高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1安徽省皖豫聯(lián)考2025-2026學年高三上學期11月期中英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AAtYnezLibrary,wearechampionsofcuriosity.Atitscore,ourmissionfornearlyfourcenturieshasbeentoadvancethelearning,research,andpursuitoftruth.Oureffortsaremotivatedandpoweredbyworkingcollaboratively,embracingdiverseperspectives,championingaccess,aimingfortheextraordinary,andalwaysleadingwithcuriosity.Thereareplentyofopportunitiesforvisitorstoexperienceourcollections.YnezIDholdersmaybringuptofourguestsintothelibrary.Formoredetails,clickonthefollowingicons(圖標).VisitorsInterestedinusingourlibraries,butarenotaYnezstudent,faculty,alum,orstaff?You’reintherightplace.ExhibitsLibraryexhibitstelltheuniquestoriesofourdiverseanddeepcollections.Manyareopentothepublic.ToursBrowseupcominglibrarytours.Sometoursareopentothepublic;othersareopentoYnezIDHoldersandtheirguests.EventsManylibraryeventsareopentothepublic,includingacademicmeetings,forums,lectures,etc.CheckAdmittanceinformationfirst.SPECIALCOLLECTIONSManyofourlibrariesarehometorareanduniquematerials,whichareavailabletoallresearchers.?Ourspecialcollectionsareopentoallwithoutafee,byappointment.?Pleasecontacttheholdinglibrarytolearnmoreaboutaccessingtheirspecialcollectionitemsinperson.?Differentlibrarieshavedifferentholdings,soyoumaywanttostartbyusingoursearchtoolstofindmaterialsrelevanttoyourresearch.1.WhatdoesYnezLibraryhighlightinthefirstparagraph?A.Itsnewchanges. B.Itsmainvalues.C.Itsbestachievements. D.Itsworkingprinciples.2.Whichpartshouldapersonclickonifheplanstoattendascientist’sspeech?A.Visitors. B.Exhibits. C.Tours. D.Events.3.Howcanaresearcherfindthespecialholdingsquicklyinthelibrary?A.Bypayingaspecialfee. B.Byvisitingmainlibraries.C.Bylocatingthemonline. D.Byappointingalibrarian.【答案】1.B2.D3.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。本文是Ynez圖書館的介紹，闡述了圖書館的使命和核心價值觀及為訪客提供的不同服務和活動，并說明了怎樣接觸特殊收藏。【1題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“AtYnezLibrary,wearechampionsofcuriosity.Atitscore,ourmissionfornearlyfourcenturieshasbeentoadvancethelearning,research,andpursuitoftruth.Oureffortsaremotivatedandpoweredbyworkingcollaboratively,embracingdiverseperspectives,championingaccess,aimingfortheextraordinary,andalwaysleadingwithcuriosity.(在伊內(nèi)茲圖書館，我們是好奇心的捍衛(wèi)者。近四個世紀以來，我們的核心使命一直是推動學習、研究和追求真理。我們努力受到合作的激勵和推動，擁抱不同的觀點，支持訪問，以非凡為目標，并始終以好奇心為導向。)”可知，Ynez圖書館在第一段中強調(diào)的是它的核心價值觀。故選B項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格中“Events”部分中“Manylibraryeventsareopentothepublic,includingacademicmeetings,forums,lectures,etc.CheckAdmittanceinformationfirst.(圖書館的許多活動都對公眾開放，包括學術(shù)會議、論壇、講座等。先查一下準入信息。)”可知，如果一個人打算參加一位科學家的講座，他應該點擊“Events”部分。故選D項。【3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“SPECIALCOLLECTIONS”部分中第三個小黑點內(nèi)容“Differentlibrarieshavedifferentholdings,soyoumaywanttostartbyusingoursearchtoolstofindmaterialsrelevanttoyourresearch.(不同的圖書館有不同的館藏，所以你可以先使用我們的搜索工具來查找與你的研究相關的資料。)”可知，研究人員可以通過在線搜索快速找到特殊收藏。故選C項。