高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省寧波市部分學(xué)校2025-2026學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期中聯(lián)考英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ADifferentfromatext-heavynovel,coffeetablebooksofferlargeimagesandsmallersectionsoftext,allowingustoeasilydiveinandexplore.TheMetropolitanMuseumofArt:MasterpiecePaintingsbyKathrynCalleyGalitzIfyou’reunabletowanderalongthecorridorsofthisworld-famousmuseumyourself,don’tworry:thisbookoffersanimpressiveinsightintosomeofthemasterpieceshousedhere.Amazingimageswillattractthecasualreader,whileviewsfromGalitz,directorofthemuseum,ondifferentpiecesaresettoengageartandhistoryloversalike.DestinationsofaLifetime:225oftheWorld’sMostAmazingPlacesbyNationalGeographicWithlarge,strikingphotos,amereglancethroughthisbookwillfueltheurgetotravel.Besidesafewofthehotplaces,thereareplentyofdestinationsyoumaynothaveheardof.Alongsideimagesofdramaticlandscapes,accompanyinghandytipsonexperiencingthemlikealocal.SecretGardenersbyVictoriaSummerleyWhenthinkingofsomeofBritain’smostfamousnames,theirbusy,jet-setlifestylesprobablyspringtomind.But,awayfromthepubliceye,theseindividualsarejustlikeus,andlovenothingmorethanspendinghoursintheirgardens.Thepagesofthisbeautifulbooksharefantasticimagesfromthegardensof25well-knownpersonalities.TheStoryofFood:AnIllustratedHistoryofEverythingWeEatbyDKTheoriginsandfactsofdifferentingredientsareincludedinthisbook,alongwithexplorationsintothedevelopmentofcookingovertheages.Thebookismoretext-heavy,butdon’tletthatputyouoff:therearestillplentyofbeautifulphotosandvividillustrationsthroughout.1.Whichofthefollowingbooksincludesopinionsfromanexpert?A.SecretGardeners. B.TheStoryofFood.C.DestinationsofaLifetime. D.TheMetropolitanMuseumofArt.2.WhatdoesVictoriawriteabout?A.Historyofcooking. B.Tipsontravelingcheaply.C.BusylifestylesofBritishpeople. D.PrivategardensinBritain.3.WhatmakesTheStoryofFooddifferentfromtheotherthree?A.Itcontainsbiggersectionsofwords. B.Itprovidesunfamiliarinformation.C.Itattractscasualreadersandspecialists. D.Itsharesamazingimages.【答案】1.D2.D3.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹四本適合放在咖啡桌上的畫冊，包括其內(nèi)容特色、亮點及適合的讀者群體。【1題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheMetropolitanMuseumofArt:MasterpiecePaintingsbyKathrynCalleyGalitz中的“Amazingimageswillattractthecasualreader,whileviewsfromGalitz,directorofthemuseum,ondifferentpiecesaresettoengageartandhistoryloversalike.(令人驚嘆的圖片會吸引普通讀者，而博物館館長加利茨對不同作品的觀點，定會吸引藝術(shù)和歷史愛好者)”可知，《大都會藝術(shù)博物館：杰作畫作》一書包含了專家（博物館館長）的觀點。故選D項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SecretGardenersbyVictoriaSummerley中的“Thepagesofthisbeautifulbooksharefantasticimagesfromthegardensof25well-knownpersonalities.(這本精美書籍的書頁中，分享了25位知名人士花園的精彩圖片)”可知，維多利亞（Victoria）的《秘密園丁》一書描寫的是英國的私人花園。故選D項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheStoryofFood:AnIllustratedHistoryofEverythingWeEatbyDK中的“Thebookismoretext-heavy,butdon’tletthatputyouoff:therearestillplentyofbeautifulphotosandvividillustrationsthroughout.(這本書文字較多，但別因此卻步：書中仍有大量精美照片和生動插圖)”可知，《食物的故事》與其他三本書的不同之處在于它包含更多的文字內(nèi)容。故選A項。