Unit2UnderstandingeachotherGrammarandusage導(dǎo)學(xué)案OverviewofrelativeclausesTeachingaimsandgoals:1.identifyandcategorizerelativeclauses;2.workouttherulesofrelativeclauses;3.userelativeclausesappropriatelytofinishrelatedtasksandexercises;4.writeanarticleaboutChinesetaboosusingrelativeclauses.Teachingprocedures:Step1.LeadinListenandfillintheblanks聽(tīng)歌填詞PayattentiontotheunderlinedsentencesShe

is

the

one

_______

you

never

forget

She

is

the

heavensent

angel

you

met

Oh,

she

must

be

the

reason

_____

god

made

a

girlSheissoprettyallovertheworldTheunderlinedsentencesare___________________.(_______從句)Step2.RevisionWhatistheattribute?（什么是定語(yǔ)：注意斜線部分為定語(yǔ)）1.Lucy'sfatherisakindman．2.Mybrotherisateacher.3.Webelongtothethirdworld.4.Mothermadeabirthdaycakeforme．5.Themanunderthetreeismyteacher．6.Thefallingleavesarebeautiful.7.Ilikedthefoodcookedbymymother.8.Ihavehomeworktofinish．9.ThisisthebookthatIlike.哪些成分可以作定語(yǔ)？Findings1......飾、限定或說(shuō)明名詞或代詞的品質(zhì)與特征的_________,_______,_____________,_____,____,______,________,_____________或_____。漢語(yǔ)翻譯中常用“......的”來(lái)表示。Whatistherelativeclauses?(什么是定語(yǔ)從句?)Findings2:在復(fù)合句中，修飾名詞、代詞或整個(gè)句子的從句叫作_____從句。被定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞或句子叫__________，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫__________,包括___________和___________。關(guān)系詞有三大作用：連接主句和________，代替_________，在從句中充當(dāng)句子_______。定語(yǔ)從句分為兩種：_______定語(yǔ)從句和__________定語(yǔ)從句。Step3Workingouttherules(閱讀課本第20頁(yè)文章，找出其中含有定語(yǔ)從句的句子，區(qū)分限制性和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句).Findings3:Arestrictiverelativeclauseisusedtomodifyanoun,pronounornounphraseandgives(1)____________(necessary/additional)informationaboutit.Fortheclause,thereisnomabeforeit.Anonrestrictiverelativeclausegives(2)__________(necessary/additional)informationaboutanoun,pronounornounphraseinthesentence,orthemainclause.Wecannotuse(3)______(that/which)tointroduceit.Step4Relativepronouns(1)Idon'tknowwhoisthemanIsawthismorning.(2)YesterdayIreceivedalettercamefromAustralia.(3)Hehasafriend_________fatherisadoctor.(4)Theclassroom________doorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.Findings4:who指人，作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)(作賓語(yǔ)可/不可省略）whom指人，作賓語(yǔ)(作賓語(yǔ)可/不可省略，如介詞提前則可/不可省)③which指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)常可/不可省略。④that在定語(yǔ)從句中既可指人也可指物，既可作主語(yǔ)也可做賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)?？?不可省略。（指人時(shí)，相當(dāng)于who或whom；指物時(shí)，相當(dāng)于which。）⑤whose在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)，與后面的名詞為所屬關(guān)系。whose既可指人，也可指物。難點(diǎn)1：that&which1.Doyouhaveanything_____youdon’tunderstand?2.Theseareallthepictures_____Ihaveseen.3.Fearistheonlything_____holdsyouback.4.Thelastplace______wevisitedwastheGreatWall.6.Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooks__interestedhimgreatlyintheschool.7.Whoistheman_______isstandingbythegate?Findings5:關(guān)系代詞只用that的常見(jiàn)情況1.先行詞為指物的anything,something,nothing,everything等不定代詞時(shí)。2.先行詞被all,little,few,any,every,no等修飾時(shí)。3.先行詞被序數(shù)詞,最高級(jí),thevery,theonly,thelast,thenext等修飾時(shí)。4.先行詞包括人和物時(shí)。5.主句是以who或which開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句時(shí),只用that不用which。難點(diǎn)1：that&which5.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,______surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.7.Thedayon______hewasbornwasAug.20,1952.Findings6:關(guān)系代詞指物時(shí)只用which的情況1.在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中。2.指物，介詞后。難點(diǎn)2：as&whichFindings7:as和which之間的區(qū)別1.as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句位置靈活，可位于先行詞之前、之中和之后，而which引導(dǎo)的從句僅能位于先行詞之后。