1/1考前押題06概要寫(xiě)作題(期末專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練)話(huà)題1社會(huì)與自我話(huà)題4研究與發(fā)現(xiàn)話(huà)題2生活與健康話(huà)題5生態(tài)與自然話(huà)題3學(xué)校與教育話(huà)題6社會(huì)與服務(wù)話(huà)題1社會(huì)與自我Passage1FunctionsofaSpeechTheartofpublicspeakingbeganinancientGreeceover2,000yearsago.Thespokenwordcanhandlevariousvitalfunctions:persuadingorinspiring,informing,payingcompliment,entertaining,orsimplyintroducingsomeoneorsomethingoracceptingsomething.Overthepastyears,thehumanvoicehashelpedguideusovertheupsanddownsofwhatwascertainlyastormytime.Persuasionisusedindealingwithorreunitingdifferentpointsofview.WhentheleadersmetinCopenhageninDecember2009,persuasivewordsfromactivistsencouragedthemtocommitthemselvestofirmeraction.Inspirationalspeecheschallengetheemotions.Theyfocusontopicsandmattersthatareclosetopeople'shearts.Duringwars,generalsusedinspiringspeechestopreparethetroopsforbattle.Aspeechthatconveysknowledgeandenhancesunderstandingcaninformus.Theinformationmustbeclear,accurate,andexpressedinameaningfulandinterestingway.InformativespeechesfromWorldHealthOrganizationofficialshelpedpeopletokeeptheirpanicundercontrolsotheycouldtakesensibleprotection.Sadeventsarenevereasytodealwithbutaspeechthatpaystributetothelossofalovedoneandgivespraisefortheircontributioncanbecomforting.Madonna'sspeechaboutMichaelJackson,afterhisdeath,highlightedthefactthathewillcontinuetoliveonthroughhismusic.It'snotonlyinworldmeetingswherepublicspeakingplaysanimportantrole.Itcanalsobesurprisinglyhelpfulinthecourseofourownlives.Onamorepersonallevel,afriendmaybeupsetandneedcomforting.Oryoumightbeaskedtointroduceaspeakeratafamilyeventortospeakatawedding,whereyourlanguagewillbeneededtomovepeopleormakethemlaugh.Greatspeakingabilityisnotsomethingwe'rebornwith.Forabrilliantspeech,therearerulesthatyoucanputtogooduse.Tolearnthoserulesyouhavetopracticeandlearnfromsomeoutstandingspeechesinthepast.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onnoaccountcanweignorethepowerofthespeech.First,speechesplayaveryimportantroleinpersuadingorinspiringbyencouragingfirmeractionandchallengingtheemotions.Second,notonlydoinformativespeechesconveyknowledgebutalsoenhanceunderstanding.What’smore,amourningspeechcanbecomforting.Onapersonallevel,itishighlyrecommendedthatyouamuseothersandcheerthemupwithaspeech.【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章以“演講的功能”為題，主要介紹了演講的說(shuō)服或激勵(lì)功能，以及告知、贊美、娛樂(lè)，和簡(jiǎn)單地介紹某人或某事以及接受某事的功能。【詳解】1要點(diǎn)摘錄①Thespokenwordcanhandlevariousvitalfunctions:persuadingorinspiring,informing,payingcompliment,entertaining,orsimplyintroducingsomeoneorsomethingoracceptingsomething.②Persuasivewordsfromactivistsencouragedthemtocommitthemselvestofirmeraction.Inspirationalspeecheschallengetheemotions.③Aspeechthatconveysknowledgeandenhancesunderstandingcaninformus.④Aspeechthatpaystributetothelossofalovedoneandgivespraisefortheircontributioncanbecomforting.⑤Apersonalspeechwillbeneededtomovepeopleormakethemlaugh.2.縝密構(gòu)思將1、4、5要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)化重組,2、3要點(diǎn)合并。3.遣詞造句Onnoaccountcanweignorethepowerofthespeech.Speechesplayaveryimportantroleinpersuadingorinspiringbyencouragingfirmeractionandchallengingtheemotions.Notonlydoinformativespeechesconveyknowledgebutalsoenhanceunderstanding.Amourningspeechcanbecomforting.Itishighlyrecommendedthatyouamuseothersandcheerthemupwithapersonalspeech.