understandhowtousesimiletocomparetwodifferentthings;Bytheendofthislesson,studentswillbeableto:learnaboutthethreemainecosystemsonearth;learnabouttheeffectofhumanactivitiesontheecosystems.??????????Unit7

ThenaturalworldP2Readingforestdesertgrasslandtundra(凍原)oceanwetlandWhattypesofecosystemsdoyouknow?Whatkindsofthingsdoyouthinkareinanecosystem?plantsanimalswaterairsoil...forestoceanwetlandWhatdoyouknowaboutoceans,wetlandsandforests?Readthetitleofanarticleandthinkwhytheyarebigthree?size?Nowlet’sreadthearticleaboutthethreeecosystems.importance?...Howdoesthewriterorganisethearticle?Task1titleIntroductiontoecosystemMainbody:ThebigthreeecosystemsConclusionThewriterusespicturestomakethearticlemoreinterestingandvivid.EcosystemDefinitionAnecosystemincludes____________________________inanarea.Sizehave________sizes,fromsmallpondstolargegrasslandsRolekeepthe_________betweenallits__________andthegreater_____________.ReadPara.1carefullyandcompletethetablebelow.Task2allthelivingandnon-livingthingsdifferentbalancemembersenvironmentReadParas.2-4.Lookatthepictureandchoosethecorrectdescriptionsforeachecosystemaccordingtothearticle.Writethecorrectlettersintheboxes.Task3aCoverabout71%oftheearth'ssurfacebCovernearlyathirdoftheearth’slandareacHelpcleanthewaterdHelpmaketheaircleaneHelppreventfloodsfProduceabout70%oftheearth'soxygengThe“heart”oftheearthhThe“l(fā)ungs”oftheearthiThe“kidneys”oftheearthP96Aoceansa,f,gwetlandsc,e,ib,d,hsizefunctionforestsrole

cleanwaterandstorewaterdealwithwasteandcontrolbodyfluids(液體)Watercyclebloodcirculation(循環(huán))takein,produce,trapbreathe

Similescreatesimilaritybetweentwodifferentthingsbyusingwordssuchaslikeandastohelpthereaderbetterunderstandthecontent.Whatfigureofspeech(修辭)doesthewriteruse?Readthearticleagain.Choosethecorrectanswerstothequestions.Task41Whatisanecosystemmadeupof?aOceans,wetlandsandforests. bPlantsandanimals.cLivingandnon-livingthings.2Whyistheoceanthelargestecosystemofthethree?aItholdsplentyoftheearth’swater.bItmakesupabout71%oftheearth’ssurface.cItishometomanykindsofplantsandanimals.3Whatdowetlandsdoduringheavyrains?aTheymakethewaterclean. bTheyholdwater.cTheygetridofwater.4“Theyalsotrapharmfulthingsintheirleavesandhelpcleantheair.”Whichwordcanweusetoreplacetheword“trap”?akeep bdrive cproduce5Wherecanwereadthiskindofarticle?aInanewspaper. bInatravelguide. cInageographymagazine.Tips:細(xì)節(jié)理解題明確問題的關(guān)鍵信息，定位相關(guān)句子，逐一對比選項(xiàng)，排除與文章內(nèi)容不符的選項(xiàng)。詞義猜測題先找單詞前后的“信號詞”（如and/but/also、解釋說明詞）猜義，或結(jié)合上下文邏輯推義，還可借詞根詞綴輔助判斷。文章出處題先快速讀文章，找出主要講什么（如自然知識(shí)、景點(diǎn)介紹、新聞事件、規(guī)則說明），再結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，鎖定匹配的答案。P96B1Whatisanecosystemmadeupof?aOceans,wetlandsandforests. bPlantsandanimals.cLivingandnon-livingthings.2Whyistheoceanthelargestecosystemofthethree?aItholdsplentyoftheearth’swater.bItmakesupabout71%oftheearth’ssurface.cItishometomanykindsofplantsandanimals.3Whatdowetlandsdoduringheavyrains?aTheymakethewaterclean. bTheyholdwater.cTheygetridofwater.4“Theyalsotrapharmfulthingsintheirleavesandhelpcleantheair.”Whichwordcanweusetoreplacetheword“trap”?akeep bdrive cproducea.keep：有“留存；使保持”含義，代入句中“keepharmfulthingsinleaves（把有害物質(zhì)留在葉子里

