Unit4Pygmalion教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)

TheFirstPeriodSpeaking

Teachinggoals教學(xué)目標(biāo)

1.Targetlanguage目標(biāo)語(yǔ)言

重點(diǎn)詞匯

adaptation,plot,professor,Pygmalion

2.Abilitygoals能力目標(biāo)

EnablethestudentstotalkabouttheGreekstoryPygmalion.

3.Learningabilitygoals學(xué)能目標(biāo)

HelpthestudentslearnhowtotalkabouttheGreekstoryPygmalion.

Teachingimportantpoints教學(xué)重點(diǎn)

Helpthestudentslearnhowtoretellthestory.

Teachingdifficultpoints教學(xué)難點(diǎn)

Helpthestudentsknowthesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenthestoryandthe

playPygmalion.

Teachingmethods教學(xué)方法

Discussion.

Teachingprocedures&ways教學(xué)過(guò)程與方式

StepILead-in

T:Hasanyoneheardof"thePygmalionEffect"?Whatisit?

SI:ThePygmalionEffectisthatpeopletendtobehaveasyouexpecttheywill.If

youexpectapersontotakeresponsibility,theyprobablywill.Ifyouexpectthem

nottoeventry,theyprobablywont

T:Good.Howdidyouknow?

SI:IhaveoncereadsomeGreekstories.AndIhavereadthestoryPygmalion

before.

T:You'regreat.Ifsomeoneisgoodatwriting,weoftensayheorsheisalucky

dogoftheMuses.Doyouknowwherethesayingcomesfrom?

SI:ItalsocomesfromtheGreekstory.

StepIIWarmingup

T:Yes.TodaywearegoingtolearnaboutaGreekstoryPygmalion.First,lookat

thepicturesonpage28.Pleaseworkinpairsandworkoutthestory.

Afterafewminutes.

T:Nowlet'shavealookatthefirstpicture.Whocantellmewhat'sinitwithyour

ownwords?

SI:Letmetry.Pygmalionwasaverygiftedartist.Hespentalongtimemakinga

stonestatueofabeautifulwoman.Itwassobeautifulthathecouldn'thelploving

itandwantedittobehiswife.

T:Wonderful!Andwhocanfollowit?

S2:Butitwasonlyastone.Howcouldhemakehisdreambecometrue?Hethought

andthoughtandathstheaskedtheGreekGoddesstohelphimtobringittolife.

T:Youdidagoodjob.Butdidhisdreambecometrueatlast?

S3:Yes!TheGreekGoddessagreedtohelpandhiswishwasgranted.

T:Nowwhocanpresentthecompletestorybasedontheabovedescription?

S4:Letmetry.Pygmalionwasagiftedartist.Oneday,hedecidedtomakeastone

statueofabeautifulwoman.Heworkeddayandnightandatlasthefinished.Then

heclothedthefigure,decorateditwiththejewellery,andevennameditthe

SleepingLove.Theworkwassobeautifulthathecouldn'thelpthinkingthatifthe

statuecouldbebroughttolife,he'dverymuchlikeittobehiswife.Therefore,he

askedtheGreekGoddesstohelpmakeitalive.FinallytheGoddesswasmovedby

hissincerity.Hiswishwasgranted.Pygmalion:hrewhimselflohisfeet,thegirl

smeltdownathim.Afterwards,theyfellinlovewitheachotherandmarried.

T:Wonderful!Yuudidagoodjub!Nowlei'shaveadiscussioii.Duyouthinkdial

Pygmalionandhisstatue-wifewillbehappytogether?

S:No,Idon'tthinkso.

T:Whatproblemsdoyouthinktheywillhave?

SI:Maybetheycan'tunderstandeachother,becausetheycomefromdifferent

world.

S2:IfsveryhardforPygmaliontounderstandhiswife,becausehiswifeismade

fromastone.Shedoesn'tknowthewords,behavior,anythingabouthim.

T:Good.Howdoyouthinktheymightsolvethem?

S3:Pygmalionlovesthegirlsomuchthathedecidestoteachherhowtospeakand

howtobehaveherself.Littlebylittle,theyunderstandeachotherwellandlive

happily.

T:Goodimagination!ThestoryissointerestingthatitwasmadeintoafilmMy

FairLady,whichwasbasedontheplaybyBernardShaw.Doyouknowthisfamous

playwright?

StepIVHomework

Askthestudentstodothefollowing.

1.FindmoreinformationaboutPygmalion.

2.Pre-readtheplaytoseeiftheycanunderstandwell.