BStatenIsland’sFreshkills,onceadumpingground(垃圾傾倒場)forNewYorkers,isnowabreathtakingpark.ThefirstpartwasopenedtothepublicinOctober.Withitsgrassland,hillsandwaterwaysofferinghikingandsuperbbird-watching,thisisagreatexampleofurbanhabitatrestoration.Freshkills,knownforitsstench,wasinoperationfor53years.Localsusedtoavoidtheplaceandhadtoholdtheirbreathwhentheypassedby.Itwastheworld’slargestdumpinggroundandwassohugethatitcouldbeseenfromouterspace.Freshkillswasclosed22yearsago,and21acresofitwereopenedinmid-October.“I’mhappytoseethatthisareahasbecomeanewgreenspace.ItisahomeforlocalplantsandanimalsandgivestheresidentsofStatenIslandaplacetobeoutdoors,exerciseandbreathefreshair.Thenewlyopenedparkfeatureswalkingpaths,hikingtrails,sevenacresofnativeseedplots,abird-observationtower,andadeckthatoverlooksthehills,grasslandandwaterways,”saysalocalcalledAdams.“Iusedtoavoidapproachingtheplace,butnowI’mlookingforwardtoexploringit.”Thisprojectisentirelyfocusedonenvironmentalmanagement.Solarpanelsprovidelightingintheparkinglotandrestrooms,whilethetoiletsarecomposting(堆肥),returningwastetosoil.Acomplexsystemwasusedtodecomposethelandfillwasteandtoprotectthenewtopsoil.Therearealsoplanstoreusethegasandliquidbyproductsofthedecomposingwaste.Therewasonce29,000tonsoftrashdumpeddailyatFreshkills.Today,thesiteistotallytransformed,hometo1,000acresofgrasslandhabitatthatwasseededwithnativegrassmix.Thisisattractingmanybirdsthathavenotbeenseenforyears.LocalswillcometoFreshkillstorelaxandconnectwithnature.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stench”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Freshandcoolair. B.Unpleasantsmell.C.Breathtakingscenery. D.Abandonedgrassland.5.WhatdoesAdamsthinkofcurrentFreshkills?A.Unapproachable. B.Undeveloped.C.Fascinating. D.Well-equipped.6.Whatdoestheparkfeature?A.Itscomplexhistory. B.Itsstrictmanagement.C.Itsrapidurbanization. D.Itsenvironmentalprotection.7.Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthetext?A.Topromotethelocaltourism.B.Tointroduceatransformedplace.C.Totellthehistoryofadumpingground.D.Toencouragereaderstogetclosetonature.【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了紐約史坦頓島弗萊什基爾斯垃圾場成功轉(zhuǎn)型為生態(tài)公園的過程與意義。【4題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中“Freshkills,knownforitsstench,wasinoperationfor53years.Localsusedtoavoidtheplaceandhadtoholdtheirbreathwhentheypassedby.(弗萊什基爾斯以它的stench聞名，運營了53年。當?shù)厝诉^去常避開此地，經(jīng)過時不得不屏住呼吸)”可知，“stench”是讓人們避之不及、需屏住呼吸的事物，結(jié)合垃圾場的屬性，推測其意為“難聞的氣味”。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段Adams說的話“I’mhappytoseethatthisareahasbecomeanewgreenspace.(我很高興看到這個地區(qū)變成了一個新的綠色空間)”以及“Iusedtoavoidapproachingtheplace,butnowI’mlookingforwardtoexploringit.(我過去常常避開這個地方，但現(xiàn)在我期待著去探索它)”可推斷出，Adams認為現(xiàn)在的弗萊什基爾斯很有吸引力。故選C?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Thisprojectisentirelyfocusedonenvironmentalmanagement.(這個項目完全專注于環(huán)境管理)”以及后文對公園在環(huán)保方面舉措的描述，如太陽能板、堆肥廁所、分解垃圾系統(tǒng)等，可知這個公園的特點是注重環(huán)境保護。故選D。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“StatenIsland’sFreshkills,onceadumpingground(垃圾傾倒場)forNewYorkers,isnowabreathtakingpark.ThefirstpartwasopenedtothepublicinOctober.Withitsgrassland,hillsandwaterwaysofferinghikingandsuperbbird-watching,thisisagreatexampleofurbanhabitatrestoration.(史坦頓島的弗萊什基爾斯公園曾是紐約人的垃圾傾倒場，如今卻成了一座令人嘆為觀止的公園。今年10月，該公園的第一部分已向公眾開放。這里草地廣袤、山丘起伏、水道縱橫，可供人們徒步旅行，也是觀鳥的絕佳去處，堪稱城市棲息地修復的典范)”結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了史坦頓島的弗萊什基爾斯公園曾經(jīng)是一個垃圾傾倒場，現(xiàn)在變成了一個令人驚嘆的公園，重點介紹了其環(huán)保方面的特點和變化。