英語中考復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解之記敘文專題052026年中考一輪復(fù)習(xí)講練測(cè)目錄01

考情剖析·命題前瞻02

思維導(dǎo)圖·網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)建03

題型通關(guān)·靶向突破04

優(yōu)題精選·練能提分考點(diǎn)1題型破解?文體特點(diǎn)?選項(xiàng)規(guī)律考點(diǎn)2解題要點(diǎn)?細(xì)節(jié)理解題?推理判斷題?觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度類型題?寫作意圖類型題?詞義猜測(cè)題?主旨大意題01一輪·講練測(cè)考情剖析·命題前瞻考情透視·目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航題型考查形式2025年在各地中考卷中所占比重閱讀理解之記敘文

選擇題

非選擇題在閱讀理解部分（通常為3-4篇），記敘文至少占1篇。部分地區(qū)會(huì)達(dá)到2篇。其分值約占閱讀總分的25%-40%，占全卷總分比重約10%-15%?？记榉治?一)命題特點(diǎn)分析√選材主題鮮明，突出“立德樹人”1.主題分布2.價(jià)值導(dǎo)向個(gè)人成長經(jīng)歷親情友情社會(huì)善意文化自信人與社會(huì)人與自然文章普遍蘊(yùn)含積極向上的價(jià)值觀，如堅(jiān)持、勇氣、誠實(shí)、寬容、責(zé)任感引導(dǎo)學(xué)生形成正確的價(jià)值觀和人生觀考情透視·目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航考情分析(一)命題特點(diǎn)分析(二)命題思路總結(jié)能力考查全面，聚焦“高階思維”1.文本語言地道，強(qiáng)調(diào)“語境理解”。文章多源于英文原版材料的改編，語言生動(dòng)、自然，包含豐富的對(duì)話和心理描寫。2.對(duì)長難句的理解能力要求提高，句子結(jié)構(gòu)更為復(fù)雜。1.設(shè)題位置規(guī)律細(xì)節(jié)理解題推理判斷題詞義猜測(cè)題主旨大意題作者意圖/觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題不再“直來直往”，常需進(jìn)行同義轉(zhuǎn)述或?qū)Χ嗵幮畔⑦M(jìn)行簡單歸納。成為絕對(duì)主力題型。考查對(duì)人物動(dòng)機(jī)、情感變化、事件因果、言外之意的深層推斷。緊密結(jié)合故事情節(jié)，考查通過上下文邏輯線索推斷生詞或短語含義的能力。要求準(zhǔn)確概括故事核心思想或選擇最佳標(biāo)題，干擾項(xiàng)常為細(xì)節(jié)性信息或過于寬泛的表述?？疾閷W(xué)生是否能跳出故事本身，洞察作者講述此故事的目的（如：分享一個(gè)教訓(xùn)、贊揚(yáng)一種品質(zhì)）或其對(duì)事件/人物的態(tài)度。題目順序通常與故事發(fā)展順序（自然順序）一致考情透視·目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航考情分析(二)命題思路總結(jié)2.命題核心思維:命題的底層邏輯是測(cè)試學(xué)生是否真正“讀懂”了故事，而不僅僅是“看到”了文字。理解故事的情感脈絡(luò)因果鏈條核心價(jià)值命題預(yù)測(cè)(一)主題預(yù)測(cè)科技與人情文化傳承與創(chuàng)新心理健康與韌性生態(tài)環(huán)保意識(shí)跨文化理解與交流講述青少年如何平衡數(shù)字生活與現(xiàn)實(shí)交往，或利用科技解決現(xiàn)實(shí)問題、傳遞溫暖的故事。關(guān)于青少年體驗(yàn)、學(xué)習(xí)并創(chuàng)新性傳承非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)（如剪紙、戲曲、節(jié)慶）的故事。圍繞如何面對(duì)壓力、焦慮、失敗，并最終培養(yǎng)成長型思維和心理韌性的敘事。通過個(gè)人或集體的具體行動(dòng)，體現(xiàn)青少年對(duì)環(huán)境問題的關(guān)注和責(zé)任的故事。中國學(xué)生與外國友人的交往故事，或在海外經(jīng)歷文化沖突與融合的故事?？记橥敢暋つ繕?biāo)導(dǎo)航命題預(yù)測(cè)(二)題型預(yù)測(cè)推理判斷題詞義猜測(cè)題段落目的/結(jié)構(gòu)題綜合性與開放性將繼續(xù)保持其核心地位和最高出題頻率，且設(shè)問角度將更細(xì)膩。詞義猜測(cè)題的考查將更側(cè)重對(duì)“熟詞生義”和特定語境下短語含義的理解。可能會(huì)增多，考查學(xué)生對(duì)段落功能（如：引入背景、推動(dòng)情節(jié)、抒發(fā)情感）的理解?？赡艹霈F(xiàn)需要綜合全文多個(gè)信息點(diǎn)才能解答的題目，對(duì)學(xué)生的整體把握能力要求更高。02一輪·講練測(cè)思維導(dǎo)圖·網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)建思維導(dǎo)圖·網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)建人物(who)事件(what)時(shí)間(when)地點(diǎn)(where)主旨(why)主角、配角及關(guān)系核心經(jīng)過（起因