BSingaporeisknownasaworld’smosthighlydevelopedcountry,withwell-equippedapartments.Butforoneman,thatcouldn’tbefurtherfromtheplacehecalledhome—ashelterinoneofthecountry’sforests.OnmeetingOhGoSeng,thefirstthingthatstrikesyouisthebrightlightinhiseyes.Hewearshis79yearsverylightly,lookinginfarbettershapethanmanypeoplehalfhisage.Mr.OhgrewuptogetherwithhisfamilyinSungeiTengah,alocalkampongorvillage.Inthe1980s,however,thesekampongswereknockeddown,tomakewayfornewhigh-risebuildings.Mostkampongresidentswereofferednewhomesbythegovernment,butMr.Ohwasunabletogetaplaceofhisown.Hisbrother,however,didgetagovernmentflatandMr.Ohwasinvitedtolivethere,butheeventuallymovedoutashesaidhedidnotwanttobotherthefamily.So,heheadedbacktoaforestclosetowherehisoldhomeoncestoodandstartedtospendnightsinashelter.Upongettingclosetotheshelter,youseeashesinthedoorwayfromtheopenfirethatMr.Ohwouldcookon.Thegardennearhistentiswherehewouldgrowhisownfood.Thetoweringjackfruittreeoverhistent,hesays,providedenoughshade,andheneverfeltuncomfortable.Lonelinesswasneveraproblemeither,hesays.Hekepthimselfbusytakingcareofhisgarden,althoughthat,headds,wasmadeeasybythegoodgrowingconditions.Theworstaspectoflivingintheforest,hesays,wasthemice.Theywouldfindtheirwayintohisshelterandbiteholesinhisclothes.InFebruarythisyear—onthefirstdayoftheLunarNewYear,Mr.Ohwasgivenanewhometolivein.Henowworksasadriver,transportingforeignworkersfromonejobtoanother,andsometimesdoesgardeningwork,hesays.4.WhatdoweknowaboutMr.Ohfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Helivesinaverygoodapartment.B.Heloveshiswell-equippedshelterC.Helooksyoungforhisage.D.Heisveryfondoflightclothes.5.Whywerethosekampongsremovedinthe1980s?A.Anewroadwouldbebuilt.B.Theywereinbadcondition.C.Thevillagerswantednewhomes.D.Theyhadtomakeroomfornewbuildings.6.WhydidMr.Ohmoveoutofhisbrother’sflat?A.Hepreferredtolivealoneinnature.B.Hedidn’twanttotroublehisfamily.C.Hedidn’twanttoworkwithhisfamily.D.Hehadanargumentwithhisfamily.7.WhatisMr.Oh’sattitudetowardslivingintheshelter?A.Positive. B.Upset. C.Worried. D.Unconcerned【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述新加坡老人吳高成（OhGoSeng）因村莊拆遷曾長期居住在森林庇護所，后獲新居并工作的經(jīng)歷?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Hewearshis79yearsverylightly,lookinginfarbettershapethanmanypeoplehalfhisage.(他79歲的年紀卻顯得很年輕，身體狀況比許多年紀只有他一半的人都要好)”可知，吳先生看起來比實際年齡年輕。故選C項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Inthe1980s,however,thesekampongswereknockeddown,tomakewayfornewhigh-risebuildings.(然而，在20世紀80年代，這些村落被拆除，為新的高層建筑騰出空間)”可知，20世紀80年代村落被拆除是為了給新建筑讓路。故選D項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Hisbrother,however,didgetagovernmentflatandMr.Ohwasinvitedtolivethere,

butheeventuallymovedoutashesaidhedidnotwanttobotherthefamily.(不過，他的哥哥的確得到了一套政府公寓，吳先生被邀請住在那里，但他最終還是搬了出去，因為他說不想打擾家人)”可知，吳先生搬出哥哥家是因為不想麻煩家人。故選B項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Thetoweringjackfruittreeoverhistent,hesays,providedenoughshade,andheneverfeltuncomfortable.(他說，帳篷上方高聳的菠蘿蜜樹提供了足夠的樹蔭，他從未覺得不舒服)”及第五段中的“Lonelinesswasneveraproblemeither,hesays.(他說，孤獨也從來不是問題)”可知，吳先生對居住在庇護所的生活持積極態(tài)度。故選A項。