TheSecondPeriodReading

Teachinggoals教學(xué)目標(biāo)

1.Targetlanguage目標(biāo)語(yǔ)言

a.重點(diǎn)詞匯和短語(yǔ)

officer,hesitate,pence,uncomfortable,troublesome,outcome,disguise,brilliant,

classify,mile,betray,dismiss,condemn,ambassador,acquaintance,handful,

fortune,indisguise,pass...offas,makeone'sacquaintance,inamazement

b.重點(diǎn)句子

Anexpertinphonetics,convincedthatthequalityofaperson'sEnglishdecides

his/herpositioninsociety.

ThereyouarcandyouwerebominLissunGroveifTmnotniislakun.

But,sir,(proudly)onceeducatedtospeakproperly,thatgirlcouldpassherselfoff

inthreemonthsasaduchessatanambassador'sgardenparty.

Thisistheageofthenewlyrich.Peoplebegintheirworkinglifeinapoor

neighbourhoodofLondonwith80poundsayearandendinarichonewith100

thousand.

TheEnglishthatwillcondemnhertotheguttertotheendofherdays.

PerhapsIcouldevenfindheraplaceasalady'smaidorashopassistant,which

requiresbetterEnglish.

2.Abilitygoals能力目標(biāo)

Enablethestudentstotalkabouttheplayandusetheplaytoworkoutthe

characteristicsofeachsocialgroup.

3.Learningabilitygoals學(xué)能目標(biāo)

Helpthestudentslearnhowtotalkabouttheplayandusetheplaytoworkoutthe

characteristicsofeachsocialgroup.

Teachingimportantpoints教學(xué)重點(diǎn)

Howtotalkabouttheplay.

Teachingdifficultpoints教學(xué)難點(diǎn)

Howtousetheplaytoworkoutthecharacteristicsofeachsocialgroup.

Teachingmethods教學(xué)方法

Listening,readinganddiscussion.

Teachingaids教學(xué)準(zhǔn)備

Arecorder,acomputerandaprojector.

Teachingprocedures&ways教學(xué)過(guò)程與方式

StepIRevisionandleadin

ReviewthestoryPygmalion.

StepIIReading

DealwiththeReadingpart.Playthetapeforthestudentstolisten.Thenanalyze

theplay.Askthestudentstoreadthroughthetext.Whilereading,payatlenlionto

thewritingstyle.

Abklliicesludculstoreadllicplay.

T:NextIwillaskthreestudentstoreadtheplayagain.OnewillbeEliza,one

ProfessorHiggins,andoneColonelPickering.OK?Nowbegin!

Afterseveralminutes.

T:Great.NowIhavesomemorequestions.First:AccordingtoHiggins,ifaperson

isverypoor,heorshecanstillbebetteroffatlast.Doyouagreewithhim?Ifso,

howtorealizetheaim?

SI:Yes.Iagreewithhim.However,inordertorealizetheaim,heorshemustget

educated.

T:Whocancompletethelastsentence:inthefirstlineonpage29:Nowoncetaught

byme...?

S2:Letmetry.Oncetaughtbyme,shewillsoonbecomealadyintheupperclass.

T:Welldone.Whatotherthingsshowone'sstatueinsocietyapartfromhowone

speaks?

S3:One'sclothingandbehaviorcanalsoshowhisstatue.

T:DoyouthinkPickeringisoftheupperclass?

S4:Yes.Ithinkheiswelleducated.Wecanlearnitfromthewayhespeaks.For

example,44MayIask?”

T:Great!Nowpleaselistentothetapecarefullyandtrytocatchthemainideaof

thisact.

StepIIIComprehending

Thislimethestudentsshouldlistentothetapeascarefullyaspossible.Theyshould

notonlypayattentiontothepronunciationandintonationbutgetthemainideaof

theplayaswell.

T:Pygmalionisaplayaboutrecognizingaperson'spositioninsocietybytheway

theybehaveandspeak.

StepIVDiscussion

AskthestudentstodoPart5onpage31.

T:SupposeyouhaveachancetohelpElizaimproveheruseoftheEnglish

language.Lookatthesentencesonpage31inPart5andhelphercorrectallthese

sciilciiccsinlennsofgraiiniiar,spelling,clc,sodialshecanuseihumproperly.

Sampleanswers:

1.Comehere,andcomein.Buyflowersfromme-apoorgirl.

2.1didnothingwrongwhenIspoketothatgentleman.

3.1thoughtyoumaybewasapolicemanindisguise.

