項(xiàng)目二：工業(yè)濃硝酸質(zhì)量分析任務(wù)一：液體樣品采樣方法液體樣品采樣工具和采樣方法課程：工業(yè)分析中文Scenario2:QualityanalysisofindustrialconcentratednitricacidTask1:SamplingmethodforliquidsamplesSamplingtoolsandmethodsforliquidsamplesCourse:IndustrialAnalysisEglish液態(tài)物料具有流動(dòng)性，組成比較均勻，易采得均勻樣品。液態(tài)物料一般裝在容器中貯存和運(yùn)輸取樣前根據(jù)容器情況和物料特性選擇采樣工具與采樣方法中文Liquidmaterialshavefluidity,arelativelyuniformcomposition,andareeasytoobtainuniformsamples。LiquidmaterialsaregenerallystoredandtransportedincontainersSelectsamplingtoolsandmethodsbasedoncontainerconditionsandmaterialcharacteristicsbeforesamplingEglish一、液體樣品采樣工具1、采樣勺適合于表面樣品的采集，材質(zhì)有塑料、不銹鋼、黃銅等，根據(jù)樣品性質(zhì)選擇相應(yīng)材質(zhì)采樣勺。中文一、Samplingtoolsforliquidsamples1、SamplingspoonThesamplingspoonissuitableforcollectingsurfacesamples,withmaterialssuchasplastic,stainlesssteel,brass,etc.Whensampling,selectthecorrespondingmaterialofthesamplingspoonaccordingtothenatureofthesample.Multiplespecificationsincluding5mLEglish2、采樣瓶和采樣罐可用于任意深度液體試樣采集，材質(zhì)有不銹鋼、黃銅、有機(jī)玻璃等，根據(jù)樣品性質(zhì)選擇相應(yīng)材質(zhì)。中文2、Samplingbottleandsamplingtank

Samplingbottlesandcanscanbeusedforcollectingliquidsamplesatanydepth,andtheirmaterialsincludestainlesssteel,brass,organicglass,etc.

Thecorrespondingmaterialsareselectedaccordingtothepropertiesofthesamples.Eglish3、采樣管抽拉式采樣管，泛應(yīng)用于藥品、食品、化妝品、化工等行業(yè)粘稠液體浸膏、乳化液、乳膏、洗發(fā)液、油類等的取樣，材質(zhì)有不銹鋼和玻璃。中文3、SamplingtubeThepull-outsamplingtubeiswidelyusedforsamplingviscousliquidointments,emulsions,creams,shampoos,oils,etc.inindustriessuchaspharmaceuticals,food,cosmetics,andchemicals.Thematerialsusedincludestainlesssteelandglass.Eglish二、采樣方法1、一般液體樣品采集小貯存器中樣品小瓶裝

按取樣數(shù)隨機(jī)抽取幾瓶，每瓶倒出等量液體混勻大瓶或小桶裝

攪拌混勻后用采樣管采樣大桶裝

攪拌混勻后用采樣管采樣，或不攪拌采部位樣品混勻中文二、Samplingmethod1、Samplingofgeneralliquidsamples(1)SampleinsmallstoragecontainerSmallbottlepackaging

Randomlyselectseveralbottlesaccordingtothenumberofsamples,pouroutanequalamountofliquidfromeachbottleandmixwellLargebottleorsmallbarrelpackaging

Afterstirringandmixing,useasamplingtubetorandomlysampleLargebarrelpackaging

Afterstirringandmixing,useasamplingtubeforsampling,ormixthecollectedsampleswithoutstirringEglish大貯存器中樣品臥式貯罐一般按比例采上、中、下部位樣品，混合后作為測(cè)試樣品。槽車用采樣瓶采上中下部位樣品，等比例混勻立式貯罐一般按比例采上、中、下部位樣品，混合后作為測(cè)試樣品。船艙用采樣瓶從排料口取樣從頂部取上中下部位樣品混勻作最終樣品中文(2)Samplingofsamplesinlargestoragetanks

VerticalstoragetankandhorizontalstoragetankGenerally,upper,middle,andlowersamplesarecollectedinproportionandmixedastestsamples.