【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]Onnoaccountcanweignorethepowerofthespeech.運(yùn)用了部分倒裝且概括性強(qiáng)。[高分句型2]：Speechesplayaveryimportantroleinpersuadingorinspiringbyencouragingfirmeractionandchallengingtheemotions.用by+doingsth.作方式狀語(yǔ)。[高分句型3]：Itishighlyrecommendedthatyouamuseothersandcheerthemupwithapersonalspeech.用一個(gè)復(fù)雜的主從復(fù)合句概括倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容。其中that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句、且從句中運(yùn)用了虛擬語(yǔ)氣。Passage2Doyoueverfeellikenomatterhowmuchyoueat,youarestillnotfull?Youmaybesufferingfromaconditionknownas“brainhunger.”Thisoccurswhenthedopaminesignalinginyourbrainisdamaged,makingitdifficultforyourbodytorecognizewhenithashadenoughfood.Whataretheunderlyingcausesofbrainhunger?Geneticscanplayarole.ResearchhasshownthatthedopaminereceptorD4genemayberesponsibleforregulatingcognitivefunctionsrelatedtoeatingbehaviorandbodyweight.Somepeoplehavethisgenevariationthatdoesnotallowforanormaldopaminereleaseinresponsetothingsthattypicallywouldbringjoyandpleasure,includingfood.Thismeansthatthoseindividualswon’tgetthesame“high”feelingtheywouldnormallyexperiencewheneating.Obesityisalsolinkedtobrainhunger.Brainscansofobeseindividualsshowchangesindopaminesignalingpathwayswhichcanleadtolessrecognitionofthefeelingofbeingfullevenafterameal.Whileitisstillunclearwhetherobesityorgeneticsistheprimarycontributortobrainhunger,onethingiscertain:losingweightaloneisnotenoughforthoseaffected.Studiesshowthatcertainareasofthebrainresponsibleforsensingfullnessdonotchangeevenwithweightloss,whichcouldleadtocontinuedhungerandweightregain.So,whatcamefirst:geneticsorobesitythatcausethisbrainsignalingchange?Itispossiblethatifsomeonehasagenetictendencytobeaffectedbythisabnormaldopaminesignaling,anenvironmentaltriggercanstartaseriesofbrainhungerwhichbringsaboutovereating.Itisalsoimportanttopracticemindfuleatingandpayattentiontohungercuestobeginperceivingthefeelingofbeingfull.Brainhungercanbeanuncomfortableandfrustratingcondition,butitispossibletomanagethroughacombinationoftreatments.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Thepassagesummarizestheconceptof“brainhunger”,causedbydamageddopaminesignalinginthebrain.Itexploresgenetic(dopaminereceptorD4gene)andobesity-relatedfactors,notingthatweightlossaloneisinsufficient.Itemphasizestheimportanceof

mindfuleatingandhungercuestosensesatietywithacomprehensivecombinationoftreatmentsformanagement.【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文主要講述“腦饑餓”現(xiàn)象，即因大腦多巴胺信號(hào)受損導(dǎo)致身體難以感知飽腹感。其成因可能涉及遺傳（多巴胺受體D4基因變異）與肥胖，但二者何為首要因素尚不清楚。減肥對(duì)改善腦饑餓效果有限，需綜合治療并注重飲食意識(shí)。【詳解】1要點(diǎn)摘錄①Youmaybesufferingfromaconditionknownas“brainhunger.”Thisoccurswhenthedopaminesignalinginyourbrainisdamaged,makingitdifficultforyourbodytorecognizewhenithashadenoughfood.②Geneticscanplayarole.ResearchhasshownthatthedopaminereceptorD4genemayberesponsibleforregulatingcognitivefunctionsrelatedtoeatingbehaviorandbodyweight.③Whileitisstillunclearwhetherobesityorgeneticsistheprimarycontributortobrainhunger,onethingiscertain:losingweightaloneisnotenoughforthoseaffected.④Itispossiblethatifsomeonehasagenetictendencytobeaffectedbythisabnormaldopaminesignaling,anenvironmentaltriggercanstartaseriesofbrainhungerwhichbringsaboutovereating.Itisalsoimportanttopracticemindfuleatingandpayattentiontohungercuestobeginperceivingthefeelingofbeingfull.2.