit.B.Ignore.

C.Favor.D.Consider.

D解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第六段中的“toomanycaringresponsibilitiescantakeaway

fromotherbeneficialactivitiesw及下文的w...theirparents*needs,willingness,anddesires

andagreewiththemonthetimingandamountofchildcarew可知，過多的照看責(zé)任會使老

人無法從事其他有意義的活動，所以孩子應(yīng)考慮老人的需求、意愿和渴求，同意他們照顧孩

子的時間長度和強度的選擇。由此可猜測，takeintoaccount意為"考慮"，與consider意義

相近。故選D項。

4.Whatdocsthelastparagraphtellus?

A.Grandparentscandoanythingintheirowninterests.

B.Grandparentsshouldsharemoresocialresponsibilities.

C.Properamountsofchildcaredogoodtograndparents.

D.Caregivingguaranteeseverygrandparentalongerlife.

C解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Aslongasyoudonotfeelstressedaboutthe

intensity（強度）ofhelpyouprovideyoumaybedoingsomethinggoodforothersaswellas

foryourself.”可知，只要你幫忙的強度不會讓你感到有壓力，這對他人、對你自己都是有好

處的。由此可知，適當(dāng)?shù)卣疹櫺『ψ娓改赣泻锰?。故選C項。

B

（2019?石家莊高三?模

?I以）To.Goo.T.G.i..sniartphon.ap.whic.allow.restaurant.t.sel.fc'O.tha.vvoul.otherwis.b.throw.awa.a.dis

coun.piicc.fro.a.littl.a...t..maximu.o..3.80.eve.i.th.mcal.ar.sol.fro.th.vcr.fines.rcstaurant.i.th.country

.Originall.create.i.Denmar.an.launche.i.Brighto.an.Leed.i.Jroduce.in

t.th.Unitc.Klrcprcncurs（企業(yè)家）.

Million.o.ton.o.food.ar.throw.i.th.tras.ever.year.wit.restaurant.accountin.fo..larg.part.s.eco-

enlrepreneur.Chri.Wilso.an.Jami.Crummi.cain.u.wit.th.goo.ide.t.sto.fbo.waste.Usin.To.Goo.T.G.no

.onl.help.restaurant.sav.expense.bu.give.peopl.i.nee.th.chanc.t.orde.fanc.dishe.a.lo.prices.

To.Goo.T.G.i.ver.convenien.fo.users.Restauran(.mak.foo.availabl.o.th.To.Goo.T.G.ap.an.websi

tc.Pcopl.ca.loo.throug.th.availabl.dishc.o.th.sniartphones.pa.fo.thc.iisin..crcdi.car.an.pic.thc.u.a..se.

time.a.hou.befor.closin.time.

Althoug.To.Goo.T.G.goa.i.t.us.i.fo.rcsta

urant.l.solfit.Wilso.claims.

uTducin.th.extr.foo.s.the.don'.nee.t.thro.i.awa.i.th.trash.an.w.reall.w

an.t.pu.ourselve.ou.o.busines.b.stoppin.foo.waste.M

Birminghamhasbecomethelatestcitywhererestaurantscanreducefoodwastetothelowest

limitbyworkingwiththeTboGoodToGosocialenterpriseapp.

【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了TooGoodToG。這款手機軟件，它可以

幫助飯店以較低的價格處理要扔掉的食物，這樣既避免了浪費，乂給那些需要的人提供了可

口的食物。

5.WherewasTooGoodToGooriginallylaunched?

A.I.Denmark.

B.InBrighton.

C.I.Birmingham.

D.IntheU.S.

B解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的"OriginallycreatedinDenmarkandlaunched

inBrightonandLeeds"可知，這款軟件最初是在Denmark創(chuàng)造出來，在Brighton和Leeds

發(fā)起的，故選B項。

6.What'stheappintendedtodo?

A.Makeaprofitbysellingfoodonthewebsite.

B.Allowrestaurantstcsellfoodatlowprices.

C.Helprestaurantstodealwithleftoverfood.

D.Callonrestaurantslosavefoodandmoney.

C解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“???s?eco-

entrepreneur.Chri.VVilso.an.Jami.Crummi.cam.u.wit.th.goo.ide.t.sto.foo.waste...

bu.give.peopl.i.nee.th.chanc.t.orde.fanc.dishc.a.Io.priccsZ可知，這款軟件的目的是阻止食物

浪費，不僅幫助飯店節(jié)省費用，而且給那些需要的人提供一個低價品嘗好菜的機會，故選C

項.

7.Howdidthecreatorsoftheappmakeprofits?

A.Bysellingcopiesoftheapp.

B.Bytakingafeefrombuyers.

C.Bychargingrestaurantsforeachsale.

D.Bygettingdonationsfromentrepreneurs.

C解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“AlthoughTooGoodToGodoestakeafee

fromrestaurantsforeachsalen可知，該軟件的創(chuàng)造者是通過向飯店的每一單生意收費來賺

錢的，因此選C項。

8.Whatcanwcinferfromthetext?

