原創(chuàng)題組練(三)高考總復(fù)習(xí)優(yōu)化設(shè)計GAOKAOZONGFUXIYOUHUASHEJI2025ASomemightsaythathandwritinghasbecomeadyingartsincetheappearanceofthetypewriterinthemid1880’s,evenmoresoduetocomputers.Infact,manyschoolsintheUnitedStatesnolongerrequiredteachingcursive(草體)asapartofthecorecurriculums.However,despitethesensethatwritingonpaperisoutoffashion,itactuallyhasanumberofveryimportantbenefits.Writingbyhandisnotonlyimportantforlanguageprocessingandmemory,itisalsoimportantforcognitive(認知)development.APsychology

Todaybloglaysoutthewaysinwhichlearningtowritebyhandteachesthebrain“functionalspecialization”orinotherwords,thebestefficiency.Inlearningtowritebyhand,thehumanbrainmustintegratesensation,movementcontrol,andthinking.Forwhateverreason,itdoesnotdosowhenlearningtotype.Writingbyhands’cognitivebenefitsarenumerousandtherearemanystudiesthatcanprovethat.A2021studybytheUniversityofTokyoshowsthatwritingonpapercouldhelpstudentsrecallmaterialsbetterthantypingonakeyboard.Likewise,a2014studyfromtheAssociation

for

Psychological

Scienceshowsthattakingnotesonalaptopasopposedtowritingthemlonghand,leadstoshallowerprocessingofthemateriallearned.Thisisbecausewhenusingalaptop,studentswilloftentypeoutlectureswordforword,asopposedtoprocessinginformationandrewordingitintheirownlanguage.Thesebenefitsactuallytranslatetohowyourecalltheinformation.Inthiscasewritingitbyhandinsteadoftypingalsohelpsstudentsdobetteronexams.AstudyledbyDr.VirginiaBerninger,aprofessoroftheUniversityofWashington,suggeststhatchildrenwrotelongerandmorecomplexessayswhentheywerewritingbyhand,asopposedtousingakeyboard.“Childrenconsistentlydidbetterwritingwithapenwhentheywroteessays.Theywrotemoreandtheywrotefaster,”BerningertoldFuturity.Sothenexttimeyousitdowntowriteanemailtoalovedone,considerthepossibilitythatitmightbebetterforyourbrainifyouwroteahandwrittenletterinstead.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論手寫的益處——用鍵盤的學(xué)習(xí)效果遠不如手寫。1.What

do

we

learn

about

handwriting

from

paragraph

1?A.It

has

its

unique

value.B.It

has

become

a

new

fashion.C.Its

cursive

form

is

required

in

the

US.D.Its

nature

has

been

replaced

by

computers.答案

A解析

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“However...it

actually

has

a

number

of

very

important

benefits.”可知,盡管手寫已經(jīng)過時,但它的確有很多重要的益處。故選A項。2.According

to

paragraphs

2-3,what

can

we

know

about

writing

by

hand?A.It

can

result

in

less

brain

connectivity.B.It

can

boost

memory

and

understanding.C.It

might

have

little

to

do

with

recalling

materials.D.It

might

lead

to

shallower

processing

information.答案

B解析

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Writing

by

hand

is

not

only

important

for

language

processing

and

memory,it

is

also

important

for

cognitive(認知)

development.”及第三段描述可知,手寫不僅有助于記憶,還有助于認知發(fā)展。下段敘述這一論點得到了實驗驗證。故選B項。3.What

is

the

author’s

attitude

toward

writing?A.Critical.

B.Uncertain.C.Tolerant.

D.Supportive.答案

D解析

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段敘述,作者建議手寫信給親人,而不是發(fā)電子郵件。由此可推知,作者對于手寫持支持態(tài)度。故選D項。4.Which

of

the

following

is

the

best

title

for

the

text?A.Efficiency

Comes

FirstB.More

Complex

Essays

are

NeededC.The

Pen

is

Mightier

than

the

KeyboardD.Science

is

the

Primary

Productive

Force.答案

C解析

主旨大意題。通讀全文,隨著電腦的普及,手寫雖然顯得過時,但依然益處多多。手寫有助于記憶和認知發(fā)展,而且得到了諸多實驗驗證。因此,用鍵盤的學(xué)習(xí)效果遠不如動手寫(The