）”，符合凈化空氣（先留住有害物質(zhì)）的邏輯。b.drive：是“驅(qū)趕；驅(qū)使”，和“cleantheair（凈化空氣

）”邏輯矛盾，若驅(qū)趕有害物質(zhì)，就不用“helpclean”了。c.produce：是“產(chǎn)生；制造”，葉子不會(huì)“制造”有害物質(zhì)來凈化空氣，邏輯不對。所以選

a

。5Wherecanwereadthiskindofarticle?aInanewspaper. bInatravelguide. cInageographymagazine.解題思路：文章講生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，屬于地理知識(shí)

。a.Inanewspaper：報(bào)紙內(nèi)容雜，但這類純生態(tài)知識(shí)的科普文，不是報(bào)紙主打（報(bào)紙多新聞、時(shí)事）。b.Inatravelguide：旅游指南側(cè)重景點(diǎn)、路線、食宿，和生態(tài)知識(shí)無關(guān)。c.Inageographymagazine：地理雜志會(huì)講地球生態(tài)、自然環(huán)境，匹配文章內(nèi)容。所以選

c

。Readthetitleagain.Answerthequestion.Task5size?cover71%oftheearth’ssurfacecover6%oftheearth’slandareacoverathirdoftheearth’slandareasmallTheyarethe“bigthree”ecosystemsbecauseoceans,wetlandsandforestseachplayimportantroles.

Whydoesthewritercallthethreeecosystems“thebigthree”?Whyarethethreeecosystemsimportantfortheearth?Oceanssupplymuchoxygenandtakepartinthewatercycle.Wetlandspurifywaterandpreventfloods.Forestsabsorbcarbondioxide,produceoxygenandcleantheair.Theyallsupportmanyplantsandanimalsandkeeptheplanethealthy.P96D1Whataresomeofthenon-livingthingsinanecosystem?Aretheyimportant?Givereasons.P96D2Thinkaboutthequestionbelow.Shareyouranswerswithyourclassmates.Task6Commonnon-livingthingsincludewater,air,soil,sunlight,androcks.Non-livingthingsinanecosystemareveryimportant.Forexample,alllivingthingsneedwatertosurvive.Thesenon-livingthingshelplivingthingssurviveandkeeptheecosystemworkingwell.Payattentiontothefollowingexpressions.non-否定前綴,意為“不、非、沒有”Task7所有生物和非生物有作用；發(fā)揮作用保持……和……之間的平衡

產(chǎn)生氧氣

大量的上升到空中繼續(xù)下去；持續(xù)不斷是……的所在地/棲息地清除；擺脫防洪形成，構(gòu)成三分之一的吸收凈化空氣使……保持健康________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1.所有生物和非生物2.有作用；發(fā)揮作用3.保持……和……之間的平衡

4.產(chǎn)生氧氣

5.大量的6.上升到空中7.繼續(xù)下去；持續(xù)不斷allthelivingandnon-livingthingsplentyofTranslatethefollowingexpressionsintoEnglish.risetotheskygoonandonproduceoxygenhavearoletoplaykeepthebalancebetween...and...________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8.是……的所在地/棲息地9.清除；擺脫10.防洪11.形成，構(gòu)成12.三分之一的13.吸收14.凈化空氣15.使……保持健康

preventfloodsmakeuptakeincleantheairkeep...healthybehometogetridofathirdofThebiggestecosystemHellolisteners!WelcometoSciencewithDoctorTed.TodayI'lltalktoyouaboutthebiggestecosystemonourplanet.Doyouknowwhatitis?Yes,it'stheocean.Itcoversthelargestareaoftheearth's(1)_________andholds97%oftheearth'swater.It(2)__________manyanimalsandplants.Simonislisteningtoapodcastabouttheoceanecosystem.Completethescriptwiththecorrectformsofthewordsandphrasesintheboxbelow.surfacebalancebehometosurfaceoxygengetridoftakeinstoreroleP97CishometoDoyouknowthatsomeoftheplantsintheoceanproduce(3)_________fortheanimalslivingthere?What'smore,theoceancan(4)________25%-30%ofcarbondioxideand(5)__________heat.Itplaysanimportant(6)______inslowingdownclimatechange.Sadly,we'refacingaseriousproblem:oceanpollution.Therearemillionsoftonsofplasticintheocean,andit'sverydifficultto(7)______________it.It'stimeforustotakeactionandprotecttheocean.Ifwedon't,theplasticwillharmthe(8)___________oftheoceanecosystem.storeoxygenbalancebehometosurfaceoxygengetridoftakeinstoreroletakeinrolegetridofbalanceHowdohumanactivitiesaffecttheecosystems?Giveanexample.P97D3Peoplethrowplasticintotheocean.Animalseatplasticbagsbymistake.Thisbreaksthebalanceoftheoceanecosystem.Theygetsickanddie.Biggerfisheslosetheirfoodandtheirnumbershasdecreased.【拓展】including

