Section_ⅤProject[原文呈現(xiàn)][讀文清障]TrafficAccidentsandRoadSafetyThenumberofroadaccidentsandthedeathsarisingfrom①thoseaccidents②hasincreasedoverthepastyear③.Thisnoticeisaimedat④increasingpeople'sknowledgeoftheproblem.Wemustallbeawareof⑤thepotentialcausesoftrafficaccidentsandacttopreventthem.Thisistrueof⑥everyoneasaccidentsaffectdriversofvehiclesaswellas⑦cyclists⑧andpedestrians⑨.Weallhavearesponsibilitytoeq\o(○,\s\up1(10))preventaccidents.Belowaresomeofthemajorcausesofroadaccidentsinconnectionwith?vehiclessuchascars,minibuses?andlorries,andwhatdriversshoulddotopreventthem?.①arise/?'raIz/vi.出現(xiàn)，產(chǎn)生arisefrom起因于，由……引起②現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)用作thedeaths的后置定語(yǔ)。③overthepastyear在過(guò)去的一年里，常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。④beaimedat目的是，目標(biāo)是⑤beawareof意識(shí)到，認(rèn)識(shí)到⑥betrueof符合，適用于⑦aswellas也，又⑧cyclist/'saIklIst/n.騎自行車的人⑨pedestrian/p?'destrI?n/n.行人，步行者adj.行人(使用)的⑩havearesponsibilitytodosth.有責(zé)任做某事?inconnectionwith與……有關(guān)?minibus/'mInIb?s/n.中巴，小型公共汽車?本句為完全倒裝句。交通事故與道路安全在過(guò)去的一年里，道路交通事故及由此造成的死亡人數(shù)均有所增長(zhǎng)。此通告旨在提高人們對(duì)這一問(wèn)題的認(rèn)識(shí)。我們都必須意識(shí)到造成交通事故的潛在原因，并采取措施防止事故發(fā)生。這對(duì)每個(gè)人都尤為重要，因?yàn)槭鹿什恢皇怯绊懙津T自行車的人和行人，而且還影響到機(jī)動(dòng)車駕駛員，我們大家都有責(zé)任預(yù)防事故的發(fā)生。以下是機(jī)動(dòng)車(如小汽車、小型巴士和貨車)引起道路交通事故的一些主要原因，以及為防止事故發(fā)生，司機(jī)們應(yīng)采取的措施。·Driversnotpayingattention—Thisisthemostmoncauseofaccidents.Whendriversdonotpayattentiontosurroundingtraffic,theyarenotreadywhenanotherdriverdoessomethingwrong?，liketurningwithoutsignallingorgivingwrongsignals?.·Driversgettingannoyed?inatrafficjam—Manydriversareaggressive?andpushinto?otherlanes?oftrafficorpassothercars.Thesearebothverydangerousbecausetheycanresultincrashes?.·Driversspeakingonmobilephones—Recentlythenumberofpeoplefinedeq\o(○,\s\up1(21))forspeakingontheirmobilephoneswhiledrivingeq\o(○,\s\up1(22))hasincreasedby30percent.Speakingonthephonerequiresapersontoconcentrateandtakesadriver'sattentionfromtheroad.?dosomethingwrong做錯(cuò)事?givewrongsignals發(fā)出錯(cuò)誤信號(hào)?getannoyed感到苦惱；失去耐心?aggressive/?'gresIv/adj.好斗的，挑釁的，富于攻擊性的?pushinto推進(jìn)，推動(dòng)?lane/leIn/n.車道；小路；小巷?crash/kr??/n.&vi.&vt.撞車；碰撞；倒閉；崩潰eq\o(○,\s\up1(21))fine/faIn/vt.處以罰金eq\o(○,\s\up1(22))過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)...edforspeaking...作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾people,people與fine之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。whiledriving補(bǔ)充完整為whiletheyaredriving。·司機(jī)注意力不集中——這是事故最常見(jiàn)的原因。當(dāng)司機(jī)不注意周圍的交通狀況，而另一個(gè)司機(jī)出了差錯(cuò)如未打信號(hào)燈就突然轉(zhuǎn)向、發(fā)出錯(cuò)誤信號(hào)等時(shí)他們?nèi)狈?zhǔn)備。司機(jī)在交通堵塞時(shí)沒(méi)有耐心——許多司機(jī)好逞強(qiáng)，他們搶道或超車。這兩種情況都非常危險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)樗鼈兒苋菀讓?dǎo)致撞車?！に緳C(jī)駕駛時(shí)用手機(jī)打電話——最近因駕駛時(shí)用手機(jī)打電話而被罰款的司機(jī)人數(shù)增長(zhǎng)了30%。使用手機(jī)通話需要集中注意力，這樣就分散了司機(jī)對(duì)路面情況的注意力?！