Pen

is

Mightier

than

the

Keyboard)最能概括文章主旨。故選C項。BTheprintedbookisback.Recentstudieshaveshownthatstudentskeepinmindmoreinformationwhentheyreadahard-copybookcomparedtoreadingonadigitaldevice.Ilovethewaywenowjudgeprintedbooksusingthelanguageofthedigitalworld.E-booksmaycomewitha“suiteofguidingtools”,butitturnsoutthatthebestguidingdevicesareyourfingers.Youcanusethemtolookthroughthepagesforwardsandbackwards.Tothink,allthistime,thosedeviceshavejustbeensittingthere,hangingattheendofyourarm.Fansofdigitalbooksmaypointoutthate-readershaveahandy“search”tool.Old-fashionedbooksalsohaveasearchfunction,inwhichyouturnbacktotheopeningchaptertoremindyourselfofthehero’sdescription.Theyevenhavea“bookmarksystem”,whichusesadevicecalleda“bookmark”.Fansofthee-bookpointoutthatdigitaltextiseasytoannotate.Somedevicesevenfeaturealittleimageofapenciltoguidethereaderthroughtheprocess.Traditional-bookusershaveasimilarsystemcalleda“pencil”.Withit,favouredpassagescanbeunderlinedand,ifit’sahistorybook,commentscanbewritteninthemargin(頁邊),suchas“Notso,accordingtoThe

Decline

and

Fall

of

the

Roman

Empire.”Thusnoted,suchbookscanbeleftaroundforotherstostudy,convincingfamilymembersofyourinsight.Theprintedbook,ofcourse,hasotheradvantages.Afullbookshelfisatonceasoundbaseandastoreofknowledge.Andanyproperlythumbedbookwillalwaysfallopenatthesexiestscene.Also,thesmellofoldbooksinasecond-handbookshopisinstantlyremindful.Yes,it’samixofmould(霉味)andoldpaper,buttomeitrepresentspossibility.Educationalfashionscomeandgo,somaybetheshiftbacktotraditionalbookswon’tlast.Butforthemoment,Ifindmyselfstandingatattention,extendingmytextbook-builtshouldersandsalutingtheirgloriousreturn.Inthedebateaboutwhichisbetter,itseemsthatthehard-copybookishardertoknockoutthanoriginallythought.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要介紹了印刷書籍的回歸及其原因。5.Why

does

the

author

use

the

digital

language

to

judge

printed

books?

A.To

explain

concepts.B.To

highlight

development

of

languages.C.To

please

readers.D.To

make

better

comparisons.答案

D解析

細節(jié)理解題。關(guān)鍵詞定位在第二段。根據(jù)第二段第一句“I

love

the

way

we

now

judge

printed

books

using

the

language

of

the

digital

world.”以及在文章各處的引用的電子術(shù)語“suite

of

guiding

tools”

“search”

“bookmark

system”

“pencil”這些傳統(tǒng)的紙質(zhì)書閱讀中的術(shù)語,可能在電子書閱讀時代被賦予了新的內(nèi)涵,但重點還是第二段中的“judge

printed

books

using

the

language

of

the

digital

world”可推知,作者喜歡使用這些電子時代的語言來評判紙質(zhì)書,更多是為了在兩者之間更好地作比較。通過下文看,作者也是一條一條來說明的。第二段就電子書籍便捷的導(dǎo)引功能,作者提到事實證明,最好的導(dǎo)引工具還是人的手指;第三段提到電子書籍便捷的搜索功能,作者指出紙質(zhì)書同樣具備此功能,而且還具備“書簽系統(tǒng)”;第三段提到電子書籍便于加注,作者提出紙質(zhì)書讀者用鉛筆加注,遇到喜歡的章節(jié),可以加下劃線,若是歷史書籍,還可以在頁邊處寫評論,以便與家人分享你的觀點。故選D項。6.What

does

the

underlined

word

“annotate”

in

paragraph

4

mean?A.Search.

B.Access.C.Add

notes.

D.Get

information.答案

C解析

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“Fans

of

the

e-book

point

out

that

digital

text

is

easy

to

annotate.”以及下面的舉例可知,用鉛筆可將喜歡的段落標注下劃線,若是歷史書籍,可在頁邊題寫評論。由此可推斷,annotate一詞意為“加注”。故選C項。7.What

attracts

the

readers

as

to

printed

books?A.Value

of

senses.

B.Knowledge

storage.C.Bookshelves.