CInordertohelpdiscoverspoilage(變質(zhì))andreducefoodwasteforsupermarketsandconsumers,researchershavedevelopednewlow-cost,smartphone-linked,eco-friendlyspoilagesensorsformeatandfishpackaging.OneinthreeUKconsumersthrowawayfoodjustbecauseitreachestheuse-bydate,but60%(4.2milliontons)ofthe￡12.5billion-worthoffoodwethrowawayeachyearissafetoeat.Theresearchers,whosefindingswerepublishedinACSSensors,saythesensorscouldalsofinallyreplacetheuse-bydate,whichisnowwidelyusedtotelliffoodisfreshandeatable.ThesensorscosttwoUScentseachtomake.Knownas“paper-basedelectricalgassensors(PEGS)”,theysensespoilagegaseslikeammonia(apoisonousgaswithastrongunpleasantsmell)inmeatandfishproducts.Theinformationprovidedbytheelectronicnoseisreceivedbyasmartphone,andthenyoucanknowwhetherthefoodisfreshandsafetoeat.LeadauthorDr.FiratGuder,ofImperial’sDepartmentofBioengineering,said,“Althoughthey’redesignedtokeepussafe,use-bydatescanleadtoeatablefoodbeingthrownaway.Theydon’talwaysreflectitsactualfreshness.Infact,peopleoftengetsickfromfood-bornediseasesduetopoorstorage,evenwhenanitemiswithinitsuse-bydate.“Thesesensorsarecheapenoughsowehopetoseesupermarketsusingthemwithinthreeyears.OurgoalistousePEGSinfoodpackagingtoreduceunnecessaryfoodwaste.”TheauthorshopethatPEGScouldhaveapplications(應(yīng)用)beyondfoodprocessing,likesensingchemicalsinagriculture,airquality,anddetectingdiseasemarkersinbreath.8.WhatisthefunctionofPEGSaccordingtothetext?A.Toimprovetheserviceofstores.B.Tohelpsupermarketsstorefoods.C.Toimprovethetasteoffoodproducts.D.Tohelppeopletestfoodfreshness.9.WhatroledoesthesmartphoneplaywhilePEGSarefunctioning?A.Itactsasanelectronicnose.B.ItreadstheinformationcollectedbyPEGS.C.Itdiscoversthespoilagegasesfromfoods.D.Ithelpsprintthegassensorsontopaper.10.WhatdoesDr.FiratGudersayaboutuse-bydates?A.Theyarenotcompletelyreliable. B.Theycanhelpreducefoodwaste.C.Theyarenotacceptedbyconsumers. D.Theyarebasedonscientificresearch.11.Whatdoestheauthormainlytalkaboutinthetext?A.Theprocessofresearchingspoilagesensors.B.Anewtechnologyinpackagingtoreducefoodwaste.C.Use-bydates’influenceonsupermarketsandconsumers.D.Variousapplicationsoftheelectronicnoseinfoodstorage.【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹一種低成本、環(huán)保的食品變質(zhì)傳感器PEGS，其功能、優(yōu)勢及應(yīng)用前景?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Knownas“paper-basedelectricalgassensors(PEGS)”,theysensespoilagegaseslikeammoniainmeatandfishproducts.Theinformationprovidedbytheelectronicnoseisreceivedbyasmartphone,andthenyoucanknowwhetherthefoodisfreshandsafetoeat.(這種傳感器被稱為“紙基電子氣體傳感器（PEGS）”，它們能檢測肉類和魚類產(chǎn)品中氨等變質(zhì)氣體。電子鼻提供的信息會被智能手機接收，然后你就能知道食物是否新鮮、是否可以安全食用)”可知，PEGS的功能是幫助人們檢測食物的新鮮度。故選D項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Theinformationprovidedbytheelectronicnoseisreceivedbyasmartphone,andthenyoucanknowwhetherthefoodisfreshandsafetoeat.(電子鼻提供的信息會被智能手機接收，然后你就能知道食物是否新鮮、是否可以安全食用)”可知，PEGS工作時，智能手機的作用是讀取PEGS收集到的信息。故選B項?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的“Althoughthey’redesignedtokeepussafe,use-bydatescanleadtoeatablefoodbeingthrownaway.Theydon’talwaysreflectitsactualfreshness.(雖然保質(zhì)期的設(shè)計是為了保護我們的安全，但它可能會導(dǎo)致可食用的食物被丟棄。它們并不總能反映食物的實際新鮮度)”可知，F(xiàn)iratGuder博士認為保質(zhì)期并非完全可靠。故選A項?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Inordertohelpdiscoverspoilageandreducefoodwasteforsupermarketsandconsumers,researchershavedevelopednewlow-cost,smartphone-linked,eco-friendlyspoilagesensorsformeatandfishpackaging.