4.HowdoIknowwhetheryouwrotedownmywordsornot?

3.Yousay1canworkasashopassistant?Ihafsdefinitelywhat1want.

ThenaskthestudentstoreadtheplayagainanddoPart2onpage31.

T:Wehavelearnedthatthesocialpositionofthecharactersinfluencestheway

theybehavetoeachother.Generallyspeaking,peoplearemorepolitetothose

whomtheythinkarcofahighersocialclass(H)andlesspolitetothosethey

consideraremembersofalowerclass(L).IsthistrueofthecharactersinShaw's

play?NowpleasefinishPart2onpage31.

SampleanswerstoPart2:

RelationshipsbetweencharactersEvidencefromtheplay

HenryHiggins:1.Mydearman

1.AttitudetoColonelPickering(H)2.Dismissively,ignore,carelessly

2.AttitudetoEliza(L)throw

Isthestatementabovetrue?Thestatementistrue.

ColonelPickering:1.MayIask.../Letme

1.AttitudetoHenryHiggins(H)congratulateyou

2.AttitudetoEliza(L)2

Isthestatementabovetrue?Thestatementisnottrue.

Eliza:1.Pushesitbackathim

1.AttitudetoHenryHiggins(H)2

2.AttitudetoColonelPickering(H)

Isthestatementabovetrue?Thestatementisnottrue.

StepVHomework

T:Today'shomework:

1.Readtheplayrepeatedlyandtrytoactouttheplay.

2.Previewthegrammarpart.

TheThirdPeriodGrammar

Teachinggoals教學(xué)目標(biāo)

1.Targetlanguage目標(biāo)語(yǔ)言

a.重點(diǎn)詞匯和短語(yǔ)

inreturn,introuble,indisguise,inamazement,inpain,indelight,inshock

b.Grammar:Pastparticipleastheadverbial.

2.Abilitygoals能力目標(biāo)

Enablethestudentstousethepastparticipleastheadverbial.

3.Learningabilitygoals學(xué)能目標(biāo)

Helpthestudentslearnhowtousethepastparticipleastheadverbial.

Teachingimportantpoints教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)

Howtousethepastparticipleastheadverbial.

Teachingmethods教學(xué)方法

Task-basedactivities.

Teachingaids教學(xué)準(zhǔn)備

Someslidesandaprojector.

Teachingprocedures&ways教學(xué)過(guò)程與方式

StepIRevision

Checkthehomework.

Askthestudentstoactouttheplay.

T:YesterdayIaskedyoutopreparefortheplay-acting.Haveyouprepared?Now

Iwanttoaskthreestudentstohaveatry.

Aftertheyfinish,makesomecommentsontheirperformances.

StepIIWordstudy

AskthestudentstofinishExx.1and2inLearningaboutLanguage.

ThenchecktheanswerswithIheclass.

StepIIIGrammar

Firstaskthesludculslofindoultheexamplesofihcpastparticipleastheadverbial

intheplay:

Samplesentences:

1.Anexpertinphonetics,convincedthatthequalityofaperson'sEnglishdecides

his/herpositioninsociety.P28

2.But,sir,(proudly)onceeducatedlospeakproperly,thatgirlcouldpassherself

offinthreemonthsasaduchessatanambassador'sgardenparty.P30

Explanation:

T:Thepastparticipleastheadverbialisaveryimportantgrammar,anditcan

indicatetime,condition,reason,andway.Wecanaddwhen/while/iforother

conjunctionsbeforethepastparticipleinordertomakethemeaningmoreclearly.

Forexample:

Showthefollowing.

Ifbittenbyasnake,youshouldsendfbrhelpanddon'twalk.

Theroom,althoughsupposedtobekeptlocked,wasoftenleftopen.

T:Nowpleaselookatthefollowingexamples.CanyourewriteIhesesentences?

Showthefollowing.

1.Givenmoretime,wecoulddoitbetter.

2.Heatedtoahightemperature,waterwillchangetovapour.

3.Frightenedbythenoiseinthenight,thegirldidnotdaresleepinherroom.

4.Disturbedbythenoise,wehadtofinishthemeetingearly.

5.Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.

6.Shewalkedoutofthehouse,followedbyherlittledaughter.

Sampleanswers:

1.When/Ifweweregivenmoretime,wecoulddoitbetter.

2.When/Ifitisheatedtoahightemperature,waterwillchangetovapour.

3.Asshewasfrightenedbythenoiseinthenight,thegirldidnotdaresleepinher

room.