CabinTakeasamplefromthedischargeportusingasamplingbottleTakesamplesfromthetop,middle,andbottompartsMixwelltomakethefinalsample

tankcarUseasamplingbottletocollectsamplesfromtheupper,middle,andlowerparts,andmixthemevenlyinequalproportionsEglish從輸送管道采樣

自動(dòng)管線采樣器采樣探頭采樣管道出口端采樣：出口端放一容器，周期性采樣中文SamplingfromtheconveyingpipelineUsinganautomaticpipelinesamplerforsamplingSamplingwithaprobeSamplingattheoutletofthepipeline:PlaceacontainerattheoutletandsampleatacertainperiodEglish2、特殊性質(zhì)液體樣品采集在制造廠的最終容器中采樣：用采樣管或勺取部位樣品混勻即可在制造廠產(chǎn)品裝桶時(shí)采樣：按規(guī)律從放料口采樣混勻即可在交貨容器中采樣：混勻樣品后用采樣管或勺取部位樣品混勻即可粘稠液體的采樣中文2、SamplingofliquidsampleswithspecialpropertiesSamplinginthefinalcontainerofthemanufacturingplant:UseasamplingtubeorspoontotakethesampleandmixwellSamplingduringproductbarrelloadinginthemanufacturingplant:SampleandmixevenlyfromthedischargeportaccordingtothepatternSamplinginthedeliverycontainer:Aftermixingthesample,useasamplingtubeorspoontotakethesampleandmixitwellSamplingofviscousliquidsEglish液化氣體的采樣注意采樣點(diǎn)的布置能保證采得有代表性的樣品，如不能可制定協(xié)議規(guī)定采樣方法和采樣點(diǎn)稍加熱即成為流動(dòng)態(tài)的化工產(chǎn)品在樣品呈液態(tài)時(shí)用采樣勺或采樣管采樣，可在廠家交貨罐裝時(shí)采樣，也可將固化后的樣品熔化后取樣中文SamplingofliquefiedgasesPayattentiontothelayoutofsamplingpointstoensurethecollectionofrepresentativesamples.Ifnotpossible,aprotocolcanbeestablishedtospecifythesamplingmethodandsamplingpointsChemicalproductsthatbecomeaflowingstateuponslightheatingWhenthesampleisinliquidform,useasamplingspoonorsamplingtubetotakesamples.Samplescanbetakenwhenthemanufacturerdeliversthecontainer,oraftermeltingthesolidifiedsample,samplescanbetakenEglish三、采樣注意事項(xiàng)樣品容器必須潔凈、干燥、嚴(yán)密采樣設(shè)備必修清潔、干燥，不能用與被采取物料起化學(xué)作用得材料制造采樣過程中防止被采取物料受到環(huán)境污染和變質(zhì)取樣者必須熟悉被采取產(chǎn)品的特性、安全操作的有關(guān)知識(shí)及處理方法中文三、PrecautionsduringsamplingThesamplecontainermustbeclean,dry,andtightSamplingequipmentmustbecleananddry,andcannotbemanufacturedwithmaterialsthathaveachemicalreactionwiththematerialbeingtakenPreventenvironmentalpollutionanddeteriorationofmaterialstakenduringthesamplingprocessThesamplermustbefamiliarwiththecharacteristicsoftheproductbeingtaken,relevantknowledgeofsafeoperation,andhandlingmethodsEglish項(xiàng)目二：工業(yè)濃硝酸質(zhì)量分析任務(wù)一：液體樣品采樣方法采樣的目的、要求和基本術(shù)語課程：工業(yè)分析中文Scenario2:QualityanalysisofindustrialconcentratednitricacidTask1:SamplingmethodforliquidsamplesThepurpose,requirements,andbasicterminologyofsamplingCourse:IndustrialAnalysisEglish

工業(yè)分析的任務(wù)是從大批物料中確定某種或某些組分的平均質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)。工業(yè)分析測(cè)定步驟：采樣、制樣、分解樣品、消除干擾、方法的選擇、結(jié)果的計(jì)算和數(shù)據(jù)的評(píng)價(jià)。中文

Thetaskofindustrialanalysisistodeterminetheaveragemassfractionofacertainorcertaincomponentfromalargenumberofmaterials.

