高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1廣東省廣州市黃埔區(qū)某中學(xué)2025-2026學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AGuangdongishometomanyexcellentbirdwatchingdestinations,fromcoastalflatstoquietwetlands.Herearefourmust-visitdestinationsforbirdenthusiaststocapturethebeautyofmigratorybirdsintheirnaturalhabitat.HaizhuWetland,GuangzhouLocatedintheheartofGuangzhou,HaizhuWetlandservesasthecity’sgreenlungs,withrichwaternetworksandabundantbirdlife.Afteryearsofecologicalrestoration,ithasbecomeacrucialstopformigratorybirds.Over200birdspeciescanbeobservedhere,makingitamust-visitfornatureenthusiasts.Recently,arareruddyshelduckwasrecordedinthearea.ShenzhenBayParkShenzhenBay’scoastalwetlandsarehometoabundantfishandshrimp,makingitanidealfeedinggroundformigratorybirds.FromOctobertoMay,tensofthousandsofmigratorybirds,includingtheblack-facedspoonbill,tuftedduck,andnorthernshoveler,stophere.Thisparkisnotonlyabirdwatcher’sparadisebutalsoascenicspotforvisitorstoenjoyseasideviews.XinghuNationalWetlandPark,ZhaoqingXinghuNationalWetlandPark,withitsnumerousislands,vastwaterareas,andabundantfishandshrimp,providesanidealfeedinggroundformigratorybirds.FromOctobertoApril,theareaattractsflocksofmigratorybirdsalongsideresidentspecieslikethewhiteegret.Visitorscanenjoybreathtakingviewsofflocksofherons(鷺)inflightwhilecruisingpastthewildbirdislands.Bird’sParadiseNationalWetlandPark,JiangmenFamouslydescribedasthe“BirdParadise”byrenownedauthorBaJin,Bird’sParadiseNationalWetlandParkisnotonlyanaturalbirdwatchinghaven,butalsothelargestheronbreedinggroundinSouthChina,withthousandshatchedhereannually.Itscenterpiece—a400-year-oldwaterbanyantree—hasgrownintoa13,000m2forest,hometotensofthousandsofbirds.DuringthebreedingseasoninMarchandApril,manyvisitorstakeboattoursalongtherivertowitnessBaJin’spoeticdescriptions.1.WhatuniquefeaturedoesHaizhuwetlandoffertobirdwatchers?A.A400-year-oldwaterbanyantree.B.BoattoursduringMarchandApril.C.Coastalwetlandswithabundantfishandshrimp.D.Over200birdspeciesandarareruddyshelduck.2.WhatdoShenzhenBayParkandXinghuNationalWetlandParkhaveincommon?A.Theirwetlandsofferabundantfoodresources.B.Theybothhavecleanwatersandgreenshores.C.Theyarebothcrucialstopswithrichwaternetworks.D.Ecologicalrestorationhasmadethemanidealfeedingground.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atravelmagazine. B.Anecologicalreport.C.Anacademicjournal. D.Ageographytextbook.【答案】1.D2.A3.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹的是廣東四個(gè)絕佳的觀鳥勝地。【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HaizhuWetland,Guangzhou部分“Over200birdspeciescanbeobservedhere,makingitamust-visitfornatureenthusiasts.Recently,arareruddyshelduckwasrecordedinthearea.(在此可觀測到200多種鳥類，是自然愛好者的必訪之地。近日，該區(qū)域還記錄到了一只罕見的赤麻鴨。)”可知，海珠國家濕地公園有超過200種鳥類和一種罕見的赤麻鴨。故選D。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ShenzhenBayPark部分“ShenzhenBay’scoastalwetlandsarehometoabundantfishandshrimp,makingitanidealfeedinggroundformigratorybirds.(深圳灣的沿海濕地?fù)碛胸S富的魚蝦資源，是候鳥理想的覓食地。)”和XinghuNationalWetlandPark,Zhaoqing部分“XinghuNationalWetlandPark,withitsnumerousislands,vastwaterareas,andabundantfishandshrimp,providesanidealfeedinggroundformigratorybirds.(星湖國家濕地公園擁有眾多島嶼、廣闊的水域以及豐富的魚蝦資源，為候鳥提供了理想的覓食地。)”可知，這兩者的共同點(diǎn)是它們的濕地提供了豐富的食物資源。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Herearefourmust-visitdestinationsforbirdenthusiaststocapturethebeautyofmigratorybirdsintheirnaturalhabitat.(以下是鳥類愛好者在自然棲息地捕捉候鳥美景的四個(gè)必去目的地。)”可知，本文主要介紹的是廣東四個(gè)絕佳的觀鳥勝地，因此可能來自于旅游雜志。故選A。