由此推斷，作者寫這篇文章的主要目的是介紹一個轉(zhuǎn)變了的地方。故選B。CTasteandnutritionalcontentaffecthowfoodsmakeusfeel,butmuchofthehappinesswegetfromourfavoritefoodscomesfromthememoriestheysparkforusandthepeoplewe’rewithwhileweenjoythem.Becausefoodisessentialforoursurvival,ourbrainsrewardusforeatinganythingatallbyreleasingopioid-basedchemicalsthatmakeusfeelgood,saidPaulBreslin,anutritionalscientist.Butasanyonewho’severeatenapplepiesknows,sweetscanmakeusfeelespeciallynice.Carbohydrates(碳水化合物)increasebrainlevelsofserotonin,achemicalthatenhancesmood.Certainfoodsareespeciallyemotionallysatisfyingforreasonsthathavelittletodowiththeirtasteornutritionalcontent,though.Afterall,differentcultureshavedifferentcomfortfoods.ManyfavoriteAmericancomfortfoods—chili,say,ortomatosoup—arenotparticularlysweetorhighincarbohydrates.“Oftenwelovefoodbecausewehavefoundmemoriesassociatedwithit,”Dr.Breslinsaid.“Mymom’smashedpotatoes(土豆泥)remindmeofholidayjoyandpastreunionswithextendedfamily.”Wearealsodrawntofoodsweweregivenearlyinlifebypeoplewhocaredforus,whichcanhelpexplainourcollectiveloveforchickensoup,whichmanyparentsfeedtheirsickchildrentomakethemfeelbetter.Thesmelloffoodcanrecallpowerfulmemories,too.Ourmemoryforsmellsislong-lastingandprecise,especiallywhenitcomestoscentswewerefirstexposedtoinchildhood.That’swhyyoumightcatchawhiffofpumpkinpiebakingintheovenandbetransportedbacktothefirsttimeyoubakeditwithyourgrandmother.Inadditiontopastmemories,thecontextinwhichweeatfoodsshapeshowmuchweenjoytheminthemoment.Iappreciatedmymom’sSnowyMashedPotatoesthatmuchmoretodaybecauseIgottoeatthemwithmyhusbandandtwochildren,thethreepeopleIlovemostintheworld.8.Whatcanbelearnedaboutcomfortfoods?A.Theydependonthetaste. B.Theycontaincarbohydrates.C.Theyvaryacrosscultures. D.Theyensurehumansurvival.9.InDrBreslin’scase,whydowehaveafondnessforfood?A.Foritsnutritionalcontent. B.Forourmemoriesforit.C.Foritsparticularsmell. D.Forourhighexpectationforit.10.Whydoestheauthormentionherhusbandandchildren?A.Topictureafamilyscene. B.Torecommendafood.C.Tomakeasuggestion. D.Tosupportanidea.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Thescienceofcomfortfoods B.TheinfluenceofmemoriesC.Theimpactofdiningcontext D.Thepowerofcarbohydrates【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要以“治愈系食物”為核心話題，分析了人們對喜愛的食物，尤其是治愈系食物的好感，并非僅源于其味道和營養(yǎng)成分，更關鍵的是這些食物所承載的回憶，以及當下食用時的陪伴場景；同時提到不同文化的安慰食物存在差異?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容“Afterall,differentcultureshavedifferentcomfortfoods.(畢竟，不同的文化有不同的治愈系食物。)”可知，治愈系食物因文化不同而不同。故選C項。【9題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段內(nèi)容“‘Oftenwelovefoodbecausewehavefoundmemoriesassociatedwithit,’Dr.Breslinsaid.(Breslin博士說：“我們經(jīng)常喜歡食物，因為我們發(fā)現(xiàn)了與食物相關的記憶?！?”可知，在Dr.Breslin看來，我們喜愛食物，往往是因為它關聯(lián)著我們的回憶。故選B項?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀最后一段可知，該段首句“Inadditiontopastmemories,thecontextinwhichweeatfoodsshapeshowmuchweenjoytheminthemoment.(除了過往的記憶之外，我們進食時所處的情境也會影響我們當下對食物的喜愛程度。)”提出了論點“除了過往回憶，進食的場景也會影響我們對食物的喜愛程度”，而“Iappreciatedmymom’sSnowyMashedPotatoesthatmuchmoretodaybecauseIgottoeatthemwithmyhusbandandtwochildren,thethreepeopleIlovemostintheworld.(今天我格外珍視媽媽做的雪白的土豆泥，因為我能和我最愛的三個人——我的丈夫和兩個孩子一起享用。)”