rinkinganddriving—Ifyoudriveafteryouhaveconsumedalcoholicdrinksoraredrunkeq\o(○,\s\up1(23))，youareviolatingeq\o(○,\s\up1(24))thelawandriskingyourownlifeeq\o(○,\s\up1(25))aswellasthelivesofothers.Ifyouarewithsomeonewhohasbeendrinkingalcohol,evenifitisjustacoupleofbeerseq\o(○,\s\up1(26))，donotallowthemtodrive.·Driversspeeding—Speedkills.Thisisafactthatiseasilyignored,butdrivingtoofastthroughcitystreetsisverydangerous.Ourcitystreetsarealwayscrowdedwitheq\o(○,\s\up1(27))people,carsandbicycles.Drivershavetotaketheresponsibilitytoeq\o(○,\s\up1(28))watchoutforeq\o(○,\s\up1(29))peoplecrossingtheroad,especiallyseniorcitizenswhomaynotbeabletowalkveryfastandyoungchildrenwhomaynotlookbeforesteppingintoeq\o(○,\s\up1(30))theroadeq\o(○,\s\up1(31)).Driversshouldbecarefulnearschoolsinparticulareq\o(○,\s\up1(32))，becausetherearelikelytoeq\o(○,\s\up1(33))bemanychildren.Onthenextpagearesomeofthechiefcausesofroadaccidentsrelatedtoeq\o(○,\s\up1(34))cyclistsandpedestrians,andwhattheyshoulddotopreventaccidents.eq\o(○,\s\up1(23))drunk/dr??k/adj.喝醉的n．醉漢，酒鬼eq\o(○,\s\up1(24))violate/'vaI?leIt/vt.違犯，違反；侵犯violatethelaw違法eq\o(○,\s\up1(25))riskone'slife冒生命危險(xiǎn)riskdoingsth.冒險(xiǎn)做某事eq\o(○,\s\up1(26))beer/bI?(r)/n.啤酒；一杯(或一罐)啤酒eq\o(○,\s\up1(27))becrowdedwith擠滿eq\o(○,\s\up1(28))taketheresponsibilitytodosth.承擔(dān)責(zé)任做某事eq\o(○,\s\up1(29))watchoutfor戒備，提防，密切注意eq\o(○,\s\up1(30))stepinto走進(jìn)eq\o(○,\s\up1(31))第一個(gè)who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾citizens；第二個(gè)who也引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾children。eq\o(○,\s\up1(32))inparticular特別，尤其eq\o(○,\s\up1(33))belikelytodo可能做eq\o(○,\s\up1(34))(be)relatedto與……有關(guān)·酒后駕駛——如果你喝了酒或喝醉了以后開(kāi)車，那么你是在犯法并且危及自己和他人的生命。如果你和喝了酒的人在一起，即使他們只喝了幾杯啤酒，也不要允許他們開(kāi)車?！こ亳{駛——超速是致命的。這是一個(gè)容易被忽視的事實(shí)，但在城市街道上車速過(guò)快是非常危險(xiǎn)的。我們的城市街道總是擠滿了行人、小汽車和自行車。司機(jī)們有責(zé)任留意過(guò)馬路的人們，尤其是那些行動(dòng)緩慢的老人和過(guò)馬路時(shí)不注意觀察兩邊的兒童。司機(jī)們?cè)趯W(xué)校附近尤其要小心，因?yàn)槟抢锟赡苡性S多兒童。下頁(yè)講的是與騎自行車的人和行人相關(guān)的道路交通事故的一些主要原因，以及他們?yōu)榉乐故鹿蕬?yīng)采取的措施?！yclistsnotpayingattention—Manycyclistsfailtoeq\o(○,\s\up1(35))payattentiontothecarsthatsurroundthem,andoftenridetooclosetocarstoeq\o(○,\s\up1(36))allowthemspaceandtimetostop.Somecyclistsmaketheassumptionthateq\o(○,\s\up1(37))trafficlawsdonotapplytoeq\o(○,\s\up1(38))them,butthisisnottrue.Cyclistsshouldalwayssignalatturningseq\o(○,\s\up1(39))andstayonthecorrectsideoftheroad.·Ridingbicyclesonthepavement—Sometimesbicyclesareallowedonthepavement,butcyclingonthepavementcanbedangeroustopedestrians.Whenonthepavement,cyclistsshouldwalknexttotheirbicyclestoavoidcausingeq\o(○,\s\up1(40))anyaccidents.·Cyclistscarryingapassenger—Carryingmorethanalightloadeq\o(○,\s\up1(41))onyourbicyclemakesitmoredifficulttocontrol.Thislackofeq\o(○,\s\up1(42))controlisaninvitationeq\o(○,\s\up1(43))toaccidents.·Bicycleswithoutlights—Itisremendedtohavealightonyourbicycleatnighteq\o(○,\s\up1(44)).Checkyourlightregularlytomakesureitworks,asmanyaccidentsarecausedatnighteq\o(○,\s\up1(45))becauseabicyclecannotbeseen.eq\o(○,\s\up1(35))failtodosth.