A.Peoplecanpaylessmoneyforarichmeal.

B.Theappismainlydesignedtohelpthepoor.

C.Dishescanbesoldtomakealotofprofits.

D.Peoplecangettheirorderedfoodathome.

A解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的"TooGoodToGo...inthecountry.”和第二段

中的"UsingTooGoodToGonotonlyhelpsrestaurantssaveexpense,butgivespeoplein

needthechancetoorderfancydishesatlowprices.w可以推知，由于TooGoodToGo軟件

的出現(xiàn)，人們可以花比較少的錢吃一頓豐盛的飯，故選A項。

（2019?湖南長沙廟三模擬）AnewstudybytheBritishgovernment—_

hasdiscoveredthementalhealthofthecountry'steenagegirlshasbecomeut>,V

w°rse-4dp4

Thesurvey,whichincluded30,00014-year-oldstudentsin2019and

2019,showed37percentofgirlswithpsychologicalstress,upfrom34percentin2O19.British

boys*stresslevelwasactuallyseentofalloverthesametimeperiod,from17percentto15

percent.

Thereport,sauthorspointedouttheuadventofthesocialmediaage“couldbeamajor

contributingfactorforincreasedstressamongteenageBritishgirls.

Th.adolescen.year.ar..tim.o.rapi.physical,cognitive（認知

的.an.emotiona.development,.Pa.Ramsden..lecture,i.psycholog.a.th.Universit.o.B

radfor.i.th.Unite.Kingdom,wrot.i..recen.bio.post.

“Teenager.interac.wit.peopl.i.orde.t.lear.ho.t.becom.competent（有能力

.adults.I.th.past,the.woul.engag.wit.parents,

teacher,an.othc.adult,i.thei.communit.a.wcl.a.extende.famil.member,an.friends.N

o.w.ca.als.ad.socia.medi.t.tha.1is.o.socia.an.emotiona.development.n

Throughoutadolescence,girlsandboysdevelopcharacteristicslikeconfidenceandself-

control.Sinceteenagebrainshavenotcompletelydeveloped,teensdon'thavethecognitive

awarenessandimpulse（沖動）controltokeepfrompostinginappropriatecontent.Furthermore,this

contentcaneasilybespreadfarandwidewithdisastrousinfluences.

“Socialmediacanalsofeedintogirls'insecuritiesabouttheirappearance,“

Ramsdensaid.Thesesitesareoftenfilledwithimagesofpeoplewithbodytype

unattciinabletothenormalperson.However,theseimagesandthemessagestiedto

themgraduallybecomesocietalstandards.

【解題導(dǎo)語】一項新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，英國女孩的心理健康狀況變得更糟；分析表明，社交

媒體時代的到來可能是造成英國女孩心理壓力加大的主要因素。

9.Thestatisticsinthesecondparagraphshowthat.

A.moreandmorechildreninBritainhavementalhealthproblems

B.fewgirlsinBritainsufferedfrompsychologicalstressin2019

C.moreboysinBritainaresufferingfrommentalpressurenow

D.moreBritishgirlsfeelpsychologicallystressedthanboysdonow

D解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句可知，調(diào)查顯示，2019年37%的英國女孩

有心理壓力，而2019年只有34%;根據(jù)第二段的第二句可知，同期調(diào)查顯示，英國男孩有

心理壓力的從2019年的17%降到2019年的15%。據(jù)此可以判斷，英國女孩有心理壓力的

比男孩多，故D項正確。

10.ContrarytoIraditicnalwaysofinteraction,socialmedia.

A.helpsteenagersdevelopqualitieslikeconHclenceandself-control

B.hasmanynegativeeffectsongirls'characteristicdevelopment

C.makesteensawareofpotentialdangeroftheinappropriatecontent

D.teachesgirlstocareabouttheirappearancetomeetsocietalstandards

B解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段的最后一句和最后一段第一句的“Socialmediacan

alsofeedintogirls'insecuritiesabouttheirappearance^可知，由于青少年的思想還不成

熟，自控能力有限，社交媒體對英國女孩的心理健康和她們對外表美丑的判斷產(chǎn)生了消極

的影響。故B項正確。

11.Theunderlinedword“advent“inParagraph3canbereplacedby"”.

A.arrivalB.end

C.disappearanceD.invention

A解析：詞義猜測題。結(jié)合該段內(nèi)容和下文關(guān)于傳統(tǒng)交流方式和社交媒體的比較可知,

報告的作者指出，“社交媒體時代的到來”可能是造成英國女孩心理壓力增加的主要因素。

據(jù)此可知，畫線詞意為“到來”，故A項正確。

D

(2019?合肥高三調(diào)研性檢

^^I.ou.eve^da.live.w.mee.situation.i.whic.vv.(ak.man.(hing.fo.granled.W.onl.treasur.lhing.whe.the

.ar.gonc.Thi.i..sa.trut.o.huma.naturc.On.day..foun.inysel.a..witncs.t..simila.situation.