縝密構(gòu)思將第1、2兩個(gè)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行重組，將第3、4兩個(gè)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行整合。3.遣詞造句Themainfocusofthisarticleisthephenomenonof“brainhunger”,whichoccurswhenthedopaminesignalinginthebrainisdamaged,makingitdifficultforthebodytoperceiveasenseoffullness.Itscausesmayinvolvegenetics(mutationsinthedopaminereceptorD4gene)andobesity,butitisunclearwhichofthetwoistheprimaryfactor.Weightlosshaslimitedeffectivenessinimprovingbrainhunger,andcomprehensivetreatmentalongwithafocusondietaryawarenessisrequired.【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]Thepassagesummarizestheconceptof“brainhunger”,causedbydamageddopaminesignalinginthebrain.運(yùn)用過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)，表達(dá)高級(jí)。[高分句型2]：Itexploresgenetic(dopaminereceptorD4gene)andobesity-relatedfactors,notingthatweightlossaloneisinsufficient.運(yùn)用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)以及that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)，表達(dá)高級(jí)。[高分句型3]：Itemphasizestheimportanceofmindfuleatingandacombinationoftreatmentsformanagement.運(yùn)用了名詞的并列結(jié)構(gòu)以及介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)，表達(dá)高級(jí)。話(huà)題2生活與健康Passage1Thesedaysoursocietydevelopsrapidlyandforcespeopletorush.Itappearsthatpeoplehavegotusedtobeinginahurry.However,itisbetterforpeopletotaketheirtimeandlivetheirlifeataslowerpacethantohurrytogetthingsdone.Themainreasonthatconvincesustoopposedoingworkinahurryisthepossibilityofdoingwrongsinarush.Whenpeopledotheirjobsortakeactionsinahurry,theycannotmakeasounddecisionandprobablyregretlater.Asthesayinggoes,“Hastemakeswaste.”Weshouldthinkcarefullybeforemakingadecisionanddoourworklessquickly.Weshouldnotmakemistakesbydoingworkhurriedly.Slowingdownthepaceoflifehelpspeopleenjoytheirlifebetter.Forexample,takingatraintosomeplacecertainlywilltakemoretimethantakingaplane.However,takingatrainmakespeoplehaveenoughtimetogettoknowalotofnewfriends.Besides,itallowspeopletofullyenjoythebeautifulsceneryalongtheway.Onthecontrary,beinginahurrywillmakeuslosechancesinenjoyingourlife.Finally,slowerlifepaceprovidesbetterhealthyconditionsforus.Asisknowntoall,takingactionsinahurrybotherspeopleandraisestheirstress.Peoplethinkiftheyarenotinahurry,theywillbecomealoserandthatannoysthem.Beinginahurrycanhurtpeoplebothphysicallyandmentally.Accordingtosomestudies,peoplewhohaveaslowerpacesufferfewerdiseases,tendtobehappierandlivemuchlongerthanthosewhoselifeistense,eveniftheformerfinishjobsmoreslowlythanthelatter.Inshort,workingquicklywillbringaboutmorematerialbenefitstomakeoursocietymoreadvanced.However,muchstresscan’tbringenjoyment,friendsandhealth,whicharemuchmoreimportantthanmoneyandothermaterialadvantages.Therefore,takeyourtimeandliveyourlifeataslowerpace._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Tolivelifeataslowerpaceisbetterthantolivelifeinahurrybecausedoingthingshurriedlywillleadtothepossibleofmakingmistakes.Moreover,slowingdownthepaceoflifewillgivepeoplemorechancestoenjoylifeandbetterhealthconditions,whicharemuchmoreimportantthanmaterialthingsworkingquicklybrings.【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文。文章首先提出了觀點(diǎn)，即人們應(yīng)該放慢生活節(jié)奏，而不是急于完成事情。接著，作者通過(guò)列舉三個(gè)主要理由來(lái)支持這一觀點(diǎn)：一是匆忙工作可能導(dǎo)致錯(cuò)誤決策和后悔；二是放慢生活節(jié)奏有助于人們更好地享受生活；三是較慢的生活節(jié)奏為人們提供了更好的健康條件。