未能做某事eq\o(○,\s\up1(36))to...太……而不能……eq\o(○,\s\up1(37))maketheassumptionthat...做出……的假設(shè)eq\o(○,\s\up1(38))applyto適合，適用于eq\o(○,\s\up1(39))turning/'t??nI?/n.拐彎處，轉(zhuǎn)彎處atturnings在轉(zhuǎn)彎處eq\o(○,\s\up1(40))avoiddoingsth.避免做某事eq\o(○,\s\up1(41))load/l??d/n.負(fù)荷，負(fù)載；大量，許多vt.裝載，裝上，裝入eq\o(○,\s\up1(42))lackof缺少，缺乏eq\o(○,\s\up1(43))invitation此處意為“招致，誘發(fā)”。eq\o(○,\s\up1(44))Itisremendedtodo...“被建議做……”。it是形式主語(yǔ)，真正主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)。remend當(dāng)“建議”講時(shí)，其后從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用shoulddo,should可以省略。eq\o(○,\s\up1(45))asmanyaccidents...是as引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句。·騎自行車的人注意力不集中——許多騎自行車的人不注意周圍的汽車，而且經(jīng)常騎得太靠近汽車，以至于他們沒(méi)有足夠的空間和時(shí)間剎車。一些騎自行車的人認(rèn)為交通法規(guī)與他們無(wú)關(guān)，但這是錯(cuò)誤的。騎自行車的人每當(dāng)轉(zhuǎn)彎時(shí)都應(yīng)該示意，并且只能在規(guī)定的道路一側(cè)騎車?！ぴ谌诵械郎向T自行車——有時(shí)候自行車是允許在人行道上騎的，但在人行道上騎自行車對(duì)行人來(lái)說(shuō)是很危險(xiǎn)的。在人行道上時(shí)，騎自行車的人應(yīng)推著車子走，以免造成事故?！をT自行車帶人——用自行車載重物會(huì)使車子更難控制，而缺乏控制就會(huì)誘發(fā)事故?！ぷ孕熊嚐o(wú)燈——夜間騎自行車建議你在自行車上裝個(gè)燈。定期檢查燈是否完好，因?yàn)樵S多事故是由于夜間自行車未被看見(jiàn)而造成的?！icyclesinneedofeq\o(○,\s\up1(46))repair—Anothercauseofaccidentsisthatbicyclesarenotkeptingoodconditioneq\o(○,\s\up1(47)).Oftenbrakeseq\o(○,\s\up1(48))donotworkproperlyortyreseq\o(○,\s\up1(49))aresooldthatthebicyclecannotstopintimeeq\o(○,\s\up1(50)).·Pedestrianscrossingtheroadinthewrongway—Roadsafetyisimportantforpedestrianstoo.Theyshouldremembertobecautious,andlookbothwaysandlistenforcarsthattheymightnotbeabletoseeeq\o(○,\s\up1(51)).Pedestriansshouldalwayscrosstheroadonacrossingeq\o(○,\s\up1(52))，andshouldneverrunacrosseq\o(○,\s\up1(53))theroad.Parentsandteachershavearesponsibilitytoteachchildrenhowtocrosstheroadsafely.·Ignoringeq\o(○,\s\up1(54))trafficlights—Trafficlightsaretheretoguidetrafficinareasonablewayeq\o(○,\s\up1(55)).Pedestrians,cyclistsanddriversshouldallobeytrafficlights,stoppingwhenthelightisredandwaitingforittoturngreentogo.Itisuptoallofusroaduserstomakesurethatweavoidaccidentsbypayingattentiontoroadsafetyeq\o(○,\s\up1(56)).eq\o(○,\s\up1(46))inneedof需要eq\o(○,\s\up1(47))ingoodcondition狀況良好keep...ingoodcondition使……保持良好狀況eq\o(○,\s\up1(48))brake/breIk/n.剎車，車閘vt.用車閘減速，剎車eq\o(○,\s\up1(49))tyre/'taI?(r)/n.輪胎eq\o(○,\s\up1(50))intime及時(shí)ontime按時(shí)eq\o(○,\s\up1(51))thattheymightnotbeabletosee是that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾cars。eq\o(○,\s\up1(52))crossing/'kr?sI?/n.人行橫道；十字路口，交叉點(diǎn)；穿越eq\o(○,\s\up1(53))runacross跑著穿過(guò)；偶遇eq\o(○,\s\up1(54))ignorev．忽視，不理睬eq\o(○,\s\up1(55))inareasonableway以合情合理的方式eq\o(○,\s\up1(56))Itisuptosb.todosth.由某人負(fù)責(zé)做某事；thatweavoidaccidents...是that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，作makesure的賓語(yǔ)?！ぷ孕熊囆枰蘩怼鹿实牧硪粋€(gè)原因是自行車的車況不好。經(jīng)常發(fā)生剎車不靈或車胎老化以致不能及時(shí)剎車的情況。