Industrialanalysisandmeasurementsteps:sampling,samplepreparation,sampledecomposition,interferenceelimination,methodselection,resultcalculation,anddataevaluation.theobtainedsamplesmustberepresentativeEglish一、采樣的基本術(shù)語1、采樣單元：具有界限的一定數(shù)量物料，其界限可能是有形的也可能是無形的。2、子樣（份樣）：用采樣器從一個(gè)采樣單元中一次取得的一定量物料。3、樣品：從數(shù)量較大的采樣單元中取得的一個(gè)或幾個(gè)采樣單元，或從一個(gè)采樣單元中取得的一份或幾個(gè)子樣。4、原始平均試樣：合并所有采取的子樣中文一、Basicterminologyofsampling1.Samplingunit:Acertainquantityofmaterialwithboundaries,whoseboundariesmaybetangibleorintangible.2.Subsample:Acertainamountofmaterialobtainedatoncefromasamplingunitusingasampler.3.Sample:Oneorseveralsamplingunitsobtainedfromalargenumberofsamplingunits,oroneorseveralsubsamplesobtainedfromasinglesamplingunit.4.Originalaveragesample:ThesampleobtainedbycombiningallthesubsamplestakenEglish5、分析化驗(yàn)單位：應(yīng)采取一個(gè)原始平均試樣的物料的總量。6、實(shí)驗(yàn)室樣品：為送往實(shí)驗(yàn)室供檢驗(yàn)或測(cè)試而制備的樣品。7、備考樣品：與實(shí)驗(yàn)室樣品同時(shí)同樣制備的樣品，在有爭(zhēng)議時(shí)，它可為有關(guān)方面接受用作實(shí)驗(yàn)室樣品。8、部位樣品：從物料的特定部位或在物料流的特定部位和時(shí)間取得的一定數(shù)量或大小的樣品。9、表面樣品：在物料表面取得的樣品，以獲得關(guān)于此物料表面的資料。中文5.Analysisandtestingunit:Thetotalamountofmaterialinanoriginalaveragesampleshouldbetaken.6.Laboratorysample:Asamplepreparedforsendingtothelaboratoryforinspectionortesting.7.Preparationsample:Asamplepreparedsimultaneouslywithalaboratorysample,whichcanbeacceptedbyrelevantpartiesasalaboratorysampleincaseofdispute.8.Partsamples:Acertainquantityorsizeofsamplesobtainedfromaspecificpartofamaterialorataspecificpartandtimeinthematerialflow.9.Surfacesample:Asampleobtainedonthesurfaceofamaterialtoobtaininformationaboutitssurface.Eglish二、采樣要求

采取有代表性的實(shí)驗(yàn)室樣品時(shí)，應(yīng)根據(jù)物料的堆放情況及顆粒大小，從不同部位和深度選取多個(gè)采樣點(diǎn)，采取一定量的樣品，混合均勻。采取的份數(shù)越多越有代表性。但是采樣量過大，會(huì)給后面的制樣帶來麻煩。中文二、Samplingrequirements

Whentakingrepresentativelaboratorysamples,multiplesamplingpointsshouldbeselectedfromdifferentpartsanddepthsbasedonthestackingsituationandparticlesizeofthematerials.Acertainamountofsamplesshouldbetakenandmixedevenly.Themorecopiestaken,themorerepresentativetheyare.Butifthesamplingamountistoolarge,itwillcausetroubleforthesubsequentsamplepreparation.Eglish1、采樣原則中文1、SamplingprinciplesUnevenmaterials:generalrandomsamplingUniformmaterial:canbesampledfromanypartSamplingprinciplesUniformmaterialreferstotheaveragevalueofthecharacteristicsofeachpartofthematerialwithinthemeasurementerrorrangeUnevenmaterialreferstotheaveragevalueofthecharacteristicsofeachpartofthematerialthatisnotwithinthemeasurementerrorrangeEglish2、采樣量采樣的數(shù)量一式三份供檢驗(yàn)、復(fù)檢和備查用滿足3次檢驗(yàn)需要量中文2、SamplingamountThreecopiesofthesamplingquantityareprovidedforinspection,retesting,andreferencepurposesSamplingsteps:DeterminethenumberofsamplingunitssampleineachunitDeterminationofthenumberofsamplingunitsn(Nisthetotalnumberofpieces):Whenthenumberofunits>500,