提及的“和丈夫、孩子一起吃媽媽的土豆泥，感覺更美味”可以作為實例，印證該觀點。由此推知，作者提到丈夫和孩子的目的是支持本段論點。故選D項?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。文章首段內(nèi)容“…butmuchofthehappinesswegetfromourfavoritefoodscomesfromthememoriestheysparkforusandthepeoplewe’rewithwhileweenjoythem.(……但我們從最愛的食物中獲得的大部分快樂，都源自它們喚起的回憶以及與我們一同享用這些食物的人。)”講明了文章的核心內(nèi)容，即，文章主要以“治愈系食物”為話題，介紹了其情感價值（回憶、場景），也結(jié)合營養(yǎng)學知識（大腦釋放阿片類物質(zhì)、碳水提升血清素），全面解釋了人們喜愛治愈系食物的原因。由此可知，A項“Thescienceofcomfortfoods(治愈系食物的科學原理)”高度概括了文章要義，可作最合適的標題。故選A項。DAstudyoftwinsshowsthathavingaconcussion(腦震蕩)earlyinlifeistiedtohavinglowerscoresontestsofthinkingandmemoryskillsdecadeslateraswellashavingmorerapiddeclineinthosescoresthantwinswhodidnothaveaconcussion,ortraumaticbraininjury(TBI).ThestudyispublishedintheonlineissueofNeurology.“Thesefindingsindicatethatevenpeoplewithtraumaticbraininjuriesinearlierlifewhoappeartohavefullyrecoveredfromthemmaystillbeatincreasedriskofcognitiveproblemslater,”saidstudyauthorMarianneChanti-KetterlofDukeUniversityinNorthCarolina.“Amongidenticaltwins,whosharethesamegenesandmanyofthesameexposuresearlyinlife,wefoundthatthetwinwhohadaconcussionhadlowertestscoresandfasterdeclinethantheirtwinwhohadneverhadaconcussion.”Thestudyinvolved8,662menwhowereWorldWarⅡveterans.Theparticipantstookatestofthinkingskillsatthestartofthestudywhentheywereanaverageageof67andthenagainuptothreemoretimesover12years.Scoresforthetestcanrangefrom0to50.Theaveragescoreforallparticipantsatthebeginningofthestudywas32.5points.Atotalof25%oftheparticipantshadexperiencedaconcussionintheirlife.Twinswhohadexperiencedaconcussionweremorelikelytohavelowertestscoresatage70,especiallyiftheyhadaconcussionwheretheylostconsciousnessorwereolderthan24whentheyhadtheirconcussion.Theresearchtookintoaccountotherfactorsthatcouldaffectthinkingskills,suchashighbloodpressure,alcoholuse,smokingstatusandeducation.“Althoughtheseeffectsizesaremodest,thecontributionofTBIonlatelifecognition,inadditiontonumerousotherfactorswithaharmfuleffectoncognition,maybeenoughtotriggeranevaluationforcognitiveimpairment,”Chanti-Ketterlsaid.“Withthetrendweareseeingwithincreasedemergencyroomvisitsduetosportsorrecreationactivityinjuries,combinedwiththeestimatedhalfmillionmembersofthemilitarywhosufferedaTBIbetween2000and2020,thepotentiallong-termimpactofTBIcannotbeoverlooked.Theseresultsmayhelpusidentifypeoplewhomaybenefitfromearlyinterventionsthatmayslowcognitivedeclineorpotentiallydelayorpreventdementia(癡呆).”12.Whatisthefunctionofparagraph1?A.Tohighlightthemethodofthestudy. B.Toshowtheresultofthestudy.C.Todiscussthecauseofconcussions. D.Toprovidestatisticsaboutconcussions.13.Whatcanweknowaboutthestudy?A.Allparticipantssharedthesamegenes.B.Scoresforthefinaltestaveraged32.5points.C.PeoplewithTBIrecovereasilyinearlierlife.D.Concussionsearlyinlifeharmlatelifecognition.14.Whatisapotentialoutcomeofthestudy?A.Immediaterecovery. B.Guaranteeddementia.C.Enhancedphysicalabilities. D.Earlierintervention.15.Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?A.Anovelabouttwins. B.Afashionmagazine.C.Amedicalresearchjournal. D.AhistoricalreviewofWWⅡ.【答案】12.B13.D14.D15.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了一項針對雙胞胎的研究表明，早年經(jīng)歷腦震蕩與幾十年后思維和記憶能力測試得分較低以及這些得分下降速度更快有關，還探討了其潛在影響?