4.Asweweredisturbedbythenoise,wehadtofinishthemeetingearly.

5.Whenitisseenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.

6.Shewalkeduulofllichouse,andherlilllcdaughterfollowed.

Practice

AskthestudentstofinishParts2and3onpage33.

Timepermits,askthestudentstofinishExercises1and2inUSING

STRUCTURESonpage73.

StepIVSummaryandhomework

T:Whatdidwclearntoday?

S:Thepastparticipleastheadverbial.

T:Good.Whatshouldwepayattentiontowhenusingthepastparticipleasthe

adverbial?

S:Theagreementbetweenthesubjectsinthemainclauseandthepastparticiple

phrases.

T:Right.Afterclass,pleasefinishtheexercisesinUSINGWORDSAND

EXPRESSIONS.

TheFourthPeriodExtensivereading

Teachinggoals教學(xué)目標(biāo)

I.Targetlanguage目標(biāo)語(yǔ)言

a.重點(diǎn)詞匯和短語(yǔ)

pronounce,distinct,nail,compromise,horrible,bathtub,sob,disgusting,overlook,

alphabet,fade,classic,effective,show...in,theotherday,takeaway,inneedof,

fadeout

b.重點(diǎn)句子

I'mnotaskinganyiavours—andhetreatsmelikedirt.

I'dneverhavecomeifI'dknownaboutthisdisgustingthingyouwanttodotome,

I...

What'stobecomeofme?

2.Abilitygoals能力目標(biāo)

EnablethestudentstotalkabouttheplayMakingthebet.

3.Learningabilitygoals學(xué)能目標(biāo)

HelpthestudentslearnhowtotalkabouttheplayMakingthebet.

Teachingiinporlaiil&difHuullpoints教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)

HowtotalkabouttheplayMakingthebet.

Teachingmethods教學(xué)方法

Individualworkanddiscussion.

Teachingaids教學(xué)準(zhǔn)備

Arecorderandaprojector.

Teachingprocedures&ways教學(xué)過(guò)程與方式

StepIRevision

Checkthehomework.

AskthestudentstoreviewActOne:Fatefulmeetings.

StepIIReading

Havethestudentsreadtheplaycarefullyandthenanswerthefollowingquestions.

Afterafewminutes.

T:Nowanswermyquestions.First:DoyouthinkElizaisveryambitious?

S1:Yes,Ithinkso.BecauseshestilllikeslolearnevenifHigginstreatsherrudely.

T:WhydidPickeringfancyhimself?

S2:Becausehecanpronouncetwenty-fourdistinctvowelsounds.

T:WhathabitsdidElizahave?

S3:Shehasneverhadabathinherlife;notoverherwholebody.

T:WhatdoyouthinkHigginswouldhavetodotochangeElizaintoalady?

S4:InordertohaveElizamakeabigchange,Higginshastoteachherthealphabet.

T:HowdoyouthinkColonelPickering?

S5:IthinkPickeringisverykindandwcll-cducatcd.

T:WhydoesElizacollectHenry'sslippersforhimalthoughsheisnotaservant?

S6:AlthoughElizaisnotaservant,fromherdeepheart,shelooksdownupon

herself,andthinksheisinthelowerclass.ButHenryisinthehigherclass.SoI

thinkshecollectshisslipperswillingly.

T:Whydoesshethrowtheshoesathim?

S7:BecauseHenrylooksdownuponher,whichdeeplyhurtsher.Sheisveryangry.

T:WhyduesHenrylliinkhewinsthebcl?

S8:BecausehethinksitishewhomakesElizaattractiveintheparty.

T:WhydoesElizagetupsetwhenHenrydoesnotcongratulateher?

S9:BecauseinEliza'sopinion,itisshethattriesherbesttomakeotherpeople

attractedtoher.

T:WhydoesHenrygelupsetwhenhehearsElizawillmarryFreddy?

S10:Infact,helovesEliza,1think.

Afterthat,theteachercanleadthestudentstohaveadiscussionabouttheending

oftheplay.Showthefollowing.

1.DoyouthinkElizashouldmarryHenry?

2.DoyouthinkElizashouldmarryFreddy?

3.IfElizalovesHenryandmarrieshim,doyouthinkhewillbecomeagood

husband?

Abouttenminuteslater,askthestudentstopresenttheiranswers.

StepIHHomework

ThefifthPeriodSpeakingandwriting

Teachinggoals教學(xué)目標(biāo)

1.Targetlanguage目標(biāo)語(yǔ)言

Practiseexpressingconjecture

Iwonderwhether...