·行人亂穿馬路——道路安全對(duì)行人也很重要。行人應(yīng)記住要小心，向左右兩邊看，要注意聽(tīng)，以免有車而沒(méi)有注意到。行人應(yīng)總是在十字路口過(guò)馬路，永遠(yuǎn)都不要橫穿馬路。父母和老師有責(zé)任教孩子們?cè)鯓影踩^(guò)馬路?！ず鲆暯煌簟煌糁笓]交通有序進(jìn)行。行人、騎自行車的人和司機(jī)們都應(yīng)遵守交通信號(hào)燈，遇紅燈要停，等它變綠時(shí)才能走。,我們要注意道路安全，從而確保避免事故，這一切都取決于我們道路使用者。Step1Choosethebestanswersaccordingtothetext.1．Thepurposeofthistextismainlyto________.A．a(chǎn)nalyzethecausesoftrafficproblemsB．concludethesolutionstotrafficproblemsC．makepeopleawareoftrafficproblemsandgiveadviceonhowtosolvethemD．blamethetrafficproblemsonvehicledrivers2．WhichofthefollowingisNOTdrivers'faulttoleadtotrafficproblems?A．Speeding.B．Heavytraffic.C．Beingimpatientinatrafficjam.D．Notpayingattentiontosurroundingtraffic.3．Whatdoes“Thislackofcontrolisaninvitationtoaccidents.”mostprobablymean?A．Thislackofcontrolcanpreventtrafficproblems.B．Thislackofcontrolcanresultintrafficproblems.C．Thislackofcontrolprovessuccessfultopreventtrafficaccidents.D．Trafficaccidentshappeneverydaywithoutanycontrol.4．Howcanacyclistpreventatrafficaccident?A．Ridingtooclosetovehicles.B．Signallingwhenturningontothecorrectsideoftheroad.C．Ridingalongthepavement.D．Ridingwithoverloads.5．Whatshouldn'tapedestriandowhenhecrossestheroad?A．Lookingbothways.B．Listeningforcars.C．Runningacrosstheroad.D．Waitingforgreenlights.答案：1～5CBBBCStep2Fillineachblankwithonlyonewordaccordingtothetext.TitleTrafficAccidentsandRoadSafetyMainideaThenumberofroadaccidentsandthedeaths1.arisingfromthoseaccidentshasincreasedoverthepastyear.Driversofvehiclesaswellas2.cyclistsandpedestriansmustbeawareofthe3.potentialcausesoftrafficaccidentstopreventthem.Potentialcausesaboutdrivers·Driversnotpayingattention·Driversgetting4.annoyedinatrafficjam·Driversspeakingonmobilephones·5.Drinkinganddriving·Drivers6.speedingPotentialcausesaboutcyclistsandpedestrians·Cyclistsnotpayingattention·Ridingbicyclesonthe7.pavement·Cyclistscarryingapassenger·Bicycleswithoutlights·Bicyclesinneedof8.repair·Pedestrianscrossingtheroadinthewrongway·9.IgnoringtrafficlightsConclusionItisuptoallofusroaduserstomakesurethatwe10.avoidaccidentsbypayingattentiontoroadsafety.一、這樣記單詞記得準(zhǔn)·寫(xiě)得對(duì)記得快·記得多Ⅰ.基礎(chǔ)詞匯1.arisevi.出現(xiàn)，產(chǎn)生2.pedestriann.行人，步行者adj.行人(使用)的3.minibusn.中巴，小型公共汽車4.crashn．&v.撞車；碰撞；倒閉；崩潰5.finevt.處以罰金6.turningn.拐彎處，轉(zhuǎn)彎處7.braken.剎車，車閘vt.用車閘減速，剎車8.crossingn.人行橫道，十字路口；交叉點(diǎn)；穿越Ⅱ.拓展詞匯1.cyclistn.騎自行車的人→cyclevi.騎自行車2.drunkadj.喝醉的n.醉漢，酒鬼→drinkvt.喝，飲；喝酒3.violatevt.違犯，違反；侵犯→violationn．違反，違犯；侵犯4.loadn．負(fù)荷，負(fù)載；大量，許多vt.裝載，裝上→loadedadj.有負(fù)載的→unloadv.卸(貨)5.aggressiveadj.好斗的，挑釁的→aggressionn．挑釁，好斗1.arisevi.出現(xiàn)，產(chǎn)生[詞塊]①arisetoone'sfeet起立②arisefrom/outof起因于……[近義]appearv.出現(xiàn)[比較]①risevi.升起②raisevt.提高2.violatevt.違犯，違反；侵犯[詞塊]toviolateinternationallaw違反國(guó)際法[近義]breakv.違反[反義]obeyv.服從；遵守3.aggressiveadj.好斗的，挑釁的[詞塊]aggressivenations侵略成性的國(guó)家[近義]①attackingadj.攻擊的②ambitiousadj.有野心的4.loadn．負(fù)載；大量vt.裝載[詞塊]①likealoadoffone'smind如釋重負(fù)②loadashipwithcoal把煤裝上船[近義]burdenn.