最后，作者總結(jié)指出，雖然快速工作能帶來(lái)更多的物質(zhì)利益，但壓力無(wú)法帶來(lái)快樂(lè)、朋友和健康，這些比金錢(qián)和其他物質(zhì)優(yōu)勢(shì)更重要。因此，人們應(yīng)該放慢腳步，以較慢的節(jié)奏生活?！驹斀狻?.要點(diǎn)摘錄①However,itisbetterforpeopletotaketheirtimeandlivetheirlifeataslowerpacethantohurrytogetthingsdone.②Weshouldnotmakemistakesbydoingworkhurriedly.③Slowingdownthepaceoflifehelpspeopleenjoytheirlifebetter.④Finally,slowerlifepaceprovidesbetterhealthyconditionsforus.⑤Inshort,workingquicklywillbringaboutmorematerialbenefitstomakeoursocietymoreadvanced.⑥However,muchstresscan’tbringenjoyment,friendsandhealth,whicharemuchmoreimportantthanmoneyandothermaterialadvantages.2.縝密構(gòu)思將第1、2兩個(gè)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行重組整合，將第3、4、5、6兩個(gè)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行整合。3.遣詞造句Tolivelifeataslowerpaceisbetterthantolivelifeinahurrybecausedoingthingshurriedlywillleadtothepossibleofmakingmistakes.Moreover,slowingdownthepaceoflifewillgivepeoplemorechancestoenjoylifeandbetterhealthconditions,whicharemuchmoreimportantthanmaterialthingsworkingquicklybrings.【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]Tolivelifeataslowerpaceisbetterthantolivelifeinahurrybecausedoingthingshurriedlywillleadtothepossibleofmakingmistakes.(運(yùn)用了動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)及because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句)[高分句型2]Moreover,slowingdownthepaceoflifewillgivepeoplemorechancestoenjoylifeandbetterhealthconditions,whicharemuchmoreimportantthanmaterialthingsworkingquicklybrings.(運(yùn)用了動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)及which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句)Passage2Theroleofsiblings(兄弟姐妹)It’scommonknowledgethatthefamilyachildgrowsupinhasahugeinfluenceonthechild’sattitudes,beliefsandmentalhealth.Peopleusuallythinkthatthechild’sparentsareresponsibleforthisinfluence,butrelationshipswithbrothersandsistersarejustasimportant.Siblingsprovidechildrenwithauniqueopportunitytopracticeinteractingwiththeirpeers,ratherthanauthorityfigures.Althoughfriendshipscanhavesimilareffects,relationshipswithsiblingsoffersomeuniqueadvantages.Duringchildhood,siblingsseeeachothereverydayandspendmoretimewitheachotherthanwithanyoneelse,sharingexperiencesthatlastalltheirlives.Siblingsarealsoforcedtopersevereintheirrelationshipswitheachothereveniftheyhaveafallingout.Thisforceschildrentopracticeconflictresolutionskillssincetheycannotleavethefamilialrelationship,astheycouldwithafriend.Butasiblingrelationshipalsooffersasafeplacetodiscussdifficulttopicswithoutfearofabandonment.Moreover,oldersiblingsoftenteachtheiryoungerbrothersandsistersaboutlife.Theycanconveyusefulskillsandadvice,buttheycanalsosetbadexamples,leadingtheiryoungersiblingstodothingsthatarewrongorfoolish.Oncechildrengrowup,theydonotseetheirsiblingsasoftenasbeforesincetheyusuallynolongerlivetogether.Maintainingsiblingrelationshipsnowtakeswork,andifsiblingsdonotgetalong,theycanavoideachother.Butmanysiblingrelationshipsimproveinyoungadulthoodasthesiblingsmature.Sometimesthedistancehelpssiblingsenjoyeachother’scompanywhentheydomeet.Relationshipsbetweensiblingsvarydependingontheagesandpersonalitiesofthechildreninvolved.Eventhebestsiblingrelationshipsinvolvesomedisagreements,butastrongrelationshipcansurvivesuchconflicts.Consideringtheroleofsiblingsthroughoutourlives,it’scriticaltotakethetimetocultivatepositiverelationshipswithsiblings.