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Astudyoftwinsshowsthathavingaconcussion(腦震蕩)earlyinlifeistiedtohavinglowerscoresontestsofthinkingandmemoryskillsdecadeslateraswellashavingmorerapiddeclineinthosescoresthantwinswhodidnothaveaconcussion,ortraumaticbraininjury(TBI).(一項針對雙胞胎的研究表明，早年經(jīng)歷腦震蕩與幾十年后思維和記憶能力測試得分較低以及這些得分下降速度比沒有經(jīng)歷腦震蕩或創(chuàng)傷性腦損傷（TBI）的雙胞胎更快有關)”可推知，第一段主要展示了研究結(jié)果。故選B?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段研究結(jié)果以及第二段中“Thesefindingsindicatethatevenpeoplewithtraumaticbraininjuriesinearlierlifewhoappeartohavefullyrecoveredfromthemmaystillbeatincreasedriskofcognitiveproblemslater(這些發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，即使是早年有創(chuàng)傷性腦損傷且看似已完全康復的人，日后仍可能面臨更高的認知問題風險)”等內(nèi)容可推斷出，早年經(jīng)歷腦震蕩會損害晚年的認知能力。故選D。【14題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Theseresultsmayhelpusidentifypeoplewhomaybenefitfromearlyinterventionsthatmayslowcognitivedeclineorpotentiallydelayorpreventdementia(癡呆).(這些結(jié)果可能有助于我們識別可能受益于早期干預的人，早期干預可能減緩認知能力下降，或可能延遲或預防癡呆)”可知，研究的潛在結(jié)果是能夠進行早期干預。故選D?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。全文圍繞一項發(fā)表于《Neurology》（神經(jīng)病學）在線期刊的醫(yī)學研究展開，內(nèi)容涉及腦震蕩、認知衰退、雙胞胎對照實驗等專業(yè)醫(yī)學話題，語言客觀嚴謹，符合醫(yī)學研究期刊特征，所以這篇文章可能來自醫(yī)學研究期刊。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。MynameisMcKenzieSkilesandI’masnowhydrologist(水文學家)attheUniversityofUtahinSaltLakeCity.____16____Actually,thepurposeistotrackdust’simpactonwaterresources.Iammostinterestedintheimpactofwarmingtemperaturesonsnowmeltingrates,andIhavestartedstudyingsnowmeltsince2009inUtahandColorado.WhenIskiedtoresearchsitesinUtahtocollectsnowformyexperiment,themountainouslandscapeswerecoveredindust.____17____It’sclearthat2009wasoneofthebiggestyearsfordustdeposition(沉積)ontosnow.____18____Iusuallyhavetocoverseveralkilometers,carryinga27-kilogrammepackwithashovel(鏟子)todigasnowhole,toolstocutsnowandmeasureitsdensity,andcontainerstocollectsnowforanalyses.Oneyear,Ihitadustyareaofsnow,brokemyskiandslicedmylegopen.Inareaswithheavydustdeposition,suchasthesouthernRockyMountains,dustspeedsupmeltingbyoneortwomonths.Warmingairtemperaturesaffectsnowgathering,butdustbuildsupovertimeanddarkensthesurface.____19____I’mnowexploringdifferenticeandsnowlandscapesforfurtherresearch.Forexample,howblack-carbonbuildupfollowingforestfiresaffectsmelting.____20____Aswemoveintoafuturethatislikelytobeevendustier,weneedthemtopredictsnowmeltformanyreasons,includingworkingouthowtousewaterinthewesternUnitedStatesefficiently.A.Thedustcausedalotoftrouble.B.Iwentformilesinthewilderness.C.Doingmyresearchisnoeasytask.D.Oneofthegoalsistodevelopsnowmeltmodels.E.InColorado,thereddustfromdesertsoilshadalsoblownin.F.Asaresult,thesnowwillabsorbmoresunlightandquickenmelting.G.Myjobistoskiinthewildernesstomeasuredustontopofsnoweachspring.【答案】16.G17.E18.C19.F20.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了雪水文學家McKenzieSkiles的研究工作及其意義?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“MynameisMcKenzieSkilesandI’masnowhydrologist(水文學家)attheUniversityofUtahinSaltLakeCity.(我叫McKenzieSkiles，是鹽湖城猶他大學的雪水文學家)”以及下文“Actually,thepurposeistotrackdust’simpactonwaterresources.(實際上，目的是追蹤灰塵對水資源的影響)”可知，這里介紹了自己的身份和職業(yè)并指出實際上工作的目的是追蹤灰塵對水資源的影響。