BOnthefirstnightofthenewmoon,IstandbeneathaninkyexpanseofskyataNorthernCaliforniacampsite.Thedarknessissoprofoundthatmyoutstretchedhandvanishesbeforemyeyes.It’snotjustanabsenceoflightI’mexperiencing:thedarknessfeelstangible,withaweightandtextureofitsown.Themostwell-knownbenefitofthedarknessistheroleitplaysinreleasingmelatonin(褪黑素).Thiscriticalhormonedoesn’tjusthelpussleep,butcanalsoreduceDNAdamagebyboostingthebody’sowngeneticrepairmachinery.Evidencealsorevealsthatthemagicwefeelinthedarknessiscloselyassociatedwithbettermentalhealth.MyownfascinationwiththedarkbeganinOctoberof2022,whenIfoundmyselffloatinginaraft(木筏)intheArcticSea.Ourexpeditionguidehadmotoredourrubberraftawayfromtheartificiallightsofourlargership,turnedtheouterengineoff,andinstructedustobesilent.MyshipmatesandIlookedupintotheenormousnightskyasstarsmovedintheblackspaceabove.ThedarknesswassodensethatIcouldn’ttellupfromdown,orwherethenightskyended,andtheinkyseabegan.IfeltasurgeofpositivefeelingsflowingthroughmeasIgazedatthestarsonthatdarkArcticnight.Theexperiencechangedmyrelationshiptodarkness.Assomeonewho’dalwaysenjoyedtheideaofgoingtobedearlytogetagoodnight’ssleep,Idecidedtoturnoffartificiallightsandelectronicdevicesearlierintheevening.Ialsobeganwonderingwhat“dose”ofdarkeachnightwasidealformyhealth.Artists,poetsandsongwritershavelongunderstoodourfearofthedarkaswellasthecomfortitcanbringus.Forme,it’stheSimon&Garfunkelhitsong,TheSoundofSilence—whichstartsoffwiththeline“Hellodarkness,myoldfriend”—thatcapturestheessenceofwhyescapingthelightisnecessaryattimes.Itremindsusthatsomeofourmostprofoundmomentsofhealingandinsighthappeninthedark.4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutdarknessisNOTTRUE?A.Itcanbetteroursleepquality. B.Itcanimproveourmentalhealth.C.ItcanprotectusfromDNAdamage. D.Itcanchangeourdamagedgenes.5.WhatdoestheArcticexperienceshowabouttheauthor?A.Heinitiallyfearedtotaldarkness. B.Hediscoveredanewscientificphenomenon.C.Heregrettedjoiningtheexpedition. D.Hisperceptionofdarknessshiftedgreatly.6.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Weshouldescapethelightallthetime.B.Artists,poetsandsongwritersfeardarkness.C.Darknessbringssomebeautifulmomentstous.D.TheSoundofSilencecapturestheessenceoflight.7.Whichcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.MyArcticAdventure:ANightUndertheStars.B.BeyondFear:TheUnseenBenefitsofDarkness.C.ArtandScience:HowDarknessHealsUs.D.Melatonin:Nature’sRepairMechanism.【答案】4.D5.D6.C7.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。這篇文章主要講述了作者在北極海上的黑暗夜晚中，對(duì)黑暗的新認(rèn)識(shí)和感受?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thiscriticalhormonedoesn’tjusthelpussleep,butcanalsoreduceDNAdamagebyboostingthebody’sowngeneticrepairmachinery.

(這種關(guān)鍵的激素不僅能幫助我們?nèi)胨?，還能通過增強(qiáng)人體自身的基因修復(fù)機(jī)制來減少DNA損傷。)”可知，黑暗有助于睡眠，并能通過增強(qiáng)身體自身的基因修復(fù)機(jī)制來減少DNA損傷。根據(jù)第二段“Evidencealsorevealsthatthemagicwefeelinthedarknessiscloselyassociatedwithbettermentalhealth.(研究結(jié)果還表明，在黑暗中所產(chǎn)生的那種神奇的感覺與良好的心理健康狀況有著密切的關(guān)聯(lián)。)”可知，黑暗與更好的心理健康有關(guān)。而D項(xiàng)“Itcanchangeourdamagedgenes.(它可以改變我們受損的基因)”未提及；因此D項(xiàng)說法不正確。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Theexperiencechangedmyrelationshiptodarkness.(這段經(jīng)歷改變了我對(duì)黑暗的看法。)”可知，這次北極的經(jīng)歷極大地改變了作者對(duì)黑暗的看法和感受。以及本段中“Assomeonewho’dalwaysenjoyedtheideaofgoingtobedearlytogetagoodnight’ssleep,Idecidedtoturnoffartificiallightsandelectronicdevicesearlierintheevening.Ialsobeganwonderingwhat“dose”ofdarkeachnightwasidealformyhealth.(作為一個(gè)一直喜歡早睡以獲得充足睡眠的人，我決定在晚上更早的時(shí)候關(guān)掉人造燈光和電子設(shè)備。同時(shí)，我也開始思考每晚適宜的黑暗程度對(duì)我的健康究竟有多重要。)”可知，作者之前可能也重視睡眠，但這次經(jīng)歷讓他更加關(guān)注黑暗本身對(duì)健康的作用，從而主動(dòng)減少夜間人造光源的使用，并思考理想的黑暗“劑量”。這表明他對(duì)黑暗的感知發(fā)生了巨大的轉(zhuǎn)變。故選D項(xiàng)。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Artists,poetsandsongwritershavelongunderstoodourfearofthedarkaswellasthecomfortitcanbringus.