Isitpossiblethat...?

Doyouknowif...?

Doyoureallythinkthat'strue?

2.Abilitygoals能力目標(biāo)

Enablethestudentstowriteasceneoftheplay.

3.Learningabilitygoals學(xué)能目標(biāo)

Helpthestudentslearnhowtowriteasceneoftheplay.

Teachingimportant&difficultpoints教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)

Howtowriteasceneoftheplay.

Teachingmethods教學(xué)方法

Discussionandpraclicc.

Teachingaids教學(xué)準(zhǔn)備

Acomputerandaprojector.

Teachingprocedures&ways教學(xué)過(guò)程與方式

StepIRevision

Checkthehomeworkbyaskingsomestudentstoreadtheirwork.

StepIIDiscussion

AskthestudentstodiscusshowElizafeltafterherfirstlesson.

T:Nowworkinpairsanddiscussthefollowingquestions.

Showthefollowing.

1.HowdidElizafeelaboutherfirstlesson?

2.HowdoyouthinkMrsPearcewouldcomforther?

3.HowwouldProfessorHigginsandColonelPickeringbehaveinthesecond

lesson?

Sampleanswers:

1.1thinkshemaybediscouraged.Shemaythinkitistoodifficulttolearnformal

English.

2.MrsPcarccwouldcomfortorencourageherbysaying:"Don'tworry,dearlady.

It\notthateasytobecomeamemberoftheupperclass.Keeptryingandyonare

suretosucceed.''

3.Inthesecondlesson,ProfessorHigginsandColonelPickeringwouldbemore

kindandpatient.

StepIIIWriting

T:Pleaseturntopage36andlookatthePart2.Readtheinstructionsandwritea

sceneinwhichProfessorHigginsgivesElizahersecondlesson.

Sampleversion1:

ActTwo,Scene3

(ProfessorHigginsiswaitingforElizatocometotheirsecondlesson.Helooksup

andsmilesassheenterstheroom.)

H:Ah,Eliza.Readytodayforoursecondlesson9

E;(sluwlyandcarefully)Yc-cs.Wecanbeginnuw.

H:Well.Tobeginwith,thegrammarItaughtyoulastlesson,canyourepeatit?

E:Er...,Letmethinkforawhile...

H:Whatasillygirl!Ican'tteachyouanymore.Maybesellingflowersinastreet

isjustyoursuitablejob.

P:Oh,come,comeHiggins.Sheisjustalittlegirlandshehasdoneherbest.You'd

bettercalmdownandbemorepatient.

E:(sobbing)I'msureIcanrememberit.GivemeachanceandI'Hwriteitdown

immediately.

H:ImustsayifsmyfaultandIbegyourpardon.Lefsleaveitaloneandbeginour

newlesson.

E:(gratefully)It'sverykindofyou,Professor.IwillworkharderandIwon'tlet

youdownagain.

H:OK.Nowlet'sdosomepracticeinpronunciationwhichcantrulyimproveyour

positioninsociety.Sopayattentiontotherecordsandrepeat.

(Elizalistenedtotherecordcarefullybutshejustcouldn'tfollow.)

E:I'mafraidIcan'tfollowit.Canyoumakeitslowly?

H:Impossible.Onlybyfollowingthisspeedcanyoumakeagracefullady.

P:Mygoodfriend.Howcanshelearnfromitifshecan'tfollowit?Tt\notonly

patiencethatateacherneeds,hemusttakehisstudent'slevelintoaccount.

H:Sorry.Maybeyouareright.Tilmakeitslowly.

E:Muchbetternow.Thankstoyourguidance,IfeelI'mnotthepersonIusedto

be.

H:Keeponandalwaysrememberyouhavealongwaytogo.

E:Howlongwillittakemetogetallaboutlanguage?

H:It'suptoyou.Themoreyouwanttosucceedtheshorteritwilltake.

P:Higgins,Ihavetosaythatyouhavechangedalot.Youarearealteachernow.

Andyou,Eliza,youcan'texpecttoomuch.Youmustlearnstepbystep.It'syour

lucktohaveHigginstobeyourteacher.He'lldoyoumuchgood.

Sampleversion2:

ActTwo,Sucuc3

(ProfessorHigginsiswaitingforElizatocometotheirsecondlesson.Helooksup

andsmilesassheenterstheroom.)

H:Ah,Eliza.Readytodayforoursecondlesson9

E:(slowlyandcarefully)Ye-es...