重負(fù)二、這樣記短語(yǔ)記牢固定短語(yǔ)多積常用詞塊1.arisefrom起因于，由……引起2.beawareof意識(shí)到，認(rèn)識(shí)到3.betrueof符合，對(duì)……適用4.inconnectionwith和……有關(guān)5.resultin導(dǎo)致6.watchoutfor密切注意，戒備，提防7.inparticular尤其，特別8.beaimedat旨在，目的是9.ingoodcondition狀況良好10.listenfor留心聽(tīng)1.thepotentialcausesof...……潛在原因2.havearesponsibilitytopreventaccident有責(zé)任去預(yù)防事故的發(fā)生3.violatethelaw觸犯法律4.trafficlaws交通法規(guī)5.signalatturnings在拐彎處發(fā)信號(hào)6.avoidcausinganyaccidents避免造成事故7.overthepastyear在過(guò)去的一年里8.themajorcausesof...……主要原因9.getannoyed感到苦惱10.trafficjams交通阻塞三、這樣記句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.Thisistrueofeveryoneasaccidentsaffectdriversofvehiclesaswellascyclistsandpedestrians.這對(duì)每個(gè)人都尤為重要，因?yàn)槭鹿什恢皇怯绊懙津T自行車的人和行人，而且還影響到機(jī)動(dòng)車駕駛員。aswellas“除……之外；也；還”，用于連接并列成分。Headvisedmeas_well_asansweredmyquestions.他不但回答了我的問(wèn)題，還給我提出了建議。2.Manycyclistsfailtopayattentiontothecarsthatsurroundthem,andoftenridetooclosetocarstoallowthemspaceandtimetostop.許多騎自行車的人不注意周圍的汽車，而且經(jīng)常騎得太靠近汽車，以至于他們沒(méi)有足夠的空間和時(shí)間剎車。too...to...“太……而不能……”，用來(lái)表示結(jié)果。Thesentenceistoo_difficultformeto_translate.這個(gè)句子太難，我不會(huì)翻譯。3.Itisuptoallofusroaduserstomakesurethatweavoidaccidentsbypayingattentiontoroadsafety.我們要注意道路安全，從而確保避免事故，這一切都取決于我們道路使用者。It'suptosb.todosth.“做某事是某人的義務(wù)，由某人決定做某事”。It's_up_to_all_of_us_to_solvetheproblemsinourneighbourhood.解決我們小區(qū)的問(wèn)題是我們所有人的責(zé)任。1．(教材P62)Thenumberofroadaccidentsandthedeathsarisingfromthoseaccidentshasincreasedoverthepastyear.在過(guò)去的一年里，道路交通事故及由此造成的死亡人數(shù)均有所增長(zhǎng)。arisevi.出現(xiàn)，產(chǎn)生arisefrom/outof 起因于，由……引起①Theproblemmaynotarise,butthere'snoharminkeepingyourpowderdry.問(wèn)題不一定會(huì)發(fā)生，但有備無(wú)患并無(wú)害處。②Inmyopinion,yoursleeplessnessislikelytoarisefrom/out_ofthepressureofyourwork.依我看，你失眠很可能是工作壓力造成的。[名師點(diǎn)津]arise的主語(yǔ)多為argument,problem,question,quarrel,movement等抽象名詞。[辨析比較]arise,rise,raisearise不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“產(chǎn)生，發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)”。通常以抽象名詞作主語(yǔ)，一般表示事物和問(wèn)題的產(chǎn)生和出現(xiàn)rise不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“上升；增加；上漲”。常用于日、月、云、霧、物價(jià)、河水等的上升、提高raise及物動(dòng)詞，意為“舉起；提高；飼養(yǎng)；募集”等。用于“提升”之意時(shí)，重在表達(dá)使物體達(dá)到應(yīng)有高度之意，既用于具體物體，也用于抽象物體選擇上述單詞填空③Thepany'slossesthisyeararisealmostentirelyfromthepoormanagement.④Wewerewatchingthechildrenraisingthenationalflag,andwesawitrisingslowlyinthewind.2．(教材P62)Thisistrueofeveryoneasaccidentsaffectdriversofvehiclesaswellascyclistsandpedestrians.這對(duì)每個(gè)人都尤為重要，因?yàn)槭鹿什恢皇怯绊懙津T自行車的人和行人，而且還影響到機(jī)動(dòng)車駕駛員。betrueof符合，對(duì)……適用①Forgivingother'sfaultsactuallybringshappinesstome.Itistrueofallofus.原諒別人的過(guò)錯(cuò)確實(shí)給我?guī)?lái)快樂(lè)。這也適用于我們大家。②Babiesneedalotofsleepandthisisparticularlytrueofnewborns.嬰兒需要大量的睡眠，新生兒尤其如此。3．(教材P62)Belowaresomeofthemajorcausesofroadaccidentsinconnectionwithvehiclessuchascars,minibusesandlorries,andwhatdriversshoulddotopreventthem.