Whenthenumberofunitsislessthan500,takesamplesaccordingtothespecifiednumberofpiecesEglish中文OverallmaterialunitOverallmaterialunitMinimumunitsselectedMinimumunitsselectedTotalunitsRegulationsonthenumberofsamplingunitsEglish三、采樣記錄書寫

采樣時(shí)，要認(rèn)真填寫采樣記錄，寫明樣品的生產(chǎn)日期、批號(hào)、采樣條件、方法、數(shù)量、包裝情況等。外地調(diào)入的食品還應(yīng)結(jié)合運(yùn)貨單、商檢機(jī)關(guān)和衛(wèi)生部門的化驗(yàn)單、廠方化驗(yàn)單等，了解起運(yùn)日期、來源地點(diǎn)、數(shù)量、品質(zhì)及包裝情況。同時(shí)注意其運(yùn)輸及保管條件，并填寫檢驗(yàn)?zāi)康?、?xiàng)目及采樣人。中文三、Writingmethodforsamplingrecords

Whensampling,itisnecessarytocarefullyfillinthesamplingrecord,statingtheproductiondate,batchnumber,samplingconditions,method,quantity,packagingsituation,etc.ofthesample.Thefoodtransferredfromotherplacesshouldalsobecombinedwiththewaybill,inspectionandhealthdepartment'stestreport,factory'stestreport,etc.tounderstandthedateofshipment,placeoforigin,quantity,quality,andpackagingsituation.Atthesametime,payattentiontothetransportationandstorageconditionsofthesamples,andfillintheinspectionpurpose,items,andsampler.Eglish項(xiàng)目二：工業(yè)濃硝酸質(zhì)量分析任務(wù)二：硝酸性質(zhì)及取樣方法硝酸性質(zhì)、生產(chǎn)工藝及安瓿球取樣方法課程：工業(yè)分析中文Scenario2:QualityanalysisofindustrialconcentratednitricacidTask2:PropertiesofnitricacidandsamplingmethodNitricacidproperties,productionprocess,andampouleballsamplingmethodCourse:IndustrialAnalysisEglish一、硝酸的物理性質(zhì)顏色：氣味：狀態(tài)：密度：揮發(fā)性：溶解性：純硝酸無色有刺激性氣味液體1.50g／cm3易揮發(fā)與水以任意比例互溶為什么有色？中文一、ThephysicalpropertiesofnitricacidColor:Odor:Status:Density:Volatility:Solubility:PurenitricacidcolourlessHasapungentodorliquid1.50

g/cm3volatileSolublewithwaterinanyproportionWhycolored?ConcentratednitricacidEglish常見硝酸的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)約為69%，98%以上的硝酸為“發(fā)煙”硝酸，硝酸越濃越易分解。1、不穩(wěn)定，易分解4HNO3光或加熱（條件）=2H2O+O2↑+4NO2↑（黃色）啟迪思考：如何保存硝酸棕色試劑瓶、暗處、低溫中文Themassfractionofcommonnitricacidisabout69%,andnitricacidwithacontentofover98%iscalled"smoky"nitricacid.Thehighertheconcentrationofnitricacid,theeasieritistodecompose.1、Unstableandeasilydecomposable4HNO3=2H2O+O2↑+4NO2↑（Yellow）Thinking:HowtopreservenitricacidBrownreagentbottle,darkplace,lowtemperature