prep.Manystudentsjoinedtheclub,includingTomandLucy.①OurschoolsubjectsincludeEnglish,mathandbiology.②Yourdutiesincludecleaningandansweringthetelephone.你的職責(zé)包括打掃衛(wèi)生和接電話。1.

Anecosystemincludesallthelivingandnon-livingthingsinanarea.生態(tài)系統(tǒng)包括某一區(qū)域內(nèi)的所有生物和非生物。includev.我們的學(xué)校課程包括英語、數(shù)學(xué)和生物。意為“包括”，其后接名詞/代詞或V-ing很多學(xué)生加入了俱樂部，包括湯姆和露西。意為“包括”，后接名詞、代詞或V-ing1.Thelibraryhasmanybooks,___________storybooksandsciencebooks.2.Myhobbies__________readingandplayingbasketball.including根據(jù)句意，用include的適當(dāng)形式填空。include2.Eachecosystemhasaroletoplayandhelpskeepthebalancebetweenallitsmembersandthegreaterenvironment.每一個(gè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)都有其特定的作用，能夠幫助維持其內(nèi)部所有成員與外部環(huán)境之間的平衡。havearoletoplay(insth/doingsth)(在……方面）發(fā)揮作用，有責(zé)任（與playarolein(sth/doingsth)

含義相近）①Everyonehasaroletoplayinprotectingtheoceanecosystem.②

Plantshaveakeyroletoplayinthebalanceofnature.每個(gè)人在保護(hù)海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中都能發(fā)揮作用。植物在自然界的平衡中發(fā)揮著關(guān)鍵作用。3.Itholdsplentyofsaltwater,andthewaterrisestothesky,fallsontothelandsandthenreturnstotheocean.它（海洋）容納大量海水，水分升上天空，落到陸地上，然后流回海洋。holdv.①Thisbigboxcanhold50books.②Mynewschoolbagisstrongenoughtoholdallmytextbooksandnotebooks.這個(gè)大箱子能裝下50本書。容納我的新書包足夠結(jié)實(shí)，能裝下我所有的課本和筆記本。holdv.①Shewasholdingalargebox.②Hewasholdingthebabyinhisarms.她提著一只大箱子。拿著；抓住；抱住他抱著嬰兒。holdv.召開；舉行Themeetingwillbeheldinthecommunitycentre.會(huì)議將在社區(qū)活動(dòng)中心舉行。1.Thisbigclassroomcanholdover50studentsforlessons.2.Pleaseholdyourtextbookinyourhand-we’llreadtogethersoon.3.Ourschoolwillholdasportsmeetingnextmonth.英譯漢。這間大教室能容納50多名學(xué)生上課。請把課本拿在手里，我們馬上一起朗讀。我們學(xué)校下個(gè)月會(huì)舉行運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。

4.Thisgoesonandon,sotheoceanisjustlikethe"heart"oftheearth.這樣循環(huán)往復(fù)，所以海洋就像是地球的“心臟”一般。goonandon

①Therainwentonandonallnight,sowecouldn’tgooutthismorning.②Thenoisefromthestreetwentonandonlastnight-Icouldn’tsleepwell.雨下了一整晚沒完沒了，所以我們今早沒法出門。繼續(xù)下去；持續(xù)不斷昨晚街上的噪音一直持續(xù)不斷，我沒睡好。5.Plantsinwetlandshelpgetridofpollutionandmakethewaterclean.濕地中的植物有助于清除污染，并使水質(zhì)變得清澈。getridof①Thestudentsworkedtogethertogetridofthetrasharoundtheschoolgarden.②Shetriedhardtogetridofthebadhabitofbitinghernails.學(xué)生們一起清理掉了學(xué)?；▓@周圍的垃圾。清除；擺脫她努力想要擺脫咬指甲的壞習(xí)慣。6.Wetlandscanalsohelppreventfloods.濕地還能起到防洪的作用。preventv.①Weshoulduseclothbagstopreventplasticpollution.②Thesignnearthelakepreventspeoplefromthrowingtrashintothewater.我們應(yīng)該用布袋來防止塑料污染。防止，阻止湖邊的牌子禁止人們往水里扔垃圾。preventsb.(from)doingsth