→經(jīng)過

→結(jié)果）時(shí)間線、時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)（過去時(shí)為主）場景轉(zhuǎn)換與情節(jié)關(guān)聯(lián)情感態(tài)度、道理啟示細(xì)節(jié)理解題推理判斷題詞義猜測(cè)題主旨大意題態(tài)度觀點(diǎn)題定位關(guān)鍵詞（時(shí)間/人名/數(shù)字）核心結(jié)合語境——排除絕對(duì)化表述利用同義/反義/上下文邏輯抓收尾段，高頻情感詞識(shí)別褒貶詞匯(happy/sad/disappointed...)記敘文文章核心要素?？碱}型突破解題步驟技巧記錯(cuò)點(diǎn)警示思維導(dǎo)圖·網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)建混淆人物行為與觀點(diǎn)忽略時(shí)態(tài)，時(shí)間順序陷阱誤選表面信息（未深層理解主旨）單詞釋義脫離上下文略讀定位細(xì)讀驗(yàn)證快速掃讀首尾段

→

把握主旨精讀定位句

→匹配選項(xiàng)（注意同義替換）題干關(guān)鍵詞

→

原文對(duì)應(yīng)段落排除干擾項(xiàng)（偷換概念/過度推理）記敘文文章核心要素?？碱}型突破解題步驟技巧記錯(cuò)點(diǎn)警示03一輪·講練測(cè)題型通關(guān)·靶向突破考點(diǎn)01題型破解精講·知識(shí)夯基一、文體特點(diǎn)1.命題分布記敘文是中考閱讀的“必考題”分值比重遵循的規(guī)律約占閱讀理解總分的25%-40%，是閱讀部分的得分基石與拉分關(guān)鍵。題量通常為1-2篇，題數(shù)為3-8小題。推理判斷題：核心題型，幾乎必考2-3題?？疾閷?duì)人物情感、動(dòng)機(jī)、事件因果、言外之意的理解。細(xì)節(jié)理解題：穩(wěn)定出現(xiàn)1-2題。但多為“轉(zhuǎn)述型”細(xì)節(jié)，而非直接查找。主旨大意題：常見，通常為最后1題?？疾閷?duì)故事主題、標(biāo)題或作者寫作目的的理解。詞義猜測(cè)題：高頻出現(xiàn)1題?？疾橥ㄟ^上下文推斷生詞或代詞含義的能力。題型頻率（由高到低）考點(diǎn)01題型破解精講·知識(shí)夯基一、文體特點(diǎn)2.難度分析“看似簡單，陷阱深藏”詞匯和句型大多在考綱范圍內(nèi)，故事背景貼近生活，學(xué)生基本能讀懂字面意思。但深層理解難：信息定位難情感把握難選項(xiàng)干擾強(qiáng)答案往往不直接給出，需要聯(lián)系前后文，進(jìn)行信息整合與推斷。人物的情感和態(tài)度很少直說，需要通過對(duì)話、動(dòng)作、心理描寫來推斷。錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)設(shè)計(jì)精巧，極具迷惑性，容易讓理解流于表面的學(xué)生“踩坑”。考點(diǎn)01題型破解精講·知識(shí)夯基二、選項(xiàng)規(guī)律規(guī)律一：正確選項(xiàng)的“兩大特征”同義轉(zhuǎn)述合理概括這是正確選項(xiàng)最常見的形式。它不會(huì)直接抄襲原文，而是用不同的詞語或句式表達(dá)相同的意思。針對(duì)主旨題或推理題，正確選項(xiàng)能基于全文信息，做出邏輯嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)母爬ɑ蛲茢?。?guī)律二：干擾選項(xiàng)的“四大陷阱”無中生有偷換概念以偏概全過度推斷選項(xiàng)中的信息在原文完全找不到依據(jù)，但本身看似合理。破解：牢記“答案源于文本”。遇到任何選項(xiàng)，必須回原文找到支持或反對(duì)的證據(jù)。使用原文中的關(guān)鍵詞，但扭曲了其邏輯關(guān)系、主語、賓語或時(shí)間狀態(tài)。破解：緊盯“誰，做了什么，對(duì)誰，在何時(shí)”。注意選項(xiàng)的主語、謂語、賓語是否與原文一致。。將文章中的某個(gè)次要細(xì)節(jié)、個(gè)別例子或片面觀點(diǎn)，放大為全文主旨或整體情況。破解：主旨題要通盤考慮，尤其關(guān)注文章的開頭、結(jié)尾和反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的核心詞。推斷方向正確，但程度過深、過于絕對(duì)或超出了原文的支撐范圍。破解：推斷必須基于原文“線索”，做到“有理有據(jù)”，切忌憑空想象。警惕含有絕對(duì)化詞匯（如must,never,all,completely）的選項(xiàng)?？键c(diǎn)02解題要點(diǎn)精講·知識(shí)夯基一、細(xì)節(jié)理解題審題干，定關(guān)鍵詞回原文，精準(zhǔn)定位比選項(xiàng)，找同義轉(zhuǎn)述快速閱讀題干，圈定人名、地名、時(shí)間、數(shù)字等關(guān)鍵信息。帶著關(guān)鍵詞回到原文，找到與之對(duì)應(yīng)的句子或段落。將原文信息與選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行比對(duì)，正確答案通常是原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。1.解題步驟考點(diǎn)02解題要點(diǎn)精講·知識(shí)夯基一、細(xì)節(jié)理解題答案必有據(jù)警惕原詞重現(xiàn)答案必須能在原文中找到直接或間接的依據(jù)。包含原文原詞的選項(xiàng)可能是陷阱，需特別小心2.解題原則3.高頻考點(diǎn)事件發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、方式。人物做了什么事。事件的具體經(jīng)過。4.題型與考查角度查學(xué)生對(duì)文章具體信息的查找、識(shí)別和理解能力?？键c(diǎn)02解題要點(diǎn)中考·考法聚焦一、細(xì)節(jié)理解題【典例】【2025年重慶卷】