以下是機(jī)動(dòng)車(如小汽車、小型巴士和貨車)引起道路交通事故的一些主要原因，以及為防止事故發(fā)生司機(jī)們應(yīng)采取的措施。inconnectionwith和……有關(guān)①Amanhasbeenarrestedinconnectionwiththemurderoftheteenager.一名男子因與謀殺少年案有關(guān)而被捕。②Amanisbeingquestionedbythepolicein_connection_withtheattack.一名與本次襲擊有關(guān)的男子正受到警方的盤問(wèn)。eq\x(have(no)connectionwith和……有/無(wú)關(guān)聯(lián)、關(guān)系)③Thepanyhas_connection_withanumberofAfricanfirms.這家公司與很多非洲的公司有業(yè)務(wù)往來(lái)。④Ihavenoimmediateconnectionwiththevisitor.我和這個(gè)來(lái)訪者沒(méi)有直接關(guān)系。[名師點(diǎn)津]表示“與……有關(guān)(聯(lián))系”的短語(yǔ)還有：①beconnectedwith ②belinkedto③berelatedto ④beassociatedwith4．(教材P62)Thesearebothverydangerousbecausetheycanresultincrashes.這兩種情況都非常危險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)樗鼈兒苋菀讓?dǎo)致撞車。crashv．碰撞；(飛機(jī)等)失事；發(fā)出撞擊聲或響聲；失敗，倒閉n．[C]撞車；墜毀；猛撞；倒閉；(計(jì)算機(jī)或程序的)崩潰crashintosth. 碰撞/撞上某物acar/planecrash 汽車撞車事故/飛機(jī)失事①Thepanycrashedwithdebtsof￡50million.那家公司由于負(fù)債5000萬(wàn)英鎊而宣告破產(chǎn)。②Itwassoluckythatmostofthepassengerssurvivedthe_plane_crash.大部分乘客從撞機(jī)事件中生還，真是幸運(yùn)極了。[語(yǔ)境串記](méi)Heexperiencedaseriouscrashtoday—hiscarcrashedintoanotherandletoutaloudcrashofbreakingglass.他今天經(jīng)歷了一起嚴(yán)重的撞車事故——他的車撞上了另一輛車，發(fā)出了很大的玻璃撞碎的聲音。5．(教材P63)Carryingmorethanalightloadonyourbicyclemakesitmoredifficulttocontrol.用自行車載重物會(huì)使車子更難控制。loadn．負(fù)荷，負(fù)載，大量；許多vt.裝載，裝上，裝入takealoadoffone'smind 除去某人(責(zé)任或憂慮)的沉重感l(wèi)oadsof/lotsof/aloadof 很多l(xiāng)oad...with... 用……裝載……loadsth.into/onto 把某物裝入/上……①Thelorryhadtostopbecauseitsloadhadfallenoff.貨車只好停下，因?yàn)樗b載的東西掉下來(lái)了。②Theyareloadingthetruckwithfreshfruits.＝Theyareloadingfreshfruitsonto/intothetruck.他們正在往卡車上裝新鮮水果。③Thereareloads_of/a_load_of/lots_ofgreatplacestoseeinAustralia.澳大利亞有很多特別棒的地方值得一看。1．Thisistrueofeveryoneasaccidentsaffectdriversofvehiclesaswellascyclistsandpedestrians.這對(duì)每個(gè)人都尤為重要，因?yàn)槭鹿什恢皇怯绊懙津T自行車的人和行人，而且還影響到機(jī)動(dòng)車駕駛員。(1)句中aswellas意為“(除……外)也，和”，用以連接并列成分。①Wearerepairingtheroofaswellaspaintingthewalls.我們?cè)诜鬯Ρ谕瑫r(shí)也在修理屋頂。②He'sgotacaras_well_asamotorbike.他不但有一輛摩托車，而且還有一輛小汽車。(2)aswellas的意思相當(dāng)于notonly...butalso...,但用法相反。前者強(qiáng)調(diào)其前面的句子成分，因此連接并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與前面的主語(yǔ)保持一致，即所謂“前重于后”；后者強(qiáng)調(diào)其后面的句子成分，因此連接并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與后面的主語(yǔ)保持一致，即所謂的“后重于前”。③HeaswellasIis(be)willingtohelpyou.他和我都樂(lè)于幫助你。④NotonlyhebutalsoIam(be)willingtohelpyou.不但他而且我也樂(lè)于幫助你。[名師點(diǎn)津]與aswellas用法類似，在連接并列成分作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)的人稱和數(shù)應(yīng)與其前面的主語(yǔ)保持一致的詞語(yǔ)還有：with,togetherwith,alongwith等。2．Itisuptoallofusroaduserstomakesurethatweavoidaccidentsbypayingattentiontoroadsafety.我們要注意道路安全，從而確保避免事故，這一切都取決于我們道路使用者。It'suptosb.todosth.表示“做某事是某人的義務(wù)，由某人決定做某事”。①It'snotuptoyoutotellmehowtodomyjob.還輪不到你來(lái)告訴我怎么做我的工作。②It'suptothetravelpanyto_warn(warn)thecustomersofanypossibledangers.旅游公司有義務(wù)預(yù)先告知顧客任何可能的危險(xiǎn)。