(為了幫助超市和消費者發(fā)現(xiàn)食物變質(zhì)并減少食物浪費，研究人員開發(fā)了一種新型低成本、可連接智能手機、環(huán)保的肉類和魚類包裝變質(zhì)傳感器)”及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了一種用于包裝的新技術(shù)PEGS，其核心目的是減少食物浪費。故選B項。DIn1995,amiddle-agedmannamedMcArthurWheelerrobbedtwobanksinPittsburghduringtheday.Hedidn’twearamask—heevensmiledatthesecuritycamerasbeforeleavingeachbank.Thatnight,thepolicearrestedhim.WhenofficersshowedWheelerthecameratapes,helookedshockedandsaid,“ButIusedthejuice!”Wheelerthoughtrubbinglemonjuiceonhisskinwouldmakehiminvisibletothecameras.Heknewlemonjuiceworksas“invisibleink”—youcan’tseewhat’swrittenwithitunlessyouheatthepaper.Sohebelievedhewouldn’tshowuponthetapesifhestayedawayfromheat.ThisstrangecasegottheattentionofDavidDunning,apsychologistatCornellUniversity.HeaskedhisgraduatestudentJustinKrugertohelpfigureoutwhatwasgoingon.Theyfoundthatalmosteveryonethinkstheirabilities(likesocialskillsorthinkingskills)aregood,butsomepeoplemistakenlybelievetheirabilitiesaremuchbetterthantheyreallyare.Thiswrongsenseofconfidenceisnowcalledthe“Dunning-Krugereffect.”Tostudythis,DunningandKrugerdidexperimentswithcollegestudents.Inonetest,theyaskedstudentsquestionsaboutgrammar,logicandjokes.Thentheyhadthestudentsguesstheirscoresandhowtheydidcomparedtoothers.Thestudentswhoscoredthelowestoverestimatedtheirabilitiesthemost.Forexample,thoseatthebottomthoughttheydidbetterthantwo-thirdsoftheotherstudents!It’scommonforpeopletooverestimatetheirabilities.Buttheproblemwithunskilledpeopleisthattheynotonlymakebadchoices—theyalsocan’ttellthey’remakingmistakes.Inayear-longstudy,goodstudentscouldbetterguesstheirfutureexamscoresiftheygotfeedback(反饋)ontheirgrades.Butpoorstudentsstilldidn’trealizetheyweredoingbadly,evenwhentheygotclear,repeatedfeedback.Insteadofthinkingabouttheirmistakes,theyinsistedtheywereright.AsCharlesDarwinwroteinTheDescentofMan(1871):“Ignorancemorefrequentlybegetsconfidencethandoesknowledge.”Interestingly,verysmartpeoplealsocan’tassesstheirabilitiesaccurately.JustasDandFstudentsoverestimatetheirskills,Astudentsunderestimatetheirs.Thedifferenceis:ifgivenhelpfulfeedback,skilledpeoplecanadjusttheirself-assessment—butunskilledpeoplecan’t.12.WhydidMcArthurWheelerrublemonjuiceonhisskinbeforerobbingthebanks?A.Hewantedtoprotecthisskinfromthesun.B.Hethoughtitwouldmakecamerasunabletocatchhim.C.Heusedittohidethesmellofhissweatinthebank.D.Hebelieveditcouldhelphimstaycalmduringtherobbery.13.WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheDunning-KrugereffectisTRUE?A.Theeffectistrueforeveryoneindailylife.B.Itsuggeststhatmostpeoplelackabilities.C.Somepeopleareoverconfidentabouttheirabilities.D.Theconclusionismadebasedonmanybankrobberies.14.Theunderlinedword“begets”inParagraph4canbereplacedby“________”.A.resultsin B.makesuseof C.bringsdown D.breaksawayfrom15.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Trueknowledgemeansknowinghowmuchyoudon’tknow.B.It’simpossibleforpeopletojudgetheirrealabilitylevel.C.Wrongconfidenceisthemainreasonwhypeoplefail.D.Peoplewithgreatabilitiesoftenhavealowopinionofthemselves.【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文，文章通過麥克阿瑟·惠勒搶劫銀行的荒誕案例引出“鄧寧-克魯格效應(yīng)”，即部分人錯誤地高估自身能力，而高能力者可能低估自己但能通過反饋調(diào)整認知，揭示了自我評估中的認知偏差現(xiàn)象?