H:Itseemsthatyouarealittleuncomfortable.Doyoufeelnervous?

E:Ohno,I'mfine,but...

H:(alittleimpatient)Whysouncomfortable,Eliza?Youhavemadegreatprogress

asweallcansee.Areyouplanningtogiveup?

E:(raiseshereyes)Ohno,I'mnot.Let'sstart,MrHiggins.Whatwouldyoulike

toshowmetoday?

H:(picksupadressandthrowittoEliza)PutitonandI'lltellyouhowtobehave

inagrandparty.

E:(hesitates)Onagrandparty?Isittooearly?Oh,thedressistoolarge!Ican't

evenwalk!

H:Whatapoorgirl!Ofcourseyoudon'thavetokeepit,ifyouarereadytobea

flowergirlagain.Forawell-educatedgirl,itisimportanttoknowhowtodealwith

differentsituationsinaproperway.Forexamplewhensomeoneinviteyoutodance,

alwaysremembertosay"I'dliketo!Thankycii.”

E:Yes!

H:YourEnglishneedsfurtherimprovement.Noonewillbelievesucha

pronunciationcomesfromawell-educatedgirl.

E:Pardon?

H:OK,OK.That'senough.Dance,please.

E:(seeingProfessor'sfunnyfaceandcan'thelplaughing)Ha,ha,ha...

H:(angrily)Stop!Yousoundsorudeandnobodywillenjoyit!Silly!

E:(stoplaughingandactasHiggins)Likethis?

P:(enterstheroom)Oh,Ican'tbelievemyeyes!Isityourmasterpiece?

H:It'ssosimple.

P:Whatabeautifulandgracefullady!MayIhavethehonortodancewithyou?

H;(waluhiugandsmiling)Whalauiaslcrpicucshewillbe!

StepIVHomework

Askthestudentstosummarizewhattheyhavelearnedinthisunitandpreparefor

thenextunit.

重點(diǎn)詞匯(1)

HThisplaybyGeorgeBernardShawisanadaptationofaclassicGreekstory.蕭伯納

的這個(gè)劇本是根據(jù)一個(gè)經(jīng)典的希臍傳說(shuō)改編的。

adaptationn.適應(yīng)(性)；改編本

makeanadaptationto適應(yīng)...

Xadaptv.(使)適應(yīng);(使)適合vt.改編；修改

adaptto適應(yīng)...

adaptoneselfto...使某人適應(yīng)...

adaptsth.for...為了...而改編某物

adaptsth.from...由...改編

(1)Theexpertisgivingalectureontheadaptationofdesertspeciestothehotconditions.

這位專家正在做關(guān)于沙漠物種對(duì)炎熱環(huán)境的適應(yīng)的講座。

(2)Itissaidthatthenewplaywasadaptedfromalongnovel.據(jù)說(shuō)這部新劇是改編自

一部長(zhǎng)篇小說(shuō)。

［一句多譯］

(3)有些動(dòng)物學(xué)會(huì)了適應(yīng)環(huán)境的變化。

①Someanimalsleamtomakeaeadaptationtothechangeofenvironment.(adaptation)

②Someanimalslearntoadaptthemselvesto/adapt［othechangeofenvironment.(adapt)

BAgentlemanGpassesandhesitatesforamomem.有位先生簡(jiǎn)稱G從這兒路過(guò)，

他遲疑了片刻。

hesitatevi.猶豫;躊躇

^hesitateabout/over/at...M猶豫不決

hesitatetodosth.做某事有顧慮

^hesitationn.猶豫

withouthesitation毫不猶豫地

havenohesitationindoingsth.毫不猶豫地做某事

(1)Afewstudentshesitatedtostart.Theywaitedtoseewhattherestoftheclasswould

do.

幾個(gè)學(xué)生猶豫著要不要開始，他們等著看其他同學(xué)怎么做。

(2)1hesitatedabout/ove17altakinghissideuntilIknewthewholestory.我在了解了全

部情況后，才打消顧慮，支持他的立場(chǎng)。

［一句多譯］

(3)這個(gè)年輕人毫不猶豫地開始改編這部小說(shuō)。

①Theyoungmandidn'ihesitatetobegintoadaptthisnovel.(hesitate)

②Theyoungmanhadnohesitationinbeginningtoadaptthisnovel.(hesitation)

③Theyoungmanbegantoadaptthisnovelwithouthesitation.(hesitation)

同Simplyphoneticsstudiedandclassifiedfrompeople'sownspeech.對(duì)人的發(fā)音進(jìn)

行研究、分類，如此而已。

classifyvt.把...分類；把歸類

Xo...把...分類為

classify...by/according10…根據(jù)...劃分

classifysih.as...把某事物歸類為...