(藝術(shù)家、詩人和詞曲作者們早就深知我們對(duì)黑暗的恐懼，以及它能給我們帶來的慰藉。)”可知，黑暗既能帶來恐懼也能帶來慰藉。再根據(jù)該段最后一句“Itremindsusthatsomeofourmostprofoundmomentsofhealingandinsighthappeninthedark.(這讓我們明白，我們那些最為深刻的成長與頓悟時(shí)刻往往發(fā)生在黑暗之中。)”可知，黑暗能帶來深刻的療愈和洞察時(shí)刻，這些可以被視為美好的時(shí)刻。故選C項(xiàng)。【7題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，文章描述了黑暗的深邃感，接著闡述了黑暗的科學(xué)益處（褪黑素、睡眠、DNA保護(hù)、心理健康），然后通過作者的北極經(jīng)歷，展示了黑暗帶來的深刻情感體驗(yàn)以及個(gè)人態(tài)度的轉(zhuǎn)變，最后引用藝術(shù)作品來強(qiáng)調(diào)黑暗在療愈和頓悟方面的重要作用。選項(xiàng)B“BeyondFear:TheUnseenBenefitsofDarkness(超越恐懼：黑暗的無形益處)”最全面、最準(zhǔn)確地概括了文章主旨。故選B項(xiàng)。CWhatcanasealteachusaboutthedeepocean?Plenty-aslongasit’swearingsatellite-linkeddevicesonitshead.CliveMcMahon,whoworksonanelephantsealtaggingprojectattheUniversityofTasmaniainAustralia,saidthatdeep-divingsealscanprovidescientistswithawealthofinformationonthestructureoftheoceanfloor.Togatherthisinformation,McMahonandhisteamattachedsmallsatellite-linkeddevicestoseals.Thedevicestookmeasurementsoftemperatureanddepthasthesealsswam.Since2004,McMahon’steamhastrackedmorethan500,000individualsealdivesbeneaththeEastAntarcticcontinentalshelf,whichistheedgeofacontinentthatliesundertheocean.“GiventheremotenatureofAntarcticaandthesurroundingSouthernOcean,onlyasmallpartoftheAntarcticcontinentalshelfwassurveyedbyshipsinthepast,”McMahonsaid.“Sotheinformationavailableaboutthisareaissparse.”Butsealsarehelpingscientistsfillinthepiecestothispuzzle.InJuly2023,McMahonandhisteampublishedastudyabouttheirworkwithdeep-divingsealsinascientificjournal.InformationfromsealdivesishelpingscientistsunderstandhowtheoceanaffectsAntarctica’sroleinglobalclimate.“Wefoundinsomeregionsthatmorethan25percentofpreviousestimatesoftheoceandepthswerewrong.”saidMarkHindell,whoalsoworkedonthestudy.“Weonlyknowthisnowbecausethesealsweredivinghundredsofmetersbelowthosedepths.Inthemostextremecases,theydivedmorethan1,000meters(3,281feet)deeperthanwhatwethoughtwasthe‘oceanfloor’”.Thedata,orinformation,fromthedivesalsorevealednewunderwaterfeatures,includingtroughs,whicharelong,wideanddeepsunkenareasintheoceanfloor.Thankstotheseals,thescientistsalsofoundadeepcanyonneartheVanderfordGlacier,whichisaslow-movingriveroficehundredsorthousandsofmetersdeep.8.Whatisthemainpurposeofthearticle?A.AnalyzingEastAntarcticshelf’sgeography.B.Discussingoceanimpactsonclimatechange.C.Describingsatellitedevicesinoceanresearch.D.Introducingseals’roleincollectingoceandata.9.Whichisclosestinmeaningto“sparse”inparagraph3?A.Limited. B.Plentiful. C.Complex. D.Unrelated.10.Whyistheseal-gathereddataconsideredimportant?A.Sealsdivedeeperthanothermarineanimals.B.Sealsareabletoreplaceextensiveshipsurveys.C.Sealsareequippedwithadvancedtechnologyindevices.D.Sealsaccessremoteoceanareasbeyondhuman’sknowledge.11.Whatmightthearticlecontinuetalkingabout?A.Theimpactofsealdivesonoceanecosystemresearch.B.Thechallengesfacedbyscientistsintrackingsealdives.C.Thesignificanceofthenewlydiscoveredunderwaterfeatures.D.Theapplicationsofsatellite-linkeddevicesinotheranimalstudies.【答案】8.D9.A10.D11.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了海豹如何通過佩戴衛(wèi)星連接設(shè)備來幫助科學(xué)家研究深海的情況?