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Wheelerthoughtrubbinglemonjuiceonhisskinwouldmakehiminvisibletothecameras.Heknewlemonjuiceworksas“invisibleink”—youcan’tseewhat’swrittenwithitunlessyouheatthepaper.Sohebelievedhewouldn’tshowuponthetapesifhestayedawayfromheat.(惠勒認為在皮膚上涂抹檸檬汁會使他在攝像頭前隱形。他知道檸檬汁可以當作“隱形墨水”——除非加熱紙張，否則你看不到用檸檬汁寫的東西。所以他認為，如果他遠離熱源，就不會出現(xiàn)在錄像帶上。)”可知，惠勒認為檸檬汁能讓他在監(jiān)控中“隱形”，因為檸檬汁作為隱形墨水需加熱才會顯現(xiàn)，他誤以為遠離熱源就不會被攝像頭捕捉。所以他涂檸檬汁是為了讓攝像頭無法拍到自己，故選B項?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Theyfoundthatalmosteveryonethinkstheirabilities(likesocialskillsorthinkingskills)aregood,butsomepeoplemistakenlybelievetheirabilitiesaremuchbetterthantheyreallyare.Thiswrongsenseofconfidenceisnowcalledthe“Dunning-Krugereffect.”(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，幾乎每個人都認為自己的能力（如社交能力或思維能力）很好，但有些人錯誤地認為自己的能力比實際要好得多。這種錯誤的自信感現(xiàn)在被稱為“鄧寧-克魯格效應(yīng)”。)”可知，鄧寧-克魯格效應(yīng)指部分人錯誤地高估自身能力，即“過度自信”。C項“Somepeopleareoverconfidentabouttheirabilities(有些人對自己的能力過于自信)”符合定義，故選C項。【14題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段“poorstudentsstilldidn’trealizetheyweredoingbadly,evenwhentheygotclear,repeatedfeedback.Insteadofthinkingabouttheirmistakes,theyinsistedtheywereright(差生仍然沒有意識到自己表現(xiàn)不佳，即使他們得到了明確、反復(fù)的反饋。他們沒有反思自己的錯誤，反而堅持認為自己是對的)”可知，差生仍然沒有意識到自己表現(xiàn)不佳，即使他們得到了明確、反復(fù)的反饋。他們沒有反思自己的錯誤，反而堅持認為自己是對的，再根據(jù)“Ignorancemorefrequently…confidencethandoesknowledge(無知比知識更經(jīng)常地……自信)”可知，畫線詞上文提到了無知，下文提到了自信和知識，可推理出此處說的是無知更易導(dǎo)致自信，而知識反而抑制這種盲目自信。所以begets在此意為“導(dǎo)致”，與A項“resultsin(導(dǎo)致)”同義，故選A項?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Interestingly,verysmartpeoplealsocan’tassesstheirabilitiesaccurately.JustasDandFstudentsoverestimatetheirskills,Astudentsunderestimatetheirs.Thedifferenceis:ifgivenhelpfulfeedback,skilledpeoplecanadjusttheirself-assessment—butunskilledpeoplecan’t(有趣的是，非常聰明的人也無法準確評估自己的能力。就像D和F檔的學(xué)生高估自己的技能一樣，A檔的學(xué)生低估了自己的技能。區(qū)別在于：如果得到有用的反饋，有技能的人可以調(diào)整他們的自我評估——但沒有技能的人不能)”可知，高能力者低估自己但能通過反饋調(diào)整認知，低能力者則無法意識到自身錯誤。由此可推斷“真正的知識意味著清楚自身認知的邊界”，即“知之為知之，不知為不知”。A項“Trueknowledgemeansknowinghowmuchyoudon’tknow(真正的知識意味著知道自己的不足)”符合這一邏輯，故選A項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。ColdweatherisgoodforyouWithwinterapproaching,peoplebegintocomplainaboutcoldweather.___16___There’splentytoloveaboutcoldweather.Andthere’splentyofevidencethatcoolertemperaturescanbepartofahealthylife.First,coolertemperaturescanhelpyouloseweight.Itcanalsohelpyousleepbetter.Youmightfeeluncomfortableatfirstifyoucoolyourbedroomdown.Butifyou,forexample,switchyourbedroomtemperaturefrom72downto62degreesgraduallyoverafewweeks,yourbodywilladjust.___17___Ihavelongkeptmywinterhousetemperatureat62degrees.HowdidIfindthatnumber?Well,Iexperimentedonmyselfabouteightyearsago.___18___Istartedat66andturneditdownonedegreeeveryfewdaysuntil60.Ifoundwhenthetemperaturewascolderthan62,Icouldn’tfocus.But62wasperfect.Anotherbenefitformewasthatitalsokeptmeclear-headedwhileworkingathome.Interestingly,sciencealsosays62degreesisthemagicnumberforbrainwork.___19___Itsaid62degreeswasthetemperatureatwhichtheschoolboysubjectsofthestudyfunctionedperfect.Andwhilewe’respeakingofworkandschool,otherresearchshowsthatpeoplestudybetterwhentheweatheroutsideis“bad”.