On.evening..lef.wor.an.boarde.th.train.Afte.entering..notice.somethin.unusual.Th.cente.o.th.c

a.ha..fe.

empl.seal.whil.boi.end.wer.crowde.wit.peopl.standing..didn'.pa.muc.attenlio.an.sa.dow.o.on.o.th.

empt.seats..sense..funn.smell.I.wasn'.lon.befor..notice..hoiTieles.perso.sleepin.o.thre.seat.i.fron.o.

nie.H.wa.bleedin.fro.hi.nose.Wh.wasn，,anyon.helpin.him?

Hi.clothe.wer.tor.au.h.wa.givin.of..strang.smell.Alon.wit.th.smell.hi.eye.wer.dull.watery.an.re

d.Occasionall.h.scratche.himsel.an.peopl.looke.a.hi.a.i.h.ha.conimitte..crime.A.th.trai.stoppe.a.stati

on.an.mor.peopl.cam.i.the.covere.thei.nose.an.face.awa.fro.him.Al.th.seat.aroun.hi.wer.empty.

Suddenly.h.bega.t.swea.a.th.peopl.aroun.him..plain-

clothe.polic.office.wh.looke.lik..constructio.worke.too.ou.hi.certificat.an.showe.i.t.th.homeles.man

.Th.officcr.no.wantin.t.touc.th.homclcs.man.tol.hi.hi.right.an.dircctc.hi.t.cxi.th.train.A.th.officc.wa

Ike.th.ma.ou.o.th.train.th.homeles.ma.turne.aroun.an.sai."M.HOME!.an.starte.crying.

.ma.doesn'.valu.thing.unti.the.ar.gone.I.h.didn'.hav.home.a.leas.h.ha.freedom.No.h.ha.nei

ther.N.on.want.t.hel.someon.wh.won'.hel.himself.

【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。乘坐火車時，“我”發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個流浪漢，他衣衫襤

褸，身上散發(fā)異味，乘客們避而遠之。突然，他開始咒罵他周圍的乘客。后來流浪漢被便衣

警察帶走，他不僅沒有家，這一次還失去了自由。

12.Whenentering(hecar,howdidtheauthorfeelatfirst?

A.Annoyed.B.Puzzled.

C.Sad.D.Calm.

B解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第三句可知，車廂中部有一些空座位，而兩頭卻擠

滿了站著的人；據(jù)此可以判斷，“我”感到很困惑，故B項正確。

13.Howdidpeoplereacttothehomelessman?

A.Theycaughthimandcalledthepolice.

B.Theycuvcicdliinivillicleanclollics.

C.Theydislikedandavoidedhim.

D.Theystaredathimcuriously.

C解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第三句可知，車廂中部有一些空座位，而兩頭卻擠

滿了站著的人；根據(jù)第三段第三句可知，流浪漢偶爾抓撓自己，人們看著他，好像他曾經(jīng)犯

菲了一樣；據(jù)此可以判斷，人們不喜歡他，避免和他接觸，故C項正確。

14.Itcanbelearnedthatthepoliceman.

A.wasveryrudetotheman

B.sentthemanbacktohishometown

C.forcedthemantoleavethecity

D.wentoffthetrainwiththeman

D解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句中的可知，警官最后帶著這個流浪漢走下

了火車，故D項正確。

15.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthehomelessman?

A.Heisaloseroflife.

B.Heisworthourrespect.

C.Heisveryfunny.

D.Heisafearlessfighter.

A解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第二、第三句可知，如果他沒有家，至少他還有

自由，如今他兩個都沒有了。據(jù)此可以判斷，他是一個生活的失敗者，故A項正確。

II七選五

（2019?臨沂模

KI）Colleg.visit.ar.iniportant.1..Ami.year.o.you.lif.an.thousand.o.dollar.t.

.school.mak.sur.you

r.choosin..plac.tha.suit.yo.best.Belo.ar..fe.tip.fo.gettin.th.mos.ou.o.you.colleg.visit.

?Exploreonyourown

2.

.S.plet.pictur.o.th.campu.o.you.own.Whe.yo.visi.thstud

en.cen（er.academi.building.an.residenc.halls.tak..fe.minute.l.rea.th.hulleti.boards（告示

tfi）.The.piovid..quic.an.eas.wa.t.se.what，.happenin.o.campus.

?Eatinthedininghallandsleepinthedorm

Yo.ca.ge..goo.fee.fo.studen.lif.b.eatin.i.th.dinin.hall.Lthfoo.good.Ar.ther.adequat.health.optio

ns.An.i.it'.a.al.possible.spen..nigh.a.th.college.3..

?4.________

I.fesso.an.sludent.i.lha.field.You

Lge.t.observ.othe.student.i.you.fiel.an.se.ho.engage.the.ar.i.classroo.discussion.The.wil.giv.yo.a.op

portunit.t.se.i.th.majo.reall.niatche.you.5..

Lastly.i.you

parin.severa.schools.b.sur.t.recor.you.feeli