Whatwasthewriter'smainjobinthecommunitygardenprojectatthebeginning?A.Designingthegardenlayout. B.Plantingflowersandvegetables.C.

Wateringtheplantsandcleaningthearea. D.Communicatingwiththecommunity.原文片段：WhenIfirstjoinedthecommunitygardenproject,Iwasgiventhemostbasictasks.Mymainjobwastowatertheyoungplantseveryeveningandtokeeptheareacleanbypullingoutweedsandpickingupanylitter.Itwasn'tthemostexcitingwork,butIunderstooditwasimportant.Atthebeginning,Iwasn'tinvolvedinthemorecreativeparts,likedesigningthelayoutorchoosingwhichflowersandvegetablestoplant.Thosedecisionsweremadebyasmallteamofmoreexperiencedmembers.Myrolewasallaboutthedailycareandmaintenance.1.審題干；2.回原文；3.比選項(xiàng)考點(diǎn)02解題要點(diǎn)精講·知識(shí)夯基二、推理判斷題推理判斷題是中考閱讀理解試題中的重要題型之一,包括推理和判斷兩個(gè)方面，是區(qū)分度最高的題型?？疾榭忌高^文章表面文字信息推測(cè)文章隱含意思，進(jìn)行邏輯推理，對(duì)文章的細(xì)節(jié)、作者的態(tài)度、意圖作出正確推理判斷的能力。分析真題可知，推斷題呈不斷上升的趨勢(shì)，且由過去簡單的對(duì)號(hào)入座直接答題轉(zhuǎn)向通過語句的同義或反義詞及長難句來考查考生對(duì)語言的理解能力，難度比之前有所增加?？键c(diǎn)02解題要點(diǎn)精講·知識(shí)夯基二、推理判斷題1.高頻考點(diǎn)1.推斷人物的真實(shí)感受、動(dòng)機(jī)或性格特征。2.推斷事件的因果關(guān)系或可能的發(fā)展。3.推斷故事的隱含意義或結(jié)局。2.解題步驟定位信息源讀懂字里行間合理推斷找到題干涉及的相關(guān)段落或句子。分析上下文邏輯關(guān)系，關(guān)注人物的動(dòng)作、語言、心理描寫?；谠男畔?，進(jìn)行一步邏輯上的延伸和推斷，得出言外之意。3.解題原則立足原文，推斷一步事實(shí)與觀點(diǎn)分離推斷必須基于原文，不能無中生有，也不能過度推斷。區(qū)分文中客觀描述的事實(shí)和作者或人物主觀的觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度?？键c(diǎn)02解題要點(diǎn)中考·考法聚焦二、推理判斷題【典例】Whatcanweinferaboutthewriterfromthelastparagraph?A.Hewillgiveupwritinginthefuture.B.Hehasrealizedthepositivepowerofwriting.C.Hethinkswritingisonlyusefulforprofessionals.D.Hefindswritingmakeshimmorestressed.原文片段："IlookedatthepagesIhadfilled.Thewords,onceatangledmessinmymind,nowlayclearandcalmonpaper.Theanxietythathadfeltsoheavybegantoloosenitsgrip.Ihadn'tjustwrittendownmythoughts;Ihadwrittenmywaytoasenseofpeace.ItwasthenIunderstoodthatthistoolwasnotforcreatingmasterpieces,butformakingsenseofmyself.IknewIwouldkeepthispractice,forithadbecomemyanchor."1.定位信息源；2.讀（深沉含義，邏輯關(guān)系）；3.合理推斷推斷：寫作