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Whatcanasealteachusaboutthedeepocean?Plenty-aslongasit’swearingsatellite-linkeddevicesonitshead.CliveMcMahon,whoworksonanelephantsealtaggingprojectattheUniversityofTasmaniainAustralia,saidthatdeep-divingsealscanprovidescientistswithawealthofinformationonthestructureoftheoceanfloor.(海豹能告訴我們關(guān)于深海的什么？只要它頭上戴著與衛(wèi)星相連的設(shè)備，就足夠了。在澳大利亞塔斯馬尼亞大學(xué)從事象海豹標(biāo)記項(xiàng)目的CliveMcMahon說，深潛海豹可以為科學(xué)家提供有關(guān)海底結(jié)構(gòu)的豐富信息。)”以及第二段“Togatherthisinformation,McMahonandhisteamattachedsmallsatellite-linkeddevicestoseals.Thedevicestookmeasurementsoftemperatureanddepthasthesealsswam.(為了收集這些信息，McMahon和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)在海豹身上安裝了小型衛(wèi)星連接設(shè)備。這些設(shè)備在海豹游泳時(shí)測量溫度和深度。)”，再結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，文章討論了海豹如何通過佩戴與衛(wèi)星相連的設(shè)備，為科學(xué)家提供有關(guān)深海的寶貴信息，包括溫度、深度和水下特征。即本文的主要目的是介紹海豹在收集海洋數(shù)據(jù)中的作用。故選D。【9題詳析】詞義辨析題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上一句“GiventheremotenatureofAntarcticaandthesurroundingSouthernOcean,onlyasmallpartoftheAntarcticcontinentalshelfwassurveyedbyshipsinthepast(考慮到南極洲和周圍南大洋的偏遠(yuǎn)性質(zhì)，過去只有一小部分南極大陸架被船只勘測過。)”可知，只有一小部分南極大陸架被船只勘測過，由此可推斷，這個(gè)地區(qū)的可用信息不多。由此可知，劃線單詞和“很少、有限”相似。選項(xiàng)A“Limited(有限的)”；選項(xiàng)B“Plentiful(豐富的)”；選項(xiàng)C“Complex(復(fù)雜的)”；選項(xiàng)D“Unrelated(無關(guān)的)”。故選A?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段““GiventheremotenatureofAntarcticaandthesurroundingSouthernOcean,onlyasmallpartoftheAntarcticcontinentalshelfwassurveyedbyshipsinthepast,”McMahonsaid.“Sotheinformationavailableaboutthisareaissparse.”Butsealsarehelpingscientistsfillinthepiecestothispuzzle.(McMahon說：“考慮到南極洲和周圍南大洋的偏遠(yuǎn)性質(zhì)，過去只有一小部分南極大陸架被船只勘測過。因此，關(guān)于這一地區(qū)的可用信息很少?！钡１趲椭茖W(xué)家們填補(bǔ)這個(gè)謎題的碎片。)”以及第四段“InformationfromsealdivesishelpingscientistsunderstandhowtheoceanaffectsAntarctica’sroleinglobalclimate.“Wefoundinsomeregionsthatmorethan25percentofpreviousestimatesoftheoceandepthswerewrong.”saidMarkHindell,whoalsoworkedonthestudy.“Weonlyknowthisnowbecausethesealsweredivinghundredsofmetersbelowthosedepths.Inthemostextremecases,theydivedmorethan1,000meters(3,281feet)deeperthanwhatwethoughtwasthe‘oceanfloor’”.(來自海豹潛水的信息幫助科學(xué)家了解海洋如何影響南極洲在全球氣候中的作用?！拔覀儼l(fā)現(xiàn)，在一些地區(qū)，之前對(duì)海洋深度的估計(jì)有25%以上是錯(cuò)誤的?！眳⑴c這項(xiàng)研究的MarkHindell說?！拔覀儸F(xiàn)在才知道這一點(diǎn)，因?yàn)楹１谶@些深度以下數(shù)百米的地方潛水。在最極端的情況下，他們比我們認(rèn)為的‘海底’還要深1000多米(3281英尺)?！?”可知，海豹可以進(jìn)入人類所知甚少的遙遠(yuǎn)海域，所以海豹收集的數(shù)據(jù)是很重要的。故選D?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Thedata,orinformation,fromthedivesalsorevealednewunderwaterfeatures,includingtroughs,whicharelong,wideanddeepsunkenareasintheoceanfloor.Thankstotheseals,thescientistsalsofoundadeepcanyonneartheVanderfordGlacier,whichisaslow-movingriveroficehundredsorthousandsofmetersdeep.(來自潛水的數(shù)據(jù)或信息還揭示了新的水下特征，包括海底槽，即海底長、寬、深的沉沒區(qū)域。多虧了海豹，科學(xué)家們還在Vanderford冰川附近發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)很深的峽谷，這條峽谷就像數(shù)百米或數(shù)千米深的低移動(dòng)冰河。)”可知，最后一段介紹了科學(xué)家們通過海豹在Vanderford冰川附近發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)很深的峽谷，由此可推測，文章接下來可以分析這個(gè)新發(fā)現(xiàn)的意義。故選C。