Xclassifiedadj.分類的；機(jī)密的

(l)Inthestudyfamiliesareclassifiedby/accordingtotheirincomes.

這項(xiàng)研究根據(jù)收入對(duì)家庭進(jìn)行分類。

(2)Thesecowsareclassifiedasararebreedinthatremotevillage.在那個(gè)偏遠(yuǎn)的村子

里，這些奶牛被歸為稀有動(dòng)物。

(3)Tohelpthechildrenadapttothenewlifesoon,theywereclassifiedintothreegroups.

為了幫助孩子們盡快適應(yīng)新生活，他們被分成了三組。

(4)Inaword,theclassified(classify)advertisementisthesimplestone.

總之，分類廣告是最簡(jiǎn)單的一種廣告。

EIYoucanplaceamanbyjustafewremarks.你可以僅根據(jù)幾句話就判定一個(gè)人來(lái)

自何地。

remarkn.談?wù)?；言論；評(píng)述vt.&vi.談?wù)?；評(píng)論；說(shuō)起

makearemark/remarkson/upon對(duì)...發(fā)表意見

remarkthat...評(píng)論...，說(shuō)

remarkon/upon談?wù)?評(píng)論...

Xremarkableadj.引人注目的；不尋常的

(1)Hewasremarkingon/uponthesubjectwhenIcamein.我進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)，他正在評(píng)論這

個(gè)問(wèn)題。

(2)Themediaremarkedthatthesoldierwassobravethatherushedintothefiretosave

thechildwithouthesitation.媒體評(píng)論說(shuō)，那位戰(zhàn)士非常勇敢，亳不猶豫地沖進(jìn)火里

去救那個(gè)孩子。

(3)AllofthismakestheactionsofthehomelessTomSmithevenmore

remarkable(remark).

(2018?北京)

所有這些都使得無(wú)家可歸的湯姆?史密斯的行為更引人注目。

SLookatthisgirlwithherterribleEnglish：theEnglishthatwillcondemnhertothe

guttertotheendofherdays.看這個(gè)女孩，她說(shuō)的英語(yǔ)太糟糕了，那一口英語(yǔ)使她

注定要在貧民窟里待一輩子了。

condemnvt.譴責(zé)；使...處于不幸(或不愉快)的狀態(tài)

condemnsb.for...因...而譴責(zé)某人

condemnsb./sth.as…譴責(zé)/指責(zé)某人/某事為...

condemnsb.to/todosth.判處某人某種刑罰；迫使某人接受困境或不愉快的狀況

becondemned/sentencedtodeath被判處死刑

(l)Helikesplayingjokesonothers,whichmanypeoplecondemnhimfor.

他喜歡開別人的玩笑，很多人因此責(zé)備他。

(2)Wedefinitelycondemninternationalterrorismasacriminalact.

我們明確譴責(zé)國(guó)際恐怖主義的犯罪行為。

(3)Thejudgecondemnedhimtosevenyearsinjail.

法官判處他七年監(jiān)禁。

［高級(jí)表達(dá)］

(4)Asthecriminalwascondemned/sentencedtodeath,hewasveryfrightened.(用非

謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞改寫)

—Condemned/Sentencedtodeath,thecriminalwasveryfrightened.

用But,sir,proudlyonceeducatedtospeakproperly,thatgirlcouldpassherselfoff

inthreemonthsasaduchessatanambassador'sgardenparty.不過(guò)，先生，高傲地一

旦有人教她把英語(yǔ)說(shuō)好了，她就可以在三個(gè)月內(nèi)冒充公爵夫人，出席大使主辦的

花園晚會(huì)了。

pass...offas...(把某人)改變或冒充成……

passaway去世

passsth.down把...傳給后世

pass...onto...把...傳遞給

passby走過(guò)；經(jīng)過(guò)

(1)Thegoodtraditionhasbeenpasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration.