因此，這里需要一個句子來銜接上下文，并解釋自己的工作具體是什么，與G項“Myjobistoskiinthewildernesstomeasuredustontopofsnoweachspring.(我的工作是每年春天在野外滑雪，測量雪上的灰塵)”表達的含義一致，故選G項?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“WhenIskiedtoresearchsitesinUtahtocollectsnowformyexperiment,themountainouslandscapeswerecoveredindust.(當我滑雪到猶他州的研究地點為我的實驗收集雪時，山區(qū)景觀被灰塵覆蓋)”以及下文“It’sclearthat2009wasoneofthebiggestyearsfordustdeposition(沉積)ontosnow.(很明顯，2009年是雪上灰塵沉積最多的年份之一)”可知，這句話描述了在猶他州的研究地點滑雪收集雪樣時，山區(qū)景觀被灰塵覆蓋的情景。接下來，需要找到一個句子，它既能與上句中的描述相聯(lián)系，又能為下句提供背景或證據(jù)，E項“InColorado,thereddustfromdesertsoilshadalsoblownin.(在科羅拉多州，沙漠土壤中的紅色灰塵也被吹進來了)”表達的含義符合語境，故選E項?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Iusuallyhavetocoverseveralkilometers,carryinga27-kilogrammepackwithashovel(鏟子)todigasnowhole,toolstocutsnowandmeasureitsdensity,andcontainerstocollectsnowforanalyses.(我通常要走幾公里，帶著一個27公斤重的包和一把鏟子挖雪洞，帶著削雪和測量雪密度的工具，帶著收集雪進行分析的容器)”可知，此處表達的是作者的研究工作不是一件容易的事，與C項“Doingmyresearchisnoeasytask.(做我的研究絕非易事)”表達的含義一致，故選C項?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Warmingairtemperaturesaffectsnowgathering,butdustbuildsupovertimeanddarkensthesurface.(氣溫升高會影響積雪，但隨著時間的推移，灰塵會堆積起來，使地表變暗)”這句話表明了兩個事實：一是空氣溫度的升高會影響雪的積聚，二是隨著時間的推移，灰塵會不斷積累并使雪的表面變黑。接下來，需要找到一個合適的句子來承接這個描述，并解釋灰塵使雪的表面變黑之后可能產(chǎn)生的后果，與F項“Asaresult,thesnowwillabsorbmoresunlightandquickenmelting.(因此，雪會吸收更多的陽光，加速融化)”表達的含義一致，故選F項?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文“I’mnowexploringdifferenticeandsnowlandscapesforfurtherresearch.Forexample,howblack-carbonbuildupfollowingforestfiresaffectsmelting.(我現(xiàn)在正在探索不同的冰雪景觀，以便進一步研究。例如，森林火災后黑碳的積累如何影響融化)”以及下文“Aswemoveintoafuturethatislikelytobeevendustier,weneedthemtopredictsnowmeltformanyreasons,includingworkingouthowtousewaterinthewesternUnitedStatesefficiently(隨著我們進入一個可能更加塵土飛揚的未來，我們需要他們預測融雪，原因有很多，包括研究如何有效利用美國西部的水)”可知，此處表示的是作者正在探索不同的冰雪景觀以進行進一步的研究，并給出了一個具體的例子，即森林火災后黑色碳的積累如何影響融化。接下來，作者談到了未來可能會更加多塵的環(huán)境，并強調(diào)了預測雪融化的重要性，包括如何在美國西部有效利用水資源，在這個背景下，需要找到一個句子來連接上文中關于雪融化的研究與下文中對未來環(huán)境的預測以及水資源利用的討論，D項“Oneofthegoalsistodevelopsnowmeltmodels.(目標之一是開發(fā)融雪模型)”表達的含義一致，故選D項。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Communityovensareacenturies-oldtraditionworldwide.Thereareactuallyrecordsgoingbacktothe12thcenturywhenhomeovenswerenot____21____.Thecommunityovenswereplaceswherepeoplechattedtogetherwhiletheirfoodwas____22____.Fastforwardtotoday,BrickyardBakeryhas____23____theuniqueapproach.It____24____tobakecakesforcustomersandprovidesthemwithawarmplacetostaywhiletheircakes,which____25____takefourormorehourstobake,areintheoven.It’sreportedthatduetotheincreasingcostoffuel,manyindividualscannot____26____toleavetheirovensonthatlong.OwnerEdHamilton-TrewhitttoldtheBBC,“We’ve____27____theideaofacommunityovenfromancienttimes.Peoplecan____28____theircakebase(胚)athome.But____29____beingbakedintheirownovens,itcanbe_____30_____toourbakeryforalargeamountofbaking.”“Itstruckmethatifonewas_____31_____abouttheenergycostsofbakingtheChristmascake,therewouldbelotsmoreoutthere_____32_____thesamesituation,”headded.