阻止某人做某事Theheavyraindidn’t______us_________goingtotheforesttowatchthebirdslastSunday.A.stop;toB.prevent;fromC.keep;ofD.protect;with單項(xiàng)選擇。7.Forestsmakeupnearlyathirdoftheearth'slandarea.森林占地球陸地面積的近三分之一。makeup

①Girlsmakeup40percentofthewholeclass.②Lifeismadeupofhappinessandsadness.女生占整個(gè)班級的40%。形成；構(gòu)成生活由快樂和悲傷共同組成的。bemadeupof...

由……構(gòu)成A.Theteacheraskedthechildrentomakeupastory.一詞多義Matchthesentenceswiththepicturesandthenguessthemeaningof“makeup”ineachsentence.B.Theactorsstartedtomakeupfortheschoolplay.C.Thedictionarycost10dollarsandTedonlyhad8dollars,sohisfathermadeupthedifference(差額).創(chuàng)造；編造化妝；打扮補(bǔ)足；湊足1.Thelittleboystillneeds5yuantomakeupthenumber.

2.Thedirectormadethebeautifulgirlupasanoldwomanfortheplay.3.Thestudentsmadeupawonderfulstoryinclass.

英譯漢。小男孩仍需要5元才能湊足這個(gè)數(shù)。在這部劇中，導(dǎo)演把這個(gè)漂亮女孩化妝成一位老婦人。學(xué)生們在課堂上編了一個(gè)精彩的故事。8.Plantstheretakeincarbondioxidefromtheairandproduceoxygen.森林里的植物從空氣中吸收二氧化碳并產(chǎn)生氧氣。takein

①Wetakeinfreshairwhenwewalkintheparkeverymorning.②Humanstakeinoxygenandbreatheoutcarbondioxide.每天早上在公園散步時(shí)，我們會(huì)吸入新鮮空氣。吸收，吸入人吸入氧氣，呼出二氧化碳。①Theplanetookoffanhourlate.②

Twoburgerstotakeaway,please.③Reporterstookdowneverywordofhisspeech.④

Heneedstotakecareofhislittlesisterafterschooleveryday.飛機(jī)起飛晚了一個(gè)小時(shí)。請來兩份漢堡包，帶走。take的其他短語takeoff起飛takeaway

拿走記者把他講的每一句話都記錄了下來。takedown寫下；記錄他每天放學(xué)后要照顧他的小妹妹。takecareof照顧；照料1.Someone________________mydictionarywhenIwasout.2.Theplaneisgoingto____________.ItwilllandinAmerica.3.Youshould_______________theplantsinyourclassroom-don’tforgettowaterthem.4.Please_____________thenotesontheblackboard.5.Whenyoublowoutcandles,becarefulnotto_________toomuchsmoke.用方框中的短語的適當(dāng)形式填空。tookawaytakeofftakecareoftakeintakeawaytakedowntakeofftakecareoftakedowntakein9.Theyalsotrap

harmfulthingsintheirleavesandhelpcleantheair.它們還會(huì)將有害物質(zhì)吸收到葉子里，并有助于凈化空氣。

trapv.①Thespongecantrapwaterquickly.②Thiskindofsoilcantraprainwater,sotheflowersheredon’tneedmuchwatering.海綿能很快吸收水。吸收這種土壤能吸收雨水，所以這里的花不需要多澆水。

trapv.①Theyweretrappedintheburningbuilding.②

Heavysnowtrappedthefamilyintheirhousefortwodays.?他們被困在燃燒著的樓房里。使落入險(xiǎn)境大雪把這家人困在家里兩天。harmfuladj.①Eatingtoomuchcandyisharmfultoourteeth.②Toomuchsunwithoutprotectioncanbeharmful.吃太多糖果對我們的牙齒有害。有害的毫無防護(hù)地曬太久太陽可能是有害的。beharmfulto

對……有害1.Smokingisharmfultoboththesmokerandthepeoplearoundthem.2.Someplants’leavescantrapsmalldropsofrain,sotheydon’tdryouteasily.英譯漢。吸煙對吸煙者本人和周圍的人都有害。有些植物的葉子能吸收小雨滴，所以它們不容易干旱。Whenfinishing,exchangeyourpaperstogradeeachother.(Scoreonepointforeachcorrectanswer.)NameScoreN