→

緩解焦慮、帶來平靜

→

成為生活支柱。這完美地詮釋了“意識(shí)到了寫作的積極力量”。緩解焦慮帶來平靜生活支柱考點(diǎn)02解題要點(diǎn)精講·知識(shí)夯基三、觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度類題型1.題型與考查角度考查學(xué)生對(duì)情感態(tài)度詞匯的敏感度和對(duì)文本情感的把握能力。2.解題步驟明確對(duì)象尋找情感詞綜合判斷看清題目問的是作者的態(tài)度還是文中人物的態(tài)度。圈出能體現(xiàn)態(tài)度、情感的形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞等。結(jié)合人物的言行和故事情節(jié)，進(jìn)行綜合判斷。3.解題原則緊扣文本注意褒貶色彩態(tài)度必須源于文本證據(jù)，不能憑個(gè)人常識(shí)判斷。區(qū)分積極、消極或中立態(tài)度。4.高頻考點(diǎn)(1)作者或人物對(duì)某人、某事的看法。(2)故事中人物的情感變化?？键c(diǎn)02解題要點(diǎn)中考·考法聚焦三、觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度類題型【典例】【2025年廣東卷】Howdidtheboyfeelabouthisfinishedbookshelf?A.Ashamedofitsimperfections. B.Proudofhisownwork.C.Gratefulforothers'help. D.Curiousaboutbetterdesigns.原文片段：Finally,afterdaysofsawing,hammering,andsanding,thebookshelfwascomplete.Itwasn'tperfect—onelegwasslightlyshorter,makingitwobble,andtherewereafewscratchesonthesurface.Theboysteppedbackandlookedathiswork.Awidesmilespreadacrosshisface.Awaveofpridewashedoverhim.Thiswassomethinghehadbuiltwithhisowntwohands.Hecouldn'twaittoshowhisfamilyandfilltheshelveswithhisfavoritebooks.1.明確對(duì)象；2.尋找情感詞；3.綜合判斷考點(diǎn)02解題要點(diǎn)精講·知識(shí)夯基四、寫作意圖類題型1.題型與考查角度考查學(xué)生對(duì)文章整體功能和作者寫作目的的概括能力。4.高頻考點(diǎn)作者希望通過故事傳達(dá)的道理、鼓勵(lì)的精神或分享的經(jīng)歷。2.解題步驟整體把握思考目的選擇答案通讀全文，理解文章主要內(nèi)容。問自己“作者為什么要寫這個(gè)故事？他想告訴讀者什么？”選項(xiàng)通常是動(dòng)詞短語，如toshare.../toencourage.../toexplain...等。3.解題原則高于細(xì)節(jié)緊扣主旨寫作意圖是文章的靈魂，需跳出細(xì)節(jié)，從整體把握。寫作意圖與文章主旨大意緊密相關(guān)。原文片段：（2025·山西·中考真題）Bellusedtoworkasachildren’sbooksellerandhelpedyoungpeopleofallagesfindtheirperfectbooksBellsayssciencealsocomesfromhumancuriosity(好奇心)andimagination,whicharesimilartothehopethatcreatesmagicinthestory.Shehopesherbookscanencourageyoungreaderstolearnmoreaboutscience考點(diǎn)02解題要點(diǎn)中考·考法聚焦四、寫作意圖類題型【典例】WhatisBell’spurposeofwritingthetwomagicbooks?A．Toopenthedoortothemagicworldforreaders.B．Toguidereaderstoenjoymagicandvaluescience.C．Totellreadersscienceisthemostimportantschoolsubject.【解析】

根據(jù)第一段“…h(huán)elpedyoungpeopleofallagesfindtheirperfectbooks.”和最后一段“Shehopesherbookscanencourageyoungreaderstolearnmoreaboutscience.”可知Bell寫這兩本魔法書的目的是引導(dǎo)讀者享受魔法并重視科學(xué)。故選B考點(diǎn)02解題要點(diǎn)精講·知識(shí)夯基五、詞義猜測(cè)題1.題型與考查角度考查學(xué)生利用語境線索理解和推斷詞義的能力。2.解題技巧定位生詞分析語境代入驗(yàn)證找到生詞或短語在文中的位置。仔細(xì)閱讀生詞所在句子及前后句，尋找定義、舉例、對(duì)比、因果等邏輯線索。將猜測(cè)的含義代入原文，看是否通暢。3.猜測(cè)劃線代詞意思定關(guān)鍵找替代返回原文，找到指代詞，理清句子結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)上下文，尋找復(fù)合邏輯關(guān)系的名詞、代詞、短語或句子等。再核對(duì)比較選項(xiàng)，找出與符合邏輯的選項(xiàng)。