Lightorheating(condition)Eglish在搶險(xiǎn)過程中，運(yùn)來的石灰石有什么作用？2、硝酸具有強(qiáng)酸性CaCO3

+

2HNO3

=

Ca(NO3)2

+

H2O

+

CO2↑3、硝酸具有強(qiáng)氧化性中文Whatistheroleofthelimestonetransportedduringtherescueprocess？2、NitricacidhasstrongacidityCaCO3

+

2HNO3

=

Ca(NO3)2

+

H2O

+

CO2↑3、NitricacidhasstrongoxidizingpropertiesEglish硝酸具有強(qiáng)的氧化性，幾乎可以氧化所有金屬（金、鉑除外）。Cu+4HNO3（濃）=Cu(NO3)2+2NO2↑+2H2O

3Cu+8HNO3（稀）=3Cu(NO3)2+2NO↑+4H2O例硝酸與金屬反應(yīng)不放出氫氣濃硝酸被還原成NO2，稀硝酸被還原成NO，二、硝酸的化學(xué)性質(zhì)中文Nitricacidhasstrongoxidizingpropertiesandcanoxidizealmostallmetals(exceptgoldandplatinum).Cu+4HNO3（concentrated）=Cu(NO3)2+2NO2↑+2H2O

3Cu+8HNO3（dilute）=3Cu(NO3)2+2NO↑+4H2OExampleNitricacidreactswithmetalswithoutreleasinghydrogengasConcentratednitricacidisreducedtoNO2,whiledilutenitricacidisreducedtoNO二、ThechemicalpropertiesofnitricacidReactwithmetalsEglish常溫下，濃硝酸與鐵、鋁發(fā)生反應(yīng)嗎？鐵、鋁遇冷濃HNO3發(fā)生鈍化，其原因是在鐵、鋁表面氧化生成一層致密的氧化膜，阻止反應(yīng)進(jìn)一步發(fā)生。可以用鋁制或鐵制容器裝濃硝酸中文Doesconcentratednitricacidreactwithironandaluminumatroomtemperature?IronandaluminumundergopassivationreactionswhenencounteringcoldandconcentratedHNO3.Thereasonforthisisthatadenseoxidefilmisformedonthesurfaceofironandaluminum,whichpreventsfurtherreactionfromoccurring.ConcentratednitricacidcanbestoredinaluminumorironcontainersReactwithmetalsEglish濃硝酸與非金屬反應(yīng)（C、S、P)，一般將非金屬氧化為最高價(jià)氧化物或最高價(jià)含氧酸；自身被還原為NO24HNO3（濃）+C=CO2+4NO2+2H2O

與還原性物質(zhì)濃硝酸能將含S2-、SO32-、Fe2+、I-等的化合物氧化。中文Concentratednitricacidreactswithnon-metals(C,S,P),generallyoxidizingnon-metalstothehighestvalenceoxideorhighestvalenceoxygen-containingacid;RestoredtoNO2byitself4HNO3（Concentrated）+C=CO2+4NO2+2H2O

ReactwithreducingsubstanceConcentratednitricacidcanoxidizecompoundscontainingS2-,SO32-,Fe2+,I-,

etc.ReactwithNon-metalsEglish小知識(shí)幫你記憶1:3一·三能“消·炎”硝酸鹽酸

3體積濃鹽酸與1體積濃硝酸的混合物叫做王水，它的氧化能力更強(qiáng)，金（Au）和鉑（Pt）不溶于硝酸，但溶于王水。中文LittleknowledgeHelpyouremember1:3One·Threecan"eliminateinflammation"nitricacidhydrochloricacid

Amixtureof3volumesofconcentratedhydrochloricacidand1volumeofconcentratednitricacidiscalledaquaregia,whichhasstrongeroxidationability.Gold(Au)andplatinum(Pt)areinsolubleinnitricacid,butcanbedissolvedinaquaregia.Eglish1、實(shí)驗(yàn)室制法NaNO3(s)+H2SO4(濃)NaHSO4+HNO3

微熱三、硝酸的生產(chǎn)工藝中文1、LaboratorypreparationmethodNaNO3(s)+H2SO4(concentrated)NaHSO4+HNO3