DGettingintoargumentswithstrangersonlineorfamilymembersatthedinnertablecanfeelabitlikedebatingwithabrickwall.Weareprobablyallguilty(有過失的)offeelinglikeweareright,evenifwedon’thaveallthefacts.Thisphenomenoniscalledthe“illusionofinformationadequacy(IOIA)”.“Interpersonalconflictisontherise,drivingincreasesinanger,anxiety,andgeneralstress,”saysAngusFletcher,aresearcherattheOhioStateUniversity.“Wewantedtolookintothosemisunderstandingsandseehowtheycouldbereduced.”Inthestudy,theteamsurveyed1,261Americansonline.Alltheparticipantsreadanarticleaboutanimaginaryschoolwithwatershortage.Grouponereadanarticlethatonlygavereasonsformerging(合并)withanotherschoolthathasbetterwater.Grouptworeadanarticlethatonlygavereasonsfortheschoolsstayingseparateandhopingforothersolutionstotheproblem.Groupthreewasthecontrolgroupthatreadbothsetsofthearguments.Theyfoundthemajorityofthefirsttwogroupsbelievedtheyhadenoughinformationtodecidewhattodo.Theysaidtheywouldfollowtherecommendationsinthearticletheyreadandthoughtotherswouldmakethesamedecision.About55percentofthecontrolgrouprecommendedtheschoolsmerge.TheteamcallsthisbeliefIOIA.Fletcherdescribesitas,“Thelessourbrainknows,themoreconfidentitisthatitknowsallitneedstoknow.Thismakesusleaptoconfidentconclusionsanddecisivejudgments,whenwemissnecessaryinformation.”Theteamalsofoundsomewerewillingtochangetheirminds—oncetheyhadallthefacts.Timingalsoplaysarole.Thepeopleinthestudychangedtheiropinionsthatwererecentlyformed,notlong-heldbeliefs.AccordingtoFletcher,oneofthebestwaystoreduceIOIAwhendisagreeingwithsomeoneistostopandask,“IstheresomethingI'mmissingthatwouldhelpmeunderstandtheirpositionbetter?”Thiscanhelpreduceunnecessaryinterpersonalconflict.12.WhatwasthemaingoalofFletcher’sresearch?A.Tofindwaystoimprovedebateskills. B.Toidentifytypesofinformationsources.C.Toexplainwhyitisnecessarytosticktofacts. D.Toexplorehowtominimizemisunderstandings.13.WhydidparticipantsinGrouponeandtwotendtohaveIOIA?A.Theyhelddeep-rootedbeliefs. B.Theyreceivedalotoffalseinformation.C.Theywereexposedtoone-sidedarguments. D.Theywereworriedabouttheschool’ssituation.14.WhatdoesFletchersuggesttofightIOIA?A.Establishinginterpersonalbonds. B.Seekingtobridgetheinformationgap.C.Encouragingotherstoseethebigpicture. D.Stressingtheweaknessesinothers’positions.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.WhyDoPeopleInsistTheyAreCorrect? B.DoesInterpersonalConflictLeadtoStress?C.CanConversationsAffectWhatWeBelieve? D.WhatContributestoSensibleDecision-making?【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。在與別人爭吵時(shí)，我們總認(rèn)為自己是對(duì)的，這種現(xiàn)象被稱為“信息充足錯(cuò)覺”(IOIA)。文章主要介紹了我們有信息充足錯(cuò)覺的原因?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Fletcher所說的話““Wewantedtolookintothosemisunderstandingsandseehowtheycouldbereduced.”(“我們想探討這些誤解，并看看如何減少它們。”)”可知，F(xiàn)letcher的研究是主要是為了探索如何最大程度地減少誤解。故選D。【13題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Inthestudy,theteamsurveyed1,261Americansonline.Alltheparticipantsreadanarticleaboutanimaginaryschoolwithwatershortage.Grouponereadanarticlethatonlygavereasonsformergingwithanotherschoolthathasbetterwater.Grouptworeadanarticlethatonlygavereasonsfortheschoolsstayingseparateandhopingforothersolutionstotheproblem.