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Growingupwithsiblingspromotestheabilitytogetalongwithpeers.Siblingsshapeeachother.Inchildhood,theysharelifeunderthesamesaferoof,acquiringconflict-handlingskillstogether,witholdersiblingsoftenguiding.Adultsiblingsmeetless,butrelationshipsoftenimprove.Siblingrelationshipsarediverse,andit'simportanttodevelopapositiveone.(55words)【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。和兄弟姐妹一起長(zhǎng)大可以提高與同齡人相處的能力。兄弟姐妹互相影響。在童年時(shí)期，他們?cè)谕粋€(gè)安全的屋檐下生活，一起學(xué)習(xí)處理沖突的技能，通常由哥哥姐姐指導(dǎo)。成年兄弟姐妹見(jiàn)面較少，但關(guān)系往往會(huì)改善。兄弟姐妹的關(guān)系是多種多樣的，發(fā)展積極的關(guān)系很重要。【詳解】1.要點(diǎn)摘錄①Siblingsprovidechildrenwithauniqueopportunitytopracticeinteractingwiththeirpeers,ratherthanauthorityfigures.②Duringchildhood,siblingsseeeachothereverydayandspendmoretimewitheachotherthanwithanyoneelse,sharingexperiencesthatlastalltheirlives.③Siblingsarealsoforcedtopersevereintheirrelationshipswitheachothereveniftheyhaveafallingout.Thisforceschildrentopracticeconflictresolutionskillssincetheycannotleavethefamilialrelationship,astheycouldwithafriend.Butasiblingrelationshipalsooffersasafeplacetodiscussdifficulttopicswithoutfearofabandonment.Moreover,oldersiblingsoftenteachtheiryoungerbrothersandsistersaboutlife.Theycanconveyusefulskillsandadvice,buttheycanalsosetbadexamples,leadingtheiryoungersiblingstodothingsthatarewrongorfoolish.④Oncechildrengrowup,theydonotseetheirsiblingsasoftenasbeforesincetheyusuallynolongerlivetogether.Maintainingsiblingrelationshipsnowtakeswork,andifsiblingsdonotgetalong,theycanavoideachother.Butmanysiblingrelationshipsimproveinyoungadulthoodasthesiblingsmature.⑤Relationshipsbetweensiblingsvarydependingontheagesandpersonalitiesofthechildreninvolved⑥Consideringtheroleofsiblingsthroughoutourlives,it’scriticaltotakethetimetocultivatepositiverelationshipswithsiblings.2.縝密構(gòu)思將第1個(gè)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行總說(shuō)，將第2、3、4、要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行分說(shuō)，5、6進(jìn)行總結(jié)3.遣詞造句Growingupwithsiblingspromotestheabilitytogetalongwithpeers.Siblingsshapeeachother.Inchildhood,theysharelifeunderthesamesaferoof,acquiringconflict-handlingskillstogether,witholdersiblingsoftenguiding.Adultsiblingsmeetless,butrelationshipsoftenimprove.Siblingrelationshipsarediverse,andit'simportanttodevelopapositiveone【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]Inchildhood,theysharelifeunderthesamesaferoof,acquiringconflict-handlingskillstogether,witholdersiblingsoftenguiding.（運(yùn)用了現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)）[高分句型2]Siblingrelationshipsarediverse,andit’simportanttodevelopapositiveone.（運(yùn)用了it作形式主語(yǔ)，不定式作真正主語(yǔ)）話(huà)題3學(xué)校與教育Passage1LighttheCitiesoftheFutureApreviouslyunlitcyclepathintheNetherlandshasrecentlydrawnourattention.Ithasbeenresurfacedwithamaterialthatconsistsofthousandsofshiningstonesinordertocreateawell-litroute.TheVanGoghPath,socalledaftertheartistwholivedinthetownofNuenenin1883,combinesthetraditionalwiththecontemporaryinagesturethatacknowledgeledgesVanGingh’masterpieceTheStarryNight,butalsoshowsthewayaheadforcitylighting.TheVanGoghPathisnotasinglecase;itisnotdifficulttoforeseeatimewhennaturalmaterialscouldhelplightthecitiesofthefuture.Whyshouldwecareaboutcitylighting?What’swrongwithcurrentelectricalcitylightinganyway?Well,theproblemthatitcausesistwo-fold.First,ofcourse,electricallightinginmostcitiescomesfromnon-renewableresources.AccordingtotheInternationalEnergyAgency,almost20%ofglobalelectricityisconsumedforlighting,whichisresponsibleforhighlevelsofcarbonemissions.Butthere’salsothebeliefthatelectricallightitselfisaformofpollutionbydestroyingourviewofthenightsky.Fromtheabovereasons,then,itseemswisetoinvestigateotherapproaches.ThecityofGlasgowisattemptingtouseintelligentstreetlightingtomonitorhowcitizensinteractwiththeurbanlandscapeandminimizeelectricalconsumptionandthusemissions.This“SmartCityapproach”isseenbymanyasthewayofthefuture,butsomedesignersaren’tconvinced.Theyarepioneeringthealtogethermoreoriginalapproachofusingmaterialsfromthenaturalworldinordertoreplaceelectricallightentirely.Theybelievethatthisnew“technology”canonedaycompletelyreplacemicrochipsanddigitalsystemsaswefindbetterwaysofmakinguseofthelight-producingmechanisms(制)thatalreadyexistinthenaturalworld.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】ThepassagediscussestheinnovationincitylightingbyintroducingtheVanGoghPathintheNetherlands,whichusesluminousstonesforillumination.Ithighlightstheenvironmentalandaestheticissueswithcurrentelectricallightingandexploresalternativessuchasintelligentstreetlightingandnaturalmaterialstocreateamoresustainableandvisuallyappealingurbanenvironment.【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文。文章首先介紹了荷蘭一條新鋪設(shè)的發(fā)光自行車(chē)道——梵高之路，它使用了數(shù)千顆發(fā)光石來(lái)照明，以此引出城市照明的未來(lái)趨勢(shì)。接著，文章討論了當(dāng)前城市照明存在的問(wèn)題，包括能源消耗和光污染，并提出了智能街道照明和利用自然材料作為替代方案。最后，文章展望了這些新技術(shù)可能完全取代現(xiàn)有微芯片和數(shù)字系統(tǒng)的未來(lái)。【詳解】1要點(diǎn)摘錄①TheVanGoghPathintheNetherlandshasbeenresurfacedwithluminousstonestocreateawell-litroute.②Electricallightinginmostcitiescomesfromnon-renewableresourcesandcontributestohighlevelsofcarbonemissions.③Electricallightisconsideredaformofpollutionthatdestroysourviewofthenightsky.④Alternativessuchasintelligentstreetlightingandnaturalmaterialsarebeingexploredtocreateamoresustainableurbanenvironment.2.縝密構(gòu)思將第①要點(diǎn)作為引入，第②和第③要點(diǎn)整合討論現(xiàn)有城市照明的問(wèn)題，第④要點(diǎn)作為解決方案和未來(lái)展望。3.遣詞造句TheVanGoghPath,aluminouscyclepathintheNetherlands,representsaninnovativeapproachtocitylighting.Currentelectricalcitylightingisproblematicduetoitsrelianceonnon-renewableresourcesandthepollutionitcauses.Alternativeslikeintelligentstreetlightingandtheuseofnaturalmaterialsarebeingconsideredforamoresustainableandvisuallypleasingurbanenvironment.【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]ThepassagediscussestheinnovationincitylightingbyintroducingtheVanGoghPathintheNetherlands,whichusesluminousstonesforillumination.運(yùn)用了which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)第一段進(jìn)行了總結(jié)。其中prep+doing的表達(dá)非常實(shí)用。[高分句型2]Ithighlightstheenvironmentalandaestheticissueswithcurrentelectricallightingandexploresalternativessuchasintelligentstreetlightingandnaturalmaterialstocreateamoresustainableandvisuallyappealingurbanenvironment.運(yùn)用了suchas作狀語(yǔ)對(duì)第二段和第三段進(jìn)行了總結(jié)。其中遣詞造句非常高級(jí)。