一般來說，it/this/that指代一件事；it/he/them/they/one/those指代上文提到的人或事?？键c(diǎn)02解題要點(diǎn)精講·知識(shí)夯基五、詞義猜測(cè)題4.猜測(cè)劃線單詞意思（1）根據(jù)定義（2）根據(jù)舉例（3）根據(jù)對(duì)比關(guān)系或轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系有時(shí)作者會(huì)通過給詞匯下定義來幫助讀者理解該詞的基本含義，如線索詞thatis,or,namely,inotherwords,thatistosay,tobemoreexact,toputitanotherway,whichis等。有時(shí)，劃線部分后會(huì)跟一些具體的例子，來幫助考生理解該詞的詞義。線索詞suchas,such...as,forexample,forinstance,like,including,especially等表達(dá)對(duì)比或轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的詞需注意but,yet,however,while,unlike,instead,similarly,onthecontrary,incontrastto等。（4）根據(jù)同義詞或并列結(jié)構(gòu)在同一句、同一段或同一篇文章中，作者為了避免語言的單調(diào)和重復(fù)，會(huì)使用意思相同或相近的詞，此時(shí)，只要知道其中一個(gè)詞的意思，就能猜出另一個(gè)詞的意思。（5）根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法（6）根據(jù)因果關(guān)系英語中的很多詞匯，尤其是不斷出現(xiàn)的新詞大多是通過構(gòu)詞法生成的，因此，掌握主要的構(gòu)詞法有助于猜測(cè)詞義。因果關(guān)系時(shí)一種常見的提供生詞詞義信息的邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)線索詞as,since,because,for,so,therefore,dueto,resultin,asaresult,forthisreason,so...that,such...that等可知上下句存在因果，從而依據(jù)某一句的含義，來確定另一句的含義?？键c(diǎn)02解題要點(diǎn)中考·考法聚焦五、詞義猜測(cè)題5.解題原則：詞不離句邏輯為王任何詞義都依賴于具體的語境。依靠上下文的邏輯關(guān)系是猜詞的根本?！镜淅俊?025年日照卷】Theword"perseverance"inParagraph3mostprobablymeans"______".A.continuouseffortdespitedifficulties B.naturaltalentC.goodluck D.stricttraining原文片段：Paragraph3:Facedwiththesesetbacks,XiaoMingfeltdiscouraged.However,histeacherpattedhimontheshoulderandsaid,"Thekeytosuccessisnotjustintelligence,butperseverance.Youmustbewillingtolearnfromeachfailureandtryagain."Inspiredbythesewords,XiaoMingdidnotgiveup.Hespentthenexttwoweeksinthelabeveryafternoon,carefullyanalyzingwhatwentwrong,adjustinghisdesigns,andtestingnewmaterials.Throughsheerdeterminationandcontinuouseffort,hefinallybuiltaworkingmodel.1.定位生詞；2.分析語境；3.代入驗(yàn)證考點(diǎn)02解題要點(diǎn)精講·知識(shí)夯基六、主旨大意題型1.題型和考查角度概括能力歸納能力能否用簡潔的語言概括出“文章主要講了什么”。能否識(shí)別并整合文章各部分的要點(diǎn)，提煉出共同指向的中心。抽象思維能力能否透過具體的事件、人物行為，看到其背后蘊(yùn)含的深層意義、情感或道理。考點(diǎn)02解題要點(diǎn)精講·知識(shí)夯基六、主旨大意題型2.選項(xiàng)特征（1）正確選項(xiàng)特征：（2）干擾選項(xiàng)特征：對(duì)于記敘文，正確選項(xiàng)往往不止于事件本身，而能體現(xiàn)故事背后的情感、成長、道理或啟示。緊密圍繞本文的核心話題和中心思想，不空泛。能夠覆蓋全文或絕大部分段落的核心內(nèi)容，具有“高度概括、不偏不倚”的特點(diǎn)概括性針對(duì)性深刻性將文章中的某個(gè)次要細(xì)節(jié)或局部信息放大為全文主旨。范圍過大：范圍過小/張冠李戴：選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容在原文中完全找不到依據(jù)，或與原文內(nèi)容相悖。無中生有以偏概全考點(diǎn)02解題要點(diǎn)中考·考法聚焦六、主旨大意題型2.選項(xiàng)特征（2）干擾選項(xiàng)特征：將文章中的某個(gè)次要細(xì)節(jié)或局部信息放大為全文主旨。范圍過大：范圍過小/張冠李戴：選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容在原文中完全找不到依據(jù)，或與原文內(nèi)容相悖。無中生有以偏概全【示例】文章主要講一次失敗的實(shí)驗(yàn)如何讓“我”學(xué)會(huì)了堅(jiān)持，干擾項(xiàng)設(shè)為“Thepassagedescribesascienceexperimentindetail.”（只提及實(shí)驗(yàn)，未涉及核心的“成長”）?！臼纠课恼轮v一次具體的社區(qū)清潔活動(dòng)，干擾項(xiàng)設(shè)為“Theimportanceofprotectingtheenvironment.”（環(huán)保重要性范圍太大，本文只是其中一個(gè)具體事例）。范圍過大：選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容過于寬泛，超出了本文討論的范圍。范圍過小/張冠李戴：選項(xiàng)是文中提到的信息，但只是某個(gè)段落或某個(gè)人物的觀點(diǎn)，不能代表全文主旨?？键c(diǎn)02解題要點(diǎn)精講·知識(shí)夯基六、主旨大意題型3.主題句在文中的位置（1）主題句的定義（2）常見位置先敘述，后總結(jié)，在結(jié)尾處畫龍點(diǎn)睛，引出主旨。最為常見。文章或段落的開頭直接點(diǎn)明中心。段首段尾記敘文，尤其是故事性強(qiáng)的，常常沒有直接的主題句。這時(shí)需要自行概括。開頭提出主題，結(jié)尾再次強(qiáng)調(diào)或深化主題。首尾呼應(yīng)無顯性主題句主題句是文章或段落中心思想的直接體現(xiàn)。找到主題句，解題就成功了一半。定義