___20___ButaccordingtoaHarvardHealthLetterfrom2010,propercoldtemperaturescouldbegoodforskinbecauseittrainsbloodvesselsintheskintoberesponsive.So,rosycheeks!There’snoreasontobeafraidofwinterweather.Hugitandyou,too,canenjoytheseason.A.Irecentlyreada1972study.B.Andyou’llsavemoneyonenergycostsaswell.C.Manypeopleliketousecoldwatertowashtheirface.D.Atthattime,Iworkedathomeandlikedwarmtemperature.E.Mostofusthinkcoldweatherleadstodryskinandwrinkling.F.ThereasonwasthatIhatedspendingmoneyonheatingbills.G.Butifyou’reactiveandhealthy,itdoesn’thavetobeanegativething.【答案】16.G17.B18.F19.A20.E【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。作者從自身經(jīng)驗出發(fā)論證了低溫對身體健康的好處，比如：低溫可以幫助你減肥。它也有助于您保持清醒，還可以節(jié)省取暖費用。且這一論點已經(jīng)得到了科學(xué)的論證——哈佛大學(xué)2010年的一封健康信指出，適當?shù)牡蜏貙ζつw有好處，因為它能訓(xùn)練皮膚中的血管做出反應(yīng)?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)下文There’splentytoloveaboutcoldweather.可知，寒冷的天氣有很多讓人喜歡的地方，再根據(jù)上文Withwinterapproaching,peoplebegintocomplainaboutcoldweather.人們抱怨寒冷的天氣，可推測上文是提出寒冷的天氣也未必是一件壞事，故選G?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文Butifyou,forexample,switchyourbedroomtemperaturefrom72downto62degreesgraduallyoverafewweeks,yourbodywilladjust.（但是，舉例來說，如果你在幾周內(nèi)把臥室的溫度從72度逐漸調(diào)低到62度，你的身體就會做出調(diào)整。）可推測，下文繼續(xù)對這一行為進行說明：你還可以節(jié)省能源方面的支出。故選B。【18題詳析】根據(jù)上文HowdidIfindthatnumber?Well,Iexperimentedonmyselfabouteightyearsago.（我是怎么找到這個數(shù)字的?八年前我在自己身上做過實驗。）可推測，下文是作者描述自己這么做的原因是：原因是我討厭把錢花在取暖費上。故選F?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)上文Interestingly,sciencealsosays62degreesisthemagicnumberforbrainwork.（有趣的是，科學(xué)也說62度是腦力勞動的神奇數(shù)字。）可知，下文要提到科學(xué)方面的研究，science可對應(yīng)到A選項中的study，故選A?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)下文ButaccordingtoaHarvardHealthLetterfrom2010,propercoldtemperaturescouldbegoodforskinbecauseittrainsbloodvesselsintheskintoberesponsive.（但根據(jù)哈佛大學(xué)2010年的一封健康信，適當?shù)牡蜏貙ζつw有好處，因為它能訓(xùn)練皮膚中的血管做出反應(yīng)。）可知，But為轉(zhuǎn)折連詞，即前后文意思相反，故前文應(yīng)為人們對低溫的誤解：我們大多數(shù)人認為寒冷的天氣會導(dǎo)致皮膚干燥和起皺紋。故選E。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。AfterMaggieDoynegraduatedfromhighschool,shedecidedtotakeagapyeartravelingtheworldbeforestartingcollege.She____21____afewofherbelongingsandsetoff.Thejourneychangedherlifeandthelivesofhundredsoforphanedchildren(孤兒)forever.In2006,DoynetookatripinNepal,Asia.HavinggrownupinNewJersey,Doynewas____22____toseesomanyorphanedchildrenlivingonthestreets.Oneday,shesawalittlegirlnamedHemacarrying____23____toandfromthevillage.Sheearnedtwodollarsadaytosupportherself.Shelaterfoundoutthattherewere80millionchildrenacrosstheglobelivinglikeHema.Shethoughttoherself,“____24____the80million.WhatifIstartwithHema?”ItwasthenthatshedecidedtotakeHemaunderherwingandpayforhereducation.ButhelpingHemawasnotenoughforDoyne.Doyneusedher____25____tobuyanacreofland.Then,shebuiltthekidsahome,theKopilaValleyChildren’sHome.Now,theDoSomethingFoundationisdoingsomethingforDoyne.Theorganizationprovidesresourcesandsupportforteensthatwanttomakea(n)____26____intheworld.OnThursdaynight,thefoundation____27____Doynethe$100,000prizewinnerofthe2009DoSomethingAward.TheKopilaValleyChildren’sHome____28____openeditsdoorsin2008.Doyne,now22yearsold,hashelpedmorethan700otherorphansfindfamilies.Shealso____29____aprogramthatprovidesscholarshipsfor____30____familiestosendtheirchildrentoschool.Thechildrenlearnbasicskillssuchassewingandcooking.Theyalsogrowtheirownfoodintheirgardenandraisefarmanimals.Doyne____31____thatshedidn’thaveitall____32____whenshefirstarrivedinNepal.