D.Bookstores.答案

A解析

推理判斷題。本題定位在第五段。此段首句“The

printed

book,of

course,has

other

advantages.”表示除了上述紙質(zhì)書閱讀與電子閱讀的區(qū)別(或者說,與電子閱讀相比,紙質(zhì)書略勝一籌外),紙質(zhì)書還獨具一些優(yōu)勢:一個擺滿書的書架總是一個顯眼的地方,那里存貯了滿滿的知識,而且人們高贊的書籍總是打開,擺在最耀眼的位置;根據(jù)第五段第四、五句可知,印刷書的氣味是霉味和舊報紙的混合氣味,但于作者而言,這種氣味代表(獲取知識)的無限可能性。故選A項。8.Which

of

the

following

is

the

best

title

for

the

text?A.Why

E-books

Are

ConvenientB.Why

the

Printed

Book

Is

BackC.Why

Educational

Fashions

ChangeD.Why

Digital

Reading

Becomes

Popular答案

B解析

主旨大意題。文章開宗明義,提出“The

printed

book

is

back.”,印刷書籍重新興起,而且用研究結(jié)論來支撐。研究表明:學(xué)生通過閱讀紙質(zhì)書籍,比在電子閱讀中記住更多的信息。下文大篇幅就印刷書與電子書的優(yōu)缺點展開比較,尤其突出了使用印刷書閱讀的美好體驗。最后一段回歸主題,進行總結(jié):盡管傳統(tǒng)書籍的回歸不一定持續(xù)多長時間,但此時此刻,“我”向這種回歸致敬。與文章開頭相照應(yīng)。因此,“印刷書為何回歸”是最佳標題。故選B項。CThemonarchisperhapsthebest-knownbutterflyinNorthAmerica.Everyfall,theymigratefromtheUSandCanadatoCaliforniaandMexicoforthewinter,breedingmultiplegenerationsalongtheway.Butnowthemonarchisintrouble.Duetohabitatloss,milkweed,theplantsthatthebutterflycaterpillarsfeedon,arefewerandfartherbetween,sothenumberofmonarchisdeclining.Inthe1990s,researchersattheUniversityofMinnesotadecidedtousecitizensciencetocollectlong-termdataonmonarchcaterpillarsandmilkweedhabitatinordertoprovideinformationthatdecisionmakerscanusetohelppreventthemonarch’sdecline.TheMonarchLarvaMonitoringProjecthasgrowntoinvolvevolunteersfromacrossNorthAmerica.Participantsvolunteertomonitoraparticularsite—oftentheirownbackyards.Throughonlineorin-persontraining,thevolunteerslearnhowtoidentifymilkweedaswellastheeggs,caterpillarsandpupae(蛹)ofmonarchbutterflies.Theyalsolearnaboutthemonarch’smigration.Eachyear,volunteersrecordwhenmilkweedplantsfirstcomeoutofthegroundandhowmanyarepresentatthesitetheyaremonitoring.Then,onaweeklybasis,theyrecordthenumberofeggsandcaterpillarstheysee.Thefinalstepisenteringthedataintoanonlinedatabase.Forcitizenscienceprojects,datavalidity(效度)canbeaconcern.Somesaythatnon-scientistscan’tbetrustedtocollectreliabledata.Theprojectaddressessuchconcernsbyusingastandardizedrulesandrequiringrepeatedobservationsofthesamespeciesinthesameplace.TheMLMPalsoofferstraining,andalldataarecarefullycheckedbeforeusedforresearchpurposes.Anotherchallengeisgettingvolunteerstoreportzeroesorthelackofmonarchs.Asthemonarchpopulationdeclines,volunteersmaybediscouragedandnotwanttocollectdata.MLMPstaffworkwithvolunteerstohighlighttheimportanceofknowingwheremonarchsarenotfound.Theprojectissuccessfullymeetingitscorepurpose:tohelpscientistsbetterunderstandhowandwhymonarchpopulationsarechanging.Dataprovidedbycitizenscientistshaveformedthebasisforagrowingnumberofscientificpublications.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹為有效阻止北美“魅力昆蟲”君王斑蝶數(shù)量減少,啟用了公民科學(xué)項目,旨在讓社會公眾參與重要科學(xué)研究,構(gòu)建老少咸宜的戶外科學(xué)課堂。9.Why

is

the

number

of

monarch

butterflies

declining?A.They

are

influenced

by

the

cold

weather.B.There

are

fewer

milkweed

plants

along

the

way.C.Many

butterfly

caterpillars

lose

their

habitats.D.The

distance

of

their

migration

becomes

longer.答案

B解析

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Due

to

habitat

loss,milkweed,the

plants

that

the

butterfly

caterpillars

feed

on,are

fewer

and

farther

between,so

the

number

of

monarch

is

declining.”可知,由于棲息地的喪失,蝴蝶幼蟲賴以為食的草屬植物(植物乳草)的大面積減少,因此君王斑蝶數(shù)量減少。故選B項。10.What

is

paragraph

3

mainly

about?A.The

application

of

citizen

science

in

the

project.B.Findings

of

Monarch

Larva

Monitoring

Project.C.The

establishment

of

the

monarch

online

data

base.D.The

reason

of

citizen

science

being

adopted.答案

A解析

段落大意題。文章第二段提到,明尼蘇達大學(xué)的研