考點(diǎn)02解題要點(diǎn)中考·考法聚焦六、主旨大意題型【示例】【2025年真題模擬】原文結(jié)尾段："Thatdayattheanimalshelter,Ididn'tjustgainapet;Ilearnedthattruecompanionshipisaboutpatience,understanding,andawillingnesstoopenyourheart.ItwasalessonIwouldcarryfarbeyondthosewalls."分析：此結(jié)尾段即為全文的主題句。它清楚地表明，文章的主旨不是“領(lǐng)養(yǎng)寵物”這個(gè)事件本身，而是通過這個(gè)事件學(xué)到的“關(guān)于陪伴的人生道理”。考點(diǎn)02解題要點(diǎn)精講·知識(shí)夯基六、主旨大意題型4.中考記敘文?？紭?biāo)題歸納題型（1）特征（2）解題方法能引發(fā)讀者的閱讀欲望。標(biāo)題外延正好與文章內(nèi)容相符;準(zhǔn)確而又簡短;概括針對(duì)性題目注意在文章中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的關(guān)鍵名詞、動(dòng)詞或短語，它們往往是核心話題。通讀全文后，在心中或用筆簡要串聯(lián)故事的主要人物、核心事件和最終結(jié)果/啟示。串連要素法尋找復(fù)現(xiàn)詞假想自己以這個(gè)選項(xiàng)為標(biāo)題來寫文章，看其是否能夠涵蓋本文的全部核心內(nèi)容。記敘文的標(biāo)題常帶有一定的情感色彩或哲理意味。是溫暖、勵(lì)志、遺憾還是引人深思？把握情感基調(diào)逆向檢驗(yàn)法考點(diǎn)02解題要點(diǎn)中考·考法聚焦六、主旨大意題型【典例】【2025年重慶卷】Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheLifeofaFace-changingPerformer.B.AnIntroductiontoChuanOpera.C.Face-changing:TheMagicandCultureofChuanOpera.D.HowtoLearnFace-changingSkills.原文片段："Face-changing,themostmagicalandsymbolicartform,liesattheveryheartofChuanOpera,captivatingaudiencesnotjustwithitsspeedbutwithitsdeepculturalstories."解題方法：尋找復(fù)現(xiàn)詞法04一輪·講練測(cè)優(yōu)題精選·練能提分優(yōu)題精選·練能提分Passage1（2025·寧夏吳忠·二模）YangZhiyang,a23-year-oldboy,hasinspiredmanyyoungpeopleasheworksfull-timetotakecareofhismother,whohasALS(漸凍癥).Yang’smotherhadthediseasein2012.Yang,then10,tookcareofhismother.Becauseofthedisease,hismotherneedshelpwithalmosteverything.Sheneedstobecarriedupanddownthestairs.Shealsohasdifficultyinspeaking.Shecanstilltypeonhermobilephone,butmostofthetime,shechoosestocommunicatewithhersoninanotherway.“MymotherandIuseeyesformostofourcommunication,”Yangsays.“Forexample,whenshewantstosleep,sheuseshereyestoshowthatsheistired,andsheturnsherheadtowardsthebedroom.Andwhensheneedswater,shewilllookatthewatercuponthetable.”Formanythings,Yanghastobeverycareful,includinghelpinghermotherbatheandusethetoilet.Thoughtheworkisdifficult,Yangenjoysallthetimehespendswithhismother.Hewillbearoundhereverytimesheexercises.Tomakeitmorefun,heoftensingstoher.“PeoplewithALSareeasilytiredandoftenstopexercising.Iwanttofindwaystohelpherdomoretraining,”Yangsays.Yang’sloveforhismotherhastouchedmanypeople.ButYangsaysit’sonlynaturalthatheshouldtakecareofhismother.“Mymotherraisedme.I’mjustdoingwhatasonshoulddo,”hesays.（原講義passage2）文章閱讀優(yōu)題精選·練能提分1．WhatcanweknowaboutYang’smotherfromparagraph2?A．Sheisverytiredandwantstogiveup. B．Shealmostcan’tdoanythingbyherself.C．Shehasnoproblemspeakingwithherson. D．Shealwaysuseshermobilephonetocommunicate.2．HowdoYangandhismothermostlycommunicatewitheachother?A．Bywritingonthepaper. B．Bymakingphonecalls.C．Byusingeyestocommunicate. D．Bytypingonthecomputer.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph4referto?A．Bathing. B．Sleeping. C．Drinkingwater. D．Doingexercise.4．Thewriterwritesthepassageto________.A．describeamedicalproblem B．showhowtofightwithALSC．tellthestoryofaboyandhismotherD．a(chǎn)skreaderstocareaboutpeoplewithALS讀后習(xí)題優(yōu)題精選·練能提分答案講解1．WhatcanweknowaboutYang’smotherfromparagraph2?A．Sheisverytiredandwantstogiveup. B．Shealmostcan’tdoanythingbyherself.C．Shehasnoproblemspeakingwithherson. D．Shealwaysuseshermobilephonetocommunicate.2．HowdoYangandhismothermostlycommunicatewitheachother?A．Bywritingonthepaper. B．Bymakingphonecalls.C．Byusingeyestocommunicate. D．Bytypingonthecomputer.細(xì)節(jié)理解題原文：Becauseofthedisease,hismotherneedshelpwithalmosteverything.Sheneedstobecarriedupanddownthestairs.Shealsohasdifficultyinspeaking.Shecanstilltypeonhermobilephone,butmostofthetime,shechoosestocommunicatewithhersoninanotherway.細(xì)節(jié)理解題原文：“MymotherandIuseeyesformostofourcommunication,”Yangsays.“Forexample,whenshewantstosleep,sheuseshereyestoshowthatsheistired,andsheturnsherheadtowardsthebedroom.Andwhensheneedswater,shewilllookatthewatercuponthetable.”優(yōu)題精選·練能提分答案講解3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph4referto?A．Bathing. B．Sleeping. C．Drinkingwater. D．Doingexercise.4．Thewriterwritesthepassageto________.A．describeamedicalproblem B．showhowtofightwithALSC．tellthestoryofaboyandhismotherD．a(chǎn)skreaderstocareaboutpeoplewithALS詞義猜測(cè)題原文：Hewillbearoundhereverytimesheexercises.Tomakeitmorefun,heoftensingstoher.此處表示為了讓鍛煉變得更有趣，他經(jīng)常唱歌給她聽，因此“it”指的是“做鍛煉”。