“Inthebigpicture,itcostsmesolittlebutmakesamassive_____33_____.”Theresponsetothisattempthasbeenso_____34_____thatHamilton-Trewhitthasprovidedthe_____35_____untilrightbeforeChristmas.Afterall,that’swhatbeingagoodneighborisallabout.21.A.reliable B.available C.safe D.useful22.A.saved B.shared C.displayed D.cooked23.A.witnessed B.suggested C.adopted D.advertised24.A.offers B.fails C.declines D.happens25.A.exactly B.hardly C.typically D.occasionally26.A.afford B.wait C.fear D.refuse27.A.challenged B.explained C.removed D.reintroduced28.A.bake B.prepare C.cut D.enjoy29.A.insteadof B.regardlessof C.dueto D.asfor30.A.returned B.delivered C.sold D.lent31.A.excited B.curious C.upset D.certain32.A.accustomedto B.devotedto C.satisfiedwith D.facedwith33.A.difference B.profit C.decision D.development34.A.direct B.positive C.complex D.timely35.A.food B.fuel C.recipe D.service【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.A25.C26.A27.D28.B29.A30.B31.C32.D33.A34.B35.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了Brickyard面包店沿用了古老的社區(qū)烤箱的想法，給人們提供了可以邊聊天邊烤食物的服務，這也幫助節(jié)省了顧客烘烤的燃料費用?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：事實上，有記錄可以追溯到12世紀，當時還沒有家用烤箱。A.reliable可依靠的；B.available可用的，可獲得的；C.safe安全的；D.useful有用的。根據(jù)上文中的“Communityovensareacenturies-oldtraditionworldwide.(社區(qū)烤箱是全世界有數(shù)百年歷史的傳統(tǒng)。)”和空前的“recordsgoingbacktothe12thcenturywhenhomeovenswerenot”可知，社區(qū)烤箱有上百年歷史，它能追溯到12世紀，當時沒有家用烤箱。故選B。【22題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：社區(qū)烤爐是人們在烤食物時一起聊天的地方。A.saved節(jié)??；B.shared分享；C.displayed展示；D.cooked煮（或烘烤、煎炸等）。根據(jù)句中的“Thecommunityovens”和下文中的“bakecakes”可知，社區(qū)烤箱給人們提供邊聊天邊烤食物的場所。故選D。【23題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：快進到今天，Brickyard面包店采用了這種獨特的方法。A.witnessed目睹；B.suggested建議；C.adopted采用；D.advertised做廣告。根據(jù)空后的“theuniqueapproach”和下文中的“It________tobakecakesforcustomersandprovidesthemwithawarmplacetostaywhiletheircakes,which________takefourormorehourstobake,areintheoven.”可知，Brickyard面包店采用了社區(qū)烤箱這種獨特的方法。故選C?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：它為顧客提供烤蛋糕的服務，并為他們提供一個可以待的溫暖地方，同時讓他們在烤箱里烤蛋糕，通常需要四個或更多小時。A.offers主動提出，提供；B.fails失敗，未能；C.declines下降；D.happens發(fā)生。根據(jù)空后的“tobakecakesforcustomers andprovidesthemwithawarmplacetostay

”可知，Brickyard面包店為顧客提供烤蛋糕的服務。且下文“thatHamilton-Trewhitthasprovided

”也是提示。故選A?！?5題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意參考上題。A.exactly精確地；B.hardly幾乎不；C.typically通常，一般；D.occasionally偶爾。根據(jù)空后的“takefourormorehourstobake”并結(jié)合常識可知，烤蛋糕通常需要四個或更多小時。故選C。【26題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：據(jù)報道，由于燃料成本的增加，許多人無法承受烤箱開那么久。A.afford買得起，負擔得起；B.wait等待；C.fear害怕；D.refuse拒絕。根據(jù)句中的“duetotheincreasingcostoffuel”可知，由于燃料成本上升，許多個人支付不起開太久烤箱的燃料費用。故選A?！?7題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們重新引入了舊時社區(qū)烤箱的想法。A.challenged向……挑戰(zhàn)；B.explained解釋；C.removed移開；D.reintroduced再次使用，重新引入。根據(jù)上文中的“Fastforwardtotoday,BrickyardBakeryhas________theuniqueapproach.”可知，Brickyard面包店采用了社區(qū)烤箱這種古老的做法，也就是重新引入了這種傳統(tǒng)想法。故選D?！?8題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：人們可以在家里準備蛋糕胚。A.bake烘烤；B.prepare準備；C.cut切，割；D.enjoy喜愛。根據(jù)空后的“theircakebase(胚)athome”和下文中的“itcanbe________toourbakeryforalargeamountofbaking”可知，顧客可以在家準備好蛋糕胚，然后在面包店烘烤。故選B?！?9題詳析】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：但不是在自己的烤箱里烤制，而是可以送到我們的面包店進行大量烘焙。A.insteadof而不是；B.regardlessof不管；C.dueto由于；D.asfor至于?！癰eingbakedintheirownovens”和“itcanbe________toourbakeryforalargeamountofbaking”之間是替代關系，這里是說可以在面包店大量烘焙，而不是在家里的烤箱烘焙。