(在這項(xiàng)研究中，研究團(tuán)隊(duì)在網(wǎng)上調(diào)查了1261名美國人。所有參與者都閱讀了一篇關(guān)于一所缺水學(xué)校的虛構(gòu)報(bào)道。第一組閱讀的報(bào)道只給出了與另一所有更好水源的學(xué)校合并的理由。第二組閱讀的報(bào)道只給出了學(xué)校保持獨(dú)立并希望找到其他的方法的理由。)”可知，第一組和第二組所閱讀的報(bào)道給出的理由都是單方面的，所以第一組和第二組的參與者傾向于有信息充足錯(cuò)覺（IOIA）。故選C?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“AccordingtoFletcher,oneofthebestwaystoreduceIOIAwhendisagreeingwithsomeoneistostopandask,“IstheresomethingI’mmissingthatwouldhelpmeunderstandtheirpositionbetter?”Thiscanhelpreduceunnecessaryinterpersonalconflict.(根據(jù)弗萊徹的說法，當(dāng)與他人意見不同時(shí)，減少IOIA的最好方法之一是停下來問自己：“我是不是漏掉了什么導(dǎo)致我無法更好地理解他們的立場？”這可以幫助減少不必要的沖突。)”可知，F(xiàn)letcher建議，要想應(yīng)對(duì)信息充足錯(cuò)覺（IOIA），你應(yīng)該問自己是不是漏掉了什么導(dǎo)致自己無法更好地理解他們的立場，這說明要努力彌補(bǔ)信息差，由此可推知，F(xiàn)letcher建議要通過彌補(bǔ)信息差來應(yīng)對(duì)IOIA，故選B?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Gettingintoargumentswithstrangersonlineorfamilymembersatthedinnertablecanfeelabitlikedebatingwithabrickwall.Weareprobablyallguiltyoffeelinglikeweareright,evenifwedon’thaveallthefacts.Thisphenomenoniscalledthe“illusionofinformationadequacy

(IOIA)”.(在網(wǎng)上與陌生人或在晚餐桌上與家人爭吵，感覺就像在和一堵磚墻辯論。我們可能都犯過這樣的錯(cuò)誤，自己是對(duì)的，即使我們沒有掌握所有的事實(shí)。這種現(xiàn)象被稱為“信息充足錯(cuò)覺”(IOIA)。)”和第二段中““Wewantedtolookintothosemisunderstandingsandseehowtheycouldbereduced.”(“我們想探討這些誤解，并看看如何減少它們?！?”可知，在與別人爭吵時(shí)，我們總認(rèn)為自己是對(duì)的，這種現(xiàn)象被稱為“信息充足錯(cuò)覺”(IOIA)。文章主要介紹了我們有信息充足錯(cuò)覺的原因，A項(xiàng)“為什么人們堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為自己是對(duì)的？”適合作文章標(biāo)題，故選A。第二節(jié)七選五（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。WhyPeopleMayStareatYouYoumayhaveexperiencedthesituationwheresomeonestaringatyou,suchaswhenyou’requietlyseatedonabus,onlytofindthatthepersonacrossfromyouislookingatyourfeet.Didyouputontwodifferentshoes?No,youcheckyourshoes—botharethesame.___16___AnewstudybyHannahScottandcolleaguesfromtheUniversityofLondonsuggestedthatpeoplestarebecausefaces,especiallytheeyes,providemanyusefulnon-verbalcluesaboutaperson’smentalstate.___17___Observingwhatotherslookatoffersaglimpseintotheirthoughts.___18___Thestudyalsofoundthatpeoplemayfocusonothers’lipsduringtalks.Ifyoufeelsomeone’sgazeonyourmouthwhilespeaking,it’slikelynotanindicationofromanticinterest,butratherthattheymightnothearyouwell.Similarly,peoplemaylookatyourhandswhenyougesture.Astheymaybetryingtounderstandyouractionswhenyouaretalkingorperformingatask.Thestudyshowedthatpeopletendtodirecttheirgazeatthepartofthebodythatprovidesthemostinformation.___19___Theygettheaudiencetofocusontheirfaceswhileperforminghandtricks.Thistechniquehelpsswitchattentionfromtheirhandsduringcardtricksorcoinmagic.Scott’sstudyconcludedthatpeoplearenotnaturallybiasedtofocusonsomeone’sface.Instead,theyaredrawntothebodypartsthatprovidethemostrelevantinformation.___20___Butwhensomeoneisperformingamanualtask,it’sthehandsthatdrawthegaze.Thisalsoexplainswhymagiciansoftentalktoengagetheiraudience’sattentionontheirfaceswhileperformingtrickswiththeirhands.A.So,whatcausessuchstares?B.Butit’snotjusteyesthatdrawstares.C.Theeyes,containsociallyrelevantinformation.D.Thisexplainshowmagiciansapplymisdirection.E.Ifsomeoneisspeaking,theeyesattractattention.F.Sometimes,suchintensestarescanmakeusfeeluneasy.G.Thewaypeopletalkcanalsoattractstaresduringconversations.