博士研究生入學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)試卷考試時(shí)長(zhǎng)：120分鐘滿分：100分班級(jí)：__________姓名：__________學(xué)號(hào)：__________得分：__________試卷名稱：博士研究生入學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)試卷考核對(duì)象：申請(qǐng)攻讀博士學(xué)位的考生題型分值分布：-判斷題（總共10題，每題2分）總分20分-單選題（總共10題，每題2分）總分20分-多選題（總共10題，每題2分）總分20分-案例分析（總共3題，每題6分）總分18分-論述題（總共2題，每題11分）總分22分總分：100分---一、判斷題（每題2分，共20分）1.Thepassivevoiceshouldalwaysbeavoidedinacademicwriting.2.Theterm"etymology"referstothestudyoftheoriginofwords.3.Informalessays,theuseoffirst-personpronouns(e.g.,"I")isstrictlyprohibited.4.TheAPAcitationstyleiscommonlyusedinthehumanitiesandsocialsciences.5.Thesubjunctivemoodisfrequentlyemployedinbusinesscorrespondence.6.Theterm"paradigmshift"isoftenassociatedwithscientificrevolutions.7.Theuseofidiomaticexpressionsisgenerallydiscouragedinacademicpapers.8.Theterm"plagiarism"referstotheunauthorizeduseofanother'swork.9.TheMLAcitationstyleisprimarilyusedinliteratureandlanguagestudies.10.Theterm"hypothesis"denotesaproposedexplanationforaphenomenon.二、單選題（每題2分，共20分）1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTacommonfeatureofacademicwriting?A.ComplexityoflanguageB.ConcisenessC.PersonalopinionsD.Logicalstructure2.Theterm"cogent"isclosestinmeaningto:A.VagueB.CompellingC.InaccurateD.Irrelevant3.Whichofthefollowingisakeycharacteristicofthepassivevoice?A.Itemphasizesthesubjectperformingtheaction.B.Itoftenobscurestheagentoftheaction.C.Itisprimarilyusedininformalcommunication.D.Itisexclusivelyusedinscientificwriting.4.Theterm"mythology"refersto:A.Thestudyofreligiousbeliefs.B.Thecreationoffictionalstories.C.Thesystematiccollectionofmyths.D.Theanalysisofhistoricalevents.5.Whichofthefollowingisacommonerrorinacademicwriting?A.Usingactivevoice.B.Providingexcessiveevidence.C.Ignoringtheaudience'sperspective.D.Citingsourcesproperly.6.Theterm"dialect"refersto:A.Aregionalvarietyofalanguage.B.Aformalstyleofspeech.C.Anon-standardformoflanguage.D.Awrittenlanguage.7.Whichofthefollowingisaprimarypurposeoftheabstractinacademicpapers?A.Toprovidedetailedmethodology.B.Tosummarizethekeyfindings.C.Tointroducetheauthors'personalbackgrounds.D.Tocritiqueexistingliterature.8.Theterm"semantics"isrelatedto:A.Thestudyofsoundsinlanguage.B.Thestudyofmeaninginlanguage.C.Thestudyofgrammarrules.D.Thestudyofwritingstyles.9.Whichofthefollowingisacharacteristicofthesubjunctivemood?A.Itisusedforfactualstatements.B.Itisusedforhypotheticalsituations.C.Itisexclusivelyusedinspokenlanguage.D.Itisprimarilyusedinpoeticwriting.10.Theterm"epistemology"refersto:A.Thestudyofknowledge.B.Thestudyofethics.C.Thestudyofpolitics.D.Thestudyofhistory.三、多選題（每題2分，共20分）1.Whichofthefollowingarecommonchallengesinacademicwriting?A.Propercitationofsources.B.Maintainingclarityandcoherence.C.Avoidingplagiarism.D.Usingcomplexvocabularyexcessively.2.Thefollowingareexamplesofformalacademicwriting:A.Scientificjournalarticles.B.Businessreports.C.Personalessays.D.Thesesanddissertations.3.Thefollowingarecommonfeaturesofthepassivevoice:A.Itshiftsfocusfromthesubjecttotheobject.B.Itisoftenusedinpassiveconstructions.C.Itisprimarilyusedinactivevoice.D.Itislesscommoninspokenlanguage.4.Thefollowingarecommonusesofthesubjunctivemood:A.Inconditionalsentences.B.Inwishes.C.Insuggestions.D.Infactualstatements.5.Thefollowingarecommoncitationstylesinacademicwriting:A.APA.B.MLA.C.Chicago.D.Harvard.6.Thefollowingarecommonerrorsinacademicwriting:A.Usingcolloquiallanguage.B.Providinginsufficientevidence.C.Usingpassivevoiceexcessively.D.Citingsourcesincorrectly.7.Thefollowingarecommonfeaturesofacademicwriting:A.Logicalstructure.B.Conciseness.C.Personalopinions.D.Propercitation.8.Thefollowingarecommonusesofidiomaticexpressionsinacademicwriting:A.Toenhanceclarity.B.Toaddhumor.C.Toimproveflow.D.Toavoidambiguity.9.Thefollowingarecommonchallengesinunderstandingacademictexts:A.Complexvocabulary.B.Jargon.C.Passiveconstructions.D.Propercitation.10.Thefollowingarecommonusesoftheabstractinacademicpapers:A.Toprovideanoverviewoftheresearch.B.Tohighlightkeyfindings.C.Tointroducetheauthors'personalbackgrounds.D.Tocritiqueexistingliterature.