故選A?！?0題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意參考上題。A.returned返回；B.delivered運載，交付；C.sold賣；D.lent借出。根據(jù)空后的“toourbakery”可知，這里表示把蛋糕胚拿到面包店里烤制。故選B?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他補充道：“我突然想到，如果有人對烤圣誕蛋糕的能源成本感到煩惱，那么外面還會有更多人面臨同樣的情況?！盇.excited興奮的；B.curious好奇的；C.upset失望，難過，煩惱的；D.certain肯定的。根據(jù)空后的“abouttheenergycostsofbakingtheChristmascake”和上文中的“duetotheincreasingcostoffuel,manyindividualscannot________toleavetheirovensonthatlong”可知，這里表示對烤圣誕蛋糕的高昂能源成本感到煩惱。故選C?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞短語辨析。句意參考上題。A.accustomedto習慣于；B.devotedto致力于；C.satisfiedwith滿意；D.facedwith面對。根據(jù)空后的“thesamesituation”可知，這里表示有更多人面臨著同樣的情況。故選D。【33題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：總的來說，它花費我很少，但卻產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。A.difference差異，不同；B.profit利潤；C.decision決定；D.development發(fā)展。結(jié)合前文提到社區(qū)烤箱不僅可以節(jié)約個人開銷還可以把社區(qū)的居民集中到一起可知，這里是說社區(qū)烤箱這種服務能夠產(chǎn)生巨大影響。makeadifference意為“起作用，有影響”。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對這一嘗試的反應是如此積極，以至于Hamilton-Trewhitt一直提供這項服務，直到圣誕節(jié)前。A.direct直接的；B.positive積極的；C.complex復雜的；D.timely及時的。根據(jù)句中的“Hamilton-Trewhitthasprovidedthe________untilrightbeforeChristmas”可知，Hamilton-Trewhitt一直提供這項服務，直到圣誕節(jié)前，由此可知，人們對社區(qū)烤箱的反應非常積極。故選B。【35題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意參考上題。A.food食物；B.fuel燃料；C.recipe食譜；D.service服務。根據(jù)上文中的“It________tobakecakesforcustomersandprovidesthemwithawarmplacetostaywhiletheircakes,which________takefourormorehourstobake,areintheoven.”可知，社區(qū)烤箱是Brickyard面包店提供的烘焙服務。故選D。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。WalkingalongtheGreatWallisaonce-in-a-lifetimedreamformany,butJimSpearhastakenitonestep____36____(far),spendingthelast18yearslivinginavillagebeneaththeancientwonder.____37____68-year-old,aself-taughtarchitectfromtheUS,madethemostimportantdecisionofhislifetomovetoChinain1986,ayearbeforetheGreatWall____38____(list)asaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.Today,SpearcallsMutianyuvillagehome.Inthisquietplace,____39____(locate)atthefootoftheMutianyusectionoftheGreatWall,heliveswithhisdoginahomewithacourtyardgardenhetended____40____(he).Asanarchitect,notonlydidSpearrenovate(翻新)hisowndreamhouse,____41____comeswithmultipleviewsoftheGreatWall,buthealsoexploredwaystoboostthelocalbusinessandsupportruralresidents.Overtheyears,thearchitect____42____(help)renovatearound20householdsinMutianyu,mostofwhichnowoperate____43____hotelsorrestaurants,while____44____(do)hisbesttopreservetheoriginalstructuresasmuchaspossible.In_____45_____(recognize)ofhiscontributions,SpearwasgiventheGreatWallFriendshipAwardin2014.【答案】36.further37.The38.waslisted39.located40.himself41.which42.hashelped43.as44.doing45.recognition【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了建筑師JimSpear幫助改造了慕田峪的大約20戶人家，為了表彰他的貢獻，2014年，斯皮爾被授予“長城友誼獎”?！?6題詳析】考查比較級。句意：對許多人來說，沿著長城行走是一生一次的夢想，但吉姆·斯皮爾更進一步，在過去的18年里，他住在這個古老奇跡下面的一個村莊里。此處表示“更進一步”應用比較級further。故填further?！?7題詳析】考查定冠詞。句意：這位68歲的美國建筑師自學成才，1986年，也就是長城被聯(lián)合國教科文組織列為世界遺產(chǎn)的前一年，他做出了人生中最重要的決定——移居中國。這里特指上文中的JimSpear，因此使用定冠詞。故填The?！?8題詳析】考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：這位68歲的美國建筑師自學成才，1986年，也就是長城被聯(lián)合國教科文組織列為世界遺產(chǎn)的前一年，他做出了人生中最重