【答案】16.A17.C18.B19.D20.E【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了人們喜歡凝視他人的原因?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Youmayhaveexperiencedthesituationwheresomeonestaringatyou,suchaswhenyou’requietlyseatedonabus,onlytofindthatthepersonacrossfromyouislookingatyourfeet.Didyouputontwodifferentshoes?No,youcheckyourshoes—botharethesame.(你可能經(jīng)歷過有人盯著你看的情況，比如當(dāng)你安靜地坐在公共汽車上時(shí)，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)面的人在看你的腳。你穿了兩只不同的鞋嗎？不，你檢查你的鞋子——兩者是一樣的)”結(jié)合下文解釋凝視的原因可知，本句為過渡句，引出后文人們喜歡凝視的原因。故A選項(xiàng)“那么，是什么導(dǎo)致了這樣的凝視呢？”符合語境，故選A?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“AnewstudybyHannahScottandcolleaguesfromtheUniversityofLondonsuggestedthatpeoplestarebecausefaces,especiallytheeyes,providemanyusefulnon-verbalcluesaboutaperson’smentalstate.(倫敦大學(xué)的漢娜·斯科特及其同事的一項(xiàng)新研究表明，人們之所以盯著別人看，是因?yàn)槟槪绕涫茄劬?，提供了許多關(guān)于一個(gè)人精神狀態(tài)的有用的非語言線索)”可知，上文提到人臉提供了一些精神狀態(tài)的線索，且強(qiáng)調(diào)了眼睛包含信息更多，故C選項(xiàng)“眼睛包含與社交相關(guān)的信息”符合語境，故選C?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Thestudyalsofoundthatpeoplemayfocusonothers’lipsduringtalks.Ifyoufeelsomeone’sgazeonyourmouthwhilespeaking,it’slikelynotanindicationofromanticinterest,butratherthattheymightnothearyouwell.Similarly,peoplemaylookatyourhandswhenyougesture.Astheymaybetryingtounderstandyouractionswhenyouaretalkingorperformingatask.(研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)，人們在談話時(shí)可能會(huì)關(guān)注他人的嘴唇。如果你在說話的時(shí)候感覺到有人盯著你的嘴看，這很可能不是對(duì)你有好感，而是他們可能聽不清你說的話。同樣，當(dāng)你做手勢時(shí)，人們可能會(huì)看著你的手。因?yàn)楫?dāng)你說話或執(zhí)行任務(wù)時(shí)，他們可能會(huì)試圖理解你的行為)”可知，后文提到對(duì)話的時(shí)候人們會(huì)關(guān)注他人的嘴唇，即不只關(guān)注眼睛。故B選項(xiàng)“但吸引目光的不只是眼睛”符合語境，故選B?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Thestudyshowedthatpeopletendtodirecttheirgazeatthepartofthebodythatprovidesthemostinformation.(研究表明，人們傾向于把目光投向提供最多信息的身體部位)”以及后文“Theygettheaudiencetofocusontheirfaceswhileperforminghandtricks.Thistechniquehelpsswitchattentionfromtheirhandsduringcardtricksorcoinmagic.(他們在表演手技時(shí)讓觀眾把注意力集中在他們的臉上。這項(xiàng)技術(shù)有助于在玩紙牌或硬幣魔術(shù)時(shí)將注意力從他們的手上轉(zhuǎn)移開)”可知，后文提到了表演魔術(shù)，推測是用魔術(shù)師進(jìn)行舉例說明。故D選項(xiàng)“這就解釋了魔術(shù)師是如何誤導(dǎo)別人的”符合語境，故選D?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Scott’sstudyconcludedthatpeoplearenotnaturallybiasedtofocusonsomeone’sface.Instead,theyaredrawntothebodypartsthatprovidethemostrelevantinformation.(斯科特的研究得出的結(jié)論是，人們不會(huì)自然地偏向于關(guān)注別人的臉。相反，它們會(huì)被吸引到提供最相關(guān)信息的身體部位)”可知，本句承接上文，具體說明被吸引到關(guān)注的身體部位是什么。故E選項(xiàng)“如果有人在說話，眼睛會(huì)吸引注意力”符合語境，故選E。第二部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Attheageof12,Istartedplayinggolfwhenmyparentsenrolledmeinajuniorcampatthelocalpubliccourse.Fromthatmoment,muchofmylifehasbeen____21____thegame.Theaspectofgolfthatattractedmewasthesenseof____22____.There’salwaysachanceofmakingsomething____23____happen,maybebreakingapersonalrecordorpotentiallymakingahole-in-one.WhenIdecidedtopursuejournalismincollege,Ihadtotakea____24____fromthegame.I’dstillgoout____25____toplaywithfriends,butforthefirsttimesincemyteens,Iwasawayfrommycommunity.My____26____forplayinggolfreawakenedwhenafriendinvitedmetotheLangstoncourse,which____27____meofthecourseswhereIgrewup:a____28____spotforpeopleofallworking-classbackgrounds,andafarcryfromtheprivategolf____29____,inwhichexpensivemembershipsareabasic_____30_____.WhenIgetpairedupwithstrangerstoplay,it’susuallymoreofa_____31_____crowd.SomeofthebestwalksI’vetakenhavebeenoutonthegolfcourse.It’swhereI_____32_____witholdfriendsandmeetnewones,who_____33_____metopracticeandgetbetter.Weshareexperiencesonthegolfcoursethatare_____34_____andlaughaboutfordaysafterourrounds.ThesenseofcommunityI’veregainedwithgolfgoesbeyondmyimagination.Mycircleonlyseemstobe_____35_____,andI’meagertoseewhatthefutureholds.21.A.wastedon B.devotedto C.confusedby D.settledfor22.A.opportunity B.direction C.security D.adventure23.A.funny B.necessary C.odd D.magical24.A.story B.clue C.break D.report25.A.occasionally B.calmly C.secretly D.unwillingly26.A.curiosity B.passion C.respect D.courage27.A.warned B.informed C.convinced D.reminded28.A.costly B.quiet C.modest D.personal29.A.courses B.plays C.backgrounds D.spots30.A.benefit B.requirement C.concept D.method31.A.difficult B.decent C.diverse D.nervous32.A.disagree B.argue C.fight D.reconnect33.A.force B.push C.permit D.order34.A.memorable B.regrettable C.upsetting D.pioneering35.A.balancing B.declining C.expanding D.narrowing【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.A26.B27.D28.C29.A30.B31.C32.D33.B34.A35.C【語篇解讀】本文是夾敘夾議文。文章主要講述作者對(duì)打高爾夫的熱情和喜愛?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：從那一刻起，我的大部分時(shí)間都投入到了這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)中。A.wastedon浪費(fèi)在…上；B.devotedto奉獻(xiàn)于…；C.confusedby被…困惑；D.settledfor滿足于…。根據(jù)下文“Theaspectofgolfthatattractedme”可知，作者喜歡上了打高爾夫，所以應(yīng)該是把時(shí)間都奉獻(xiàn)在打高爾夫上面。故選B。【22題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：高爾夫吸引我的是機(jī)會(huì)感。A.opportunity機(jī)會(huì)；B.direction方向；C.security安全；D.adventure冒險(xiǎn)。根據(jù)下文“There’salwaysachanceofmakingsomething________happen”可知，打高爾夫?qū)ψ髡邅碚f是一次機(jī)會(huì)。故選A。【23題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：總有機(jī)會(huì)讓一些神奇的事情發(fā)生，也許打破個(gè)人記錄，或者可能在一個(gè)人身上打洞。A.funny有趣的；B.necessary必要的；C.odd奇怪的；D.magical神奇的。根據(jù)下文“maybebreakingapersonalrecord”可知，打破個(gè)人記錄是個(gè)神奇的事情。故選D?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我決定在大學(xué)里從事新聞工作時(shí)，我不得不從比賽中休息一下。A.story故事；B.clue線索；C.break休息；D.report報(bào)道。根據(jù)上文“WhenIdecidedtopursuejournalismincollege”可知，作者從事新聞工作對(duì)于比賽就相當(dāng)于是在休息。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我偶爾還是會(huì)出去和朋友玩，但這是我十幾歲以來第一次離開我的社區(qū)。A.occasionally偶爾；B.calmly冷靜地；C.secretly秘密地；D.unwillingly不情愿地。根據(jù)上文“WhenIdecidedtopursuejournalismincollege,Ihadtotakea________fromthegame.”可知，作者上大學(xué)期間不再專業(yè)打比賽，所以和朋友出去打高爾夫應(yīng)該只是偶爾做的事情。故選A。【26題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)一位朋友邀請我去蘭斯頓球場時(shí)，我對(duì)打高爾夫的熱情重新燃起，這讓我想起了我成長的球場：這是一個(gè)適合所有工人階級(jí)背景的人的地方，與私人高爾夫球場相去甚遠(yuǎn)，在那里，昂貴的會(huì)員資格是基本要求。A.curiosity好奇心；B.passion熱情；C.respect尊敬；D.courage勇氣。根據(jù)下文“playinggolfreawakenedwhenafriendinvitedmetotheLangstoncourse”可知，當(dāng)一位朋友邀請作者去蘭斯頓球場時(shí)，應(yīng)該是他對(duì)打高爾夫的熱情重新燃起。故選B?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：見第6題詳析。A.warned警告；B.informed通知；C