寫作意圖題解析：

通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了23歲的楊志洋全職照顧患漸凍癥的母親的故事，所以作者寫這篇文章是為了講述一個(gè)男孩和他母親的故事。優(yōu)題精選·練能提分Passage2（2025·江西吉安·二模）Lilawasa14-year-oldgirlwholovedpainting.Herdreamwastowintheschoolartcompetition.Everydayafterschool,shepaintedtheocean—herfavorite:waves(浪)crashingagainstrocks.Onemorning,Lilafelloffherbikeandhurtherrightarm.Thedoctorsaidshecouldn’tholdapaintbrushforthreemonths.“Thecompetitionisintwomonths!”shecried,lookingatherblankcanvas(油畫布).Thatafternoon,Mr.Chen,anoldpainterwholivednextdoor,visited.“Ibrokemywrist(腕)oncetoo,”hesaid,showingherasunflowerpaintinghemadewithhislefthand.“Artisn’taboutwhichhandyouuse—it’saboutwantingtocreate.”Lilatookhisadviceandtriedpaintingwithherlefthand.Atfirst,herlineswereshaky(不穩(wěn)的)andcolorsweremixedmessy.Butshepracticeddaily,evenwhenherarmhurt.Mr.Chenhelpedher,andsoonherpaintingsgotbetter.Twoweeksbeforethecompetition,Lilapaintedtheoceanagain.Thistime,sheaddedasmallboatinthewaves,likeherselffightingthroughhardtimes.Thepaintingwasn’tperfect,butitshowedastormyseawithaboatmovingforward.Oncompetitionday,Lilahandedinherpainting.Aweeklater,shewonsecondplace!Thejudgewrote,“Yourartshowscourageandthewilltokeeptrying.”Afterthat,Lilastartedaclassforkidswhohadtroublepainting.Shetaughtthemtousetheirlefthandsorotherways.“Artisforeveryone,”shesaid.“It’snotabouthowyoupaint,buthowmuchyoutry.”Yearslater,Lilabecameafamousartist.Herstudio(工作室)alwayshadasign:“Everytrybringsyoucloser.”（原講義passage8）文章閱讀優(yōu)題精選·練能提分5．What’sthethemeofthepassage?A．Courage. B．Science. C．Prediction. D．Health.6．HowdidMr.ChenencourageLilaaftershehurtherarm?A．Hegaveheranewpaintbrush. B．Hetoldhertogiveupthecompetition.C．Hehelpedherpracticepaintingeveryday. D．Hesharedhisownstoryofpaintingwithhislefthand.7．WhatdidLila’scompetitionpaintingshow?A．Agreatcalmbeachatsunset. B．Asunflowerinabeautifulgarden.C．Agirlridingabikecarefully. D．Aboatmovingthroughstormywaves.8．Puttheeventsintothecorrectorderaccordingtothepassage.a.Lilastartedaclassforkids. b.Lilafellandhurtherarm.c.Lilawonsecondplaceinthecompetition. d.Mr.Chensharedhispaintingexperience.A．d-b-a-c. B．b-d-c-a. C．b-a-d-c. D．d-c-b-a.9．Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A．Mybikeaccidentisterrible. B．HowIwontheartcompetition.C．Astoryofpaintingwithcourage. D．Mr.Chenandhissunflower.讀后習(xí)題優(yōu)題精選·練能提分5．What’sthethemeofthepassage?A．Courage. B．Science. C．Prediction. D．Health.6．HowdidMr.ChenencourageLilaaftershehurtherarm?A．Hegaveheranewpaintbrush. B．Hetoldhertogiveupthecompetition.C．Hehelpedherpracticepaintingeveryday. D．Hesharedhisownstoryofpaintingwithhislefthand.答案講解主旨大意題原文：“Artisn’taboutwhichhandyouuse—it’saboutwantingtocreate.”(para.3)和“It’snotabouthowyoupaint,buthowmuchyoutry.”(lastpara.)全文圍繞Lila克服手臂受傷的困難，用左手堅(jiān)持繪畫并獲獎(jiǎng)的經(jīng)歷展開，強(qiáng)調(diào)“勇氣與嘗試”的意義。文章的主題是勇氣。細(xì)節(jié)理解題原文：“Mr.Chen,anoldpainterwholivesnextdoor,visited.‘Ibrokemywrist(腕)oncetoo,’hesaid,showingherasunflowerpaintinghemadewithhislefthand.‘Artisn’taboutwhichhandyouuse—it’saboutwantingtocreate.’”(para.3)優(yōu)題精選·練能提分7．WhatdidLila’scompetitionpaintingshow?A．Agreatcalmbeachatsunset. B．Asunflowerinabeautifulgarden.C．Agirlridingabikecarefully. D．Aboatmovingthroughstormywaves.8．Puttheeventsintothecorrectorderaccordingtothepassage.a.Lilastartedaclassforkids. b.Lilafellandhurtherarm.c.Lilawonsecondplaceinthecompetition. d.Mr.Chensharedhispaintingexperience.A．d-b-a-c.B．b-d-c-a. C．b-a-d-c.D．d-c-b-a.答案講解細(xì)節(jié)理解題原文：“Thistime,sheaddedasmallboatinthewaves,likeherselffightingthroughhardtimes.Thepaintingwasn’tperfect,butitshowedastormyseawithaboatmovingforward.”(para.5)細(xì)節(jié)理解題原文：“Onemorning,Lilafelloffherbikeandhurtherrightarm.”(para.2)→“Mr.Chen,anoldpainterwholivesnextdoor,visited.‘Ibrokemywrist(腕)oncetoo,’hesaid,showingherasunflowerpaintinghemadewithhislefthand.‘Artisn’taboutwhichhandyouuse—it’saboutwantingtocreate.’”(para.3)→