Microheating三、TheproductionprocessofnitricacidEglish2、工業(yè)制法-氨催化氧化法2NO+O2=2NO2(2)一氧化氮被氧氣氧化成二氧化氮3NO2+H2O=2HNO3+NO(3)用水吸收二氧化氮生成硝酸(1)氨在催化劑的作用下與氧氣發(fā)生反應(yīng)生成一氧化氮4NH3+5O2====4NO+6H2O催化劑中文2、Industrialpreparationmethod-ammoniacatalyticoxidationmethod2NO+O2=2NO2(2)Nitricoxideisoxidizedbyoxygentonitrogendioxide3NO2+H2O=2HNO3+NO(3)Nitrogendioxideisabsorbedbywatertoformnitricacid(1)Ammoniareactswithoxygenundertheactionofacatalysttoproducenitricoxide4NH3+5O2====4NO+6H2OcatalystEglish中文ProcessforpreparingnitricacidusingindustrialmethodsairairheatexchangerAbsorberConvertercatalyzer,etc,etcEglish四、硝酸的取樣方法硝酸具有易揮發(fā)性，取樣分析時(shí)不能像稱量固體樣品那樣直接稱量，必須借助安瓿球的幫忙。直徑約20mm，毛細(xì)管端長(zhǎng)約60mm使用時(shí)先對(duì)球部微微加熱，趕出球內(nèi)空氣，然后將毛細(xì)管插入硝酸中，待硝酸進(jìn)入球內(nèi)達(dá)到需要量后，取出，擦干毛細(xì)管，熔封即可中文四、TheweighingmethodofnitricacidNitricacidisvolatileandcannotbeweigheddirectlylikesolidsamplesduringsamplingandanalysis.Thehelpofampouleballsisnecessary.Approximately20

mmindiameter,withacapillaryendlengthofapproximately60

mmWhenusing,firstslightlyheattheballtoexpeltheairinsidetheball,theninsertthecapillaryintonitricacid.Aftertherequiredamountofnitricacidenterstheball,removeit,wipethecapillary,andsealitEglish項(xiàng)目二：工業(yè)濃硝酸質(zhì)量分析任務(wù)三：

硝酸質(zhì)量分析硝酸含量測(cè)定原理及方法課程：工業(yè)分析中文Scenario2:QualityanalysisofindustrialconcentratednitricacidTask3:QualityanalysisofnitricacidPrinciplesandmethodsformeasuringnitricacidcontentCourse:IndustrialAnalysisEglish·工業(yè)濃硝酸產(chǎn)品標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB/T337.1-2002《工業(yè)硝酸濃硝酸》項(xiàng)目98酸97酸硝酸質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)，%≥98.097.0亞硝酸質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)，%≤0.501.0硫酸質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)，%≤0.080.10灼燒殘?jiān)|(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)，%≤0.020.02中文·ProductstandardforindustrialconcentratednitricacidGB/T337.1-2002《Industrialnitricacid

concentratednitricacid》project98acid97acidMassfractionofnitricacid，%≥98.097.0Massfractionofnitrousacid，%≤0.501.0Massfractionofsulfuricacid，%≤0.080.10Massfractionofignitionresidue，%≤0.020.02Eglish硝酸質(zhì)量分析過程

根據(jù)分析對(duì)象性質(zhì)設(shè)計(jì)分析方案準(zhǔn)備分析用儀器準(zhǔn)備分析用試劑準(zhǔn)確稱取樣品進(jìn)行分析對(duì)結(jié)果進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)中文Nitricacidqualityanalysisprocess:DesignananalysisplanbasedonthenatureoftheanalysisobjectPrepareanalyticalinstrumentsPrepareanalyticalreagentsAccuratelyweighthesampleandanalyzeitEvaluatetheresultsEglish一、方法原理硝酸是強(qiáng)酸，可用酸堿滴定法測(cè)定將樣品加入過量的氫氧化鈉標(biāo)準(zhǔn)滴定溶液中，用甲基橙為指示劑用硫酸標(biāo)準(zhǔn)溶液進(jìn)行返滴定。