Passage2Dumbphones(非智能手機(jī))aremakingacomebackItishardtoimaginelifewithoutasmartphonethesedays.NineintenAmericanadultsownone,andtheyspend3hoursand45minutesonthemaday,onaverage.Newversionsupdatedwithartificialintelligencemaybeevenhardertoputdown.Yetamarketisalsogrowingforphonesthataresimple-designed.Thesedumbphonesaccountforjust2%ofphonesalesinAmerica.Butdemandisgrowing.In2016,aFinnishfirmboughttherightstorelaunchthedevicesofNokia,whichisnowselling“tensofthousands”offlip-phones(翻蓋式手機(jī))amonthinAmerica.Dumbphonestodaydonotonlycopythoseofthepast,though.Startupsoffersimple-designeddevicesoftheirown.OneexampleistheLightPhone,whichisshapedlikeaniPodandhasane-inkscreenlikeaKindle.Italsoallowsuserstoaddoptional“tools”includingapodcast-playerandadirectionsapp.Whatexplainsthereturnofthedumbphone?Onefactorisanxietyovertheimpactofsmartphones—andsocial-mediaappsinparticular—onyoungpeople’smentalhealth.ThatiswhyEton,awell-knownBritishschool,announcedinJulythatitwouldbaritsfutureprimeministersfrombringingsmartphonestoschool,andwouldprovidethemwithNokiaphonesinstead.Butplentyofgrownupsarealsochoosingdumbphonesoftheirownfreewill.JoseBriones,whohostsaconferencefocusedondumbphonesonReddit,asocial-mediasite,switchedtotheLightPhoneaftergrowingalarmedathisrisingscreen-timerecord.Likemanynewcomers,hestillkeepsasmartphoneforsituationssuchastravellingabroad.Othersmartphoneaddictsareinsteadchoosingtosimplifytheirdevices,eitherbydeletingappsordownloadingonesthatcontrolscreentime,ofwhichthereareagrowingnumber.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Non-smartphonesareregainingpopularity.Althoughsmartphonesareprevalent,thedemandfornon-smartphonesisgrowing,withbothre-launchedoldmodelsandnewdesigns.Onefactorisanxietyaboutsmartphoneimpactsonyoungpeople’smentalhealth.Theotherfactoristhatplentyofgrownupsarealsochoosingdumbphonesoftheirownfreewill.【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。非智能手機(jī)正重新流行。盡管智能手機(jī)普及，但非智能手機(jī)需求在增長(zhǎng)，不僅有復(fù)刻款，還有新創(chuàng)品牌。其回歸原因包括對(duì)智能手機(jī)危害的擔(dān)憂(yōu)，以及年輕人和成年人都有選擇非智能手機(jī)的情況?！驹斀狻?.要點(diǎn)摘錄①Dumbphones(非智能手機(jī))aremakingacomeback②Itishardtoimaginelifewithoutasmartphonethesedays.③Butdemandisgrowing.④Dumbphonestodaydonotonlycopythoseofthepast,though.Startupsoffersimple-designeddevicesoftheirown.⑤Onefactorisanxietyovertheimpactofsmartphones—andsocial-mediaappsinparticular—onyoungpeople’smentalhealth.⑥Butplentyofgrownupsarealsochoosingdumbphonesoftheirownfreewill.2.縝密構(gòu)思將第2、3、4三個(gè)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行重組，將第5、6兩個(gè)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行重寫(xiě)。3.遣詞造句DumbphonesaremakingacomebackDespiteprevalenceofsmartphones,thedemandfornon-smartphonesisgrowing,withbothre-launchedoldmodelsandnewdesigns.Onefactorisanxietyaboutsmartphoneinfluencesonyoungpeople’smentalhealth.Theotherreasonisthatmanygrownupsarealsochoosingdumbphonesoftheirownfreewill.【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]Althoughsmartphonesareprevalent,thedemandfornon-smartphonesisgrowing,withbothre-launchedoldmodelsandnewdesigns.(運(yùn)用although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句對(duì)第一段和第二段進(jìn)行總結(jié)，表達(dá)高級(jí))[高分句型2]Theotherfactoristhatplentyofgrownupsarealsochoosingdumbphonesoftheirownfreewill.(用that引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句對(duì)最后一段進(jìn)行概括，表達(dá)高級(jí))話(huà)題4研究與發(fā)現(xiàn)Passage1PreventingResistanceThedevelopmentofdrug-resistantpathogens(病原體)canbepreventedinatleastthreeways.First,sufficientlyhighconcentrationsofthedrugcanbemaintainedinapatient’sbodyforalongenoughtimetokillallsensitivecellsandholdotherslongenoughforthebody’sdefensestodefeatthem.Discontinuingadrugbeforeallofthepathogenshavebeenneutralized