“Oncompetitionday,Lilahandedinherpainting.Aweeklater,shewonsecondplace!”(para.6)

→“Afterthat,Lilastartedaclassforkidswhohadtroublepainting.”(para.7)優(yōu)題精選·練能提分9．Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A．Mybikeaccidentisterrible. B．HowIwontheartcompetition.C．Astoryofpaintingwithcourage. D．Mr.Chenandhissunflower.答案講解主旨大意題解析：通讀全文可知，全文圍繞Lila克服手臂受傷的困難，用左手堅(jiān)持繪畫并獲獎(jiǎng)的經(jīng)歷展開，強(qiáng)調(diào)“勇氣與嘗試”的意義。優(yōu)題精選·練能提分Passage3（2025·浙江麗水·一模）Lastsummer,myfriendDanandIwenttothetownofBu?olinSpaintotakepartinLaTomatina.Wehada/an

▲

tomatofightthere!Thecelebrationsstartedaweekbeforethemainevent.Therewerefoodstalls,music,parades(游行)andotheractivities.Butweonlyjoinedinthedayofthefight.ItwasWednesday,August28.Wearrivedinthetownat9a.m.inoldclothes.Everyonewasexcitedlywaitingforthetomatofighttobegin.Somebravepeopletriedtoclimbagreasypole(涂了油的桿子).Ifsomeonecouldgetthehamatthetop,thefightwouldstartearly.Therestofuswatchedandsangsongstoencouragethem.Butthepolewassoslippery(滑溜溜的)thatnoonecouldgetmorethanhalfwayup.Finally,thefightstartedat11a.m.DanandIputonourgoggles(護(hù)目鏡)toprotectoureyes.Afewhugetrucksslowlydrovedownthestreets.Peopleinsidethetrucksthrewtomatoesouttowardthecrowd.Then,thetrucksturnedovertheirboxesandpouredallthetomatoesontothestreet.Wepickedthemupandthrewthemhereandthere.Thenexthourwasatotalmess.Tomatoeswereeverywhere!Theywereintheair,inourhair,allaroundourfeetanddownourclothes...Thefightwentonforanhour.Afterthat,thelocalworkershosed(用水管沖洗)usdowntowashoffmostofthetomatoes.DanandIkeptlaughingandtalkinga