“Ijustfeltthattherewassomethingthereforme,”shesaid.Herparentswere____33____ofher.____34____itwasachallengetopersuadeotheradultsthatan18-year-oldgirlcouldcompletesuchabigproject,Doynenevergaveuponfundraising.Injustoverayear,shehadenoughmoneytobuildherdreamhome.Doyne’sstoryisagood____35____thatalthoughwecannotsolvealltheworld’sproblemsonourown,wecantakethefirststepofsolvingoneproblem.21.A.packedup B.brokeup C.builtup D.pickedup22.A.alarmed B.excited C.annoyed D.shocked23.A.messages B.loads C.passengers D.money24.A.Forget B.Mention C.Require D.Reduce25.A.belongings B.budgets C.savings D.credits26.A.plan B.difference C.research D.living27.A.named B.gave C.offered D.called28.A.simply B.officially C.frequently D.regularly29.A.runs B.employs C.accepts D.sets30.A.wealthy B.important C.great D.needy31.A.announces B.promises C.admits D.refuses32.A.putout B.setout C.carriedout D.figuredout33.A.doubtful B.satisfied C.confident D.supportive34.A.Eventhough B.Aslongas C.Asif D.Incase35.A.informer B.predictor C.reminder D.creator【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.A25.C26.B27.A28.B29.A30.D31.C32.D33.D34.A35.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了MaggieDoyne高中畢業(yè)后休學(xué)環(huán)游世界，在尼泊爾目睹孤兒的艱難處境后，毅然投身公益，創(chuàng)辦兒童之家、運營助學(xué)項目，幫助數(shù)百名孤兒和貧困家庭兒童改善生活與教育條件的故事?！?1題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：她收拾了幾件行李就出發(fā)了。A.packedup收拾，打包；B.brokeup分手、解散；C.builtup建立、積累；D.pickedup撿起、學(xué)會。根據(jù)前文“takeagapyeartravelingtheworld”和后文“setoff（出發(fā)）”，可知旅行前需收拾個人物品，故選A項?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Doyne在新澤西長大，看到這么多孤兒流落街頭，她感到震驚。A.alarmed警覺的、擔(dān)憂的；B.excited興奮的；C.annoyed惱怒的；D.shocked震驚的。根據(jù)前文文“takeagapyeartravelingtheworldbeforestartingcollege.”和后文“seesomanyorphanedchildrenlivingonthestreets”可知生活環(huán)境優(yōu)越的她，面對“孤兒流落街頭”的陌生場景，應(yīng)是“震驚”，故選D項?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有一天，她看到一個名叫赫馬的小女孩在村里村外搬運重物。A.messages信息；B.loads重物、負載；C.passengers乘客；D.money錢。根據(jù)后文“Sheearnedtwodollarsadaytosupportherself”可知，小女孩靠體力勞動謀生，“搬運重物”符合“體力勞動”的語境，故選B項?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她心里想：“先別管這8000萬孩子了，從赫馬開始怎么樣？”A.Forget暫且不提、放下；B.Mention提及；C.Require要求；D.Reduce減少。根據(jù)后文“WhatifIstartwithHema?”可知面對全球8000萬孤兒的龐大數(shù)量，多因選擇從身邊的赫馬入手，“Forget”在此表示“暫且不提、放下”，符合邏輯，故選A項?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Doyne用自己的積蓄買了一英畝土地。A.belongings財物；B.budgets預(yù)算；C.savings積蓄；D.credits學(xué)分、信貸。根據(jù)文章開頭“AfterMaggieDoynegraduatedfromhighschool”可知當時多因是剛高中畢業(yè)的學(xué)生，無穩(wěn)定收入，購買土地的錢應(yīng)是自己積攢的“積蓄”，故選C項?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：該組織為想要改變世界的青少年提供資源和支持。A.plan計劃；B.difference不同；C.research研究；D.living生計。根據(jù)前文“Theorganizationprovidesresourcesandsupportforteens”可知該組織想要做貢獻，固定搭配“makeadifference”意為“有影響、起作用”，符合“想要為世界做貢獻”的語境，故選B項?！?7題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：周四晚上，該基金會宣布Doyne獲得2009年“行動起來獎”10萬美元獎金。A.named宣布（某人為獲獎?wù)撸?