這一優(yōu)良傳統(tǒng)已經(jīng)一代代地傳了下來(lái)。

(2)Hepassedhimselfoffasapolicemantoescapethefine.為逃避罰款，他冒充警察。

(3)1wassorrytolearnthathismotherhadpassedaway.聽說(shuō)他母親去世了,我很難

過(guò)。

8AndIcametoEnglandtomakeyouracQuain.tan^e!我來(lái)英國(guó)希望結(jié)識(shí)你！

acquaintancen.相識(shí)；了解;熟人

Xmakeone'sacquaintance=maketheacquaintanceofsb.結(jié)識(shí)某人；與某人初次

相見

haveanoddingacquaintancewithsb.與某人有點(diǎn)頭之交

havesomeacquaintancewith熟悉；了解

havenoacquaintancewith不熟悉；不了解

Xacquaintvt.使熟悉,告知

beacquaintedwith熟悉...；了解；與相識(shí)

(l)Secondly,Icanmaketheacquaintanceofpeoplewhosharethesameinterest

throughthisactivity.

其次，通過(guò)這次活動(dòng)我可以結(jié)識(shí)志趣相投的人。

(2)1justhaveanoddingacquaintancewithhim,so1havenorighttoremarkonhim.

我和他只是點(diǎn)頭之交，所以無(wú)權(quán)評(píng)論他。

(3)HeonceworkedinGermany,sohehadsomeacquainlancewithGerman.

他以前在德國(guó)工作過(guò)，所以對(duì)德語(yǔ)有一些了解。

(4)SheismybestfriendandIamalsowellacguainted(acquaint)withherfamily.

她是我最好的朋友，我和她的家人也很熟。

B.Generallyspeaking,peoplearemorepolitetothosewhotheythinkareofahigher

socialclassHandlesspolitetothosetheyconsideraremembersofalowerclassL.一

般來(lái)說(shuō)，人們對(duì)于他們認(rèn)為社會(huì)地位高的人高更有禮貌，而對(duì)于那些他們認(rèn)為社

會(huì)地位低的人低態(tài)度就會(huì)差一些。

generallyspeaking一般來(lái)說(shuō)

honestlyspeaking誠(chéng)實(shí)地說(shuō)

strictlyspeaking嚴(yán)格地說(shuō)

broadlyspeaking廣義地說(shuō)

personallyspeaking就個(gè)人而言

roughlyspeaking粗略地說(shuō)

(1)Generallyspeaking,thosewhopayattentiontophysicalexerciseareingoodhealth.

一般來(lái)說(shuō)，那些注意體育鍛煉的人身體健康狀況曳好。

(2)Strictlyspeaking,youmustfinishtheworkbefore3o'clock.

嚴(yán)格地說(shuō)，你必須在三點(diǎn)前完成這項(xiàng)工作。

(3)Honestlyspeaking,Iameagertomaketheacquaintanceofthatfamousprofessor.

說(shuō)實(shí)話，我非?？释Y(jié)識(shí)那位著名的教授。

ElCorrectallthesesentencesintermsofgrammar,spelling,etc,sothatshecanuse

ihemproperly.從語(yǔ)法、拼寫等方面來(lái)改正所有這些句子，好讓她能恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂盟?/p>

們。

intermsof...就...來(lái)說(shuō)；從角度

beongood/badleanswilhsb.與某人關(guān)系好/不好

inthelong/shortterm從長(zhǎng)期/短期來(lái)看

(1)Ourcommunitiesbenefitfromartsintermsofeconomy。。18?江蘇)

在經(jīng)濟(jì)方面我們的群體從藝術(shù)中受益。

(2)1'vebeenongoodtermswithmyfatherlately.

最近我和父親關(guān)系融治。

(3)Learningisnotalwayseasy,butitisalwaysbeneficialinthelongterm.學(xué)習(xí)并不

總是那么簡(jiǎn)單，但從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)看它總是有益的。

經(jīng)典句式

Willthatanywisetoyou?這點(diǎn)錢對(duì)你有用嗎？

X“bcof+抽象名詞”相當(dāng)于“be+該名詞所對(duì)應(yīng)的形容詞形式”，且名詞前可以

用great,much,little,no,any,some等修飾，用來(lái)說(shuō)明人或事物的性質(zhì)或特

征。

※介詞of后面還可接一些表示人或物屬性的名詞，如size,color,height,

length,age,shape,quality等，用來(lái)描述人或事物的屬性，在句中作表語(yǔ)或后

置定語(yǔ)。這些名詞沒(méi)有相應(yīng)的形容詞形式，因此不能用“be+形容詞”來(lái)代替“be

+of+n."。用在這些名詞前的限定詞常是a,an,the,thesame,my,your等，

of表示“具有“，有時(shí)可省去。

(1)TheNobelPrizeisofgreatimportancetoChinesemedicine.這項(xiàng)