四、案例分析（每題6分，共18分）1.CaseStudy:Aresearcheriswritingapaperonclimatechangeandincludesthefollowingsentence:"Theincreaseinglobaltemperaturesiscausedbyhumanactivities."Evaluatethesentenceintermsofacademicwritingconventions.Provideatleastthreespecificrecommendationsforimprovingthesentence.2.CaseStudy:Astudentiswritingaliteraturereviewandincludesthefollowingsentence:"Manyscholarsarguethatsocialmediahasanegativeimpactonmentalhealth."Evaluatethesentenceintermsofacademicwritingconventions.Provideatleastthreespecificrecommendationsforimprovingthesentence.3.CaseStudy:Aresearcheriswritingapaperandincludesthefollowingsentence:"Iftheexperimentwereconducteddifferently,theresultsmighthavebeendifferent."Evaluatethesentenceintermsofacademicwritingconventions.Provideatleastthreespecificrecommendationsforimprovingthesentence.五、論述題（每題11分，共22分）1.Discusstheimportanceofpropercitationinacademicwriting.Provideatleastthreespecificexamplesofhowpropercitationcanenhancethecredibilityofaresearchpaper.2.Discusstheroleofthesubjunctivemoodinacademicwriting.Provideatleastthreespecificexamplesofhowthesubjunctivemoodcanbeusedeffectivelyinacademictexts.---標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案及解析一、判斷題1.×(Thepassivevoicecanbeusefulinacademicwritingwhentheagentisunknownorirrelevant.)2.√3.×(First-personpronounscanbeusedinsomeacademicdisciplines,suchasthehumanities.)4.√5.×(Thesubjunctivemoodisrarelyusedinbusinesscorrespondence.)6.√7.×(Idiomaticexpressionscanbeusedoccasionallytoenhanceclarity,buttheyshouldbeusedsparingly.)8.√9.√10.√二、單選題1.C2.B3.B4.C5.C6.A7.B8.B9.B10.A三、多選題1.A,B,C2.A,B,D3.A,B,D4.A,B,C5.A,B,C,D6.A,B,C,D7.A,B,D8.A,C,D9.A,B,C10.A,B四、案例分析1.CaseStudy:-Evaluation:Thesentenceisgrammaticallycorrectbutlacksspecificity.Itdoesnotprovideevidenceorcontext.-Recommendations:1.Includespecificdata(e.g.,"Theaverageglobaltemperaturehasincreasedby1.2°Csincepre-industrialtimes.").2.Specifyhumanactivities(e.g.,"Theincreaseisprimarilyduetotheburningoffossilfuels.").3.Citeasource(e.g.,"AccordingtotheIPCC,humanactivitiesarethedominantcauseofglobalwarming.").2.CaseStudy:-Evaluation:Thesentenceisgrammaticallycorrectbutlacksspecificity.Itdoesnotprovideevidenceorcontext.-Recommendations:1.Includespecificstudiesordata(e.g.,"A2020studybySmithfoundthatexcessivesocialmediauseislinkedtoincreasedanxiety.").2.Specifythetypeofimpact(e.g.,"Manyscholarsarguethatsocialmediahasanegativeimpactonmentalhealth,suchasincreaseddepression.").3.Citeasource(e.g.,"AccordingtoJohnson(2020),socialmediauseisassociatedwithhigherratesofdepression.").3.CaseStudy:-Evaluation:Thesentenceisgrammaticallycorrectbutusesthesubjunctivemoodinappropriately.-Recommendations:1.Changethesentencetoactivevoice(e.g.,"Iftheexperimenthadbeenconducteddifferently,theresultsmighthavebeendifferent.").2.Providecontextforthehypotheticalsituation(e.g.,"Iftheexperimenthadusedadifferentsamplesize,theresultsmighthavebeenmoresignificant.").3.Citeasource(e.g.,"AccordingtoSmith(2020),thesamplesizesignificantlyaffectstheresultsofexperiments.").五、論述題1.Discusstheimportanceofpropercitationinacademicwriting.Provideatleastthreespecificexamplesofhowpropercitationcanenhancethecredibilityofaresearchpaper.-Propercitationisessentialinacademicwritingbecauseitallo