中文一、TheprincipleofmeasurementmethodsNitricacidisastrongacidandcanbedeterminedbyacid-basetitrationAddnitricacidsampletoexcesssodiumhydroxidestandardtitrationsolution,andperformbacktitrationwithsulfuricacidstandardsolutionusingmethylorangeastheindicator.Eglish二、測(cè)定所用儀器硝酸易揮發(fā)，取樣分析時(shí)不能像稱取性質(zhì)穩(wěn)定的固體那樣直接稱量，必須借助安瓿球的幫忙。此外需滴定分析常規(guī)儀器和碘量瓶中文二、InstrumentsusedformeasurementNitricacidisvolatile,andwhensamplingandanalyzing,itcannotbedirectlyweighedlikeastablesolidsample.Ampouleballsmustbeusedtoweighnitricacid.Inaddition,conventionalinstrumentsfortitrationanalysisandiodinevolumetricflasksarerequiredAmpouleballiodinevolumetricflasksSucknitricacidsampleContainerforholdingnitricacidsamplesandtitrationEglish三、測(cè)定所用試劑

氫氧化鈉標(biāo)準(zhǔn)滴定溶液：c(NaOH)=1mol/L硫酸標(biāo)準(zhǔn)滴定溶液：(1/2H2SO4)=1mol/L甲基橙指示液：1g/LNaOH和H2SO4標(biāo)準(zhǔn)溶液濃度要準(zhǔn)確標(biāo)定中文三、Reagentsusedfordetermination

Sodiumhydroxidestandardtitrationsolution：c(NaOH)=1mol/LSulfuricacidstandardtitrationsolution：(1/2

H2SO4)=1mol/LMethylorangeindicator：1g/LAccuratedeterminationofNaOHandH2SO4standardsolutionconcentrationEglish四、檢驗(yàn)步驟將安瓿球預(yù)先稱準(zhǔn)至0.0002g，然后在火焰上微微加熱安瓿球的球泡。將安瓿球的毛細(xì)管端浸入盛有樣品的瓶中，并使冷卻，待樣品充至1.5mL-2.0mL時(shí)，取出安瓿球。用濾紙仔細(xì)擦凈毛細(xì)管端，在火焰上使毛細(xì)管端封閉，不使玻璃損失。稱量含有樣品的安瓿球，稱準(zhǔn)至0.0002g，并根據(jù)差值計(jì)算樣品質(zhì)量。中文四、Inspectionsteps

First,accuratelyweighthemassoftheampouleball,andthenslightlyheatthebulboftheampouleballonaflame.Immersethecapillaryendoftheampouleballintothebottlecontainingthesampleandletitcool.Whenthesampleisfilledto1.5mL-2.0mL,removetheampouleball.Carefullywipethecapillaryendwithfilterpaperandsealitontheflametopreventglassloss.

Weightheampoulecontainingthesampleandcalculatethesamplemassbasedonthedifferencebetweenthetwomasses.Eglish

將盛有樣品的安瓿球，小心至于預(yù)先盛有100mL水和用移液管移入50mL氫氧化鈉滴定溶液的錐形瓶中，塞緊磨口塞。然后劇烈震蕩，使安瓿瓶破裂，并冷卻至室溫，搖動(dòng)錐形瓶，直至酸霧全部吸收為止。

取下塞子，用水洗滌，洗液收集于同一錐形瓶?jī)?nèi)。加1-2滴甲基橙指示劑溶液，然后用硫酸標(biāo)準(zhǔn)滴定溶液將過量的氫氧化鈉標(biāo)準(zhǔn)滴定溶液滴定至溶液呈橙色為終點(diǎn)。中文

Carefullyplacetheampouleballcontainingthesampleintoaconicalflaskprefilledwith100mLofwaterandpipette50mLofsodiumhydroxidetitrationsolution,andtightenthegroundstopper.Thenshakevigorouslytobreaktheampoule,continueshakingtheconicalflaskuntilthea