2.as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，先行詞一般為整個(gè)主句；而which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，先行詞既可以是整個(gè)主句，又可以是主句的名詞或代詞。3.as引導(dǎo)從句時(shí)常譯為“正如”，而which常譯為“這；那”。常用句型有：asweallknow，asisknowntoall,asyoucansee,asisexpected等。as...asas...as（和…一樣）,so...as,such...as（如此…以至于）,thesame...as（和…一樣）,asweallknow,asisknowntoall（眾所周知）,asisoftenthecase（…是常有的事）,asisreported（正如報(bào)道的那樣）等固定搭配中，定語(yǔ)從句只用as引導(dǎo)。難點(diǎn)3：介詞＋關(guān)系詞(which/whom)1.Isthisthehouse__________Shakespearewasborn?(inthehouse)2.Istillremembertheday__________IfirstgottoParis.(ontheday)3.Chinaisabeautifulcountry_________weareproud.(beproudof)4.Hegavemeanovel__________Iamnotveryfamiliar.(befamiliarwith)Findings8:確定介詞的方法：1.與先行詞的搭配2.與從句中動(dòng)詞的搭配難點(diǎn)4：a.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,mostof_______hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.b.Thefootballteamhas15members,theoldestof______is25yearsold.Findings9:“名詞/代詞/數(shù)詞/表示整體或部分概念的詞+介詞+關(guān)系代詞（which/whom）”結(jié)構(gòu)可引出定語(yǔ)從句。Step5Relativeadverbs難點(diǎn)1：關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的選用1.I’llneverforgettheday__________wemet.2.I’llneverforgettheday__________wespenttogether.3.Iwenttotheplace__________Iworkedtenyearsago.4.Iwenttotheplace__________Ivisitedtenyearsago.5.Thisisthereason__________hewaslate.6.Thisisthereason__________hegave.Findings10:關(guān)系代詞：在從句中做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)關(guān)系副詞：在從句中做狀語(yǔ)theway作先行詞1.Theway__________heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.2.Theway_________________heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.Findings10theway做先行詞時(shí),先看后面定語(yǔ)從句中是否缺少主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)缺少主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ):that/which/不填(缺賓語(yǔ)時(shí))主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)都不缺:that/inwhich/不填難點(diǎn)2：先行詞表示抽象地點(diǎn)1.We’rejusttryingtoreachapoint________bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.2.Peterputhimselfinasituation_______hehadtoleavethepany.3.Theconflicthaddevelopedintoastage_____thetwocountrieshadtositdownandhaveatalk.4.Salesdirectorisaposition_________municationabilityisjustasimportantassalesskills.Findings11:先行詞表示抽象地點(diǎn)(如place,room,house,area,point,situation,case,condition,position,stage,atmosphere,spot,scene…)，在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，用where相當(dāng)于“介詞+which”Step6ConclusionFindings12:如何確定定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞？①找先行詞②找出定語(yǔ)從句（從關(guān)系詞到第二個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前）③補(bǔ)殘缺（是否缺成分、先行詞是指人指物還是指整個(gè)句子）：從句缺主語(yǔ)，且先行詞是物填______________從句缺主語(yǔ)，且先行詞是人填______________從句缺賓語(yǔ)，且先行詞是物填______________從句缺賓語(yǔ)，且先行詞是人填______________從句缺定語(yǔ)填__________從句缺狀語(yǔ):先行詞是時(shí)間填_________,先行詞地點(diǎn)填__________,先行詞是原因填___________,先行詞是整個(gè)句子填______________.Step7高考真題20251.（2025年全國(guó)一卷）AnexhibitionattheJiushiArtMuseuminShanghaiisfeaturingartworkinspiredbyGo,orweiqiinChinese,______

originatedinChinamorethan4,000yearsago.2.（2025年全國(guó)二卷）IwasbornandraisedinCleveland,OhiointheUnitedStates.Yetnow,IliveinthecountrysideofZhejiang,ChinawithmyChinesehusbandandhisfamily,________

bambooandteabushes(灌木)growwildinthemountains,chickensarealwaysfreerange,andcentral

heatingdoesn’texist.高考真題20241.(2024·新高考I卷·語(yǔ)法填空)TheGlasshousestandsas

agreatachievementincontemporarydesign,tohousetheplantsofthesouthwesternpartofChinaattheendofapathretracing(追溯)thestepsalongtheSilkRoute________

broughttheplantsfromtheirnativehabitatinAsiatoetodefinemuchoftherichness

ofgardeninginEngland.2.(