It'suptosb. 由某人決定③—Whenshallwegotothehospitaltoseeourteacher?—It_is_up_to_you.Iamfreeatanytime.——我們什么時(shí)候去醫(yī)院看望老師？——由你決定。我什么時(shí)候都有空。Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．AMalaysiaAirlinespassengerjetwasreportedto_have_crashed(crash)inUkraine60kmfromtheborderwithRussiawith298peopleaboard.2．Asimilarsituationappearstobetrueofotherplanetarysystemsaswell.3．Heregardedtheburglaryasaviolation(violate)ofhishome.4．TheDepartmentofAgriculturehasprogramsaimed(aim)atincreasinginterestinlocallygrownfood.5．Iamwritingtoyouinconnectionwithyourrecentjobapplication.6．Hepublishesaswellasprints(print)hisownbooks.7．Arethereanyproblemsloadingthegoodsontotheboat?8．Hewasfinedforspeeding.9．Theyaretalkingabouttheproblemsarising(arise)asaresultofchangeoveranewtypeoffuel.10．Whodoyouthinkitisuptoto_clean(clean)thewindowstoday?Ⅱ.完成句子1．他們的車撞到貨車后三個(gè)人死亡。Threepeoplewerekilledwhentheircarcrashed_into_a_lorry.2．他違反人權(quán)，應(yīng)該受到懲罰。Heshouldbepunishedforviolating_human_rights.3．警方在全城張貼了他們正在搜尋的那個(gè)男人的照片，那個(gè)男子與一起在銀行外發(fā)生的謀殺案有關(guān)。Thepolicehaveputuppostersaroundthecitywithphotosofthemantheyareseekingin_connection_with_a_murderoutsideabank.4．自從曼迪走后，我的工作量加倍了。My_work_load_has_doubledsinceMandyleft.5．該機(jī)構(gòu)鼓勵(lì)成員經(jīng)常聚會(huì)，還給他們提供經(jīng)濟(jì)上的幫助。Theorganizationencouragesmemberstomeetonaregularbasis,as_well_as_providing_themwithfinancialsupport.6．由你們決定是否周末去公園。It's_up_to_you_to_decidewhetherwe'llgototheparkthisweekend.7．通告的目的是增加人們對(duì)事故的了解。Thisnoticeis_aimed_at_increasing_people's_awarenessoftheaccidents.8．現(xiàn)在因缺乏交流而引發(fā)的家庭問(wèn)題越來(lái)越多。Therearemoreandmorefamilyproblemsarising_from_the_lack_of_munication.一、全練語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)，基穩(wěn)才能樓高[本課語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)針對(duì)練習(xí)]Ⅰ.單詞拼寫(xiě)1．Somechildrenaremuchmoreaggressive(好斗的)thanothers.2．Herillnessarose(引起)fromlackofrest.3．Therewerealotofdrunk(喝醉的)driversontheroadsonSaturdaynights.4．Theyareloading(裝載)thetruckwithpeaches.5．Hebraked(剎車)hiscarjustintimeandavoidedanaccident.6．Sheannouncedthatshewouldneverdoanythingviolating(違反)therules.7．Onlyafewwerecontenttopaythefines(罰金)．8．Thetableshooksuddenly,andalltheglassescamecrashing(發(fā)出撞擊聲)ontothefloor.9．Ifmoredriversbecamewalkersorcyclists(騎自行車的人),theenvironmentwouldbemorefriendlytopeople.10．Ithinkwemusthavetakenawrongturning(拐彎處)somewhere.Ⅱ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Alotofpassengerswerekilledinthetraincrash.2．Idon'tthinkpeoplearereallyawareofhowmuchitcosts.3．Ididn'tfollowmyteacher'sadvice,whichresultedinmyfailure.4．Turnrightatthesecondcrossing(cross)andyouwillfindthepostoffice.5．Theyoungmanalwaysescapesbeing_fined(fine)ashehasgotaveryfastsportscar.6．Newdifficultieswillarisefromsuchsituations.7．—WhoseadvicedoyouthinkIshouldtake?—It'suptoyou.8.Thefatheraswellashisthreechildrengoes(go)skatingonthefrozenrivereverySundayafternooninwinter.9．