；B.gave給予；C.offered提供；D.called稱呼。根據(jù)后文“Doynethe$100,000prizewinnerofthe2009DoSomethingAward”可知Doyne獲得獎金，“namesb.thewinner”是固定表達，意為“宣布某人為獲獎?wù)摺?，符合基金會頒獎的正式場景，故選A項?！?8題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：科皮拉谷兒童之家于2008年正式成立。A.simply僅僅；B.officially正式地；C.frequently頻繁地；D.regularly定期地。根據(jù)后文“openeditsdoors”可知此處指兒童之家正式投入運營，“officially”強調(diào)“正式、合規(guī)”，符合語境，故選B項?！?9題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她還運營著一個項目，為貧困家庭提供獎學(xué)金，讓他們能送孩子上學(xué)。A.runs運營、管理；B.employs雇傭；C.accepts接受；D.sets設(shè)立。結(jié)合后文“providesscholarships”可知，Doyne是項目的管理者，“runs”體現(xiàn)對項目的日常運營，故選A項?！?0題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她還運營著一個項目，為貧困家庭提供獎學(xué)金，讓他們能送孩子上學(xué)。A.wealthy富有的；B.important重要的；C.great偉大的；D.needy貧困的、有需要的。根據(jù)后文“familiestosendtheirchildrentoschool”可知是需要獎學(xué)金支持才能送孩子上學(xué)的家庭，所以是“貧困的”，“needy”符合語境，故選D項?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Doyne承認，她剛到尼泊爾時并沒有把一切都想清楚。A.announces宣布；B.promises承諾；C.admits承認；D.refuses拒絕。根據(jù)后文“Ijustfeltthattherewassomethingthereforme”可知，她當時并無完整規(guī)劃，這是一種坦誠的“承認”，故選C項?！?2題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：Doyne承認，她剛到尼泊爾時并沒有把一切都想清楚。A.putout撲滅；B.setout出發(fā)；C.carriedout執(zhí)行；D.figuredout弄明白、想清楚。根據(jù)后文“Ijustfeltthattherewassomethingthereforme”可知只是感覺，并“沒有完整規(guī)劃”，也就是她當時并未“弄清楚”要做什么，故選D項?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她的父母很支持她。A.doubtful懷疑的；B.satisfied滿意的；C.confident自信的；D.supportive支持的。根據(jù)后文Doyne能順利籌款建兒童之家，可推斷父母給予了支持，“supportive”直接體現(xiàn)“支持的”態(tài)度，故選D項?！?4題詳析】考查連詞短語辨析。句意：盡管要說服其他成年人相信一個18歲的女孩能完成這樣一個大項目是個挑戰(zhàn)，但多因從未放棄籌款。A.Eventhough盡管；B.Aslongas只要；C.Asif好像；D.Incase以防。根據(jù)后文“itwasachallengetopersuadeotheradultsthatan18-year-oldgirlcouldcompletesuchabigproject,Doynenevergaveuponfundraising”可知“說服他人有挑戰(zhàn)”與“不放棄籌款”之間是轉(zhuǎn)折讓步關(guān)系，“Eventhough”引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，符合邏輯，故選A項?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Doyne的故事很好地提醒我們，雖然我們無法獨自解決世界上所有的問題，但我們可以邁出解決一個問題的第一步。A.informer告密者；B.predictor預(yù)測者；C.reminder提醒物、啟示；D.creator創(chuàng)造者。根據(jù)后文“althoughwecannotsolvealltheworld’sproblemsonown,wecantakethefirststepofsolvingoneproblem”可知Doyne的故事傳遞的道理是對人們的“提醒”，讓人們明白“從小事做起”的意義，故選C項。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Youhaveheardabouttea'shealthbenefits,butnotallthenews_____36_____（be）good.Thelateststudy,ledbyFarhadIslami,fromtheAmericanCancerSociety,hasfoundthat_____37_____（drink）toohotteamaydoubleyourriskofesophagus（食道）cancer.Whilepreviousstudieshavefoundalink_____38_____hotdrinksandthistypeofcancer,thisisthefirststudyto_____39_____（accurate）figureoutthetemperatureatwhichahotliquidbecomesrisky.Dr.Islamiandhiscolleaguesfindthattheconstantdamageofstomach_____40_____（cause）byswallowingthehotliquidsmayspeedupthegrowthofcancer.Whilethe_____41_____（result）areunsettling,itmayhelpyoutoknowthatoutofthemorethan49,000teadrinkersin_____42_____study,only317developedesophaguscancer.Inotherwords,theoverallriskisstillsmall.Thestudyhasalsoshowedthatalthoughblackandgreenteashaveantioxidants（抗氧化劑）_____43_____canhelpreducecancerrisk,thereareotherunknowncompounds（化合物）intheteasthatmayhaveaharmfuleffectonyourbodywhenthey_____44_____（make）toohot.Beforedrinkin