ThepriceofthehouseisreasonableandIloveitsgardeninparticular.Wecangrowflowersandvegetablesthere.10．Hesoonmadeitclearwhyhehadaskedforaconference.Ⅲ.串點(diǎn)成篇微表達(dá)一輛滿載(load)煤炭的卡車沖出(crash)道路，司機(jī)和(aswellas)副司機(jī)嚴(yán)重受傷。問(wèn)題出現(xiàn)(arise)了。是機(jī)器出了毛病，還是司機(jī)違反(violate)了交通規(guī)則？我想應(yīng)該由交警決定(upto)吧。A_truck_with_a_load_of_coal_crashed_out_of_the_road,_and_the_driver_as_well_as_his_assistant_driver_was_badly_injured._Problems_arose._Did_the_machine_break_down_or_the_driver_violate_the_traffic_rules?_I_think_it's_up_to_traffic_police_to_decide.[本單元語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)溫故練習(xí)]Ⅰ.單句改錯(cuò)1．Theschooltriphasbeeanannuallyevent.annually→annual2．Whynottowritetoher?Sheneedsyouradvice.去掉write前的to3．Onthechairssittingthreegraduates,whocamehereforthisjobinterview.sitting→sat4．Myson'spassingtheexamhastakenaloadfrommymind.from→off5．Themessageconveyinghereisclear：“Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.”conveying→conveyed6．Thesechangesarosedifferencesinclimateandnature.arose后加from7．Heisstillingoodconditions,eventhoughheisalreadyeightyyearsold.conditions→condition8．Thatisuptoyoutodecidewhoisuptothejob.That→It9．Hisbreakingtherulesresultedfromhisbeingfined.from→in10．Ifyougooutwithoutaraincoat,youwillriskgetwet,becauseitmayrain.get→gettingⅡ.完成句子1．偉大的發(fā)明源于日常生活中的靈感。Greatinventionsarise_from_the_inspirationofdailylife.2．下面是一些涉及騎單車的人和行人造成事故的主要原因。Belowaresomeofthechiefcausesofroadaccidentsinvolving_cyclists_and_pedestrians.3．上個(gè)月該公司因違反安全規(guī)定而被罰款2000美元。The_pany_was_fined$2,000forbreakingsafetyregulationslastmonth.4．我們是否去逛街完全取決于你。It's_all_up_to_youwhetherwewillgoshopping.5．我想預(yù)訂7月5日飛往倫敦的機(jī)票。I'dliketo_make_a_reservationoftheticketflyingtoLondonforJuly5.6．那輛汽車開(kāi)到鄉(xiāng)下時(shí)便加快了速度。Thecarspeeded_upwhenitreachedthevillage.7．除了英語(yǔ)外，他還必須學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)。As_well_as_English,_hehastolearnmaths.8．裝這卡車煤需要多少時(shí)間？Howlongwillittaketoload_the_coal_onto_the_truck?9．我希望借此機(jī)會(huì)向你媽媽致以我最美好的祝愿。Iwishtotakethisopportunitytoaskyoutoconvey_my_best_regards_to_your_mother.10．迄今為止，這個(gè)古老的農(nóng)場(chǎng)已被劃分為一塊塊的宅地了。Sofar,theoldfarmhas_been_split_up_intohouselots.二、勤練高考題型，多練自能生巧Ⅰ.閱讀理解Therearesomestrangedrivinglawsindifferentcountries.CountriesLawsVietnamIfyou'redrivinginVietnamwithoutaVietnamesedriver'slicense,youriskaprisonsentenceofuptothreeyears.RussiaInMoscow,ifyourcarisdirtyenoughtodrawdustart,youwillbefinedabout2,000rubles(aboutUS$55).Worseyet,it'sillegaltowashyourcarbyhandinpublicplaces—forcingyoutotakeittooneofthefewcarwashfacilities.ThailandDrivers—malesorfemales—can'tdriveshirtless,whetherit'sacar,abus,oratuk-tuk.FranceFrancerequiresitsdriverstocarryaportablebreathalyzer(酒精測(cè)量?jī)x)allthetimewhendrivingacar.Theone-timebreathalyzercostsaroundUS$5,andifyoudon'thaveone,youwillbefinedUS$15.CyprusRaisingyourhandsinthecarcangetyoufinedofUS$35.Thelawstatesadrivercanbefinedifthepersonisinanir